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All Rights Reserved"],["topImageUrl",null],["error",null]]}]}],["text","https://dqehscfgcq.sbs/wap/#/home"],["replyRequests",{"__iterable":"List","data":[{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["id","2vifkneqjijle__j4S8C_qV3Hv2uX5zTNzFF7XC_mhsGiZPAtyiQRdGLtX8KwFtI__RUMORS_LINE_BOT"],["reason",""],["positiveFeedbackCount",0],["negativeFeedbackCount",0]]}]}],["id","2vifkneqjijle"],["createdAt","2026-04-09T03:47:34.444Z"]]}],["replyConnections",{"__iterable":"List","data":[]}],["relatedArticles",{"__iterable":"List","data":[{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["replyCount",1],["references",{"__iterable":"List","data":[{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["type","LINE"]]}]}],["replyRequestCount",1],["user",{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["id","j4S8C_1Tmqnm858lY6LDsmhR4RHDW_L0tjuBohSAyQgENBZaA"],["name","樂觀的礁溪巴薩羅穆"],["avatarUrl",null],["level",0]]}],["hyperlinks",{"__iterable":"List","data":[{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","Wholesale | buy, sell and discover on TK"],["url","https://shop.xstka.com"],["summary","A shopping experience built for TK\n Wholesale is a completely personalized and fully integrated commerce solution,\n where sellers authentically connect with creators and communities to drive\n meaningful shopping experiences.\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Discovery and Joy\n \n Entertainment combines with commerce through authentic and\n relatable content, sparking inspiration that leads to purchase.\n \n \n \n \n \n Trusted Advocates\n \n TK creators bring a fresh take on shopping, helping brands build\n trust by showcasing products through their content.\n \n \n \n \n \n Passionate Communities\n \n Brands can develop a lasting relationship with an exploding\n community of users already talking about your products on TK.\n \n \n \n \n \n Frictionless Checkout\n \n Convenient and trusted, from the For You Page through secure\n check-out, order management, and support. Less friction makes\n for a happier purchase.\n \n \n \n \n \n Scaleable Ecosystems\n \n Support for your business, no matter the size. From logistics to\n post-sale management, you'll find the tools you need to\n grow.\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Shopping made simple\n Powered by TK's unique discovery engine, TK Shop enables brands and\n creators to showcase and sell products directly on TK, through a suite of in-app\n shopping touchpoints.\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n LIVE shopping\n \n Promote, sell and engage with your audience, all in real time.\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Shoppable videos\n \n Create entertaining videos with your products just a tap away.\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Shop Page\n \n Display your product catalog within your own in-app shop.\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Shop Tab\n \n Display your products on a centralized marketplace within TK.\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Wholesale, for you\n\n \n \n \n \n Seller\n \n Wholesale enables brands to showcase and sell products for\n the TK community to discover and purchase.\n \n \n \n \n Purchase & Conversion\n \n \n Integrated in-app checkout means discovery and\n purchase happens in one place to reduce friction in\n the buyer's journey.\n \n \n \n \n Campaigns & Promotions\n \n Get access to Wholesale's platform\n campaigns,\n Wholesale Ads, and an extensive selection of promotional\n tools.\n \n \n \n \n Affiliate for Sellers\n \n \n Discover, communicate, and collaborate with\n thousands of creators through our Affiliate Program,\n directly accessible on Wholesale.\n \n \n \n \n Apps & Services\n \n Manage your shop, products, order and\n fulfillment with diverse integration and service\n solutions on the\n Wholesale App Store.\n \n \n \n \n Learn More\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Creator\n \n Wholesale allows creators to spotlight and promote products\n they love to their community, and activate new revenue\n streams.\n \n \n \n \n Quick & Seamless Experience\n \n \n Browse, select, and add products into short videos\n and LIVEs to start promoting in just a few taps.\n \n \n \n \n Earning and Growth Opportunities\n \n \n Get paid commission on your generated sales through\n our Affiliate Program, directly accessible on\n Wholesale.\n \n \n \n \n Accessible Partnerships with Brands\n \n \n Develop relationships and commercial collaboration\n opportunities with brands across all categories.\n \n \n \n \n Access to Top Products\n \n \n Explore best selling and creator favorites to\n feature directly in content by browsing the\n Wholesale Product Marketplace.\n \n \n \n Learn More\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Partner\n \n Wholesale connects partners with sellers, creators, and\n resources to help them succeed.\n \n \n \n \n Matchmaking with Sellers & Creators\n \n \n Grow your client base by servicing sellers and\n creators seeking expert support in commerce &\n content.\n \n \n \n \n Substantial Training & Resources for Partners\n \n \n Leverage dedicated training programs to master it\n all, from the fundamentals, to best practices and\n beyond.\n \n \n \n \n Incentive Opportunities\n \n \n Support your business with monetized incentives,\n unlocking earning potential through a mix of\n platform support, including ad credit.\n \n \n \n \n Scalable Services\n \n \n Get access to a mix of technology, resources,\n logistics services, and payment methods to increase\n your operational efficiency.\n \n \n \n Learn More\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Shopper\n \n Wholesale inspires shoppers through entertainment, and\n guides them to discover brands and products they want to see\n most.\n \n \n \n \n Complete In-App Experience\n \n \n Shop through LIVEs, engaging in-feed videos, or by\n tapping the shop icon on a brand or creator profile,\n and checkout directly within TK.\n \n \n \n \n Authentic Recommendations\n \n \n Discover new brands and products recommended by the\n TK community.\n \n \n \n \n Safe & Seamless Shopping\n \n \n Shop within a trustworthy and seamless shopping\n experience that is fun and entertaining, from\n discovery straight through to secure checkout.\n \n \n \n \n Exclusive Offers\n \n \n Enjoy the excitement of discovering exclusive\n products, and amazing deals and promotions.\n \n \n \n Start Shopping\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n of TK users discover new brands and products on TK1\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n TK users are likely to buy something while using TK2\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n say that TK plays a role in purchase decisions3\n \n \n \n \n \n Sources: (1) TK Marketing Science Global Retail Path to Purchase (US Results)\n conducted by Material August 2021. (2) TK Marketing Science Global Entertainment\n Study (US Results) conducted by Material, December 2021. (3) Marketing Science EU\n Holiday Shopping Behavior Research 2020 conducted by Walnut International for TK For\n Business.\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Brandon The Plant Guy\n \n Brandon runs his plant business in his apartment where plant\n lovers can learn about and purchase plants. He offers LIVE\n Shopping viewers a valuable Free Gift with any purchase offer,\n educates how to purchase, and drives urgency by alerting viewers\n that his ”items sell out quickly, so don’t wait!”\n \n \n \n >1.5M\n Total LIVE Views Since Launch\n \n \n >15K\n Orders Since Launch\n \n \n >$350K\n LIVE Shopping Sales Since Launch\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n KimChi Chic Beauty\n \n Over a period of just 3 months, Kimchichic identified and\n sustained a lucrative content model for their LIVE shopping\n program, deepened their connection with their community, and\n offered a new and engaging way for their customers to shop on\n TK.\n \n \n \n >75x\n GMV uplift from week 1 to peak (90 days)\n \n \n +238%\n Higher average product Click-through-rate\n \n \n +10k\n Followers growth (90 days)\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Zuumtech\n \n Zuumtech’s Wholesale has quickly grown to be their #1 best\n performing sales channel. Wholesale has been instrumental in\n resolving Zuumtech’s largest hurdle of demonstrating the value\n and solution of a premium priced item at $225.\n \n \n \n 7x\n LIVE Shopping GMV increase (45 days)\n \n \n >500K\n Peak total viewers (per Live event)\n \n \n 0 to >20k+\n Follower growth (45 days)\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Willow Boutique\n \n Willow Boutique, a Cincinnati-based online clothing boutique,\n joined Wholesale in November of 2022 in an effort to connect and\n grow their audience. Adopting a consistent LIVE selling\n strategy, amplified with LIVE Shopping Ads, Willow Boutique has\n become a top fashion seller in under 1 year.\n \n \n \n >$500K\n Total GMV (60 days)\n \n \n >$250K\n LIVE Shopping GMV (60 days)\n \n \n >+100K\n Follower growth (60 days)\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Soo Slick\n \n Soo Slick, a minority women-owned fashion brand, activated a\n Wholesale Creator Affiliate Open Plan to allow creators to\n feature products at competitive prices through shoppable content\n on TK. The videos have experienced weekly top performing content\n success.\n \n \n \n >$1M\n Creator Affiliate Sales Since Launch\n \n \n >200M\n Affiliate Content Views Since Launch\n \n \n >$50K\n Creator Peak Total Sales (Single Video)\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Wyze\n \n Wyze, a smart home products start-up, has risen to one of the\n top selling Electronics brands on TikTok by leveraging the\n Wholesale Affiliate plan to allow creators to feature products\n at competitive prices and boosting content with Shop Ads.\n \n \n \n >$1M\n Creator Affiliate sales (60 days)\n \n \n >100M\n Content views (60 days)\n \n \n $100K\n Peak total Sales (single video)\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n See what Wholesale can do For You.\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Wholesale Academy is the central educational hub for sellers and creators to\n discover tools and best practices to maximize their earning potential on\n Wholesale.\n \n \n \n \n \n \n The Affiliate Program connects creators and sellers through creativity and\n commission. Sellers can find creators in the Creator Connect portal and pay\n commission on successful sales, and creators can find products and brands to\n promote through their content.\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Need help?\n \n \n Frequently Asked Questions\n \n Visit"],["topImageUrl",null],["error",null]]}]}],["text","https://shop.xstka.com"],["id","s8wk64dpxwul"],["createdAt","2026-01-15T02:12:50.842Z"]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["replyCount",1],["references",{"__iterable":"List","data":[{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["type","LINE"]]}]}],["replyRequestCount",1],["user",{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["id","j4S8C_1Tmqnm858lY6LDsmhR4RHDW_L0tjuBohSAyQgENBZaA"],["name","樂觀的礁溪巴薩羅穆"],["avatarUrl",null],["level",0]]}],["hyperlinks",{"__iterable":"List","data":[{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","Wholesale | buy, sell and discover on TK"],["url","https://tiktok.tkatw.com/"],["summary","A shopping experience built for TK\n Wholesale is a completely personalized and fully integrated commerce solution,\n where sellers authentically connect with creators and communities to drive\n meaningful shopping experiences.\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Discovery and Joy\n \n Entertainment combines with commerce through authentic and\n relatable content, sparking inspiration that leads to purchase.\n \n \n \n \n \n Trusted Advocates\n \n TK creators bring a fresh take on shopping, helping brands build\n trust by showcasing products through their content.\n \n \n \n \n \n Passionate Communities\n \n Brands can develop a lasting relationship with an exploding\n community of users already talking about your products on TK.\n \n \n \n \n \n Frictionless Checkout\n \n Convenient and trusted, from the For You Page through secure\n check-out, order management, and support. Less friction makes\n for a happier purchase.\n \n \n \n \n \n Scaleable Ecosystems\n \n Support for your business, no matter the size. From logistics to\n post-sale management, you'll find the tools you need to\n grow.\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Shopping made simple\n Powered by TK's unique discovery engine, TK Shop enables brands and\n creators to showcase and sell products directly on TK, through a suite of in-app\n shopping touchpoints.\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n LIVE shopping\n \n Promote, sell and engage with your audience, all in real time.\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Shoppable videos\n \n Create entertaining videos with your products just a tap away.\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Shop Page\n \n Display your product catalog within your own in-app shop.\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Shop Tab\n \n Display your products on a centralized marketplace within TK.\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Wholesale, for you\n\n \n \n \n \n Seller\n \n Wholesale enables brands to showcase and sell products for\n the TK community to discover and purchase.\n \n \n \n \n Purchase & Conversion\n \n \n Integrated in-app checkout means discovery and\n purchase happens in one place to reduce friction in\n the buyer's journey.\n \n \n \n \n Campaigns & Promotions\n \n Get access to Wholesale's platform\n campaigns,\n Wholesale Ads, and an extensive selection of promotional\n tools.\n \n \n \n \n Affiliate for Sellers\n \n \n Discover, communicate, and collaborate with\n thousands of creators through our Affiliate Program,\n directly accessible on Wholesale.\n \n \n \n \n Apps & Services\n \n Manage your shop, products, order and\n fulfillment with diverse integration and service\n solutions on the\n Wholesale App Store.\n \n \n \n \n Learn More\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Creator\n \n Wholesale allows creators to spotlight and promote products\n they love to their community, and activate new revenue\n streams.\n \n \n \n \n Quick & Seamless Experience\n \n \n Browse, select, and add products into short videos\n and LIVEs to start promoting in just a few taps.\n \n \n \n \n Earning and Growth Opportunities\n \n \n Get paid commission on your generated sales through\n our Affiliate Program, directly accessible on\n Wholesale.\n \n \n \n \n Accessible Partnerships with Brands\n \n \n Develop relationships and commercial collaboration\n opportunities with brands across all categories.\n \n \n \n \n Access to Top Products\n \n \n Explore best selling and creator favorites to\n feature directly in content by browsing the\n Wholesale Product Marketplace.\n \n \n \n Learn More\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Partner\n \n Wholesale connects partners with sellers, creators, and\n resources to help them succeed.\n \n \n \n \n Matchmaking with Sellers & Creators\n \n \n Grow your client base by servicing sellers and\n creators seeking expert support in commerce &\n content.\n \n \n \n \n Substantial Training & Resources for Partners\n \n \n Leverage dedicated training programs to master it\n all, from the fundamentals, to best practices and\n beyond.\n \n \n \n \n Incentive Opportunities\n \n \n Support your business with monetized incentives,\n unlocking earning potential through a mix of\n platform support, including ad credit.\n \n \n \n \n Scalable Services\n \n \n Get access to a mix of technology, resources,\n logistics services, and payment methods to increase\n your operational efficiency.\n \n \n \n Learn More\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Shopper\n \n Wholesale inspires shoppers through entertainment, and\n guides them to discover brands and products they want to see\n most.\n \n \n \n \n Complete In-App Experience\n \n \n Shop through LIVEs, engaging in-feed videos, or by\n tapping the shop icon on a brand or creator profile,\n and checkout directly within TK.\n \n \n \n \n Authentic Recommendations\n \n \n Discover new brands and products recommended by the\n TK community.\n \n \n \n \n Safe & Seamless Shopping\n \n \n Shop within a trustworthy and seamless shopping\n experience that is fun and entertaining, from\n discovery straight through to secure checkout.\n \n \n \n \n Exclusive Offers\n \n \n Enjoy the excitement of discovering exclusive\n products, and amazing deals and promotions.\n \n \n \n Start Shopping\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n of TK users discover new brands and products on TK1\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n TK users are likely to buy something while using TK2\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n say that TK plays a role in purchase decisions3\n \n \n \n \n \n Sources: (1) TK Marketing Science Global Retail Path to Purchase (US Results)\n conducted by Material August 2021. (2) TK Marketing Science Global Entertainment\n Study (US Results) conducted by Material, December 2021. (3) Marketing Science EU\n Holiday Shopping Behavior Research 2020 conducted by Walnut International for TK For\n Business.\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Brandon The Plant Guy\n \n Brandon runs his plant business in his apartment where plant\n lovers can learn about and purchase plants. He offers LIVE\n Shopping viewers a valuable Free Gift with any purchase offer,\n educates how to purchase, and drives urgency by alerting viewers\n that his ”items sell out quickly, so don’t wait!”\n \n \n \n >1.5M\n Total LIVE Views Since Launch\n \n \n >15K\n Orders Since Launch\n \n \n >$350K\n LIVE Shopping Sales Since Launch\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n KimChi Chic Beauty\n \n Over a period of just 3 months, Kimchichic identified and\n sustained a lucrative content model for their LIVE shopping\n program, deepened their connection with their community, and\n offered a new and engaging way for their customers to shop on\n TK.\n \n \n \n >75x\n GMV uplift from week 1 to peak (90 days)\n \n \n +238%\n Higher average product Click-through-rate\n \n \n +10k\n Followers growth (90 days)\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Zuumtech\n \n Zuumtech’s Wholesale has quickly grown to be their #1 best\n performing sales channel. Wholesale has been instrumental in\n resolving Zuumtech’s largest hurdle of demonstrating the value\n and solution of a premium priced item at $225.\n \n \n \n 7x\n LIVE Shopping GMV increase (45 days)\n \n \n >500K\n Peak total viewers (per Live event)\n \n \n 0 to >20k+\n Follower growth (45 days)\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Willow Boutique\n \n Willow Boutique, a Cincinnati-based online clothing boutique,\n joined Wholesale in November of 2022 in an effort to connect and\n grow their audience. Adopting a consistent LIVE selling\n strategy, amplified with LIVE Shopping Ads, Willow Boutique has\n become a top fashion seller in under 1 year.\n \n \n \n >$500K\n Total GMV (60 days)\n \n \n >$250K\n LIVE Shopping GMV (60 days)\n \n \n >+100K\n Follower growth (60 days)\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Soo Slick\n \n Soo Slick, a minority women-owned fashion brand, activated a\n Wholesale Creator Affiliate Open Plan to allow creators to\n feature products at competitive prices through shoppable content\n on TK. The videos have experienced weekly top performing content\n success.\n \n \n \n >$1M\n Creator Affiliate Sales Since Launch\n \n \n >200M\n Affiliate Content Views Since Launch\n \n \n >$50K\n Creator Peak Total Sales (Single Video)\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Wyze\n \n Wyze, a smart home products start-up, has risen to one of the\n top selling Electronics brands on TikTok by leveraging the\n Wholesale Affiliate plan to allow creators to feature products\n at competitive prices and boosting content with Shop Ads.\n \n \n \n >$1M\n Creator Affiliate sales (60 days)\n \n \n >100M\n Content views (60 days)\n \n \n $100K\n Peak total Sales (single video)\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n See what Wholesale can do For You.\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Wholesale Academy is the central educational hub for sellers and creators to\n discover tools and best practices to maximize their earning potential on\n Wholesale.\n \n \n \n \n \n \n The Affiliate Program connects creators and sellers through creativity and\n commission. Sellers can find creators in the Creator Connect portal and pay\n commission on successful sales, and creators can find products and brands to\n promote through their content.\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Need help?\n \n \n Frequently Asked Questions\n \n Visit"],["topImageUrl",null],["error",null]]}]}],["text","https://tiktok.tkatw.com/"],["id","2y4dcsvj48a2w"],["createdAt","2026-01-15T02:12:50.840Z"]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["replyCount",1],["references",{"__iterable":"List","data":[{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["type","LINE"]]}]}],["replyRequestCount",1],["user",{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["id","j4S8C_1Tmqnm858lY6LDsmhR4RHDW_L0tjuBohSAyQgENBZaA"],["name","樂觀的礁溪巴薩羅穆"],["avatarUrl",null],["level",0]]}],["hyperlinks",{"__iterable":"List","data":[{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","Wholesale | buy, sell and discover on TK"],["url","https://tiktok.rrtknb.com"],["summary","A shopping experience built for TK\n Wholesale is a completely personalized and fully integrated commerce solution,\n where sellers authentically connect with creators and communities to drive\n meaningful shopping experiences.\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Discovery and Joy\n \n Entertainment combines with commerce through authentic and\n relatable content, sparking inspiration that leads to purchase.\n \n \n \n \n \n Trusted Advocates\n \n TK creators bring a fresh take on shopping, helping brands build\n trust by showcasing products through their content.\n \n \n \n \n \n Passionate Communities\n \n Brands can develop a lasting relationship with an exploding\n community of users already talking about your products on TK.\n \n \n \n \n \n Frictionless Checkout\n \n Convenient and trusted, from the For You Page through secure\n check-out, order management, and support. Less friction makes\n for a happier purchase.\n \n \n \n \n \n Scaleable Ecosystems\n \n Support for your business, no matter the size. From logistics to\n post-sale management, you'll find the tools you need to\n grow.\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Shopping made simple\n Powered by TK's unique discovery engine, TK Shop enables brands and\n creators to showcase and sell products directly on TK, through a suite of in-app\n shopping touchpoints.\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n LIVE shopping\n \n Promote, sell and engage with your audience, all in real time.\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Shoppable videos\n \n Create entertaining videos with your products just a tap away.\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Shop Page\n \n Display your product catalog within your own in-app shop.\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Shop Tab\n \n Display your products on a centralized marketplace within TK.\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Wholesale, for you\n\n \n \n \n \n Seller\n \n Wholesale enables brands to showcase and sell products for\n the TK community to discover and purchase.\n \n \n \n \n Purchase & Conversion\n \n \n Integrated in-app checkout means discovery and\n purchase happens in one place to reduce friction in\n the buyer's journey.\n \n \n \n \n Campaigns & Promotions\n \n Get access to Wholesale's platform\n campaigns,\n Wholesale Ads, and an extensive selection of promotional\n tools.\n \n \n \n \n Affiliate for Sellers\n \n \n Discover, communicate, and collaborate with\n thousands of creators through our Affiliate Program,\n directly accessible on Wholesale.\n \n \n \n \n Apps & Services\n \n Manage your shop, products, order and\n fulfillment with diverse integration and service\n solutions on the\n Wholesale App Store.\n \n \n \n \n Learn More\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Creator\n \n Wholesale allows creators to spotlight and promote products\n they love to their community, and activate new revenue\n streams.\n \n \n \n \n Quick & Seamless Experience\n \n \n Browse, select, and add products into short videos\n and LIVEs to start promoting in just a few taps.\n \n \n \n \n Earning and Growth Opportunities\n \n \n Get paid commission on your generated sales through\n our Affiliate Program, directly accessible on\n Wholesale.\n \n \n \n \n Accessible Partnerships with Brands\n \n \n Develop relationships and commercial collaboration\n opportunities with brands across all categories.\n \n \n \n \n Access to Top Products\n \n \n Explore best selling and creator favorites to\n feature directly in content by browsing the\n Wholesale Product Marketplace.\n \n \n \n Learn More\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Partner\n \n Wholesale connects partners with sellers, creators, and\n resources to help them succeed.\n \n \n \n \n Matchmaking with Sellers & Creators\n \n \n Grow your client base by servicing sellers and\n creators seeking expert support in commerce &\n content.\n \n \n \n \n Substantial Training & Resources for Partners\n \n \n Leverage dedicated training programs to master it\n all, from the fundamentals, to best practices and\n beyond.\n \n \n \n \n Incentive Opportunities\n \n \n Support your business with monetized incentives,\n unlocking earning potential through a mix of\n platform support, including ad credit.\n \n \n \n \n Scalable Services\n \n \n Get access to a mix of technology, resources,\n logistics services, and payment methods to increase\n your operational efficiency.\n \n \n \n Learn More\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Shopper\n \n Wholesale inspires shoppers through entertainment, and\n guides them to discover brands and products they want to see\n most.\n \n \n \n \n Complete In-App Experience\n \n \n Shop through LIVEs, engaging in-feed videos, or by\n tapping the shop icon on a brand or creator profile,\n and checkout directly within TK.\n \n \n \n \n Authentic Recommendations\n \n \n Discover new brands and products recommended by the\n TK community.\n \n \n \n \n Safe & Seamless Shopping\n \n \n Shop within a trustworthy and seamless shopping\n experience that is fun and entertaining, from\n discovery straight through to secure checkout.\n \n \n \n \n Exclusive Offers\n \n \n Enjoy the excitement of discovering exclusive\n products, and amazing deals and promotions.\n \n \n \n Start Shopping\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n of TK users discover new brands and products on TK1\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n TK users are likely to buy something while using TK2\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n say that TK plays a role in purchase decisions3\n \n \n \n \n \n Sources: (1) TK Marketing Science Global Retail Path to Purchase (US Results)\n conducted by Material August 2021. (2) TK Marketing Science Global Entertainment\n Study (US Results) conducted by Material, December 2021. (3) Marketing Science EU\n Holiday Shopping Behavior Research 2020 conducted by Walnut International for TK For\n Business.\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Brandon The Plant Guy\n \n Brandon runs his plant business in his apartment where plant\n lovers can learn about and purchase plants. He offers LIVE\n Shopping viewers a valuable Free Gift with any purchase offer,\n educates how to purchase, and drives urgency by alerting viewers\n that his ”items sell out quickly, so don’t wait!”\n \n \n \n >1.5M\n Total LIVE Views Since Launch\n \n \n >15K\n Orders Since Launch\n \n \n >$350K\n LIVE Shopping Sales Since Launch\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n KimChi Chic Beauty\n \n Over a period of just 3 months, Kimchichic identified and\n sustained a lucrative content model for their LIVE shopping\n program, deepened their connection with their community, and\n offered a new and engaging way for their customers to shop on\n TK.\n \n \n \n >75x\n GMV uplift from week 1 to peak (90 days)\n \n \n +238%\n Higher average product Click-through-rate\n \n \n +10k\n Followers growth (90 days)\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Zuumtech\n \n Zuumtech’s Wholesale has quickly grown to be their #1 best\n performing sales channel. Wholesale has been instrumental in\n resolving Zuumtech’s largest hurdle of demonstrating the value\n and solution of a premium priced item at $225.\n \n \n \n 7x\n LIVE Shopping GMV increase (45 days)\n \n \n >500K\n Peak total viewers (per Live event)\n \n \n 0 to >20k+\n Follower growth (45 days)\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Willow Boutique\n \n Willow Boutique, a Cincinnati-based online clothing boutique,\n joined Wholesale in November of 2022 in an effort to connect and\n grow their audience. Adopting a consistent LIVE selling\n strategy, amplified with LIVE Shopping Ads, Willow Boutique has\n become a top fashion seller in under 1 year.\n \n \n \n >$500K\n Total GMV (60 days)\n \n \n >$250K\n LIVE Shopping GMV (60 days)\n \n \n >+100K\n Follower growth (60 days)\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Soo Slick\n \n Soo Slick, a minority women-owned fashion brand, activated a\n Wholesale Creator Affiliate Open Plan to allow creators to\n feature products at competitive prices through shoppable content\n on TK. The videos have experienced weekly top performing content\n success.\n \n \n \n >$1M\n Creator Affiliate Sales Since Launch\n \n \n >200M\n Affiliate Content Views Since Launch\n \n \n >$50K\n Creator Peak Total Sales (Single Video)\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Wyze\n \n Wyze, a smart home products start-up, has risen to one of the\n top selling Electronics brands on TikTok by leveraging the\n Wholesale Affiliate plan to allow creators to feature products\n at competitive prices and boosting content with Shop Ads.\n \n \n \n >$1M\n Creator Affiliate sales (60 days)\n \n \n >100M\n Content views (60 days)\n \n \n $100K\n Peak total Sales (single video)\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n See what Wholesale can do For You.\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Wholesale Academy is the central educational hub for sellers and creators to\n discover tools and best practices to maximize their earning potential on\n Wholesale.\n \n \n \n \n \n \n The Affiliate Program connects creators and sellers through creativity and\n commission. Sellers can find creators in the Creator Connect portal and pay\n commission on successful sales, and creators can find products and brands to\n promote through their content.\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Need help?\n \n \n Frequently Asked Questions\n \n Visit"],["topImageUrl",null],["error",null]]}]}],["text","https://tiktok.rrtknb.com"],["id","26kl2hm8elqui"],["createdAt","2026-01-15T02:12:50.843Z"]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["replyCount",1],["references",{"__iterable":"List","data":[{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["type","LINE"]]}]}],["replyRequestCount",3],["user",{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["id","j4S8C_0tTTQpwmA4ox1xB1epq96m71pv3Zl7FebeA7K_0-8hI"],["name","Oo肯定的西屯維克oO"],["avatarUrl",null],["level",0]]}],["hyperlinks",{"__iterable":"List","data":[{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","TikTok Shop"],["url","www.dowtittok.com"],["summary","TikTok shop,platform's fully managed operation modelProviding quality goods and services to global consumers and comprehensive support for merchants to help them rapidly expand into the global market.About TikTok ShopTikTok Shop’s fully managed operation model is an innovative business model that provides comprehensive support services to both merchants and consumers, helping merchants rapidly expand into the global marketplace and achieve their sales goals, while at the same time providing consumers with high-quality products and a good service experience, creating a win-win situation for both parties. In short, it is a business model that allows merchants to focus on order management and get rid of operational worries!DiscoveryEntertainment meets commerce through authentic and relatable shopping content, that sparks inspiration leading to purchase.Trusted CreatorsCreators show up differently on TikTok, bringing a fresh take on shopping by helping brands build trust and influence through authentic content.Engaging CommunitiesTikTok communities drive discovery and influence culture. Brands can build lasting relationships with users by tapping into these existing communities.Easy & Safe ShoppingRevolutionising the shopping journey, from the For You Page to a safe and secure check-out, order management, and support all within the app.Scaleable EcosystemsSupport for your business, no matter the size. From logistics to post-sale management, you'll find the tools you need to grow.Full hosting operation modeOne piece of hair serviceOne for sending service is the supplier directly from the warehouse to the buyer's service, the seller does not need to prepare and shipment. This service model can help sellers reduce warehousing costs and improve efficiency. At the same time, attention should also be paid to confirm the reliability of the supplier to ensure the quality of goods and the timeliness of delivery.Rapid store openingRapid store opening is a way to quickly set up and operate a store through a simplified process, which is suitable for startups and small merchants.free stationingFree entry is a kind of free store opening or registration service provided by the platform, which allows merchants or individuals to display and sell their goods or services on the platform without paying any fees.One-click commodity importOne-click commodity import is a function on the e-commerce platform that allows sellers to quickly import commodity information from other platforms or files into their own stores, improving work efficiency and ensuring information accuracy.Professional customer service team and after-sales serviceAfter-sales service supportTikTok shop platform provides comprehensive after-sales service, including product returns, order inquiries, logistics tracking, etc., to provide consumers with a worry-free shopping experience.Professional Customer Service TeamThe customer service team of the TikTok shop platform consists of experienced customer service personnel who have received professional training and are able to provide efficient and professional services to merchants and consumers.Global MarketTik Tok shop platform covers many countries and regions around the world, providing merchants with a platform for cross-border sales, helping them break through geographical restrictions and easily expand the global market.The platform provides comprehensive cross-border e-commerce servicesOverseas Warehousing International Logistics Cross-border PaymentFrequently Asked Questions+I don't have any followers, can I apply for a TikTok Shop?+What do I need to open a TikTok Shop?+How do I open a store on Tiktok quickly?+How do I add products to my TikTok Shop?+How do I sell on TikTokShop?In the future, users around the world will be able to purchase goods directly through TikTok storesThe user base is large, the products are rich, the number of sellers is currently small, and the platform dividends are huge1,678,643,871Global downloads1,143,879,685Monthly active user75 speciesGlobal languageJoin the TikTok Shop"],["topImageUrl",null],["error",null]]}]}],["text","www.dowtittok.com"],["id","2lr9i1ew9fgpa"],["createdAt","2024-07-31T13:42:20.783Z"]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["replyCount",1],["references",{"__iterable":"List","data":[{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["type","LINE"]]}]}],["replyRequestCount",1],["user",{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["id","j4S8C_UfQQV5DOzBS2g4wzL2of4IFd9BTOUSK-cyh3GqYnfRE"],["name","好交際的橋頭奧麗芙"],["avatarUrl",null],["level",0]]}],["hyperlinks",{"__iterable":"List","data":[{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","キャンペーンに賛同！"],["url","https://www.change.org/p/california-state-assembly-members-vote-no-to-aca-5"],["summary","Dear California State Assembly Members,\nWe have learned that Assembly Constitutional Amendment No. 5 (ACA-5) has been introduced to repeal Proposition 209. The bill is publicly viewable at this webpage [Link]. We strongly urge you to vote No on this bill!\nTo understand ACA-5, we have to remember what Proposition 209 is. In November 1996, Proposition 209 (also known as the California Civil Rights Initiative) amended the state constitution to prohibit state government institutions from discriminating against, or granting preferential treatment to, any individual or group on the basis of race, sex, color, ethnicity, or national origin in the operation of public employment, public education, or public contracting. In the 23 years that Proposition 209 took effect, California has become the most diversified state in the US. Also, we fully support comprehensive measures having since been introduced to help students from disadvantaged families obtain higher education.\nOn August, 28, 1962, MLK said, \"I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin but by the content of their character.\" Yet, 58 years later, some Californian legislators are proposing to entirely repeal Proposition 209 and unfairly roll the clock back to legalize discriminating a person based on her/his race, sex, color, ethnicity, or national origin. We are outraged!\nThe 14th Amendment of the US Constitution clearly states that no state shall deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of its laws. ACA-5 re-introduces racial presences, still a form of racial discrimination, into the state law. Therefore, it violates the US Constitution. It will divide California and pit one group of citizens against another simply based on their race, sex, color, ethnicity or national origin. It will minimize the accomplishments of minority groups to a simple result of preferential treatment, a blow to their extraordinary hard work and sacrifice.\nWe hereby strongly urge you to vote NO on ACA-5!"],["topImageUrl",null],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","ACA \n 5-\n AMENDED"],["url","https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=201920200ACA5&from=groupmessage&isappinstalled=0"],["summary","Amended\n IN \n Assembly\n March 09, 2020\n CALIFORNIA LEGISLATURE—\n 2019–2020 REGULAR SESSION\n Assembly Constitutional Amendment\n No. 5Introduced by Assembly Member Quirk-Silva Members Weber and Gipson(Coauthors: Assembly Members Gonzalez, Jones-Sawyer, and Kamlager)(Coauthor: Senator Mitchell)January 18, 2019A resolution to propose to the people of the State of California an amendment to the Constitution of the State, by amending Section 9 of Article IX thereof, relating to the University of California. repealing Section 31 of Article I thereof, relating to government preferences.LEGISLATIVE COUNSEL'S DIGESTACA 5, as amended, Quirk-Silva Weber.\n University of California: Office of the President of the University of California: terms of regents. Government preferences.The California Constitution, pursuant to provisions enacted by the initiative Proposition 209 in 1996, prohibits the state from discriminating against, or granting preferential treatment to, any individual or group on the basis of race, sex, color, ethnicity, or national origin in the operation of public employment, public education, or public contracting. The California Constitution defines the state for these purposes to include the state, any city, county, public university system, community college district, school district, special district, or any other political subdivision or governmental instrumentality of, or within, the state.This measure would repeal these provisions. The measure would also make a statement of legislative findings in this\n\t\t\t regard.Existing\n\t\t\t provisions of the California Constitution establish the University of California as a public trust under the administration of the Regents of the University of California. The California Constitution grants to the regents all the powers necessary or convenient for the effective administration of this public trust. Pursuant to the California Constitution, there are 7 ex officio members of the regents and 18 appointive members appointed by the Governor and approved by the Senate, a majority of the membership concurring. The members of the regents serve 12-year terms.This measure would require, on or before October 1 of each year, the Office of the President of the University of California to submit a written report to the regents, the Governor, and the appropriate policy and fiscal committees of the Legislature specifying its receipts and expenditures for the immediately preceding fiscal year. The measure would also require that an appropriation for the Office of the\n\t\t\t President of the University of California be made only pursuant to an item in the annual Budget Bill relating solely to that office, as specified.The measure would also add the Chancellor of the California Community Colleges to the regents as a voting ex officio member, and would provide that the President of the University of California would be a nonvoting, rather than a voting, ex officio member.The measure would prohibit the appointment of members of the regents appointed to the board before March 4, 2020, to additional terms after that date, and would further require that members of the regents appointed on and after March 4, 2020, would serve 4-year terms, with the exception of 5 appointive positions on the board that would be filled, through appointments by the Governor, by faculty, students, and classified employees of the university for 2-year terms, as specified.The\n\t\t\t measure would specify the qualifications required of these faculty, student, and classified employee appointees to the board, whose 2-year terms would commence with the expiration of 12-year terms on March 1 of 2020, 2021, and 2022, as prescribed. The measure would repeal, on March 4, 2020, existing authority of the members of the board to appoint a member of the faculty of the university or a student of the university, or both, to the board.The measure would prohibit any officer or employee of the university, other than a member of the faculty, from receiving compensation, as defined, that exceeds $200,000 per year, unless that compensation is approved by a vote of the regents in a public meeting.Digest Key\n Vote:\n 2/3 \n Appropriation:\n NO \n Fiscal Committee:\n YES \n Local Program:\n NO Bill TextWHEREAS, Equal opportunity is deeply rooted in the American ideals of fairness, justice, and equality. Programs to meet the goals of equal opportunity seek to realize these basic values. Equal opportunity not only helps individuals, but also helps communities in need and benefits our larger society. California’s equal opportunity program was upended by the passage of Proposition 209 in 1996; andWHEREAS, Proposition 209, entitled the California Civil Rights Initiative, amended Article I of the California Constitution to prohibit race- and gender-conscious remedies to rectify the underutilization of women and people of color in public employment, as well as public contracting and education; andWHEREAS, Proposition 209 invalidated a series of laws that had been enacted by the California Legislature over the 20 years prior to it that required state agencies to eliminate traditional patterns of segregation and exclusion in the workforce, to increase the representation of women and minorities in the state service by identifying jobs for which their employment was underrepresented due to discrimination, and to develop action plans to remedy such underrepresentation without effectuating quota systems; andWHEREAS, Proposition 209 also overshadowed other landmark civil rights and antidiscrimination laws. In 1959, after a 37-year campaign by labor and civil rights groups, the Unruh Civil Rights Act was passed, which was the forerunner of the Civil Rights Act of 1964; andWHEREAS, As a result of the passage of Proposition 209, women and people of color continue to face discrimination and disparity in opportunities to participate in numerous forms of association and work that are crucial to the development of talents and capabilities that enable people to contribute meaningfully to, and benefit from, the collective possibilities of national life; andWHEREAS, The State of California has provided employment opportunities for people of color and women of all races. However, lingering, and even increasing, disparity still exists, particularly for Black Americans, Latino Americans, and women, and should be rectified; andWHEREAS, Proposition 209 has impeded California’s continuing interest in supporting the equal participation of women in the workforce and in public works projects, in addressing the historical and present manifestations of gender bias, and in promulgating policies to enforce antidiscrimination in the workplace and on public projects; andWHEREAS, In the wake of Proposition 209, California saw stark workforce diversity reductions for people of color and women in public contracting and in public education. Studies show that more diverse workforces perform better financially and are significantly more productive and focused; andWHEREAS, Since the passage of Proposition 209, the state’s minority-owned and women-owned business enterprise programs have been decimated. A 2016 study conservatively estimates that the implementation of Proposition 209 cost women and people of color over $1,000,000,000 annually in lost contract awards. Most procurement and subcontracting processes remain effectively closed to these groups due to the changes brought on by Proposition 209; andWHEREAS, Women are vastly underrepresented among firms receiving public contracts and the dollars awarded to certified women-owned business enterprises fell by roughly 40 percent, compared to levels before Proposition 209. In addition, only one-third of certified minority business enterprises in California’s transportation construction industry are still in operation today, compared to 20 years ago; andWHEREAS, Women, particularly women of color, continue to face unequal pay for equal work. White women are paid 80 cents to every dollar paid to white men doing the same work. Black women are paid 60 cents for every dollar paid to white men doing the same work and would theoretically have to work an extra seven months every year to overcome that differential. This persistent gender wage gap continues to harm women, their families, and communities; andWHEREAS, Despite a booming economy with almost full employment, a persistent racial wealth gap remains rooted in income inequality. Improving minority access to educational and labor market opportunity reduces the wealth gap and strengthens the economy; andWHEREAS, Proposition 209 has had a devastating impact on minority equal opportunity and access to California’s publicly funded institutions of higher education. This violates the spirit of the California Master Plan for Higher Education by making it more difficult for many students to obtain an affordable and accessible high quality public education. While federal law allows schools to use race as a factor when making admissions decisions, California universities are prohibited by Proposition 209 from engaging in targeted outreach and extra efforts to matriculate high-performing minority students. This reduces the graduation rates of students of color and, in turn, contributes to the diminution of the “pipeline” of candidates of color for faculty positions; andWHEREAS, Since the passage of Proposition 209, diversity within public educational institutions has been stymied. Proposition 209 instigated a dramatic change in admissions policy at the University of California, with underrepresented group enrollment at the Berkeley and Los Angeles campuses of the University of California immediately falling by more than 60 percent and systemwide underrepresented group enrollment falling by at least 12 percent. Underrepresented group high school graduates faced substantial long-term declines in educational and employment outcomes as a result of these changes; andWHEREAS, Among California high school graduates who apply to the University of California, passage of Proposition 209 has led to a decreased likelihood of earning a college degree within six years, a decreased likelihood of ever earning a graduate degree, and long-run declines in average wages and the likelihood of earning high wages measured by California standards. The University of California has never recovered the same level of diversity that it had before the loss of affirmative action nearly 20 years ago, a level that, at the time, was widely considered to be inadequate to meet the needs of the state and its young people because it did not achieve parity with the state’s ethnic demographics; andWHEREAS, The importance of diversity in educational settings cannot be overstated. The Supreme Court of the United States outlined the benefits that arise from diversity, as follows, “the destruction of stereotypes, the promotion of cross-racial understanding, the preparation of a student body for an increasingly diverse workforce and society, and the cultivation of a set of leaders with legitimacy in the eyes of the citizenry”; andWHEREAS, Federal courts continue to reaffirm the value of diversity in favor of race conscious admissions, as exemplified by United States District Judge Allison D. Burroughs who stated, “race conscious admissions programs that survive strict scrutiny have an important place in society and help ensure that colleges and universities can offer a diverse atmosphere that fosters learning, improves scholarship, and encourages mutual respect and understanding. Further, Judge Burroughs recognized that there are no race-neutral alternatives that would allow a university to achieve an adequately diverse student body while still perpetuating its standards for academic and other forms of excellence; andWHEREAS, It is the intent of the Legislature that California remedy discrimination against, and underrepresentation of, certain disadvantaged groups in a manner consistent with the United States Constitution and allow gender, racial, and ethnic diversity to be considered among the factors used to decide college admissions and hiring and contracting by government institutions; andWHEREAS, It is further the intent of the Legislature that California transcend a legacy of unequal treatment of marginalized groups and promote fairness and equal citizenship by affording the members of marginalized groups a fair and full opportunity to be integrated into state public institutions that advance upward mobility, pay equity, and racial wealth gap reduction; now, therefore be itResolved by the Assembly, the Senate concurring, That the Legislature of the State of California at its 2019–20 Regular Session commencing on the third day of December 2018, two-thirds of the membership of each house concurring, hereby proposes to the people of the State of California, that the Constitution of the State be amended as follows: That Section 31 of Article I thereof is repealed.SEC. 31.(a)The State shall not discriminate against, or grant preferential treatment to, any individual or group on the basis of race, sex, color, ethnicity, or national origin in the operation of public employment, public education, or public contracting.(b)This section shall apply only to action taken after the section’s effective date.(c)Nothing in this section shall be\ninterpreted as prohibiting bona fide qualifications based on sex which are reasonably necessary to the normal operation of public employment, public education, or public contracting.(d)Nothing in this section shall be interpreted as invalidating any court order or consent decree which is in force as of the effective date of this section.(e)Nothing in this section shall be interpreted as prohibiting action which must be taken to establish or maintain eligibility for any federal program, where ineligibility would result in a loss of federal funds to the State.(f)For the purposes of this section, “State” shall include, but not necessarily be limited to, the State itself, any city, county, city and county, public university system, including the University of California, community college district, school district,\nspecial district, or any other political subdivision or governmental instrumentality of or within the State.(g)The remedies available for violations of this section shall be the same, regardless of the injured party’s race, sex, color, ethnicity, or national origin, as are otherwise available for violations of then-existing California antidiscrimination law.(h)This section shall be self-executing. If any part or parts of this section are found to be in conflict with federal law or the United States Constitution, the section shall be implemented to the maximum extent that federal law and the United States Constitution permit. Any provision held invalid shall be severable from the remaining portions of this section.Resolved by the Assembly, the Senate concurring, That the Legislature of the State of California at its 2019–20 Regular Session commencing on the third day of December 2018, two-thirds of the membership of each house concurring, hereby proposes to the people of the State of California that the Constitution of the State be amended as follows:That Section 9 of Article IX thereof is amended to read:Sec. 9.(a)(1)The University of California shall constitute a public trust, to be administered by the existing corporation known as “The Regents of the University of California,” with full powers of organization and government, subject only to such legislative control as may be necessary to ensure the security of its funds and compliance with the terms of the endowments of the university and such competitive bidding procedures as may be made applicable to the university\n\t\t\t\t\t by statute for the letting of construction contracts, sales of real property, and purchasing of materials, goods, and services.\n\t\t\t\t\t The corporation shall be in form a board composed of seven voting ex officio members, who shall be the Governor, the Lieutenant Governor, the Speaker of the Assembly, the Superintendent of Public Instruction, the Chancellor of the California Community Colleges, the president and the vice president of the alumni association of the\n\t\t\t\t\t university, one nonvoting ex officio member, who shall be the president of the university, and 18 appointive members appointed by the Governor and approved by the Senate, a majority of the membership concurring. The terms of appointive members shall commence and terminate on March 1 of the beginning and ending years of their terms.(2)On or before October 1 of each year, the Office of the President of the University of California shall submit a written report to the regents, the Governor, and the\n\t\t\t\t\t appropriate policy and fiscal committees of the Legislature specifying its receipts and expenditures for the immediately preceding fiscal year. An appropriation for the Office of the President of the University of California shall be made only pursuant to an item in the annual Budget Bill relating solely to that office, and no other moneys appropriated by the Legislature shall be transferred or otherwise made available to that office.(b)(1)The terms of the members appointed before March 4, 2020, shall be 12 years. No member appointed by the Governor before March 4, 2020, may be appointed to the board for an additional term after the completion of his or her term.(2)Except as provided in paragraph (3), the terms of members appointed on and after March 4, 2020, shall be four years. A member appointed on or after March 4, 2020, may be appointed for up to two additional terms after the completion of his or her first\n\t\t\t\t\t term on the board.(3)(A)For a vacancy occurring upon the expiration of a term on March 1, 2020, the Governor shall appoint, and submit for consideration by the Senate, a faculty member of the University of California chosen from a list of four candidates submitted to the Governor by the Academic Senate of the University of California, who, upon approval by the Senate, shall serve a two-year term ending on March 1, 2022. This position shall subsequently be filled by persons appointed in the same manner as specified in this subparagraph, serving two-year terms.(B)For a vacancy occurring upon the expiration of a term on March 1, 2020, the Governor shall appoint, and submit for consideration by the Senate, an undergraduate student of the University of California with at least sophomore standing, chosen from a list of two to five candidates submitted to the\n\t\t\t\t\t Governor by the governing board of a statewide student organization that represents students of the university, who, upon approval by the Senate, shall serve a two-year term ending on March 1, 2022. This position shall subsequently be filled by persons appointed in the same manner as specified in this subparagraph, serving two-year terms. A person who serves on the board pursuant to an appointment made under this subparagraph shall have voting rights on the board only on and after the first March 1 that occurs after the date he or she becomes a member of the board.(C)For a vacancy occurring upon the expiration of a term on March 1, 2021, the Governor shall appoint, and submit for consideration by the Senate, a faculty member of the University of California chosen from a list of four candidates submitted to the Governor by the Academic Senate of the University of California, who, upon approval by the Senate, shall serve a two-year term ending\n\t\t\t\t\t on March 1, 2023. This position shall subsequently be filled by persons appointed in the same manner as specified in this subparagraph, serving two-year terms.(D)For a vacancy occurring upon the expiration of a term on March 1, 2021, the Governor shall appoint, and submit for consideration by the Senate, a graduate student of the University of California, who, upon approval by the Senate, shall serve a two-year term ending on March 1, 2023. This position shall subsequently be filled by persons appointed in the same manner as specified in this subparagraph, serving two-year terms. A person who serves on the board pursuant to an appointment made under this subparagraph shall have voting rights on the board only on and after the first March 1 that occurs after the date he or she becomes a member of the board.(E)For a vacancy occurring upon the expiration of a term on March 1, 2022, the Governor shall appoint, and submit for consideration by the Senate, a classified employee of the University of California chosen from a list of three candidates submitted to the Governor by the exclusive representatives of classified employees of the University of California who, upon approval by the Senate, shall serve a two-year term ending on March 1, 2024. This position shall subsequently be filled by persons appointed in the same manner as specified in this subparagraph, serving two-year terms.(4)In\n\t\t\t\t\t case of any vacancy, the term of office of the appointee to fill that vacancy, who shall be appointed by the Governor and approved by the Senate, a majority of the membership concurring, shall be for the balance of the term for which that vacancy exists.(c)Before March 4, 2020, the members of the board may, in their discretion, following procedures\n\t\t\t\t\t established by them and after consultation with representatives of faculty and students of the university, including appropriate officers of the academic senate and student governments, appoint to the board either or both of the following persons as members with all rights of participation: a member of the faculty at a campus of the university or of another institution of higher education, or a person enrolled as a student at a campus of the university for each regular academic term during his or her service as a member of the board. Any person so appointed shall serve for not less than one year commencing on July\n\t\t\t\t\t 1, provided that no member appointed pursuant to this subdivision shall serve on or after July 1, 2021.(d)Regents shall be able persons broadly reflective of the economic, cultural, and social diversity of the State, including ethnic minorities and women. However, it is not intended that formulas or specific ratios be applied in the selection of regents.(e)In the selection of the\n\t\t\t\t\t regents, the Governor shall consult an advisory committee composed as follows: the Speaker of the Assembly and two public members appointed by the Speaker, the President pro Tempore of the Senate and two public members appointed by the Senate Committee\n\t\t\t\t\t on Rules, two public members appointed by the Governor, the chairperson of the regents of the university, an alumnus or alumna of the university chosen by the alumni association of the university, a student of the university chosen by the Council of Student Body Presidents, and a member of the faculty of the university chosen by the academic senate of the university. Public members shall serve for four years, except that one each of the initially appointed members selected by the Speaker of the Assembly, the President\n\t\t\t\t\t pro\n\t\t\t\t\t Tempore of the Senate, and the Governor shall be appointed to serve for two years; student, alumni, and faculty members shall serve for one year and may not be regents of the university at the time of their service on the advisory committee.(f)(1)The Regents of the University of California shall be vested with the legal title and the management and disposition of the property of the university and of property held for its benefit. The regents shall have the power to take and hold, either by purchase or by donation, or gift, testamentary or otherwise, or in any other manner, without restriction, all\n\t\t\t\t\t real and personal property for the benefit of the university or incidentally to its\n\t\t\t\t\t conduct. However, sales of university real property shall be subject to such competitive bidding procedures as may be provided by statute.(2)The corporation shall also have all the powers necessary or convenient for the effective administration of its trust, including the power to sue and to be sued, to use a seal, and to delegate to its committees or to the faculty of the university, or to others, such authority or functions as it may deem wise.(3)No officer or employee of the university, other than a member of the faculty, shall receive compensation that exceeds two hundred thousand dollars ($200,000) per year unless that compensation is approved by vote of the regents in a public meeting. For purposes of this paragraph, “compensation” includes salary, retirement benefits and other benefits, perquisites, severance payments, and any other form of compensation.(4)The regents shall receive all funds derived from the sale of lands pursuant to the act of Congress of July 2, 1862, and any subsequent acts amendatory thereof. The university\n\t\t\t\t\t shall be entirely independent of all political or sectarian influence and kept free therefrom in the appointment of its regents and in the administration of its affairs, and no person shall be debarred admission to any department of the university on account of race, religion, ethnic heritage, or sex.(g)Meetings of the Regents of the University of California shall be public, with exceptions and notice requirements as may be provided by statute."],["topImageUrl",null],["error",null]]}]}],["text","【比新冠病毒更可怕的「歧視病毒」】\n\n⚠️⚠️ 傷害華人孩子的ACA-5法案即將通過！\n\n今天不抵制ACA-5，未來會有更多華裔孩子被傷害！最近幾天，因為疫情擴散導致華人被歧視，華裔族群被污名化的事情時有發生。更有甚者，甚至揮刀砍傷華裔兒童。\n\n現如今加州議會正要趁著疫情暗度陳倉，試圖通過ACA-5（Assembly Constitutional Amendment No. 5 眾議院憲法修改5號法案）\n\n這是一個傷害華裔，使膚色歧視合法化的法案。此法案一旦通過，加州這片土地上的公平競爭將不復存在。\n\n加州各大學即可實行種族配額。華裔孩子將可能因膚色和種族在大學申請競爭中處於絕對劣勢，失去入學機會。政府部門將考慮種族和性別因素來決定入學，雇傭，和政府合同競標。大量工作機會也將按照種族分配，對沒有族群優勢的華裔來說，後果非常嚴重。\n\n請加州這片土地上的華人不要再沈默了，一起簽名抵制ACA-5法案。繼續冷眼旁觀，明天孩子將無學可上，華裔將無工可作。請捫心自問，這是你想要的結果嗎？\n\n請全體在美華人團結一心，對所有傷害我們的行為說不！！\n\n⚠️ 請點擊下列鏈接，簽名抵制ACA-5:\n\nhttps://www.change.org/p/california-state-assembly-members-vote-no-to-aca-5\n\n⚠️\n加州議會的ACA5網頁\n https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=201920200ACA5&from=groupmessage&isappinstalled=0"],["id","vusqm0qlacqa"],["createdAt","2020-03-24T04:22:36.190Z"]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["replyCount",1],["references",{"__iterable":"List","data":[{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["type","LINE"]]}]}],["replyRequestCount",2],["user",{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["id","j4S8C_aLDBZJEJGJ3Lomo6A8o19GrR6GUdFQCvgDYGuuvVirc"],["name","乂忠厚的田中姬瑪乂"],["avatarUrl",null],["level",0]]}],["hyperlinks",{"__iterable":"List","data":[{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title",""],["url","https://www.onecoin.eu/zh/media-galleries"],["summary",""],["topImageUrl",null],["error","NOT_REACHABLE"]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title",""],["url","https://www.onecoin.eu/zh/press-kit"],["summary",""],["topImageUrl",null],["error","NOT_REACHABLE"]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","Suspected phishing site | Cloudflare"],["url","https://www.onelifeevents.eu/en/"],["summary","What is phishing?\n\n This link has been flagged as phishing. Phishing is an attempt to acquire personal information such as passwords and credit card details by pretending to be a trustworthy source.\n \n \n \n What can I do?\n\n If you're a visitor of this website\n The website owner has been notified and is in the process of resolving the issue. For now, it is recommended that you do not continue to the link that has been flagged.\n\n If you're the owner of this website\n Please log in to cloudflare.com to review your flagged website. If you have questions about why this was flagged as phishing please contact the Trust & Safety team for more information."],["topImageUrl",null],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","Suspected phishing site | Cloudflare"],["url","https://www.onelifeevents.eu/en/"],["summary","What is phishing?\n\n This link has been flagged as phishing. Phishing is an attempt to acquire personal information such as passwords and credit card details by pretending to be a trustworthy source.\n \n \n \n What can I do?\n\n If you're a visitor of this website\n The website owner has been notified and is in the process of resolving the issue. For now, it is recommended that you do not continue to the link that has been flagged.\n\n If you're the owner of this website\n Please log in to cloudflare.com to review your flagged website. If you have questions about why this was flagged as phishing please contact the Trust & Safety team for more information."],["topImageUrl",null],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","Deal Shaker"],["url","https://dealshaker.com/en/"],["summary",""],["topImageUrl",null],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","OneForex"],["url","https://oneforex.eu"],["summary","Update, December 16, 2022:Sebastian Greenwood, co-founder of OneCoin Multi-Billion-Dollar Cryptocurrency Pyramid Scheme “OneCoin” Pleads Guilty.Department of Justice U.S. Attorney’s Office Southern District of New YorkFOR IMMEDIATE RELEASEFriday, December 16, 2022 \n OneCoin\n Was a Fraudulent Cryptocurrency Marketed and Sold to Millions of \nVictims Around the World, Resulting in Billions of Dollars in Losses\n Damian\n Williams, the United States Attorney for the Southern District of New \nYork, announced today that KARL SEBASTIAN GREENWOOD, who co-founded \nOneCoin with RUJA IGNATOVA, a/k/a “the Cryptoqueen,” pled guilty today \nin Manhattan federal court to wire fraud and money laundering charges in\n connection with his participation in the massive OneCoin fraud scheme. \n OneCoin, which began operations in 2014 and was based in Sofia, \nBulgaria, marketed and sold a fraudulent cryptocurrency by the same name\n through a global multi-level-marketing (“MLM”) network. As a result of\n misrepresentations that GREENWOOD, IGNATOVA, and others made about \nOneCoin, victims invested over four billion dollars worldwide in the \nfraudulent cryptocurrency. Today, District Judge Edgardo Ramos accepted\n GREENWOOD’s guilty plea. IGNATOVA, who was added to the Federal Bureau\n of Investigation’s Top Ten Most Wanted List in June 2022, remains at \nlargeU.S. Attorney Damian Williams said: “As a founder and leader of OneCoin,\n Karl Sebastian Greenwood operated one of the largest international \nfraud schemes ever perpetrated. Greenwood and his co-conspirators, \nincluding fugitive Ruja Ignatova, conned unsuspecting victims out of \nbillions of dollars, claiming that OneCoin would be the ‘Bitcoin \nkiller.’ In fact, OneCoins were entirely worthless. Greenwood’s lies \nwere designed with one goal, to get everyday people all over the world \nto part with their hard-earned money — real money — and to line his own \npockets to the tune of hundreds of millions of dollars.https://www.justice.gov/usao-sdny/pr/co-founder-multi-billion-dollar-cryptocurrency-pyramid-scheme-onecoin-pleads-guilty Update, June 30, 2022: OneCoin's founder Ruja Ignatova has been added to the FBI's Ten Most Wanted Fugitives list. FBI is offering up to $ 100,000 reward for information leading to the arrest of Ruja Ignatova.FBI has created a special landing page for the public, victims and media: https://fbi.gov/rujaLive video footage of the FBI/SDNY press conference on June 30, 2022 regarding the addition of OneCoin founder Ruja Ignatova to the FBI's Ten Most Wanted Fugitives list. FBI posters of Ruja Ignatova on FBI's Ten Most Wanted Fugitives list:Englishباللغة العربيةНА РУССКОМНа българскиNë shqipΣτην ελληνικήAuf Deutsch Update, May 11, 2022:Ruja Ignatova has been added to the public side of the INTERPOL RED NOTICE -list. \"Dr Ruja IGNATOVA, Doctor of Law, is suspected of having, as the driving force and intellectual inventor of the alleged cryptocurrency \"OneCoin\", induced investors all over the world to invest in this actually worthless \"currency\".\"German Nordrhein-Westfalen police has released a warrant for Ruja Ignatova.Update, April 18, 2022: Bulgarian Ministry of Interior announced on April 18, 2022, that Ruja Ignatova has been declared internationally wanted at the request of the authorities in Germany. She has been reported to the Schengen Information System (SIS) and is set to be arrested and extradited on the basis of a European Arrest Warrant issued by the Bielefeld Court in Germany. Ignatova is wanted for criminal activity related to commercial fraud, progressive customer recruitment and money laundering by creating and distributing OneCoin virtual currency. She has been released from Bulgarian citizenship according to the Ministry of Interior. Update, October 8,2021:Attorney Johannes Bender who represents OneCoin victims in the secondary suit in the Münster OneCoin trial in Germany which starter on September 18, 2021, wrote about the OneCoin blockchain and fraud questions covered in court. MUST READ FOR ALL ONECOIN MEMBERS!----------------------------------------OneCoin company is a Bulgarian scam company operating without any regulatory financial or virtual currency licenses. OneCoin virtual currency is a fake-value coin existing only on OneCoin's OneEcosystem MLM website. Its fake \"value\" is announced by anonymous Bulgarians on exactly this 1 MLM website. This virtual coin is claimed to be a cryptocurrency by its marketing, but Onecoin has no cryptocurrency properties what so ever; no secure wallets, no public/private keys, no valid blockchain for users to verify their transactions. The scam concept is quite simple:Declare a fake value for OneCoin on OneEcosystem web site. Lure people to join this so called \"financial revolution\", and sell them MLM \"education packages\" which contain different amounts of promotional tokens depending on the MLM package price. Promotional tokens are multiplied via promotions and \"splits\". Then on the member BackOffice \"mine\" the promotional tokens to OneCoin (\"mining\" is a simple automatic division calculation). This results OneCoins for the member's OneEcosystem account with purported value even 10-200x higher than the MLM package price.This exactly same concept has been in use since OneCoin started in late 2014.But in reality OneCoin has no real value and it can't be exchanged to any crypto or fiat currency, or to any valued asset consistently. The time when OneCoin is finally supposed to become real is always \"coming soon\". OneCoin accounts are totally at the mercy of the Bulgarian OneCoin criminals, who\n can freeze member accounts any time they want, which they have done \nnumerous times to members who critisized Onecoin. \"Mining\" of coins in the OneCoin fraud scheme means just an exchange of intermediary \"promotional\" tokens from MLM packages (tokens are multiplied in numerous \"splits\", Wonder Wheel etc. promotions) to Onecoins using a certain ratio called \"difficulty factor\" by doing a division calculation. This is not the concept of a real cryptocurrency mining. OneCoin uses lexicon from the real cryptocurrency space in order to defraud members making them falsely believe that they are profitably \"mining\" a crypto coin.. An expert witness said at the German Münster trial in October 2021 :\"OneCoin does not consist of [promotional] tokens and is not created with the help of [promotional] tokens\". The members have been lied to from the beginning.OneEcosystem recently announced their White Paper, which doesn't explain in detail how promotional tokens from the MLM packages become Onecoins. They leave out the key fact that OneCoin \"mining\" is a simple division calculation, not any cryptocurrency mining. The White Paper further lies that the values are based on supply and demand, while in reality OneCoin's \"value\" is just proclaimed internally by the Bulgarian OneCoin criminals. There's obviously also no logical explanation for the promotional token multiplying via splits and promotions, which after \"mining\" create purported profit in fake value Onecoins.While OneCoin may have finally a working blockchain after 6-7 years, based on the Ethereum codebase running on their private server, it's all irrelevant what comes to the fraud; storing play money coins which have a fake euro value to any ledger, be it a blockchain or any other ledger, doesn't make it real money. By concentrating on explaining about the private Ethereum codebased blockchain in the White Paper, the Bulgarian OneCoin criminals conveniently avoid touching the core issues which make OneCoin/OneEcosystem a clear scam.OneCoin recently appointed a new Bulgarian CEO, Ventsislav Zlatkov. Marketing and promotion of the scam is operated by OneEcosystem/OneLife MLM network, which is led by convicted criminal robber Cordel \"KingJayms\" James from Trinidad & Tobago.Contrary to any legit European financial or virtual currency service company, OneCoin operates totally unlicensed and unregulated and is warned by countless financial regulatory agencies around the world. OneCoin is stated to be a \"massive international fraud scheme\" by the United States Department of Justice. Ex-head of OneCoin, Konstantin Ignatov, has testified in US court, testifying that OneCoin is worthless and a fraud scheme. The Bulgarian OneCoin scam operators announce OneCoin fake value as 42.5€ and a fake market-cap of (ridiculous) Trillions of Euros on their MLM Portal, promoters claiming it to be bigger project than Apple.In reality, OneCoin doesn't have a market defined value, there's no exchange where OneCoin could be exchanged to any real currency. Thus OneCoin has no real market-capitalization. It has Trillions of euros of fake value supply as virtual coins on member accounts, but practically no demand, which means the coin is generally worthless, just as Konstantin Ignatov testified. This makes OneCoin also an already collapsed ponzi, which still has some active promoters left who try to attract gullible people with MLM packages claiming to create a huge value in Dealshaker, or even claiming that OneCoin will become a world currency. Despite continuing efforts OneCoin recruiting has collapsed compared to the levels what it was 3-4 years ago.Unsurprisingly OneCoin company doesn't accept its own coin for service fee payments, but accepts euros and bitcoins. A large percentage of members have account problems, and the company is collecting service fees from them, but still many members can't access their accounts since around September 2020.Dealshaker is OneCoin's low traffic unpopular \"e-commerce\" website only for the OneEcosystem members, but only a small percentage of members have ever used it. Most deals are hybrid Euro+One deals, in which the Euro part already covers or exceeds the actual value of the product. As OneCoin has no real value, by far the most deals are not attractive and require euros as well. Fake deals have plagued Dealshaker, especially fake car and real estate scam deals, where people have lost a lot of money. A pseudo-compliancy of the OneCoin fraud scheme's \"business model\" is claimed with the usual education package explanation. Of course the real reason people have been lured to pay big money for the MLM packages, are the multiplying tokens, and the claimed fake value of Onecoin and its \"amazing future\" which is always \"coming soon\". There's an active indictment against Ruja Ignatova by the US Department of Justice. Ruja faces 85 years in prison. There is an active international arrest warrant for her issued by both USA and more recently by Germany,\"Manhattan U.S. Attorney Announces Charges Against Leaders Of “OneCoin,” A Multibillion-Dollar Pyramid Scheme Involving The Sale Of A Fraudulent Cryptocurrency.Current Leader Konstantin Ignatov Arrested at Los Angeles International Airport\":https://www.justice.gov/usao-sdny/pr/manhattan-us-attorney-announces-charges-against-leaders-onecoin-multibillion-dollarKonstantin Ignatov (brother of Ruja) acted as the head of OneCoin after Ruja disappeared in October 2017, and was arrested on March 6, 2019, has pleaded guilty on 4 charges in United States Southern District New York :1. Count 1 - Conspiracy to Commit Wire fraud2. Count 2 - Wire Fraud3. Count 3 - Conspiracy to Commit Money Laundering4. Count 4 - Conspiracy to Commit Bank FraudKonstantin pleaded guilty on these charges by signing a plea agreement letter on October 4, 2019.The letter (Government Exhibit 901) can be seen here: https://www.scribd.com/document/434747259/On-OneCoin-Cooperator-Konstantin-Ignatov-s-Plea-Agreement-for-5K1-letteror here: https://imgur.com/a/noD3dBAAfter that, Konstantin became an active Government witness against OneCoin, which he still today is.On November 5,6 and 7 of 2019, Konstantin testified in Mark Scott trial during 3 days against OneCoin, admitting and confirming in great detail that OneCoin is a scam, the coin is worthless, and there's no valid blockchain.The transcripts of the Mark Scott trial where Konstantin was testifying are freely available for all to read here:November 5,2019: https://www.courtlistener.com/docket/7829201/187/united-states-v-scott/(starting from PDF page 95)November 6,2019: https://www.courtlistener.com/docket/7829201/189/united-states-v-scott/(starting from PDF page 14)November 7,2019: https://www.courtlistener.com/docket/7829201/191/united-states-v-scott/(starting from PDF page 23)At the end of February 2021, after sitting nearly 2 years in different detention centers, Konstantin was able to get to home arrest while waiting for his witness cooperation to end, and eventually his sentencing to take place. Now that Konstantin is in house arrest and can use Internet, he has deleted all OneCoin material from his personal Facebook page https://www.facebook.com/konsti.keks------------------------------ Significant OneCoin USA Federal Court Dates: David Pike sentencing: March 1, 2022 Sentenced - 2 years probation Gilbert Armenta sentencing: February 16, 2023 sentenced to 5 years in prisonSebastian Greenwood has pleaded guilty. Sentenced to 20 years in prisonMark Scott convicted, sentencing date: December 12, 2023Irina Dilkinska pleaded guilty. Sentencing: February 14, 2024Konstantin Ignatov sentencing control (a check if his witness cooperation has been completed. If not, a new control date will be set): February 28, 2024Ruja Ignatova: remains at largeFollow real time OneCoin scam updates: https://twitter.com/CryptoXpose"],["topImageUrl",null],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","Onelife維卡幣同好大會｜Accupass 活動通"],["url","https://www.accupass.com/event/1804041523578575984850#:~:text=%E5%88%86%E4%BA%AB,ID%20number%2025023938"],["summary","本次講座，我們將討論Dealshaker 上的支付與OneForex的外匯交易，還有因應10/8後，我們如何用維卡幣環遊世界。"],["topImageUrl",null],["error",null]]}]}],["text","\"\n分享\nApp 開啟\n\n商業\nOnelife維卡幣同好大會\n1,050\n0\n\n儒易の財富花園\n\n聯絡主辦\n2018.04.15 (日) 13:30 - 16:00 (GMT+8)\n加入行事曆\n新北巿林口區麗園路23號\n公車坐至：麗園國小站\n\n相關連結\n\n臉書活動頁\ncryptocurrency\ndealshaker\n虛擬貨幣\n壹幣\n數位加密貨幣\noneforex\nblockchain\n維卡幣\nonecoin\n萊特幣\n萬幣\n電子商務\n數字貨幣\nlitecoin\n跨境電商\n區塊鏈\nbitcoin\n比特幣\n活動資訊\nOneLife官方介紹-未來的支付-維卡幣onecoin\n\n\n2018 維卡幣商城在義大利的發展\n\n\n維卡幣Dealshaker商城如何進行掃碼支付歐洲的酒店住宿？\n\n\n維卡幣官方資訊\n\n1.關於維卡幣 (onecoin)的介紹：https://www.onecoin.eu/zh/media-galleries\n2.維卡幣Q&A問答集（任何疑問，可在此獲得解答）：https://www.onecoin.eu/zh/press-kit\n3.維卡幣近期各國活動資訊：https://www.onelifeevents.eu/en/\n4.One Academy 壹學院—教導客戶金融基礎知識、投資理財觀念、認識虛擬貨幣之線上學習平台：https://www.onelifeevents.eu/en/\n5.Dealshaker—第一個電子商務平臺維卡幣生態系統的一部分，該平臺允許企業對客戶和客戶對客戶以現金和新時代的、大眾性的加密貨幣維卡幣結帳的交易。https://dealshaker.com/en/\n6.OneForex —外匯交易平台，通過線上的創新培訓計畫，你將學習如何發現外匯市場的走向和如何利用優勢：https://oneforex.eu\n\n媒體報導【2017/12/17】\n\nCroatia national newspaper is reporting about ONECOIN!!! ONE is conquering all Talking also about all market trend, timing and of course usability of the ONE that has the best potential on the market as being also centralized crypto currency that will come to public market in 2018. Strategy is correct!\n\n克羅地亞國家報紙報導ONECOIN！！！報中討論了市場趨勢、時機和易用性，ONE是市場上最具潛力的，也是將于2018年上市的集中式加密貨幣。 \n\n\n\n澳大利亞商業日報\n\n\n\n\n你可能會喜歡這些活動\n\n\n2023.12.02 (六) - 12.03 (日)\n\n獎勵青年投入地方創生行動成果發表會暨市集\n\n台北市\n#地方創生\n\n1570\n\n19\n\n2023.12.02 (六) - 12.16 (六)\n\n《原嶼伯樂品酩饕宴》\n\n台北市\n#威士忌\n\n24126\n\n98\n\n2023.12.08 (五)\n\n📸KOL 網紅行銷全攻略，打造高效益行銷策略🔮 | 活動通了沒 #3\n\n台北市\n#短影音行銷\n\n5060\n\n93\n\n2023.11.10 (五) - 12.24 (日)\n\n梭織體驗｜12月｜中壢｜手作梭織萬用布墊基礎織布體驗居家裝飾 Art Weaving\n\n桃園市\n#handmade\n\n994\n\n25\n\n2023.10.14 (六) - 12.09 (六)\n\n向自然學習的料理關係\n\n台中市\n#弘道\n\n1166\n\n21\n\n2023.11.24 (五) - 12.16 (六)\n\n旅日小說「東方版的飄－異域紅塵」時空讀書會\n\n台北市\n#導讀會\n\n659\n\n8\n\n2023.11.26 (日)\n\nIN艋舺 · 文化散步\n\n台北市\n#剝皮寮\n\n1000\n\n30\n\n2023.07.29 (六) - 12.23 (六)\n\n2023無限進步教練讀書會\n\n線上活動\n#職場必備技能\n\n2012\n\n18\n\n2023.12.02 (六)\n\n12/02 (六)-周末場【假面舞會-經典版】社交解謎遊戲－一同多人解謎社交遊戲，認識朋友\n\n台北市\n#輕鬆交友\n\n1157\n\n51\n\n2023.11.25 (六)\n\n【產品經理職人系列】新產品開發企劃書撰寫 11/25(六)線上課程\n\n線上活動\n#一頁企劃書書\n\n651\n\n37\n\n2023.12.23 (六)\n\n【NLP+孵化你的職涯發展藍圖】 — 梳理迷惘，聽見潛藏在心底的聲音\n\n台北市\n#COVID-FREE\n\n583\n\n29\n\n2023.11.23 (四)\n\n風傳媒《女性未來力》論壇｜突破傳統・展現自我\n\n台北市\n#性別\n\n16669\n\n82\n主辦\n喜歡\n已結束\n舉辦活動\n常見問題\n首次舉辦活動\n活動上架規範\n活動人社群\n主辦百寶箱\n生活誌\n平台基礎服務\n線上活動相關\n廣告曝光方案\nACCUPAI 雲攝影\n認識我們\n加入我們\n客服中心\nEmail: service@accupass.com\n週一至週五 10:00-18:30\n詢問小幫手\n關於我們\n\n\n\n\n語言\n盈科泛利股份有限公司 © Accuvally Inc. All Rights Reserved. 統一編號 Tax ID number 25023938\"\n https://www.accupass.com/event/1804041523578575984850#:~:text=%E5%88%86%E4%BA%AB,ID%20number%2025023938"],["id","nafgyfi8h817"],["createdAt","2023-11-22T11:14:02.672Z"]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["replyCount",1],["references",{"__iterable":"List","data":[{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["type","LINE"]]}]}],["replyRequestCount",1],["user",{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["id","j4S8C_8SU6w_lKU8142Pd-hyVJRULJNF7mjehuE3om7Vc6i8c"],["name","滿足的✖東勢✖艾薇拉"],["avatarUrl",null],["level",0]]}],["hyperlinks",{"__iterable":"List","data":[{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","Diabetes drug is promising Alzheimer's treatment after 'significantly reversing' memory loss"],["url","http://www.independent.co.uk/news/health/alzheimers-diabetes-drug-memory-loss-reverse-disease-treatment-degenerative-a8133681.html"],["summary","A drug developed for type 2 diabetes significantly reverses memory loss and could have potential as a new treatment for Alzheimer’s disease and other neurodegenerative diseases, scientists say.\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n \n \n \n The study, by UK and Chinese universities, is the first to look at a new combined diabetes drug and found improvements in several characteristic symptoms of Alzheimer’s.\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n \n \n \n Lead researcher Professor Christian Holscher, from Lancaster University, said these “very promising outcomes” show multi-action drugs developed for type 2 diabetes “consistently show neurological protective effects”.\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n \n \n \n Independent academics said a reduction in nerve-cell-killing protein molecules was particularly interesting and this was likely to be another avenue in the search for an elusive drug to combat dementia.\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n \n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n \n \n \n He has previously reported optimistic findings from an older diabetes drug, liraglutide, and clinical trials in humans are currently under way.\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n \n \n \n This latest study, published in the journal Brain Research, looked at a “triple action” treatment that combine three different drugs for type 2 diabetes, acting on biological pathways that could also have an impact on dementia.\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n Type 2 diabetes is a known risk factor for Alzhemier’s disease and impaired production of insulin – the hormone that people with diabetes don’t produce sufficiently to control their blood sugar – is linked to brain degeneration.\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n \n \n \n The identification of this link had a twofold benefit, according to charities.\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n \n \n \n It opened up new research and drug development opportunities, such as this study.\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n \n \n \n But it also means that by making lifestyle changes, like eating healthily and exercising, patients can avoid developing type-2 diabetes and lower their risk of Alzheimer’s disease as well.\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n \n \n \n There are currently half a million people living with Alzheimer’s disease in the UK and more than five million people with diabetes, both conditions pose a major cost to the NHS, and health systems worldwide.\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n The treatment in this study combined; GLP-1, GIP and glucagon, which, like insulin protect against neurological deterioration, and tested them in mice with genetic mutations that cause Alzheimer’s disease.\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n \n \n \n After two months of daily injections the mice were shown to significantly improve their performance in a maze designed to test memory.\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n \n \n \n Treated mice also had lower levels of proteins which clump together and form plaques in the brains of people with Alzheimer’s disease, inhibiting nerve cells’ ability to communicate and causing them to die.\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n \n \n \n The study also found these mice lost nerve cells to the disease at a slower rate and had lower levels of nerve inflammation.\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n \n \n \n It concludes that the triple treatment “holds clear promise of being developed into a new treatment for chronic neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease”.\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \nThe seven Alzheimer's risk factors\n\n\n\n\n \n\n\n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n \n\n \n \n \n The Alzheimer’s Society, a charity which part-funded the latest study research, said that after 15 years without a new drug for Alzheimer’s disease the promising results from these crossover treatments, which are already known to be safe for humans, are likely to bring earliest benefits.\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n \n \n \n Professor Holscher added that further tests to compare its benefits against other potential treatments, and its effects in humans were needed.\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n \n \n \n But Professor John Hardy, a professor of neuroscience, at University College London who was not involved in the trial, said the study was “a first step, at best” towards a Alzheimer’s drug for humans.\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n \n \n \n “The results showing less amyloid deposition of amyloid in mice treated with glucagon receptor stimulating drugs is interesting,” he said.\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n “However, it should be noted that several other drugs have shown positive results in mice models of Alzheimer’s disease and then failed in human trials.”\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Dr David Reynolds, chief scientific officer at Alzheimer’s Research UK, echoed this, but added: “There is a long road between studies that show an effect in animals and treatments in the hands of patients, and scientists will only be able to realise the potential of promising findings like these if we continue to invest in research.”"],["topImageUrl","https://static.independent.co.uk/s3fs-public/thumbnails/image/2015/04/14/21/web-alzheimers-2-alamy.jpg"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","Neuroprotective effects of a triple GLP-1/GIP/glucagon receptor agonist in the APP/PS1 transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer's disease"],["url","https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0006899317304596"],["summary","AbstractType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a risk factor for Alzheimer disease (AD). Previous studies have shown that the incretin hormones glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) that have anti-diabetic properties show very promising effects in animal models of AD. Glucagon (Gcg) is a hormone and growth-factor, and the Gcg receptor is expressed in the brain. Here we test the effects of a triple receptor agonist (TA), which activates GIP-1, GIP and glucagon receptors at the same time. In the present study, the effects of the TA were evaluated in the APP/PS1 transgenic mouse model of AD. The TA was injected once-daily (10 nmol/kg i.p.) for two months. The results showed that treatment with TA significantly reversed the memory deficit in the APP/PS1 mice in a spatial water maze test. Moreover, the drug reduced levels of the mitochondrial pro-apoptotic signaling molecule BAX, increased the anti-apoptotic signaling molecule Bcl-2 and enhanced the levels of BDNF, a key growth factor that protects synaptic function. Levels of synaptophysin were enhanced, demonstrating protection from synaptic loss that is observed in AD. Neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus was furthermore enhanced as shown in the increase of doublecortin positive cells. Furthermore, TA treatment reduced the total amount of β-amyloid, reduced neuroinflammation (activated microglia and astrocytes), and oxidative stress in the cortex and hippocampus. Thus, these findings show that novel TAs are a promising lead for the design of future treatment strategies in AD.Previous Next KeywordsInflammationGrowth factorBDNFBrainInsulinNeurodegeneration1. IntroductionAlzheimer’s disease (AD), is a progressive neurodegenerative disease, characterized clinically by progressive memory loss, cognitive decline, and aberrant behavior [1]. Currently, there is no treatment can improve this condition. Epidemiological studies have shown that type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a risk factor for Alzheimer disease (AD) (Luchsinger et al., 2004, Ohara et al., 2011). The underlying mechanism is most likely that insulin signaling is impaired in the brains of AD patients (Moloney et al., 2010, Talbot et al., 2012). This motivated research in drugs that have shown good effects in treating diabetes to investigate if they could be helpful in treating AD as well. Previous studies have shown that the incretin hormones glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) can play a neuroprotective role in the brain and show very promising effects in animal models of AD (Duffy and Holscher, 2013, Faivre and Holscher, 2013b, Li et al., 2010, McClean et al., 2011, McClean and Holscher, 2014). Glucagon (Gcg) is a hormone and growth-factor, and the Gcg receptor is expressed in the brain (Hoosein and Gurd, 1984, Mayo et al., 2003). Activation of the receptor can activate neuronal activity and cellular Ca2+ signaling and may have neuroprotective properties (Ayush et al., 2015). Here we test the effects of a triple receptor agonist (TA), which activates GIP-1, GIP and glucagon receptors at the same time. This novel drug has been developed as a potential treatment for diabetes (Finan et al., 2015). No studies have been published that test the neuroprotective effects of this novel drug. We therefore tested this promising TA in the APPSWE/PS1dE9 mouse model of AD. This mouse model recapitulates some of the hallmarks of AD, such as memory loss, synaptic loss, reduction of synaptic plasticity, reduction of neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus, chronic inflammation in the brain, and formation of amyloid plaques in the brain (Duffy and Holscher, 2013, Goto et al., 2008, Hamilton et al., 2011, Hamilton and Holscher, 2012, McClean et al., 2011). We tested the effects of TA in this transgenic mouse model and evaluated the neuroprotective effects. We analyzed memory formation, hippocampal neurogenesis, the expression levels of Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) (Blurton-Jones et al., 2009), mitochondrial apoptosis signaling proteins, neuroinflammation and oxidative stress levels.2. Results2.1. TA-treatment improved the learning and memory impairment of APP/PS1 mice in the water mazeA two-way ANOVA found a significant difference between groups (p < 0.0001) and over time (p < 0.001). In the Morris water test, it was observed that the control mice, APP/PS1 mice and TA-treated APP/PS1 mice had a similar escape latency (P > 0.05). On day 5, the average escape distance in searching for the hidden platform in the APP/PS1 mice was significantly longer than that in the control mice (P < 0.05). Compared to the APP/PS1 group, the TA-treated APP/PS1 group’s average escape distance was decreased (P < 0.01). There was no difference in swimming speed among these three groups in training days (P > 0.05).Then on day 6, the platform was removed and the probe trail test was conducted. A one way ANOVA analysis showed an overall difference between groups. The APP/PS1 mice spent less time in the target quadrant (P < 0.01) and had fewer times passing through the original position of the hidden platform (P < 0.01), compared with control mice. In the TA-treated APP/PS1 group, the time spent in target quadrant (P < 0.05) and the frequencies to cross the platform significantly increased (P < 0.05), compared to the APP/PS1 group Fig. 1.Download high-res image (302KB)Download full-size imageFig. 1. The novel TA improved the learning ability of APP/PS1 mice in the spatial water maze task. (A) The escape latency and swimming speed in the training trails. (B) The percentage of time in target quadrant and crossing platform times in the probe trials. The circle indicates the position of the platform during acquisition (C) Representative swimming tracks of the probe trial. * = P < .05, ** = P < .01 compared to the control group, ## = P < .01, # = P < .05 compared to the APP/PS1 group; Two-way ANOVA with Bonferroni repeated measures post hoc tests.2.2. TA-treatment ameliorated amyloid plaques in the brains of APP/PS1 miceIn the immunohistochemical analysis, we analyzed the amount of amyloid plaques present in the brains of APP-PS1 mice. A one-way ANOVA found an overall difference on the amyloid deposits in the cortex (F = 31.10, P < 0.0001) and the hippocampus (F = 30.38, P < 0.0001) of mice between groups. The Aβ1-42 depositions in the cortex and hippocampus of the APP/PS1 mice were significantly higher than that in the control mice (P < 0.001), while TA-treatment group significantly decreased the deposition (P < 0.001) compared to the APP/PS1 group. N = 6 per group. See Fig. 2.Download high-res image (211KB)Download full-size imageFig. 2. TA treatment reduced amyloid deposits in the cortex and hippocampus of APP/PS1 mice. A, D: control group; B, E: APP/PS1 group; C, F: APP/PS1+TA group. Scale bar in image D: 100 μm. *** = P < .001 compared to the control group; ### = P < .001 compared to the APP/PS1 group. One-way ANOVA with Bonferroni repeated measures post hoc tests. N = 6 per group.2.3. TA-treatment reduced the chronic inflammation response in the cortex and hippocampus of the APP/PS1 miceIn the immunohistochemical analysis, an anti-GFAP antibody was used as an indication of activated astrocytes. A one-way ANOVA found an overall difference on the GFAP expression in the cortex (F = 77.03, P < 0.0001) and the hippocampus (F = 86.51, P < 0.0001) of mice between groups. The levels of GFAP in the cortex and hippocampus of the APP/PS1 mice were significantly higher than that in the control mice (P < 0.001), while TA-treatment group significantly decreased (P < 0.001) compared to the APP/PS1 group. N = 6 per group. See Fig. 3.Download high-res image (362KB)Download full-size imageFig. 3. TA-treatment reduced the number of GFAP positive cells in the cortex and hippocampus of APP/PS1 mice. A, D: control group; B, E: APP/PS1 group; C, F: APP/PS1+TA. Scale bar in image D: 50μm. A higher magnification image has been added to show stained astroglia. *** = P < .001 compared with the control group; ### = P < .001 compared with the APP/PS1 group. One-way ANOVA with Bonferroni repeated measures post hoc tests. N = 6 per group.In the immunohistochemical analysis, an anti-IBA1 antibody was used as an indication of microglia activation. A one-way ANOVA found an overall difference on the IBA-1 expression in the cortex (F = 28.71, P < 0.0001) and the hippocampus (F = 66.42, P < 0.0001) of mice between groups. The levels of IBA-1 in the cortex and hippocampus of the APP/PS1 mice were significantly higher than that in the control mice (P < 0.001), while TA-treatment group significantly decreased (P < 0.001, P < 0.01) compared to the APP/PS1 group. N = 6 per group. See Fig. 4.Download high-res image (347KB)Download full-size imageFig. 4. TA treatment reversed the increase of IBA-1 positive cells in the cortex and hippocampus of APP/PS1 mice. A, D: control group; B, E: APP/PS1 group; C, F: APP/PS1+TA group. Scale bar in image D: 100 μm. A higher magnification image has been added to show stained microglia. *** = P < .001 compared to the control group; ## = P < .01, ### = P < .001 compared to the APP/PS1 group. One-way ANOVA with Bonferroni repeated measures post hoc tests. N = 6 per group.2.4. TA-treatment suppressed oxidative stress in the cortex and hippocampus of APP /PS1 miceIn the immunohistochemical analysis, 4-HNE was measured as an indicator of lipid peroxidation. A one-way ANOVA found an overall difference on the 4-HNE expression in the cortex (F = 60.60, P < 0.0001) and the hippocampus (F = 35.22, P < 0.0001) of mice between groups. The expressions of 4-HNE in the cortex and hippocampus of the APP/PS1 mice were significantly higher than that in the control mice (P < 0.001), while TA-treatment group significantly decreased (P < 0.001) compared to the APP/PS1 group. N = 6 per group, see Fig. 5a.Download high-res image (397KB)Download full-size imageFig. 5. Oxidative stress was reduced by the TA. 5A. TA-treatment reduced the increase of 4-HNE levels in the cortex and hippocampus in APP/PS1 mice. A, D: control group; B, E: APP/PS1 group; C, F: APP/PS1+TA group. Scale bar in image D: 100 μm. *** = P < .001 compared with controls; ###=P < .001 compared to the APP/PS1 group. 5B. TA treatment reduced the increase of 8-OHdG levels in the cortex and hippocampus of APP/PS1 mice. A, D: control group; B, E: APP/PS1 group; C, F: APP/PS1+TA group. Scale bar in image D: 100 μm. *** = P < .001 compared to the control group; ## = P < .01, ### = P < .001 compared with the APP/PS1 group. One-way ANOVA with Bonferroni repeated measures ***post hoc tests. N = 6 per group.In the immunohistochemical analysis, 8-OHdG was measured as an indicator of DNA oxidation. A one-way ANOVN found an overall difference on the 8-OHdG expression in the cortex (F = 38.72, P < 0.0001) and the hippocampus (F = 56.60, P < 0.0001) of mice between groups. The expressions of 8-OHdG in the cortex and hippocampus of the APP/PS1 mice were significantly higher than that in the control mice (P < 0.001), while TA-treatment group significantly decreased (P < 0.01, P < 0.001) compared to the APP/PS1 group. N = 6 per group, see Fig. 5b.2.5. TA-treatment increased immature neurons in the dentate gyrus of APP/PS1 miceIn the immunohistochemical analysis, numbers of neurogenesis, assessed by doublecortin (DCX). A one-way ANOVN found an overall difference on the DCX positive cell in the dentate gyrus (F = 43.61, P < 0.0001) of mice between groups. The numbers of DCX were much reduced in the APP/PS1 mice (P < 0.001) compared to the control mice. While TA-treatment partially prevented the reduction (P < 0.001) compared to the APP/PS1 mice. N = 6 per group. See Fig. 6.Download high-res image (169KB)Download full-size imageFig. 6. TA-treatment enhanced neurogenesis and increased numbers of DCX positive cell numbers in the dentate gyrus of APP/PS1 mice. A: control group; B: APP/PS1 group; C: APP/PS1+TA group. Scale bar in image A: 100 μm. *** = P < .001 compared with the control group; ### = P < .001 compared with the APP/PS1 group. One-way ANOVA with Bonferroni repeated measures post hoc tests. N = 6 per group.2.6. TA-treatment reversed the decrease of BDNF levels in the hippocampus of APP/PS1 miceBDNF, a key neurotrophic factor in the brain, was detected by Western blot analysis. A one-way ANOVA found an overall difference between groups (F = 20.01, P < 0.001). The expression of BDNF in hippocampus was reduced in APP/PS1 group (P < 0.001) compared to the control group. TA-treatment reversed the decreased (P < 0.05) compared to the APP/PS1 group. N = 6 per group. See Fig. 7a.Download high-res image (304KB)Download full-size imageFig. 7. A) TA-treatment increased levels of BDNF in the hippocampus of APP/PS1 mice. *** = P < .001compared with the control group; # = P < .05 compared with the APP/PS1 group. N = 6 per group. B) TA-treatment increased levels of synaptophysin in the hippocampus of APP/PS1 mice. *** = P < .001 compared with the control group; ## = P < .01 compared with the APP/PS1 group. N = 6 per group. C) TA-treatment increased the ratio of BAX/Bcl-2 in the hippocampus of APP/PS1 mice. *** = P < .001 compared with the control group; ### = P < .001 compared with the APP/PS1 group. One-way ANOVA with Bonferroni repeated measures post hoc tests. N = 6 per group.2.7. TA-treatment reversed the reduction of synaptophysin levelsSynaptophysin (SYN), a synaptic markers, was detected by Western blot analysis. A one-way ANOVA found an overall difference between groups (F = 20.46, P < 0.001). The level of SYN in hippocampus was decreased in the APP/PS1 group (P < 0.001) compared to the control group. While TA-treatment prevent the reduction (P < 0.01) compared to the APP/PS1 group. N = 6 per group. See Fig. 7b.2.8. TA-treatment showed potential anti-apoptotic effects by decreasing the BAX/Bcl-2 ratio in APP/PS1 miceThe expression of apoptotic proteins, including Bcl-2 (that suppress apoptosis) and BAX (that promotes apoptosis), was detected by Western blot analysis. A one-way ANOVA found an overall difference between groups (F = 77.64, P < 0.001). The ratio of BAX/Bcl-2 in hippocampus was increased (P < 0.001) compared to the control group. While TA-treatment partly decreased the ratio of BAX/Bcl-2 (P < 0.001) compared to the APP/PS1 group. N = 6 per group. See Fig. 7c.3. DiscussionThe results demonstrate for the first time that the novel GLP-1/GIP/Gcg receptor agonist has clear neuroprotective effects in the APP/PS1 mouse model of AD. Memory formation in the spatial water maze task was improved by the drug, and the amyloid plaque load in the cortex and hippocampus was reduced. This result confirms our previous findings that single GLP-1 or GIP analogues can protect from memory loss in this mouse model of AD (Faivre and Holscher, 2013a, Faivre and Holscher, 2013b, McClean et al., 2011, McClean and Holscher, 2014). The chronic inflammation response as seen in the activation of microglia and astrocytes is much reduced by the novel TA, similar to single GLP-1 or GIP receptor agonists (Duffy and Holscher, 2013, Ji et al., 2016a, McClean et al., 2011). Levels of the peroxidized lipid 4-HNE that also acts as a pro-apoptotic signal in mitochondria have been reduced by the TA. 4-HNE is one of the markers of membrane lipid peroxidation induced by cytotoxic radicals such as OH. 4-HNE has cytotoxic, mutagenic and genotoxic properties and 4-HNE is reported to stimulate apoptosis via caspase 3 activation and by inducing mitochondrial damage as shown in cytochrome c release (Ji et al., 2001). The levels of the mitochondrial apoptosis signal BAX (Kim et al., 2005) were also reduced. Importantly, the anti-apoptotic signaling molecule B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) which is active in functioning mitochondria that have normal inner membrane voltage potentials (Kavitha et al., 2013) is upregulated by the TA, adding to the neuroprotective effect. The level of chronic oxidative stress as measure by the levels of the oxidized nucleotide 8-Hydroxiguanosine (8-OHdG) was also reduced by the drug. Neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus was normalized. Importantly, the levels of the key growth factor BDNF were normalized in the brain. BDNF has shown clear neuroprotective effects in a range of animal models of disease (Allen et al., 2013, Benedetti et al., 2014, Blurton-Jones et al., 2009, Nagahara et al., 2013). An important factor of BNDF activity is that it maintains synaptic activity and protects synapses from stressors (Kuipers and Bramham, 2006). The observation that the synaptic marker synaptophysin was expressed at normal levels after TA treatment also indicates that synaptic numbers and function was improved in the AD mouse. We have shown previously that GLP-1 and GIP analogues protect synapses from amyloid induced stress and keeps them functional (Faivre and Holscher, 2013b, Gault and Holscher, 2008a, Gault and Holscher, 2008b, McClean and Holscher, 2014).Recently, multiple receptor agonists have been developed to treat type II diabetes (Finan et al., 2013, Finan et al., 2015). We have tested novel dual GLP-1/GIP receptor agonists that showed good neuroprotective effects that are superior to single GLP-1 analogues (Cao et al., 2016, Jalewa et al., 2017, Ji et al., 2016b, Yuan et al., 2017). The novel dual agonist DA3-CH was found to be superior to liraglutide in a mouse model of Parkinson’s disease (Yuan et al., 2017), demonstrating that the strategy of activating more than one incretin receptor type offers an advantage over single receptor agonists. Here, we show that a novel triple receptor agonist also shows promise as a potential treatment for AD, but further dose–response tests and direct comparisons with other drugs have to be conducted in order to evaluate if this new drug is superior to previous ones.GLP-1, GIP and glucagon are members of the growth factor family (Hölscher, 2016). Their respective receptors are classic 7-membrane spanning domain, G-protein coupled receptors that activate cAMP synthesis (Campbell and Drucker, 2013, Doyle and Egan, 2007, Holst et al., 2011). The activation of the second messenger cascade cAMP-PKA-CREB induces a number of cytoprotective processes, including the normalization of energy utilization, cell repair and growth-factor related gene expression (Holscher, 2014, Jalewa et al., 2016, Perry and Greig, 2004, Sharma et al., 2013). Importantly, GLP-1 and GIP also have anti-inflammatory properties. Astroglia and microglia express the receptors, and activating these reduce the inflammation response (Duffy and Holscher, 2013, Jalewa et al., 2017, Parthsarathy and Holscher, 2013, Spielman et al., 2017). Chronic inflammation is a main driver of neurodegenerative disorders, and a reduction of the inflammation in the brain shows protective effects (Akiyama et al., 2000, Clark et al., 2012, Lee et al., 2010).Based on the impressive preclinical data that demonstrate neuroprotection of such drugs, clinical trials have started that investigate the neuroprotective effects of the GLP-1 receptor agonists exendin-4 (Byetta, Bydureon®) and liraglutide (Victoza®) in patients with AD or with Parkinson disease (PD). A pilot study testing the GLP-1 analogue liraglutide in AD patients showed promising results. In a double blind, placebo controlled trial, AD patients showed no deterioration in brain activity as measured in the 18FDG-PET scan after 12 months of drug treatment. In contrast, the placebo group showed clear reductions in cortical activity as expected for this progressive neurodegenerative disease (Gejl et al., 2016). A phase II clinical trial is currently ongoing (Hölscher, 2016). A pilot trial testing exendin-4 in PD patients has shown good effects (NCT01174810). This open-label study tested the effects of exendin-4 in 45 patients. There were clear improvements in the motor coordination as shown in the MDS-UPDRS part 3 assessment, and cognition was improved as measured by the Mattis DRS-2 test battery that had been designed to evaluate cognitive impairments in PD patients (Aviles-Olmos et al., 2013). Patients were re-tested 12 months later, and the differences in motor performance and cognitive scores were still visible (Aviles-Olmos et al., 2014). A phase II double-blind, placebo controlled clinical trial that tested the once-weekly formulation of exendin-4, Bydureon®, confirmed the results of the pilot study. The drug group did not deteriorate in the MDS-UPDRS part 3 assessment after 48 weeks of treatment, and after 12 weeks of a wash-out period, the disease-modifying effect was still visible. In contrast, the placebo group deteriorated over time as would be expected in this disease (Athauda et al., 2017). In addition, a phase II trial testing liraglutide in PD patients has started, testing patients in a double blind, placebo controlled trial for one year (NCT02953665). A further clinical trial testing the GLP-1 receptor agonist Lixisenatide in PD patients is in planning.These very promising preclinical and the first clinical outcomes demonstrate the efficacy of these novel multiple receptor agonists that originally were developed to treat type II diabetes, but have shown consistent neuroprotective effects in several studies. In the present study, the novel TA improved learning and memory, reduce amyloid plaque load, chronic inflammation and oxidative stress, as well as mitochondrial stress signaling, and improved BDNF release and synaptic markers while normalising neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus. The novel triple GLP-1/GIP/Gcg receptor agonist holds clear promise of being developed into a new treatment for chronic neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease.4. Materials and methods4.1. Peptide and chemicalsThe triple GLP-1/GIP/Gcg used in this study was synthesized by China Peptides Co, Ltd. (Shanghai, China) to 95% purity. The identity and purity of the peptide was confirmed by reversed-phase HPLC and characterized using matrix assisted laser resorption/ionization time of flight (MALDI–TOF) mass spectrometry. The peptide was stored in dry form and dissolved in double-distilled water containing 0.9% NaCl2 before experiments. A Bi-cinchoninicacid (BCA) protein assay kit was purchased from Apply gen Technologies Inc. (Beijing, China). 3, 3-diaminobenzidine (DAB) was purchased from ZSGB-BIO Co. (Beijing, China). The primary antibodies recognizing Aβ1-42, IBA-1, BDNF, 4-Hydroxynonenal (4-HNE), 8-Hydroxyguanosine (8-OHdG), synaptophysin (SYN) and β-actin were obtained from Abcam (Cambridge, UK). The primary antibody GFAP, Bcl-2, and BAX were obtained from Boster Biotechnology (Wuhan, China). The primary antibody doublecortin (DCX) buy from Santa Cruz Biotechnology. HRP-labeled goat anti-rabbit immunoglobulin was obtained from Abcam (Cambridge, UK). The biotinylated goat anti-rabbit IgG, biotinylated rabbit anti-goat IgG, avidinbiotin peroxidase complex reagent was purchased from Boster Biotechnology (Wuhan, China). All other reagents used in the research were of analytical grade and of the highest quality commercially available. The peptide sequence was as follows (Finan et al., 2015):HXQGTFTSDKSKYLDERAAQDFVQWLLDGGPSSGAPPPSX = aminoisobutyric acid, K = γE-C16 acylation (with a C16 fatty acid).4.2. Animals and treatmentsAPP/PS1 transgenic mice were purchased from the Academy of Military Medical Sciences (AMMS, China), were maintained in a constant temperature (22 ± 1 °C) and humidity (relative 30%) under a 12 h light/dark cycle in animal house. As well as age-matched non-AD mice, which are wild-type animals as control. When animals were 6 months of age, TA was dissolved in saline. The dose was a once-daily injection of 10 nmol/kg body weight ip. for two months. Injections were given in the morning (8:00 am). Control mice received equal volumes of saline solution. All experimental procedures involving animals were approved by the Institutional Animal Care Committee of Shanxi Medical University and conform to the guidelines of National Institute of Health (NIH) guideline (NIH publication No. 85-23. Revised 1985). They were divided into three different groups (n = 12). (i): control group treated with saline only; (ii): APP/PS1 group treated with saline only; (iii): APP/PS1 group treated with TA. At the end of drug treatments, measurements of behavioral change, neuronal damage, oxidative stress and inflammatory markers were conducted.4.3. Morris water maze testThe water maze test is a standard method for assessing learning and memory in animals. The water maze (WM) task was performed 5 days after two months intraperitoneal injection. The apparatus was a circular, white painted pool (150 cm in diameter and 60 cm in height) which was filled to a depth of 40 cm with warm water at a temperature 23 ± 2 °C to avoid hypothermia, and was surrounded by a white curtain around the pool. The pool was divided into four quadrants with four starting locations, north (N), east (E), south (S) and west (W), the starting quadrant was randomly chosen. A perspex platform (diameter, 10 cm) was located in a specific location during the acquisition trials and submerged approximately 1.0 cm below the surface of the water. A video camera was mounted directly above the pool to record the movement and the trail of the mice. During the acquisition phase, each mouse was subjected to four consecutive training trials on each day. The mouse was gently placed in the water between the quadrants, and allowed 60 s to search the hidden platform. If it failed to find the platform within 60 s, it was guided to the platform and allowed to remain there for 10 s. Training continued for 5 days. On the sixth day, the hidden platform was removed and each mouse was allowed to swim in the pool for 60 s. The mean time spent in all four quadrants and the target area for searching the hidden platform was recorded.4.4. Brain tissue preparationHalf of the animals were decapitated after anesthetization with ethyl carbamate, hippocampus tissues were immediately isolated and stored at −80 °C for further investigations. The second half of each group was used for immunohistochemistry analysis. Animals were perfused intracardially with saline and cold 4% paraformaldehyde. Brains were removed and post-fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde for 24 h.4.5. ImmunohistochemistryFor DAB staining, fixed tissues were embedded in paraffin. Coronal sections (5 μm thick) of the brains were cut on a Leica microtome for immunohistochemistry. Paraffin was removed from the tissue sections with xylene, and the sections were rehydrated in graded ethanol solutions. Endogenous peroxidase activity was blocked with 3% H2O2 for 10 min at room temperature. Antigen retrieval was performed by heating in 10 mmol/L citrate buffer (pH 6.0) for 10 min. After blocked with 5% BSA, sections were incubated with the primary antibody for doublecortin (goat anti-DCX; 1:50), GFAP (rabbit anti-GFAP; 1:100), IBA-1 (goat anti-IBA1; 1:200), 4-Hydroxynonenal antibody (goat anti-4 HNE; 1:200) and anti-8 Hydroxyguanosine antibody (goat anti-8 OHdG; 1:200) at 37 °C for 2 h. For the Anti-8 OHdG histology, enzymatic antigen retrieval with 10 μm/ml proteinase K for 40 min at 37 °C was performed. To detect amyloid deposits, the primary antibody was Aβ1-42 (rabbit anti-Aβ1-42; 1:100), brain sections were pre-incubated with 70% formic acid and incubated at 4 °C for 24 h. They were rinsed in PBS and incubated with biotinylated goat anti-rabbit IgG or biotinylated rabbit anti-goat IgG at 37 °C for 0.5 h and incubated with the avidin-biotin peroxidase complex reagent at 37 °C for 0.5 h. Samples were stained in DAB solution in the presence of H2O2. All stained sections were viewed and photographed under a Zeiss light microscope, and images were captured by Motic Images Plus2.0ML software. The numbers of DCX positive neurons, the areas of Aβ1-42, GFAP, IBA-1, 4-HNE and 8-OHdG positive cells were determined using Image-pro plus6.0 software. The software counts objects that are defined in size and staining threshold by the user. This automated process avoided user bias.4.6. Western blotThe hippocampal tissues from mice was homogenized in ice cold RIPA buffer (containing 1% Triton X-100, 0.1% SDS, 1% deoxycholate) and PMSF (phenyl-methylsulfonyl fluoride). The homogenate was centrifuged 12,000 rpm/min for 5 min at 4 °C before taking the supernatant. Tissue containing 60 μg of protein was separated on 10–12% gradient Bis–Tris gel with molecular marker and electrophoresed in running buffer at 120 mV for 90 min followed by transfer to the PVDF membrane. Following protein transfer, the membrane was washed in TBST (tris buffered saline with 0.05% Tween-20, pH 8) and blocked in 5% skim milk for 1 h. Then incubated overnight at 4 °C with rabbit anti-synaptophysin (SYN) (1:10,000), rabbit anti-Bcl-2 (1:400), rabbit anti-BAX (1:400), rabbit anti-BDNF (1:5000), after three washes in TBS further incubation for 2 h at room temperature with the HRP-labeled goat anti-rabbit immunoglobulin (1:5000). In some cases, the blots were stripped and reprobed with a rabbit anti-β-actin (1:5000) to ensure equal sample loading. The bound antibodies were then visualized by ECL-enhanced chemiluminescence (Beyotime Institute of Biotechnology, Shanghai, China) according to the manufacturer's instructions. Western blot images were captured with a chemiluminescent imaging system (Sage Creation, Beijing, China). All bands were quantified using the image system of Alpha View SA.4.7. Statistical analysisThe data were presented as the mean ± standard error of mean (S.E.M.) and analyzed by one-way or two way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni’s multiple comparison test using the software Prism 5 (Graph Pad Software Inc, La Jolla, CA, USA). Statistical significance is defined as P < 0.05.ContributorsJT, WL and YL conducted the experiments, LL and CH conceived the experiment and wrote the manuscript.AcknowledgementsThis work was funded by the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, Shanxi Province [(2010)255], by a Shanxi Scholarship Council of China, and supported by a grant from the Alzheimer Society UK. The authors declare no conflict of interestAppendix A. Supplementary dataReferencesAkiyama et al., 2000H. Akiyama, S. Barger, S. Barnum, B. Bradt, J. Bauer, G.M. Cole, N.R. Cooper, P. Eikelenboom, M. Emmerling, B.L. Fiebich, C.E. Finch, S. Frautschy, W.S. Griffin, H. Hampel, M. Hull, G. Landreth, L. Lue, R. Mrak, I.R. Mackenzie, P.L. McGeer, M.K. O'Banion, J. 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GreigGLP-1 receptor stimulation reduces amyloid-beta peptide accumulation and cytotoxicity in cellular and animal models of Alzheimer's diseaseJ. Alzheimers Dis., 19 (2010), pp. 1205-1219Luchsinger et al., 2004J.A. Luchsinger, M.X. Tang, S. Shea, R. MayeuxHyperinsulinemia and risk of Alzheimer diseaseNeurology, 63 (2004), pp. 1187-1192Mayo et al., 2003K.E. Mayo, L.J. Miller, D. Bataille, S. Dalle, B. Goke, B. Thorens, D.J. DruckerInternational Union of Pharmacology. XXXV. The glucagon receptor familyPharmacol. Rev., 55 (2003), pp. 167-194McClean et al., 2011P. McClean, V. Parthsarathy, E. Faivre, C. HölscherThe diabetes drug liraglutide prevents degenerative processes in a mouse model of Alzheimer's diseaseJ. Neurosci., 31 (2011), pp. 6587-6594McClean and Holscher, 2014P.L. McClean, C. HolscherLixisenatide, a drug developed to treat type 2 diabetes, shows neuroprotective effects in a mouse model of Alzheimer's diseaseNeuropharmacology, 86C (2014), pp. 241-258Moloney et al., 2010A.M. 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GreigA new Alzheimer's disease interventive strategy: GLP-1Curr. Drug Targets, 5 (2004), pp. 565-571Sharma et al., 2013M. Sharma, J. Jalewa, C. HolscherNeuroprotective and anti-apoptotic effects of liraglutide on SH-SY5Y cells exposed to Methylglyoxal stressJ. Neurochem., 128 (2013), pp. 459-471Spielman et al., 2017L.J. Spielman, D.L. Gibson, A. KlegerisIncretin hormones regulate microglia oxidative stress, survival and expression of trophic factorsEur. J. Cell Biol., 96 (2017), pp. 240-253Talbot et al., 2012K. Talbot, H.Y. Wang, H. Kazi, L.Y. Han, K.P. Bakshi, A. Stucky, R.L. Fuino, K.R. Kawaguchi, A.J. Samoyedny, R.S. Wilson, Z. Arvanitakis, J.A. Schneider, B.A. Wolf, D.A. Bennett, J.Q. Trojanowski, S.E. ArnoldDemonstrated brain insulin resistance in Alzheimer's disease patients is associated with IGF-1 resistance, IRS-1 dysregulation, and cognitive declineJ. Clin. Invest., 122 (2012), pp. 1316-1338Yuan et al., 2017Z. Yuan, L. Li, P. Feng, G. Xue, C. Ji, G. Li, C. HölscherA novel GLP-1/GIP dual agonist is more effective than liraglutide in reducing inflammation and enhancing GDNF release in the MPTP mouse model of Parkinson’s disease© 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved."],["topImageUrl","https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0006899317X0022X-cov150h.gif"],["error",null]]}]}],["text","阿茲海默症(Alzheimer’s disease)疾病對於病人及家屬皆會帶來很大的影響，然而至目前為止，疾病的發生機轉及可能的治療方式卻仍在研究階段。《Cell Reports》日前刊登中國山西醫科大學(Shanxi Medical University)的最新發表，研究團隊表示，原先發展用來治療糖尿病的特定藥物，有機會反轉阿茲海默症的記憶喪失症狀。第二型糖尿病已知為阿茲海默症的風險因子之一，其病程會影響到胰島素的分泌，而在過去的研究中亦曾發現，這個影響人體血糖調節的荷爾蒙，其分泌不足可能與大腦的退化情形有關。本篇研究中，作者發現結合第二型糖尿病的特定藥物，可能改善數項阿茲海默症的獨特病徵。作者表示，這項研究發現，有助於未來發展阿茲海默症及其它神經退化疾病的新治療方法。\n \n新聞出處：Alzheimer's treatment: Diabetes drug holds promise for fighting disease after 'significantly reversing' memory loss《Independent》\nhttp://www.independent.co.uk/news/health/alzheimers-diabetes-drug-memory-loss-reverse-disease-treatment-degenerative-a8133681.html\n研究刊登在《Cell Reports》第1678卷第64-74頁\nhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0006899317304596\n "],["id","AWEET-BFyCdS-nWhunGr"],["createdAt","2018-01-17T13:29:59.107Z"]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["replyCount",2],["references",{"__iterable":"List","data":[{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["type","LINE"]]}]}],["replyRequestCount",1],["user",{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["id","j4S8C_FxFJOU0PYt-POeEuxROBISc5mmlqOB1LN_rl2wHWgKY"],["name","理智的萬榮納特"],["avatarUrl",null],["level",0]]}],["hyperlinks",{"__iterable":"List","data":[{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","全球最大纪录片节送福利，300余部影片免费在线观看"],["url","https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/_uP9xUg0hV_JhkVgLuExVQ?fbclid=IwAR0FX3JExpQPd9Wzpuq5FTo4VAzUeyNkOLdj3oWgN_Gkav5sVugCa7g9Jmw"],["summary","今天要为大家推荐一份属于影迷的福利，全球最大的纪录片影展阿姆斯特丹纪录片节（idfa）在其官网放出300部以上全球纪录片供在线观看，如果你注册为会员还可以增加至500多部，可按国家，类型进行选择。链接直达：https://www.idfa.nl/en/info/watch-films-online-1?from=timeline&isappinstalled=0作为idfa的主办国，荷兰也遭受新冠疫情打击，目前荷兰已经有804例确诊患者，累计死亡10人。荷兰也严重缺乏医疗物资，目前已有大量医护人员感染，荷兰南部医护人员接受了检测，结果显示大约有4%的医护人员感染了新冠病毒。idfa放出数百部纪录片，也似乎是效仿欧洲部分美术馆，博物馆开放在线浏览的形式，意在鼓励民众留在家中，减少外出，而真正喜欢纪录片的影迷也可通过流媒体观看，规避电影院或影展观影的潜在疫情风险。2020年阿姆斯特丹纪录片节原定11月18日至29日进行，暂未宣布延期。位于荷兰阿姆斯特丹的IDFA创立于1988年，是迄今为止世界上最大的纪录片节。每年，IDFA都会展示全世界范围内挑选出的纪录片佳作。中国自1996开始便有作品入选IDFA，到2017年，总计有近百部纪录片被影展收录，包括周浩，杜海滨，徐童，顾桃，范俭等众多如今仍活跃在影坛的纪录片导演都曾有作品在IDFA入选，IDFA参与见证了新千年以来中国纪录片，尤其是中国独立纪录片的发展与成长。下文按年份整理出全部以“中国大陆”为制片国入选IDFA的纪录片，部分中国导演的作品以海外及港台报名影展（如王兵的《孤独》（2013）代表香港参展），本文未做收录。1996～2019，中国百部入围阿姆斯特丹纪录片节作品盘点2019年度2019年度入围作品为今日刚刚公布，多部华语纪录片入选各单元IDFA主竞赛单元：First Appearance竞赛单元韩萌《Smog Town》80分钟IDFA展映类单元：Frontlight 展映单元贾玉川《The Two Lives of Li Ermao》87分钟孙扬，江松长《时光机》81分钟张侨勇（加拿大华裔）《这不是一部电影》107分钟Luminous 展映单元《游神考》81分钟IDFA DocLab Spotlight单元Chien HuangVR实验纪录短片《失身记》31分钟官网完整入围片单：http://t.cn/Ai1PqG9j2018年度世外桃源The Land of Peach Blossoms周铭影Mingying Zhou | China | 2018 | 99minFirst Appearance竞赛单元火山Up the Mountain张杨Yang Zhang | China | 2018 | 126min长片竞赛单元红毛皇帝Dancing in the wind岳廷Ting Yue | China | 2018 | 89min学生竞赛单元死灵魂Dead Souls王兵Bing Wang | China／France／Switzerland | 2018 | 496min大师展映单元我的镜头Chinese Portrait王小帅Xiaoshuai Wang | China | 2018 | 90min大师展映单元安妮AnniRikun Zhu | China | 2018 | 78min佳片展映单元大字Big Characters雎安奇Anqi Ju | China | 2015 | 15min艺术展映单元Trapped in the City of a Thousand Mountains戴霍 DavidVerbeek短片竞赛单元IDFACompetitionforShortDocumentary2017年度二十四号大街 24th Street 潘志琪 Zhiqi Pan| China | 2017 | 88 min长片竞赛单元惊蛰 Awaken 宁佳伟｜中国｜2017｜63min中片竞赛单元行走敦煌 The Cave 赵琦｜中国｜2017｜13min纪录片实验竞赛单元芳舟 Lady of the Harbour 王申｜荷兰、中国｜2017｜95min荷兰竞赛单元团鱼岩 Turtle Rock 萧潇｜中国｜2017｜101min新人竞赛单元2016年度中国梵高 China's Van Goghs余海波 Haibo Yu, 余天琦 Kiki Tianqi Yu 2016 81 minA Chinese replica painter feels a deep affinity with Van Gogh and travelsto Amsterdam to find the spirit of his own work.俺爹俺娘 My Father and My Mother焦波 Bo Jiao 2016 88 minThe life of a simple Chinese couple, documented in thousands ofphotographs and many hours of video footage taken over a 30-yearperiod by their son, a well-known photographer.塑·料·王·国 Plastic China王久良 Jiu-liang Wang 2016 81 minYi Jie and her family live next to a primitive recycling plant. Her worldconsists of mountains of plastic waste from Europe, the United States andAsia.摇摇晃晃的人间 Still Tomorrow范俭 Jian Fan 2016 88 minDisabled by cerebral palsy and unhappily married, the painfully frankXiuhua Yu makes a dramatic breakthrough as a poet. Will fame solve herproblems?欢迎 Welcome朱日坤 Rikun Zhu 2016 63 minA raw and disturbing document that exposes the methods of the Chineseauthorities by allowing them to speak uncensored.2015年度大同 The Chinese Mayor周浩 Hao Zhou2015 87 minThe mayor of the Chinese city of Datong embarks on an immensedemolition and building project to transform his city into a touristattraction.我的诗篇 Chinese Verses吴飞跃 Feiyue Wu, 秦晓宇 Xiaoyu Qin2015 96 minChinese factory workers use poetry to break with their anonymity incandid expressions of their feelings and their hardships.对看 Look Love叶云 Yun Ye2015 146 minTwo Chinese children, one dirt poor, the other filthy rich. They both longfor affection, but neither have parents who can offer it. 我只认识你 Please Remember Me赵青 Qing Zhao2015 78 minAn elderly couple in Shanghai gracefully struggles with age, illness andmemory loss.大路朝天 The Road张赞波 Zanbo Zhang2015 95 minThe construction of a gigantic highway in China puts three parties at oddswith each other: local residents, the construction company and thelaborers.少年小赵 A Young Patriot杜海滨 Du Haibin2015 106 minAn intriguing portrait of a young Chinese nationalist who sees many of hisideals dashed over time.2014年度棉花 Cotton周浩 Zhou Hao2014 83 minMillions of Chinese farm laborers work in the cotton industry. The factoryprovides regular jobs, but is having to live so far from home really worthit?我就是我 I Am Here范立欣 Lixin Fan2014 88 minIDFA Award winner Lixin Fan follows the rite of passage of contestants inSuperboy, a Chinese talent competition for boys.铁西区 Tie Xi Qu: West of the Tracks王兵 Wang Bing2002 554 minA nine-hour meditative masterpiece about the decline of China’s biggestand oldest industrial area, and the consequences for the remainingworkers.2013年度四哥 The Fourth Brother徐童 Tong Xu2013 86 minAn intimate black-and-white portrait of an ex-con getting back to his oldtricks after spending half his life in jail.妈妈的村庄 Mothers许慧晶 Huijing Xu2013 70 minWoman's Care, the birth control center in a small Chinese village, startscracking down on women required to undergo sterilization.梦与影 Playing with Shadows牛小雨 Xiaoyu Niu2013 52 minIn a final attempt to turn his hobby into a job, passionate shadowpuppeteer Li Zi signs up for a TV talent pageant.查房 The Questioning朱日坤 Rikun Zhu2013 21 minThe human rights activist Rikun Zhu opens his door and is confronted bya horde of policemen – luckily he has a camera running, which they don’tnotice.Tiger MountainJie Wu2013 60 minThis moving film gives a voice to the residents of a village in the Chinesecountryside that has been polluted by the coal mining industry and nowreceives no attention whatsoever from the authorities.2012年度千锤百炼 China Heavyweight张侨勇 Yung Chang2012 93 minAn observational documentary on the rise of the Western sport of boxingin China. Will the young talents fight for their country, or themselves?出路 Education, Education陈为军 Weijun Chen2012 58 minDirector Chen Weijun uses three stories of young Chinese people to tell abigger story about the country's failing education system.殇城 Fallen City赵琦 Qi Zhao2012 88 minThree damaged families live in great sadness following an earthquake thathit the Chinese city of Beichuan, while a few miles from the rubble, a newcity is being built.革命是可以被原谅的 Fidaï丹米阳 Damien Ounouri2012 83 minA personal tale of an Algerian revolutionary, this is a story about fightingfor independence - both now and 50 years ago.归途列车 Last Train HomeLixin Fan2009 85 minKeeping the family together is the toughest job of all for the workers ofthe factories of a changing China, who only see their children on NewYear.2011年度死囚其言 Dead Men TalkingRobin Newell2011 52 minEvery year, about a thousand condemned prisoners are executed inChina. Just before their execution, journalist Ding Yu interviews some ofthem for her popular TV show.活着 The Next Life范俭 Fan Jian2011 54 minA Chinese couple whose only child died in the 2008 earthquake turn tomedicine to get pregnant again.最后的春光 The Vanishing Spring Light餘迅 Xun Yu2011 112 minThe lives of the inhabitants of West Street in Dujiangyan City, and inparticular Grandma Jiang, on the eve of radical urban renewal.2010年度2008·纪 Beijing 2008雷建军 Lei Jianjun2010 90 min2008 turns out to be a special year not only for the city of Beijing, wherethe Olympic Games are being held, but also for a resident of the citynamed Ji.殻 Crust黄文海 Wenhai Huang2010 13 minThe story behind the industrialization of China remains as mysterious asthe ghostly figures at the shipyard on the Yangtze River, working to aclaustrophobic soundtrack.海上传奇 I Wish I Knew贾樟柯 Jia Zhang Ke2010 138 minA poetic portrait of Shanghai that captures the present in images and thepast in the personal stories of its inhabitants.2009年度世界最大的中国餐馆The Biggest Chinese Restaurant in the World陈为军 Weijun Chen2008 80 minA film portrait of modern China as viewed through the prism of staff andguests at the largest Chinese restaurant in the world.采花大道 Gipsy in the Flower雎安奇 Anqi Ju2009 60 minA bittersweet portrait of a couple of Chinese beekeepers, who travel10,000 kilometers each year to places where the flowers bloom.贾医生的100个病人 A Hundred Patients of Dr. Jia王洪军 Wang Hongjun2009 105 minHectic scenes in Dr Jia's office. The comings and goings of patients and thepeople they bring along evolve into a charming group portrait.灯塔 Lighthouse殷子静 Chi-Jang Yin2009 16 minA portrait of the nocturnal existence of anonymous Chinese laborers whofight, smoke, play cards, and work, often without knowing that the camerais rolling.上言方 Petition赵亮 Zhao Liang2009 124 minThe inhabitants of Petition Village in Beijing and their daily struggle forjustice against the indifference of the Chinese totalitarian state.2008年度淹没2 Before the Flood II鄢雨 Yu Yan2008 60 minThe residents of a 1,700-year-old Chinese village are dumbfounded whenthey learn that the construction of a reservoir will put their homesunderwater.马夫 Horsemen吴慕清 Nancy Muqing Wu2008 98 minDaily life in the historic Chinese town of Songpan, where tourists makebreath-taking horse treks while the inhabitants are toiling away.老安 The Love of Mr An杨荔钠 Lina Yang2007 79 minAn elderly Chinese man falls in love with his dance partner, who is 30years his junior, but in the meantime has a furious wife waiting for him athome.2007年度红日风暴 Storm under the SunXiaolian Peng, S. Louisa Wei2007 170 minChairman Mao Zedong's deity status was achieved by destroying theautonomy of Chinese intellectuals through a series of political \"storms.\"木帮 Timber Gang于广义 Guangyi Yu2006 90 minLumberjacks in a mountainous area of China use a lumbering method thathas not changed for centuries. This film follows them during their lastwinter on the mountain.伞 Umbrella...杜海滨 Du Haibin2007 93 minIn five chapters, we see socially-defined Chinese groups of people duringtheir labour-intensive attempts to join in with the growing prosperity inChina.龙哥 Using周浩 Zhou Hao2007 145 minA hard-boiled portrait of a Chinese junkie; in Ah Long's mind, everyoneuses everyone else, albeit for different purposes.2006年度Amphibious (Login-Logout)Jennifer Allora, Guillermo Calzadilla2005 6 minA group of turtles rides atop a log as it drifts slowly along the fastamphibious network of import and export activities on the Pearl River inChina.The Big FamilyHuang Lingping2005 82 minA harrowing documentary soap about a rural family that is ruinedbecause of the patriarch's narrow-mindedness and incapacity.Change of ChoiceChen Ling2005 53 minAn account of the onerous, but sorely needed establishment of anagricultural co-op in a farming community dominated by different familyclans.村民影像计划 China Villagers Documentary Project张焕财、贾之坦等 Nong Ke, Zhang Huancai, Wang Wei, Zhou Cengjia, Shao Yuzhen, Ni Lianghui, Sqrolma Tshe Ring, Jia Zhitan, Fu Jiachong, Chujian Yi2006 95 minTen Chinese villagers make short films to document how the Chinesecountryside is struggling with democratic reforms.城市场景 City Scene赵亮 Zhao Liang2005 23 minA string of bizarre scenes from daily life in Beijing, a city in a state ofconfusion.达官营 Daguanying汤晓亮 Tang Xiaoliang, 刘珏欣 Liu Juexin2006 75 minThe elderly residents of an exclusive neighbourhood in Beijing are drivenout of their homes by the excavating machines of project developers.在城市里跳跃 Dancing in the City范俭 Fan Jian2006 118 minA portrait of four young Chinese people who leave their dead-end lives inthe countryside to build a new identity in Beijing.靖大爷和他的老主顾们 Grandpa Jing and His Old Customers施润玖 Shi Runjiu2003 55 minAn atmospheric homage to an 87-year-old barber named Jing. In an oldneighbourhood of Beijing, he reflects on life with the elderly customers hevisits.I Want a New HomeWang Dafei2005 24 minTingting is 10 years old. She resides on a small fishing boat, but wouldrather live in a real house.董家渡 Lotus Ferry周洪波 Zhou Hongbo2006 60 minA light-hearted and agile exploration of a busy old district of Shanghaisings of small, everyday worries and pleasures.在江边 Return to the Border赵亮 Zhao Liang2005 56 minChinese director returns to the Ya Lu River that separates China fromNorth Korea to see what is left of socialism in the two countries.高三 Senior Year周浩 Zhou Hao2005 95 minA detailed account of the pressures that high school seniors and theirteachers must cope with in the ruthless and conservative Chinese schoolsystem.石山 Stone Mountain杜海滨 Du Haibin2006 123 minThis visually stunning documentary on the struggle of miners in theBeijing province provides us with dramatic insight into the lives ofworkers in today's China.TransformationYang Gancai, Wang Yi2006 120 minAn enchanting portrait of a primitive agrarian community in the Chineserainforest. What happens when these lively, self-mocking people meetmodern civilisation?2005年度A Day to RememberLiu Wei2005 13 minWith one simple question, the filmmaker demonstrates that the studentuprising at Tiananmen Square is still a taboo subject in China.Growing UpChang Yu, Wang Dongdong2004 58 minAccount of the rigorous training of underprivileged Chinese children tobecome professional acrobats in a 2000-year-old tradition.Try to Remember钟键 Jian Zhong2005 90 minA son films his mother in the village where she grew up and hears storiesabout her childhood, which was dominated by poverty and the CulturalRevolution.2004年度嵌入肉体的城市 The Concrete Revolution郭小橹 Xiaolu Guo2004 60 minChinese writer and director comments in word and image on the price thenew China pays for joining the outside world.喧哗的尘土 Floating Dust黄文海 Wenhai Huang2004 111 minThe trials and tribulations of young unemployed adults in the Chinese cityof Yaoyang.碧色车站 Jade Green Station于坚 Yu Jian2003 122 minIn very little time, the sleepy village of Bise in China became a livelymeeting place after the construction of a railroad there.七月 July张虹 Tammy Cheung2004 80 minMassive protest march in Hong Kong against proposed new legislationthat would limit freedom.Separation and ReunionZhou Yu2004 41 minThe marriage registration office of the Dalian Xigang District in China. Asa hidden witness, the camera records the intimate stories of differentcouples in the midst of divorces and reunions.Travels by TricycleWang Dongdong2003 39 minA man takes his 98-year-old mother on a journey across China in atricycle trailer.2003年度被子 Quilts雎安奇 Ju An Qi2003 92 minThe filmmaker travels through China in search for intriguing quilts andthe stories of the people sleeping under them.好死不如赖活着 To Live Is Better than to Die陈为军 Weijun Chen2003 90 minSaddening portrait of a Chinese farmer’s family that tries to live with HIV– a result of the trade in blood in the nineties.2002年度Floating MemoryLiu Wei2001 10 minFormer revolutionary loses grip on memories of the Chinese uprising of1989.当兵 Interesting Times - Shao's Long March康健宁 Y. Gong2002 39 minShao Zhenning’s first three months in the Chinese People's LiberationArmy, transform him from a useless dropout into a spirited soldier.拎起大舌头 Interesting Times - The Secret of My Success段锦川 Jinchuan Duan2002 59 minIn Fanshen village, China - birth control policy leads to an unusual turn ofevents in the upcoming village council elections.爱情战争 Interesting Times - The War of Love段锦川 Jinchuan Duan, 蒋樾 Yue Jiang2002 39 minLove in China, depicted by scenes from the life of an amateurmatchmaker-cum-divorce lawyer-cum-unhappy wife.幸福生活 Interesting Times - This Happy Life蒋樾 Yue Jiang2002 94 minAn atmospheric and absurd film about Zhengzhou, China’s busiest trainstation, and two of it it’s employees - Mr. Fu and Mr. Liu.希望之旅 Railroad of Hope宁瀛 Ning Ying2001 52 minFor meagre wages, poor wretches travel across China for three days,meanwhile dreaming of a little money, a little happiness and a decent life.2001年度A Man With HIVTong Li1999 49 minAfter volunteering as a blood donor, the HIV virus is found in 31-year-oldLi Ziliang. He is immediately fired by his boss for fear of infection. Everytime he walks on the street, he is surrounded by groups of people thatstare at him. ‘One touch and you’re finished’, one of them thinks. ‘Peopl…居委会 Neighbourhood Committee张同道Tongdao Zhang2001 49 minIn China, neighbourhood committees play an important role in everydaylife. The committees arrange things for the local residents, they areintermediaries for government plans and they solve neighbourhoodquarrels. They also maintain order and monitor family planning. Since …纸飞机 Paper Airplane赵亮 Zhao Liang, Fan Jun Yi2001 90 minThey play in punk bands with names like Brain Failure Band and AnarchyJerks Band, and regularly stick needles in their arms. Once, rebellionspurred a group of Chinese youngsters who call themselves the HundredFlowers Club to start making music (‘Ignore taboos and rules!’), but no…RevengeMa Jia, Naotomo Umewaka2009 63 minTaking the form of a detective story, this documentary reveals the facts ofthe case of the kidnapping of a young mother, whose age is kept vague fora long time. On 1 April 2000, her brother reported the abduction ofMing’e, who was being forced to marry a farmer. The police liberated h…挣扎 Struggle舒浩仑 Shu Haolun2001 50 minThe city of Shenzhen, close to Hong Kong, was designated a SpecialEconomic Zone in the 1980s, a measure aimed at stimulating the localeconomy through reduced labour costs. This growth is taking its toll,however: every year, ten thousand migrant workers are injured perfor…城乡结合部 Where City and Country Meet张战庆 Zhang Zhanqing2001 90 minAround Beijing, some one million labourers from the Chinese countrysidelive in appalling conditions. Taking one family as an example, directorZhang Zhanqing shows the hopes and problems of living on the fringes ofprosperity. His film is not a social indictment; indeed, by following a frie…2000年度My GrasslandNing Cao1999 23 minOne year in the life of a family that lives on the Mongolian steppes.北京的风很大 There's a Strong Wind in Beijing雎安奇 Ju An Qi1999 48 minCamera crew asks passers-by in Beijing the nonsensical question, ‘Do youthink Beijing’s wind is strong?’1999年度疯狂英语 Crazy English张元 Zhang Yuan1999 90 minHilarious portrait of Li Yang, a Chinese teacher who teaches English tolarge groups of fellow-countrymen.江湖 Jiang Hu: Life on the Road吴文光 Wu Wenguang1999 149 minAccording to the ‘health inspection’, a travelling Chinese show smudgesthe streets of Beijing.婚事 Jiehun梁碧波 Bibo Liang1999 80 minIn China, the marriage ritual consists of six stages that must be completedaccording to the rules.The Elders季丹 Dan Ji, 苏青 Su Qing1999 60 minTibetan village elders pray, converse and resign themselves to theapproaching death.1998年度三节草 Home-coming in Granddaughter梁碧波 Bibo Liang1997 58 minElder woman returns to her native city Chengdu after 53 years.回到凤凰桥 Out of Phoenix Bridge李红 Hong Li1997 110 minFour girls who live and work together in Beijing talk about dreams, fearsand expectations with regard to their marital future.1996年度往事歌谣 Wang shi ge yao郑鸣 Zheng Ming1995 90 minFilm about the life and artistic career of old Wang Luobin, whose whole lifewas dedicated to collecting and performing folk songs from NorthwestChina. SONGS OF THE PAST takes the legendary musician to the place ofhis youth, where he brings back memories of the past and talks about hi…纪录片在荷兰一直是广受欢迎的艺术形式，一年一度的阿姆斯特丹国际纪录片电影节吸引了全球杰出纪录片电影人参展，将世界上每个角落的真实影像展现在银幕前，让观众无法再继续对长久被他们忽略的问题视而不见。无论是春运赶回家过年的中国民工，还是现代都会里饱受恐慌症之苦的阿姆斯特丹居民，纪录片导演们借由影像呈现现代生活的焦虑与无奈，讲述人们在逆境中找到光明与希望的真实故事。深秋的阿姆斯特丹阴雨绵绵，街头难得地显得冷清，顶着雨缩着颈项的行人面目严峻，然而一走到阿姆斯特丹著名的娱乐休闲区伦勃朗广场，一股来自异国的新鲜空气扑面而来。阿姆斯特丹国际纪录片电影节的宣传旗飘扬在各个街角，3000多名来自世界各地的电影爱好者、电影人和媒体记者用不同的语言表达他们对影片的观感，交换在不同国家和文化中拍片的心得。电影节创立于1988年的阿姆斯特丹国际纪录片电影节（IDFA，International Documentary Film Festival Amsterdam，19-29 Nov.）原本只是一个小型的电影活动，21年来逐渐演变成国际上最大型的纪录片盛会之一，今年更有近2500部纪录片参展。强调原创性与创意，阿姆斯特丹国际纪录片电影节在选片时特别注重影像工作者的个人观点与特殊的摄影与制作形式，虽然展出影片相当国际化，阿姆斯特丹纪录片电影节也开始重视本土的视野，在今年首度推出以荷兰纪录片为主的“低地”电影节大赛（Lowland），电影节主席Ally Derks表示：“我们希望这能够为维持荷兰丰富的纪录片传统做出一点贡献！”除此，阿姆斯特丹国际纪录片电影节也担负起推广纪录片艺术形式的重责，刚推出的“纪录片市场”（Docs for Sale）计划帮助纪录片导演寻找买主与展映机会，而有17年历史的the FORUM则是国际纪录片制片人与导演交流讨论、寻求财务支援的最佳场所；另外，成立于1998年的Jan Vrijman Fond更帮助了数百位发展中国家的电影人实现拍片梦想，中国导演范立欣就是获得Jan Vrijman基金奖助的幸运儿之一。纪录片节征片时间及费用以2019年为例2019.5.1（2018.8.1至2019.4.30完成的作品）2019.8.1（2019.4.30后完成的作品）费用：50欧元（不含增值税）征片要求1.非英语影片需有英文字幕。2.若作品的粗剪版本被拒绝，则不能在本届或下届电影节再次投递其更新版本。3.参选者应防止作品外泄。4.报名费用不予退还。5.长片作品在70分钟以上，中长片在40-70分钟内，短片不超过40分钟。学生纪录片单元无时长限制。6.需为世界/国际/欧洲首映作品，优先考虑世界首映。投递学生纪录片单元的作品可为荷兰首映。7.新人单元需提交导演的第一部作品。8.报名前至多在两个电影节或电影市场进行过放映。欧洲内进行市场放映需要得到电影节许可。9.允许在本国院线或电视进行放映，但曾经以互联网、流媒体、DVD等形式传播过的作品不可投递。投递方式在电影节官网https://www.idfa.nl/en/注册账号，填写申请表格，上传screener试看文件。投递单元及奖项设置纪录长片纪录中长片纪录短片新人纪录片学生纪录片最佳纪录长片纪录长片评审团特别奖最佳新人奖新人评审团特别奖最佳纪录中长片纪录中长片评审团特别奖最佳纪录短片纪录短片评审团特别奖最佳学生纪录片学生纪录片评审团特别奖观众选择奖Mediafonds基金纪录片奖IDFA最佳女性导演奖DocLab多媒体叙事奖DocLab浸入式纪实纪录片奖联系方式官网：https://www.idfa.nl/en/邮箱：info@idfa.nl电话：+31 20 6273329地址：International Documentary Film Festival AmsterdamFrederiksplein 52 1017 XN Amsterdam The Netherlands阿姆斯特丹国际纪录片影展也提供一个独立、激发灵感的交流平台，让观众与业界人士可以欣赏多元化及优质的影片。从纪录片形式、内容与导演的文化背景即可看出影展丰富多元的特质。除了主流娱乐、单一电影类型之外，IDFA 提供另一种影片选择以因应观众对于优质、发人省思的电影逐渐增加的需求。从2007 年开始，IDFA 的新媒体单元和纪录片实验室展示极佳的互动式、非剧情类的故事叙述，并探讨数位革命如何重塑纪录片的美学。除了影展之外，IDFA 已发展多样专业活动，协助处于各个发展阶段中的导演及其影片成长萌芽。在跨国跨资制片市场展上，参展导演与制作人向赞助商竭力推销自己的拍片计画；而在纪录片买卖市场展，许多刚出炉的纪录片供节目买家和片商挑选。伯莎基金为资助开发中国家的导演和纪录片拍片计画，IDFA 学院则专门训练全球新锐纪录片导演。📎过去10年，全球最佳纪录片110部交易担保实验影像中心实验影像中心·策展单元 Mini Program 「导筒」微信号 directube2016 📎庆祝“举报问题”被广泛讨论，导筒手机壳买一赠一📎异业合作 | 导筒2020年文末广告位招募推广/合作/活动加微信号：directubeee"],["topImageUrl",null],["error",null]]}]}],["text","新冠疫情期間的最大享受😄\n\n一份屬於影迷的福利，全球最大的纪录片影展阿姆斯特丹纪录片节（idfa）在其官网放出300部以上全球纪录片供在线观看！\n如果你注册为会员还可以增加至500多部，可按国家，类型进行选择。\n\nhttps://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/_uP9xUg0hV_JhkVgLuExVQ?fbclid=IwAR0FX3JExpQPd9Wzpuq5FTo4VAzUeyNkOLdj3oWgN_Gkav5sVugCa7g9Jmw"],["id","25ypo7x9o4nkv"],["createdAt","2020-03-20T15:32:08.879Z"]]}]}],["relatedReplies",{"__iterable":"List","data":[{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["article",{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["replyCount",1],["references",{"__iterable":"List","data":[{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["type","LINE"]]}]}],["replyRequestCount",1],["user",{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["id","j4S8C_1Tmqnm858lY6LDsmhR4RHDW_L0tjuBohSAyQgENBZaA"],["name","樂觀的礁溪巴薩羅穆"],["avatarUrl",null],["level",0]]}],["hyperlinks",{"__iterable":"List","data":[{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","Wholesale | buy, sell and discover on TK"],["url","https://shop.xstka.com"],["summary","A shopping experience built for TK\n Wholesale is a completely personalized and fully integrated commerce solution,\n where sellers authentically connect with creators and communities to drive\n meaningful shopping experiences.\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Discovery and Joy\n \n Entertainment combines with commerce through authentic and\n relatable content, sparking inspiration that leads to purchase.\n \n \n \n \n \n Trusted Advocates\n \n TK creators bring a fresh take on shopping, helping brands build\n trust by showcasing products through their content.\n \n \n \n \n \n Passionate Communities\n \n Brands can develop a lasting relationship with an exploding\n community of users already talking about your products on TK.\n \n \n \n \n \n Frictionless Checkout\n \n Convenient and trusted, from the For You Page through secure\n check-out, order management, and support. Less friction makes\n for a happier purchase.\n \n \n \n \n \n Scaleable Ecosystems\n \n Support for your business, no matter the size. From logistics to\n post-sale management, you'll find the tools you need to\n grow.\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Shopping made simple\n Powered by TK's unique discovery engine, TK Shop enables brands and\n creators to showcase and sell products directly on TK, through a suite of in-app\n shopping touchpoints.\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n LIVE shopping\n \n Promote, sell and engage with your audience, all in real time.\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Shoppable videos\n \n Create entertaining videos with your products just a tap away.\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Shop Page\n \n Display your product catalog within your own in-app shop.\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Shop Tab\n \n Display your products on a centralized marketplace within TK.\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Wholesale, for you\n\n \n \n \n \n Seller\n \n Wholesale enables brands to showcase and sell products for\n the TK community to discover and purchase.\n \n \n \n \n Purchase & Conversion\n \n \n Integrated in-app checkout means discovery and\n purchase happens in one place to reduce friction in\n the buyer's journey.\n \n \n \n \n Campaigns & Promotions\n \n Get access to Wholesale's platform\n campaigns,\n Wholesale Ads, and an extensive selection of promotional\n tools.\n \n \n \n \n Affiliate for Sellers\n \n \n Discover, communicate, and collaborate with\n thousands of creators through our Affiliate Program,\n directly accessible on Wholesale.\n \n \n \n \n Apps & Services\n \n Manage your shop, products, order and\n fulfillment with diverse integration and service\n solutions on the\n Wholesale App Store.\n \n \n \n \n Learn More\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Creator\n \n Wholesale allows creators to spotlight and promote products\n they love to their community, and activate new revenue\n streams.\n \n \n \n \n Quick & Seamless Experience\n \n \n Browse, select, and add products into short videos\n and LIVEs to start promoting in just a few taps.\n \n \n \n \n Earning and Growth Opportunities\n \n \n Get paid commission on your generated sales through\n our Affiliate Program, directly accessible on\n Wholesale.\n \n \n \n \n Accessible Partnerships with Brands\n \n \n Develop relationships and commercial collaboration\n opportunities with brands across all categories.\n \n \n \n \n Access to Top Products\n \n \n Explore best selling and creator favorites to\n feature directly in content by browsing the\n Wholesale Product Marketplace.\n \n \n \n Learn More\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Partner\n \n Wholesale connects partners with sellers, creators, and\n resources to help them succeed.\n \n \n \n \n Matchmaking with Sellers & Creators\n \n \n Grow your client base by servicing sellers and\n creators seeking expert support in commerce &\n content.\n \n \n \n \n Substantial Training & Resources for Partners\n \n \n Leverage dedicated training programs to master it\n all, from the fundamentals, to best practices and\n beyond.\n \n \n \n \n Incentive Opportunities\n \n \n Support your business with monetized incentives,\n unlocking earning potential through a mix of\n platform support, including ad credit.\n \n \n \n \n Scalable Services\n \n \n Get access to a mix of technology, resources,\n logistics services, and payment methods to increase\n your operational efficiency.\n \n \n \n Learn More\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Shopper\n \n Wholesale inspires shoppers through entertainment, and\n guides them to discover brands and products they want to see\n most.\n \n \n \n \n Complete In-App Experience\n \n \n Shop through LIVEs, engaging in-feed videos, or by\n tapping the shop icon on a brand or creator profile,\n and checkout directly within TK.\n \n \n \n \n Authentic Recommendations\n \n \n Discover new brands and products recommended by the\n TK community.\n \n \n \n \n Safe & Seamless Shopping\n \n \n Shop within a trustworthy and seamless shopping\n experience that is fun and entertaining, from\n discovery straight through to secure checkout.\n \n \n \n \n Exclusive Offers\n \n \n Enjoy the excitement of discovering exclusive\n products, and amazing deals and promotions.\n \n \n \n Start Shopping\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n of TK users discover new brands and products on TK1\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n TK users are likely to buy something while using TK2\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n say that TK plays a role in purchase decisions3\n \n \n \n \n \n Sources: (1) TK Marketing Science Global Retail Path to Purchase (US Results)\n conducted by Material August 2021. (2) TK Marketing Science Global Entertainment\n Study (US Results) conducted by Material, December 2021. (3) Marketing Science EU\n Holiday Shopping Behavior Research 2020 conducted by Walnut International for TK For\n Business.\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Brandon The Plant Guy\n \n Brandon runs his plant business in his apartment where plant\n lovers can learn about and purchase plants. He offers LIVE\n Shopping viewers a valuable Free Gift with any purchase offer,\n educates how to purchase, and drives urgency by alerting viewers\n that his ”items sell out quickly, so don’t wait!”\n \n \n \n >1.5M\n Total LIVE Views Since Launch\n \n \n >15K\n Orders Since Launch\n \n \n >$350K\n LIVE Shopping Sales Since Launch\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n KimChi Chic Beauty\n \n Over a period of just 3 months, Kimchichic identified and\n sustained a lucrative content model for their LIVE shopping\n program, deepened their connection with their community, and\n offered a new and engaging way for their customers to shop on\n TK.\n \n \n \n >75x\n GMV uplift from week 1 to peak (90 days)\n \n \n +238%\n Higher average product Click-through-rate\n \n \n +10k\n Followers growth (90 days)\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Zuumtech\n \n Zuumtech’s Wholesale has quickly grown to be their #1 best\n performing sales channel. Wholesale has been instrumental in\n resolving Zuumtech’s largest hurdle of demonstrating the value\n and solution of a premium priced item at $225.\n \n \n \n 7x\n LIVE Shopping GMV increase (45 days)\n \n \n >500K\n Peak total viewers (per Live event)\n \n \n 0 to >20k+\n Follower growth (45 days)\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Willow Boutique\n \n Willow Boutique, a Cincinnati-based online clothing boutique,\n joined Wholesale in November of 2022 in an effort to connect and\n grow their audience. Adopting a consistent LIVE selling\n strategy, amplified with LIVE Shopping Ads, Willow Boutique has\n become a top fashion seller in under 1 year.\n \n \n \n >$500K\n Total GMV (60 days)\n \n \n >$250K\n LIVE Shopping GMV (60 days)\n \n \n >+100K\n Follower growth (60 days)\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Soo Slick\n \n Soo Slick, a minority women-owned fashion brand, activated a\n Wholesale Creator Affiliate Open Plan to allow creators to\n feature products at competitive prices through shoppable content\n on TK. The videos have experienced weekly top performing content\n success.\n \n \n \n >$1M\n Creator Affiliate Sales Since Launch\n \n \n >200M\n Affiliate Content Views Since Launch\n \n \n >$50K\n Creator Peak Total Sales (Single Video)\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Wyze\n \n Wyze, a smart home products start-up, has risen to one of the\n top selling Electronics brands on TikTok by leveraging the\n Wholesale Affiliate plan to allow creators to feature products\n at competitive prices and boosting content with Shop Ads.\n \n \n \n >$1M\n Creator Affiliate sales (60 days)\n \n \n >100M\n Content views (60 days)\n \n \n $100K\n Peak total Sales (single video)\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n See what Wholesale can do For You.\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Wholesale Academy is the central educational hub for sellers and creators to\n discover tools and best practices to maximize their earning potential on\n Wholesale.\n \n \n \n \n \n \n The Affiliate Program connects creators and sellers through creativity and\n commission. Sellers can find creators in the Creator Connect portal and pay\n commission on successful sales, and creators can find products and brands to\n promote through their content.\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Need help?\n \n \n Frequently Asked Questions\n \n Visit"],["topImageUrl",null],["error",null]]}]}],["text","https://shop.xstka.com"],["id","s8wk64dpxwul"],["createdAt","2026-01-15T02:12:50.842Z"]]}],["reply",{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["id","nEfez5wBB0eXeo82B8Wb"],["user",{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["id","AVriAlOoyrDaTqlmmqhC"],["name","Lin"],["avatarUrl",null],["level",22]]}],["type","NOT_ARTICLE"],["text","連結失效"],["reference",""],["hyperlinks",{"__iterable":"List","data":[]}],["createdAt","2026-03-08T23:52:40.620Z"]]}]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["article",{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["replyCount",1],["references",{"__iterable":"List","data":[{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["type","LINE"]]}]}],["replyRequestCount",1],["user",{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["id","j4S8C_1Tmqnm858lY6LDsmhR4RHDW_L0tjuBohSAyQgENBZaA"],["name","樂觀的礁溪巴薩羅穆"],["avatarUrl",null],["level",0]]}],["hyperlinks",{"__iterable":"List","data":[{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","Wholesale | buy, sell and discover on TK"],["url","https://tiktok.tkatw.com/"],["summary","A shopping experience built for TK\n Wholesale is a completely personalized and fully integrated commerce solution,\n where sellers authentically connect with creators and communities to drive\n meaningful shopping experiences.\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Discovery and Joy\n \n Entertainment combines with commerce through authentic and\n relatable content, sparking inspiration that leads to purchase.\n \n \n \n \n \n Trusted Advocates\n \n TK creators bring a fresh take on shopping, helping brands build\n trust by showcasing products through their content.\n \n \n \n \n \n Passionate Communities\n \n Brands can develop a lasting relationship with an exploding\n community of users already talking about your products on TK.\n \n \n \n \n \n Frictionless Checkout\n \n Convenient and trusted, from the For You Page through secure\n check-out, order management, and support. Less friction makes\n for a happier purchase.\n \n \n \n \n \n Scaleable Ecosystems\n \n Support for your business, no matter the size. From logistics to\n post-sale management, you'll find the tools you need to\n grow.\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Shopping made simple\n Powered by TK's unique discovery engine, TK Shop enables brands and\n creators to showcase and sell products directly on TK, through a suite of in-app\n shopping touchpoints.\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n LIVE shopping\n \n Promote, sell and engage with your audience, all in real time.\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Shoppable videos\n \n Create entertaining videos with your products just a tap away.\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Shop Page\n \n Display your product catalog within your own in-app shop.\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Shop Tab\n \n Display your products on a centralized marketplace within TK.\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Wholesale, for you\n\n \n \n \n \n Seller\n \n Wholesale enables brands to showcase and sell products for\n the TK community to discover and purchase.\n \n \n \n \n Purchase & Conversion\n \n \n Integrated in-app checkout means discovery and\n purchase happens in one place to reduce friction in\n the buyer's journey.\n \n \n \n \n Campaigns & Promotions\n \n Get access to Wholesale's platform\n campaigns,\n Wholesale Ads, and an extensive selection of promotional\n tools.\n \n \n \n \n Affiliate for Sellers\n \n \n Discover, communicate, and collaborate with\n thousands of creators through our Affiliate Program,\n directly accessible on Wholesale.\n \n \n \n \n Apps & Services\n \n Manage your shop, products, order and\n fulfillment with diverse integration and service\n solutions on the\n Wholesale App Store.\n \n \n \n \n Learn More\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Creator\n \n Wholesale allows creators to spotlight and promote products\n they love to their community, and activate new revenue\n streams.\n \n \n \n \n Quick & Seamless Experience\n \n \n Browse, select, and add products into short videos\n and LIVEs to start promoting in just a few taps.\n \n \n \n \n Earning and Growth Opportunities\n \n \n Get paid commission on your generated sales through\n our Affiliate Program, directly accessible on\n Wholesale.\n \n \n \n \n Accessible Partnerships with Brands\n \n \n Develop relationships and commercial collaboration\n opportunities with brands across all categories.\n \n \n \n \n Access to Top Products\n \n \n Explore best selling and creator favorites to\n feature directly in content by browsing the\n Wholesale Product Marketplace.\n \n \n \n Learn More\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Partner\n \n Wholesale connects partners with sellers, creators, and\n resources to help them succeed.\n \n \n \n \n Matchmaking with Sellers & Creators\n \n \n Grow your client base by servicing sellers and\n creators seeking expert support in commerce &\n content.\n \n \n \n \n Substantial Training & Resources for Partners\n \n \n Leverage dedicated training programs to master it\n all, from the fundamentals, to best practices and\n beyond.\n \n \n \n \n Incentive Opportunities\n \n \n Support your business with monetized incentives,\n unlocking earning potential through a mix of\n platform support, including ad credit.\n \n \n \n \n Scalable Services\n \n \n Get access to a mix of technology, resources,\n logistics services, and payment methods to increase\n your operational efficiency.\n \n \n \n Learn More\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Shopper\n \n Wholesale inspires shoppers through entertainment, and\n guides them to discover brands and products they want to see\n most.\n \n \n \n \n Complete In-App Experience\n \n \n Shop through LIVEs, engaging in-feed videos, or by\n tapping the shop icon on a brand or creator profile,\n and checkout directly within TK.\n \n \n \n \n Authentic Recommendations\n \n \n Discover new brands and products recommended by the\n TK community.\n \n \n \n \n Safe & Seamless Shopping\n \n \n Shop within a trustworthy and seamless shopping\n experience that is fun and entertaining, from\n discovery straight through to secure checkout.\n \n \n \n \n Exclusive Offers\n \n \n Enjoy the excitement of discovering exclusive\n products, and amazing deals and promotions.\n \n \n \n Start Shopping\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n of TK users discover new brands and products on TK1\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n TK users are likely to buy something while using TK2\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n say that TK plays a role in purchase decisions3\n \n \n \n \n \n Sources: (1) TK Marketing Science Global Retail Path to Purchase (US Results)\n conducted by Material August 2021. (2) TK Marketing Science Global Entertainment\n Study (US Results) conducted by Material, December 2021. (3) Marketing Science EU\n Holiday Shopping Behavior Research 2020 conducted by Walnut International for TK For\n Business.\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Brandon The Plant Guy\n \n Brandon runs his plant business in his apartment where plant\n lovers can learn about and purchase plants. He offers LIVE\n Shopping viewers a valuable Free Gift with any purchase offer,\n educates how to purchase, and drives urgency by alerting viewers\n that his ”items sell out quickly, so don’t wait!”\n \n \n \n >1.5M\n Total LIVE Views Since Launch\n \n \n >15K\n Orders Since Launch\n \n \n >$350K\n LIVE Shopping Sales Since Launch\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n KimChi Chic Beauty\n \n Over a period of just 3 months, Kimchichic identified and\n sustained a lucrative content model for their LIVE shopping\n program, deepened their connection with their community, and\n offered a new and engaging way for their customers to shop on\n TK.\n \n \n \n >75x\n GMV uplift from week 1 to peak (90 days)\n \n \n +238%\n Higher average product Click-through-rate\n \n \n +10k\n Followers growth (90 days)\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Zuumtech\n \n Zuumtech’s Wholesale has quickly grown to be their #1 best\n performing sales channel. Wholesale has been instrumental in\n resolving Zuumtech’s largest hurdle of demonstrating the value\n and solution of a premium priced item at $225.\n \n \n \n 7x\n LIVE Shopping GMV increase (45 days)\n \n \n >500K\n Peak total viewers (per Live event)\n \n \n 0 to >20k+\n Follower growth (45 days)\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Willow Boutique\n \n Willow Boutique, a Cincinnati-based online clothing boutique,\n joined Wholesale in November of 2022 in an effort to connect and\n grow their audience. Adopting a consistent LIVE selling\n strategy, amplified with LIVE Shopping Ads, Willow Boutique has\n become a top fashion seller in under 1 year.\n \n \n \n >$500K\n Total GMV (60 days)\n \n \n >$250K\n LIVE Shopping GMV (60 days)\n \n \n >+100K\n Follower growth (60 days)\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Soo Slick\n \n Soo Slick, a minority women-owned fashion brand, activated a\n Wholesale Creator Affiliate Open Plan to allow creators to\n feature products at competitive prices through shoppable content\n on TK. The videos have experienced weekly top performing content\n success.\n \n \n \n >$1M\n Creator Affiliate Sales Since Launch\n \n \n >200M\n Affiliate Content Views Since Launch\n \n \n >$50K\n Creator Peak Total Sales (Single Video)\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Wyze\n \n Wyze, a smart home products start-up, has risen to one of the\n top selling Electronics brands on TikTok by leveraging the\n Wholesale Affiliate plan to allow creators to feature products\n at competitive prices and boosting content with Shop Ads.\n \n \n \n >$1M\n Creator Affiliate sales (60 days)\n \n \n >100M\n Content views (60 days)\n \n \n $100K\n Peak total Sales (single video)\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n See what Wholesale can do For You.\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Wholesale Academy is the central educational hub for sellers and creators to\n discover tools and best practices to maximize their earning potential on\n Wholesale.\n \n \n \n \n \n \n The Affiliate Program connects creators and sellers through creativity and\n commission. Sellers can find creators in the Creator Connect portal and pay\n commission on successful sales, and creators can find products and brands to\n promote through their content.\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Need help?\n \n \n Frequently Asked Questions\n \n Visit"],["topImageUrl",null],["error",null]]}]}],["text","https://tiktok.tkatw.com/"],["id","2y4dcsvj48a2w"],["createdAt","2026-01-15T02:12:50.840Z"]]}],["reply",{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["id","oUfgz5wBB0eXeo82NcUp"],["user",{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["id","AVriAlOoyrDaTqlmmqhC"],["name","Lin"],["avatarUrl",null],["level",22]]}],["type","OPINIONATED"],["text","TikTok Shop 是直接在 TikTok (抖音) 內購買商品的購物方式。但這並不表示該平台就沒有詐騙或其他的風險。詐騙集團可能要求買家在 TikTok Shop 的安全支付系統之外支付貨款，例如透過銀行匯款或未經驗證的支付連結。這會讓買家在未收到商品時求助無門。詐騙集團可能要求買家在 TikTok Shop 的安全支付系統之外支付貨款，例如透過銀行匯款或未經驗證的支付連結。這會讓買家在未收到商品時求助無門。"],["reference","https://blog.trendmicro.com.tw/?p=83669"],["hyperlinks",{"__iterable":"List","data":[{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title",""],["url","https://blog.trendmicro.com.tw/?p=83669"],["summary",""],["topImageUrl",null],["error","NOT_REACHABLE"]]}]}],["createdAt","2026-03-08T23:55:03.348Z"]]}]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["article",{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["replyCount",1],["references",{"__iterable":"List","data":[{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["type","LINE"]]}]}],["replyRequestCount",1],["user",{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["id","j4S8C_1Tmqnm858lY6LDsmhR4RHDW_L0tjuBohSAyQgENBZaA"],["name","樂觀的礁溪巴薩羅穆"],["avatarUrl",null],["level",0]]}],["hyperlinks",{"__iterable":"List","data":[{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","Wholesale | buy, sell and discover on TK"],["url","https://tiktok.rrtknb.com"],["summary","A shopping experience built for TK\n Wholesale is a completely personalized and fully integrated commerce solution,\n where sellers authentically connect with creators and communities to drive\n meaningful shopping experiences.\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Discovery and Joy\n \n Entertainment combines with commerce through authentic and\n relatable content, sparking inspiration that leads to purchase.\n \n \n \n \n \n Trusted Advocates\n \n TK creators bring a fresh take on shopping, helping brands build\n trust by showcasing products through their content.\n \n \n \n \n \n Passionate Communities\n \n Brands can develop a lasting relationship with an exploding\n community of users already talking about your products on TK.\n \n \n \n \n \n Frictionless Checkout\n \n Convenient and trusted, from the For You Page through secure\n check-out, order management, and support. Less friction makes\n for a happier purchase.\n \n \n \n \n \n Scaleable Ecosystems\n \n Support for your business, no matter the size. From logistics to\n post-sale management, you'll find the tools you need to\n grow.\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Shopping made simple\n Powered by TK's unique discovery engine, TK Shop enables brands and\n creators to showcase and sell products directly on TK, through a suite of in-app\n shopping touchpoints.\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n LIVE shopping\n \n Promote, sell and engage with your audience, all in real time.\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Shoppable videos\n \n Create entertaining videos with your products just a tap away.\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Shop Page\n \n Display your product catalog within your own in-app shop.\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Shop Tab\n \n Display your products on a centralized marketplace within TK.\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Wholesale, for you\n\n \n \n \n \n Seller\n \n Wholesale enables brands to showcase and sell products for\n the TK community to discover and purchase.\n \n \n \n \n Purchase & Conversion\n \n \n Integrated in-app checkout means discovery and\n purchase happens in one place to reduce friction in\n the buyer's journey.\n \n \n \n \n Campaigns & Promotions\n \n Get access to Wholesale's platform\n campaigns,\n Wholesale Ads, and an extensive selection of promotional\n tools.\n \n \n \n \n Affiliate for Sellers\n \n \n Discover, communicate, and collaborate with\n thousands of creators through our Affiliate Program,\n directly accessible on Wholesale.\n \n \n \n \n Apps & Services\n \n Manage your shop, products, order and\n fulfillment with diverse integration and service\n solutions on the\n Wholesale App Store.\n \n \n \n \n Learn More\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Creator\n \n Wholesale allows creators to spotlight and promote products\n they love to their community, and activate new revenue\n streams.\n \n \n \n \n Quick & Seamless Experience\n \n \n Browse, select, and add products into short videos\n and LIVEs to start promoting in just a few taps.\n \n \n \n \n Earning and Growth Opportunities\n \n \n Get paid commission on your generated sales through\n our Affiliate Program, directly accessible on\n Wholesale.\n \n \n \n \n Accessible Partnerships with Brands\n \n \n Develop relationships and commercial collaboration\n opportunities with brands across all categories.\n \n \n \n \n Access to Top Products\n \n \n Explore best selling and creator favorites to\n feature directly in content by browsing the\n Wholesale Product Marketplace.\n \n \n \n Learn More\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Partner\n \n Wholesale connects partners with sellers, creators, and\n resources to help them succeed.\n \n \n \n \n Matchmaking with Sellers & Creators\n \n \n Grow your client base by servicing sellers and\n creators seeking expert support in commerce &\n content.\n \n \n \n \n Substantial Training & Resources for Partners\n \n \n Leverage dedicated training programs to master it\n all, from the fundamentals, to best practices and\n beyond.\n \n \n \n \n Incentive Opportunities\n \n \n Support your business with monetized incentives,\n unlocking earning potential through a mix of\n platform support, including ad credit.\n \n \n \n \n Scalable Services\n \n \n Get access to a mix of technology, resources,\n logistics services, and payment methods to increase\n your operational efficiency.\n \n \n \n Learn More\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Shopper\n \n Wholesale inspires shoppers through entertainment, and\n guides them to discover brands and products they want to see\n most.\n \n \n \n \n Complete In-App Experience\n \n \n Shop through LIVEs, engaging in-feed videos, or by\n tapping the shop icon on a brand or creator profile,\n and checkout directly within TK.\n \n \n \n \n Authentic Recommendations\n \n \n Discover new brands and products recommended by the\n TK community.\n \n \n \n \n Safe & Seamless Shopping\n \n \n Shop within a trustworthy and seamless shopping\n experience that is fun and entertaining, from\n discovery straight through to secure checkout.\n \n \n \n \n Exclusive Offers\n \n \n Enjoy the excitement of discovering exclusive\n products, and amazing deals and promotions.\n \n \n \n Start Shopping\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n of TK users discover new brands and products on TK1\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n TK users are likely to buy something while using TK2\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n say that TK plays a role in purchase decisions3\n \n \n \n \n \n Sources: (1) TK Marketing Science Global Retail Path to Purchase (US Results)\n conducted by Material August 2021. (2) TK Marketing Science Global Entertainment\n Study (US Results) conducted by Material, December 2021. (3) Marketing Science EU\n Holiday Shopping Behavior Research 2020 conducted by Walnut International for TK For\n Business.\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Brandon The Plant Guy\n \n Brandon runs his plant business in his apartment where plant\n lovers can learn about and purchase plants. He offers LIVE\n Shopping viewers a valuable Free Gift with any purchase offer,\n educates how to purchase, and drives urgency by alerting viewers\n that his ”items sell out quickly, so don’t wait!”\n \n \n \n >1.5M\n Total LIVE Views Since Launch\n \n \n >15K\n Orders Since Launch\n \n \n >$350K\n LIVE Shopping Sales Since Launch\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n KimChi Chic Beauty\n \n Over a period of just 3 months, Kimchichic identified and\n sustained a lucrative content model for their LIVE shopping\n program, deepened their connection with their community, and\n offered a new and engaging way for their customers to shop on\n TK.\n \n \n \n >75x\n GMV uplift from week 1 to peak (90 days)\n \n \n +238%\n Higher average product Click-through-rate\n \n \n +10k\n Followers growth (90 days)\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Zuumtech\n \n Zuumtech’s Wholesale has quickly grown to be their #1 best\n performing sales channel. Wholesale has been instrumental in\n resolving Zuumtech’s largest hurdle of demonstrating the value\n and solution of a premium priced item at $225.\n \n \n \n 7x\n LIVE Shopping GMV increase (45 days)\n \n \n >500K\n Peak total viewers (per Live event)\n \n \n 0 to >20k+\n Follower growth (45 days)\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Willow Boutique\n \n Willow Boutique, a Cincinnati-based online clothing boutique,\n joined Wholesale in November of 2022 in an effort to connect and\n grow their audience. Adopting a consistent LIVE selling\n strategy, amplified with LIVE Shopping Ads, Willow Boutique has\n become a top fashion seller in under 1 year.\n \n \n \n >$500K\n Total GMV (60 days)\n \n \n >$250K\n LIVE Shopping GMV (60 days)\n \n \n >+100K\n Follower growth (60 days)\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Soo Slick\n \n Soo Slick, a minority women-owned fashion brand, activated a\n Wholesale Creator Affiliate Open Plan to allow creators to\n feature products at competitive prices through shoppable content\n on TK. The videos have experienced weekly top performing content\n success.\n \n \n \n >$1M\n Creator Affiliate Sales Since Launch\n \n \n >200M\n Affiliate Content Views Since Launch\n \n \n >$50K\n Creator Peak Total Sales (Single Video)\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Wyze\n \n Wyze, a smart home products start-up, has risen to one of the\n top selling Electronics brands on TikTok by leveraging the\n Wholesale Affiliate plan to allow creators to feature products\n at competitive prices and boosting content with Shop Ads.\n \n \n \n >$1M\n Creator Affiliate sales (60 days)\n \n \n >100M\n Content views (60 days)\n \n \n $100K\n Peak total Sales (single video)\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n See what Wholesale can do For You.\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Wholesale Academy is the central educational hub for sellers and creators to\n discover tools and best practices to maximize their earning potential on\n Wholesale.\n \n \n \n \n \n \n The Affiliate Program connects creators and sellers through creativity and\n commission. Sellers can find creators in the Creator Connect portal and pay\n commission on successful sales, and creators can find products and brands to\n promote through their content.\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Need help?\n \n \n Frequently Asked Questions\n \n Visit"],["topImageUrl",null],["error",null]]}]}],["text","https://tiktok.rrtknb.com"],["id","26kl2hm8elqui"],["createdAt","2026-01-15T02:12:50.843Z"]]}],["reply",{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["id","p0fhz5wBB0eXeo82H8Va"],["user",{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["id","AVriAlOoyrDaTqlmmqhC"],["name","Lin"],["avatarUrl",null],["level",22]]}],["type","OPINIONATED"],["text","TikTok Shop 是直接在 TikTok (抖音) 內購買商品的購物方式。但這並不表示該平台就沒有詐騙或其他的風險。詐騙集團可能要求買家在 TikTok Shop 的安全支付系統之外支付貨款，例如透過銀行匯款或未經驗證的支付連結。這會讓買家在未收到商品時求助無門。詐騙集團可能要求買家在 TikTok Shop 的安全支付系統之外支付貨款，例如透過銀行匯款或未經驗證的支付連結。這會讓買家在未收到商品時求助無門。"],["reference","https://blog.trendmicro.com.tw/?p=83669"],["hyperlinks",{"__iterable":"List","data":[{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title",""],["url","https://blog.trendmicro.com.tw/?p=83669"],["summary",""],["topImageUrl",null],["error","NOT_REACHABLE"]]}]}],["createdAt","2026-03-08T23:56:03.293Z"]]}]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["article",{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["replyCount",1],["references",{"__iterable":"List","data":[{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["type","LINE"]]}]}],["replyRequestCount",3],["user",{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["id","j4S8C_0tTTQpwmA4ox1xB1epq96m71pv3Zl7FebeA7K_0-8hI"],["name","Oo肯定的西屯維克oO"],["avatarUrl",null],["level",0]]}],["hyperlinks",{"__iterable":"List","data":[{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","TikTok Shop"],["url","www.dowtittok.com"],["summary","TikTok shop,platform's fully managed operation modelProviding quality goods and services to global consumers and comprehensive support for merchants to help them rapidly expand into the global market.About TikTok ShopTikTok Shop’s fully managed operation model is an innovative business model that provides comprehensive support services to both merchants and consumers, helping merchants rapidly expand into the global marketplace and achieve their sales goals, while at the same time providing consumers with high-quality products and a good service experience, creating a win-win situation for both parties. In short, it is a business model that allows merchants to focus on order management and get rid of operational worries!DiscoveryEntertainment meets commerce through authentic and relatable shopping content, that sparks inspiration leading to purchase.Trusted CreatorsCreators show up differently on TikTok, bringing a fresh take on shopping by helping brands build trust and influence through authentic content.Engaging CommunitiesTikTok communities drive discovery and influence culture. Brands can build lasting relationships with users by tapping into these existing communities.Easy & Safe ShoppingRevolutionising the shopping journey, from the For You Page to a safe and secure check-out, order management, and support all within the app.Scaleable EcosystemsSupport for your business, no matter the size. From logistics to post-sale management, you'll find the tools you need to grow.Full hosting operation modeOne piece of hair serviceOne for sending service is the supplier directly from the warehouse to the buyer's service, the seller does not need to prepare and shipment. This service model can help sellers reduce warehousing costs and improve efficiency. At the same time, attention should also be paid to confirm the reliability of the supplier to ensure the quality of goods and the timeliness of delivery.Rapid store openingRapid store opening is a way to quickly set up and operate a store through a simplified process, which is suitable for startups and small merchants.free stationingFree entry is a kind of free store opening or registration service provided by the platform, which allows merchants or individuals to display and sell their goods or services on the platform without paying any fees.One-click commodity importOne-click commodity import is a function on the e-commerce platform that allows sellers to quickly import commodity information from other platforms or files into their own stores, improving work efficiency and ensuring information accuracy.Professional customer service team and after-sales serviceAfter-sales service supportTikTok shop platform provides comprehensive after-sales service, including product returns, order inquiries, logistics tracking, etc., to provide consumers with a worry-free shopping experience.Professional Customer Service TeamThe customer service team of the TikTok shop platform consists of experienced customer service personnel who have received professional training and are able to provide efficient and professional services to merchants and consumers.Global MarketTik Tok shop platform covers many countries and regions around the world, providing merchants with a platform for cross-border sales, helping them break through geographical restrictions and easily expand the global market.The platform provides comprehensive cross-border e-commerce servicesOverseas Warehousing International Logistics Cross-border PaymentFrequently Asked Questions+I don't have any followers, can I apply for a TikTok Shop?+What do I need to open a TikTok Shop?+How do I open a store on Tiktok quickly?+How do I add products to my TikTok Shop?+How do I sell on TikTokShop?In the future, users around the world will be able to purchase goods directly through TikTok storesThe user base is large, the products are rich, the number of sellers is currently small, and the platform dividends are huge1,678,643,871Global downloads1,143,879,685Monthly active user75 speciesGlobal languageJoin the TikTok Shop"],["topImageUrl",null],["error",null]]}]}],["text","www.dowtittok.com"],["id","2lr9i1ew9fgpa"],["createdAt","2024-07-31T13:42:20.783Z"]]}],["reply",{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["id","m0fdz5wBB0eXeo82ycUy"],["user",{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["id","AVriAlOoyrDaTqlmmqhC"],["name","Lin"],["avatarUrl",null],["level",22]]}],["type","NOT_ARTICLE"],["text","連結失效"],["reference",""],["hyperlinks",{"__iterable":"List","data":[]}],["createdAt","2026-03-08T23:52:24.632Z"]]}]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["article",{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["replyCount",1],["references",{"__iterable":"List","data":[{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["type","LINE"]]}]}],["replyRequestCount",1],["user",{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["id","j4S8C_UfQQV5DOzBS2g4wzL2of4IFd9BTOUSK-cyh3GqYnfRE"],["name","好交際的橋頭奧麗芙"],["avatarUrl",null],["level",0]]}],["hyperlinks",{"__iterable":"List","data":[{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","キャンペーンに賛同！"],["url","https://www.change.org/p/california-state-assembly-members-vote-no-to-aca-5"],["summary","Dear California State Assembly Members,\nWe have learned that Assembly Constitutional Amendment No. 5 (ACA-5) has been introduced to repeal Proposition 209. The bill is publicly viewable at this webpage [Link]. We strongly urge you to vote No on this bill!\nTo understand ACA-5, we have to remember what Proposition 209 is. In November 1996, Proposition 209 (also known as the California Civil Rights Initiative) amended the state constitution to prohibit state government institutions from discriminating against, or granting preferential treatment to, any individual or group on the basis of race, sex, color, ethnicity, or national origin in the operation of public employment, public education, or public contracting. In the 23 years that Proposition 209 took effect, California has become the most diversified state in the US. Also, we fully support comprehensive measures having since been introduced to help students from disadvantaged families obtain higher education.\nOn August, 28, 1962, MLK said, \"I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin but by the content of their character.\" Yet, 58 years later, some Californian legislators are proposing to entirely repeal Proposition 209 and unfairly roll the clock back to legalize discriminating a person based on her/his race, sex, color, ethnicity, or national origin. We are outraged!\nThe 14th Amendment of the US Constitution clearly states that no state shall deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of its laws. ACA-5 re-introduces racial presences, still a form of racial discrimination, into the state law. Therefore, it violates the US Constitution. It will divide California and pit one group of citizens against another simply based on their race, sex, color, ethnicity or national origin. It will minimize the accomplishments of minority groups to a simple result of preferential treatment, a blow to their extraordinary hard work and sacrifice.\nWe hereby strongly urge you to vote NO on ACA-5!"],["topImageUrl",null],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","ACA \n 5-\n AMENDED"],["url","https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=201920200ACA5&from=groupmessage&isappinstalled=0"],["summary","Amended\n IN \n Assembly\n March 09, 2020\n CALIFORNIA LEGISLATURE—\n 2019–2020 REGULAR SESSION\n Assembly Constitutional Amendment\n No. 5Introduced by Assembly Member Quirk-Silva Members Weber and Gipson(Coauthors: Assembly Members Gonzalez, Jones-Sawyer, and Kamlager)(Coauthor: Senator Mitchell)January 18, 2019A resolution to propose to the people of the State of California an amendment to the Constitution of the State, by amending Section 9 of Article IX thereof, relating to the University of California. repealing Section 31 of Article I thereof, relating to government preferences.LEGISLATIVE COUNSEL'S DIGESTACA 5, as amended, Quirk-Silva Weber.\n University of California: Office of the President of the University of California: terms of regents. Government preferences.The California Constitution, pursuant to provisions enacted by the initiative Proposition 209 in 1996, prohibits the state from discriminating against, or granting preferential treatment to, any individual or group on the basis of race, sex, color, ethnicity, or national origin in the operation of public employment, public education, or public contracting. The California Constitution defines the state for these purposes to include the state, any city, county, public university system, community college district, school district, special district, or any other political subdivision or governmental instrumentality of, or within, the state.This measure would repeal these provisions. The measure would also make a statement of legislative findings in this\n\t\t\t regard.Existing\n\t\t\t provisions of the California Constitution establish the University of California as a public trust under the administration of the Regents of the University of California. The California Constitution grants to the regents all the powers necessary or convenient for the effective administration of this public trust. Pursuant to the California Constitution, there are 7 ex officio members of the regents and 18 appointive members appointed by the Governor and approved by the Senate, a majority of the membership concurring. The members of the regents serve 12-year terms.This measure would require, on or before October 1 of each year, the Office of the President of the University of California to submit a written report to the regents, the Governor, and the appropriate policy and fiscal committees of the Legislature specifying its receipts and expenditures for the immediately preceding fiscal year. The measure would also require that an appropriation for the Office of the\n\t\t\t President of the University of California be made only pursuant to an item in the annual Budget Bill relating solely to that office, as specified.The measure would also add the Chancellor of the California Community Colleges to the regents as a voting ex officio member, and would provide that the President of the University of California would be a nonvoting, rather than a voting, ex officio member.The measure would prohibit the appointment of members of the regents appointed to the board before March 4, 2020, to additional terms after that date, and would further require that members of the regents appointed on and after March 4, 2020, would serve 4-year terms, with the exception of 5 appointive positions on the board that would be filled, through appointments by the Governor, by faculty, students, and classified employees of the university for 2-year terms, as specified.The\n\t\t\t measure would specify the qualifications required of these faculty, student, and classified employee appointees to the board, whose 2-year terms would commence with the expiration of 12-year terms on March 1 of 2020, 2021, and 2022, as prescribed. The measure would repeal, on March 4, 2020, existing authority of the members of the board to appoint a member of the faculty of the university or a student of the university, or both, to the board.The measure would prohibit any officer or employee of the university, other than a member of the faculty, from receiving compensation, as defined, that exceeds $200,000 per year, unless that compensation is approved by a vote of the regents in a public meeting.Digest Key\n Vote:\n 2/3 \n Appropriation:\n NO \n Fiscal Committee:\n YES \n Local Program:\n NO Bill TextWHEREAS, Equal opportunity is deeply rooted in the American ideals of fairness, justice, and equality. Programs to meet the goals of equal opportunity seek to realize these basic values. Equal opportunity not only helps individuals, but also helps communities in need and benefits our larger society. California’s equal opportunity program was upended by the passage of Proposition 209 in 1996; andWHEREAS, Proposition 209, entitled the California Civil Rights Initiative, amended Article I of the California Constitution to prohibit race- and gender-conscious remedies to rectify the underutilization of women and people of color in public employment, as well as public contracting and education; andWHEREAS, Proposition 209 invalidated a series of laws that had been enacted by the California Legislature over the 20 years prior to it that required state agencies to eliminate traditional patterns of segregation and exclusion in the workforce, to increase the representation of women and minorities in the state service by identifying jobs for which their employment was underrepresented due to discrimination, and to develop action plans to remedy such underrepresentation without effectuating quota systems; andWHEREAS, Proposition 209 also overshadowed other landmark civil rights and antidiscrimination laws. In 1959, after a 37-year campaign by labor and civil rights groups, the Unruh Civil Rights Act was passed, which was the forerunner of the Civil Rights Act of 1964; andWHEREAS, As a result of the passage of Proposition 209, women and people of color continue to face discrimination and disparity in opportunities to participate in numerous forms of association and work that are crucial to the development of talents and capabilities that enable people to contribute meaningfully to, and benefit from, the collective possibilities of national life; andWHEREAS, The State of California has provided employment opportunities for people of color and women of all races. However, lingering, and even increasing, disparity still exists, particularly for Black Americans, Latino Americans, and women, and should be rectified; andWHEREAS, Proposition 209 has impeded California’s continuing interest in supporting the equal participation of women in the workforce and in public works projects, in addressing the historical and present manifestations of gender bias, and in promulgating policies to enforce antidiscrimination in the workplace and on public projects; andWHEREAS, In the wake of Proposition 209, California saw stark workforce diversity reductions for people of color and women in public contracting and in public education. Studies show that more diverse workforces perform better financially and are significantly more productive and focused; andWHEREAS, Since the passage of Proposition 209, the state’s minority-owned and women-owned business enterprise programs have been decimated. A 2016 study conservatively estimates that the implementation of Proposition 209 cost women and people of color over $1,000,000,000 annually in lost contract awards. Most procurement and subcontracting processes remain effectively closed to these groups due to the changes brought on by Proposition 209; andWHEREAS, Women are vastly underrepresented among firms receiving public contracts and the dollars awarded to certified women-owned business enterprises fell by roughly 40 percent, compared to levels before Proposition 209. In addition, only one-third of certified minority business enterprises in California’s transportation construction industry are still in operation today, compared to 20 years ago; andWHEREAS, Women, particularly women of color, continue to face unequal pay for equal work. White women are paid 80 cents to every dollar paid to white men doing the same work. Black women are paid 60 cents for every dollar paid to white men doing the same work and would theoretically have to work an extra seven months every year to overcome that differential. This persistent gender wage gap continues to harm women, their families, and communities; andWHEREAS, Despite a booming economy with almost full employment, a persistent racial wealth gap remains rooted in income inequality. Improving minority access to educational and labor market opportunity reduces the wealth gap and strengthens the economy; andWHEREAS, Proposition 209 has had a devastating impact on minority equal opportunity and access to California’s publicly funded institutions of higher education. This violates the spirit of the California Master Plan for Higher Education by making it more difficult for many students to obtain an affordable and accessible high quality public education. While federal law allows schools to use race as a factor when making admissions decisions, California universities are prohibited by Proposition 209 from engaging in targeted outreach and extra efforts to matriculate high-performing minority students. This reduces the graduation rates of students of color and, in turn, contributes to the diminution of the “pipeline” of candidates of color for faculty positions; andWHEREAS, Since the passage of Proposition 209, diversity within public educational institutions has been stymied. Proposition 209 instigated a dramatic change in admissions policy at the University of California, with underrepresented group enrollment at the Berkeley and Los Angeles campuses of the University of California immediately falling by more than 60 percent and systemwide underrepresented group enrollment falling by at least 12 percent. Underrepresented group high school graduates faced substantial long-term declines in educational and employment outcomes as a result of these changes; andWHEREAS, Among California high school graduates who apply to the University of California, passage of Proposition 209 has led to a decreased likelihood of earning a college degree within six years, a decreased likelihood of ever earning a graduate degree, and long-run declines in average wages and the likelihood of earning high wages measured by California standards. The University of California has never recovered the same level of diversity that it had before the loss of affirmative action nearly 20 years ago, a level that, at the time, was widely considered to be inadequate to meet the needs of the state and its young people because it did not achieve parity with the state’s ethnic demographics; andWHEREAS, The importance of diversity in educational settings cannot be overstated. The Supreme Court of the United States outlined the benefits that arise from diversity, as follows, “the destruction of stereotypes, the promotion of cross-racial understanding, the preparation of a student body for an increasingly diverse workforce and society, and the cultivation of a set of leaders with legitimacy in the eyes of the citizenry”; andWHEREAS, Federal courts continue to reaffirm the value of diversity in favor of race conscious admissions, as exemplified by United States District Judge Allison D. Burroughs who stated, “race conscious admissions programs that survive strict scrutiny have an important place in society and help ensure that colleges and universities can offer a diverse atmosphere that fosters learning, improves scholarship, and encourages mutual respect and understanding. Further, Judge Burroughs recognized that there are no race-neutral alternatives that would allow a university to achieve an adequately diverse student body while still perpetuating its standards for academic and other forms of excellence; andWHEREAS, It is the intent of the Legislature that California remedy discrimination against, and underrepresentation of, certain disadvantaged groups in a manner consistent with the United States Constitution and allow gender, racial, and ethnic diversity to be considered among the factors used to decide college admissions and hiring and contracting by government institutions; andWHEREAS, It is further the intent of the Legislature that California transcend a legacy of unequal treatment of marginalized groups and promote fairness and equal citizenship by affording the members of marginalized groups a fair and full opportunity to be integrated into state public institutions that advance upward mobility, pay equity, and racial wealth gap reduction; now, therefore be itResolved by the Assembly, the Senate concurring, That the Legislature of the State of California at its 2019–20 Regular Session commencing on the third day of December 2018, two-thirds of the membership of each house concurring, hereby proposes to the people of the State of California, that the Constitution of the State be amended as follows: That Section 31 of Article I thereof is repealed.SEC. 31.(a)The State shall not discriminate against, or grant preferential treatment to, any individual or group on the basis of race, sex, color, ethnicity, or national origin in the operation of public employment, public education, or public contracting.(b)This section shall apply only to action taken after the section’s effective date.(c)Nothing in this section shall be\ninterpreted as prohibiting bona fide qualifications based on sex which are reasonably necessary to the normal operation of public employment, public education, or public contracting.(d)Nothing in this section shall be interpreted as invalidating any court order or consent decree which is in force as of the effective date of this section.(e)Nothing in this section shall be interpreted as prohibiting action which must be taken to establish or maintain eligibility for any federal program, where ineligibility would result in a loss of federal funds to the State.(f)For the purposes of this section, “State” shall include, but not necessarily be limited to, the State itself, any city, county, city and county, public university system, including the University of California, community college district, school district,\nspecial district, or any other political subdivision or governmental instrumentality of or within the State.(g)The remedies available for violations of this section shall be the same, regardless of the injured party’s race, sex, color, ethnicity, or national origin, as are otherwise available for violations of then-existing California antidiscrimination law.(h)This section shall be self-executing. If any part or parts of this section are found to be in conflict with federal law or the United States Constitution, the section shall be implemented to the maximum extent that federal law and the United States Constitution permit. Any provision held invalid shall be severable from the remaining portions of this section.Resolved by the Assembly, the Senate concurring, That the Legislature of the State of California at its 2019–20 Regular Session commencing on the third day of December 2018, two-thirds of the membership of each house concurring, hereby proposes to the people of the State of California that the Constitution of the State be amended as follows:That Section 9 of Article IX thereof is amended to read:Sec. 9.(a)(1)The University of California shall constitute a public trust, to be administered by the existing corporation known as “The Regents of the University of California,” with full powers of organization and government, subject only to such legislative control as may be necessary to ensure the security of its funds and compliance with the terms of the endowments of the university and such competitive bidding procedures as may be made applicable to the university\n\t\t\t\t\t by statute for the letting of construction contracts, sales of real property, and purchasing of materials, goods, and services.\n\t\t\t\t\t The corporation shall be in form a board composed of seven voting ex officio members, who shall be the Governor, the Lieutenant Governor, the Speaker of the Assembly, the Superintendent of Public Instruction, the Chancellor of the California Community Colleges, the president and the vice president of the alumni association of the\n\t\t\t\t\t university, one nonvoting ex officio member, who shall be the president of the university, and 18 appointive members appointed by the Governor and approved by the Senate, a majority of the membership concurring. The terms of appointive members shall commence and terminate on March 1 of the beginning and ending years of their terms.(2)On or before October 1 of each year, the Office of the President of the University of California shall submit a written report to the regents, the Governor, and the\n\t\t\t\t\t appropriate policy and fiscal committees of the Legislature specifying its receipts and expenditures for the immediately preceding fiscal year. An appropriation for the Office of the President of the University of California shall be made only pursuant to an item in the annual Budget Bill relating solely to that office, and no other moneys appropriated by the Legislature shall be transferred or otherwise made available to that office.(b)(1)The terms of the members appointed before March 4, 2020, shall be 12 years. No member appointed by the Governor before March 4, 2020, may be appointed to the board for an additional term after the completion of his or her term.(2)Except as provided in paragraph (3), the terms of members appointed on and after March 4, 2020, shall be four years. A member appointed on or after March 4, 2020, may be appointed for up to two additional terms after the completion of his or her first\n\t\t\t\t\t term on the board.(3)(A)For a vacancy occurring upon the expiration of a term on March 1, 2020, the Governor shall appoint, and submit for consideration by the Senate, a faculty member of the University of California chosen from a list of four candidates submitted to the Governor by the Academic Senate of the University of California, who, upon approval by the Senate, shall serve a two-year term ending on March 1, 2022. This position shall subsequently be filled by persons appointed in the same manner as specified in this subparagraph, serving two-year terms.(B)For a vacancy occurring upon the expiration of a term on March 1, 2020, the Governor shall appoint, and submit for consideration by the Senate, an undergraduate student of the University of California with at least sophomore standing, chosen from a list of two to five candidates submitted to the\n\t\t\t\t\t Governor by the governing board of a statewide student organization that represents students of the university, who, upon approval by the Senate, shall serve a two-year term ending on March 1, 2022. This position shall subsequently be filled by persons appointed in the same manner as specified in this subparagraph, serving two-year terms. A person who serves on the board pursuant to an appointment made under this subparagraph shall have voting rights on the board only on and after the first March 1 that occurs after the date he or she becomes a member of the board.(C)For a vacancy occurring upon the expiration of a term on March 1, 2021, the Governor shall appoint, and submit for consideration by the Senate, a faculty member of the University of California chosen from a list of four candidates submitted to the Governor by the Academic Senate of the University of California, who, upon approval by the Senate, shall serve a two-year term ending\n\t\t\t\t\t on March 1, 2023. This position shall subsequently be filled by persons appointed in the same manner as specified in this subparagraph, serving two-year terms.(D)For a vacancy occurring upon the expiration of a term on March 1, 2021, the Governor shall appoint, and submit for consideration by the Senate, a graduate student of the University of California, who, upon approval by the Senate, shall serve a two-year term ending on March 1, 2023. This position shall subsequently be filled by persons appointed in the same manner as specified in this subparagraph, serving two-year terms. A person who serves on the board pursuant to an appointment made under this subparagraph shall have voting rights on the board only on and after the first March 1 that occurs after the date he or she becomes a member of the board.(E)For a vacancy occurring upon the expiration of a term on March 1, 2022, the Governor shall appoint, and submit for consideration by the Senate, a classified employee of the University of California chosen from a list of three candidates submitted to the Governor by the exclusive representatives of classified employees of the University of California who, upon approval by the Senate, shall serve a two-year term ending on March 1, 2024. This position shall subsequently be filled by persons appointed in the same manner as specified in this subparagraph, serving two-year terms.(4)In\n\t\t\t\t\t case of any vacancy, the term of office of the appointee to fill that vacancy, who shall be appointed by the Governor and approved by the Senate, a majority of the membership concurring, shall be for the balance of the term for which that vacancy exists.(c)Before March 4, 2020, the members of the board may, in their discretion, following procedures\n\t\t\t\t\t established by them and after consultation with representatives of faculty and students of the university, including appropriate officers of the academic senate and student governments, appoint to the board either or both of the following persons as members with all rights of participation: a member of the faculty at a campus of the university or of another institution of higher education, or a person enrolled as a student at a campus of the university for each regular academic term during his or her service as a member of the board. Any person so appointed shall serve for not less than one year commencing on July\n\t\t\t\t\t 1, provided that no member appointed pursuant to this subdivision shall serve on or after July 1, 2021.(d)Regents shall be able persons broadly reflective of the economic, cultural, and social diversity of the State, including ethnic minorities and women. However, it is not intended that formulas or specific ratios be applied in the selection of regents.(e)In the selection of the\n\t\t\t\t\t regents, the Governor shall consult an advisory committee composed as follows: the Speaker of the Assembly and two public members appointed by the Speaker, the President pro Tempore of the Senate and two public members appointed by the Senate Committee\n\t\t\t\t\t on Rules, two public members appointed by the Governor, the chairperson of the regents of the university, an alumnus or alumna of the university chosen by the alumni association of the university, a student of the university chosen by the Council of Student Body Presidents, and a member of the faculty of the university chosen by the academic senate of the university. Public members shall serve for four years, except that one each of the initially appointed members selected by the Speaker of the Assembly, the President\n\t\t\t\t\t pro\n\t\t\t\t\t Tempore of the Senate, and the Governor shall be appointed to serve for two years; student, alumni, and faculty members shall serve for one year and may not be regents of the university at the time of their service on the advisory committee.(f)(1)The Regents of the University of California shall be vested with the legal title and the management and disposition of the property of the university and of property held for its benefit. The regents shall have the power to take and hold, either by purchase or by donation, or gift, testamentary or otherwise, or in any other manner, without restriction, all\n\t\t\t\t\t real and personal property for the benefit of the university or incidentally to its\n\t\t\t\t\t conduct. However, sales of university real property shall be subject to such competitive bidding procedures as may be provided by statute.(2)The corporation shall also have all the powers necessary or convenient for the effective administration of its trust, including the power to sue and to be sued, to use a seal, and to delegate to its committees or to the faculty of the university, or to others, such authority or functions as it may deem wise.(3)No officer or employee of the university, other than a member of the faculty, shall receive compensation that exceeds two hundred thousand dollars ($200,000) per year unless that compensation is approved by vote of the regents in a public meeting. For purposes of this paragraph, “compensation” includes salary, retirement benefits and other benefits, perquisites, severance payments, and any other form of compensation.(4)The regents shall receive all funds derived from the sale of lands pursuant to the act of Congress of July 2, 1862, and any subsequent acts amendatory thereof. The university\n\t\t\t\t\t shall be entirely independent of all political or sectarian influence and kept free therefrom in the appointment of its regents and in the administration of its affairs, and no person shall be debarred admission to any department of the university on account of race, religion, ethnic heritage, or sex.(g)Meetings of the Regents of the University of California shall be public, with exceptions and notice requirements as may be provided by statute."],["topImageUrl",null],["error",null]]}]}],["text","【比新冠病毒更可怕的「歧視病毒」】\n\n⚠️⚠️ 傷害華人孩子的ACA-5法案即將通過！\n\n今天不抵制ACA-5，未來會有更多華裔孩子被傷害！最近幾天，因為疫情擴散導致華人被歧視，華裔族群被污名化的事情時有發生。更有甚者，甚至揮刀砍傷華裔兒童。\n\n現如今加州議會正要趁著疫情暗度陳倉，試圖通過ACA-5（Assembly Constitutional Amendment No. 5 眾議院憲法修改5號法案）\n\n這是一個傷害華裔，使膚色歧視合法化的法案。此法案一旦通過，加州這片土地上的公平競爭將不復存在。\n\n加州各大學即可實行種族配額。華裔孩子將可能因膚色和種族在大學申請競爭中處於絕對劣勢，失去入學機會。政府部門將考慮種族和性別因素來決定入學，雇傭，和政府合同競標。大量工作機會也將按照種族分配，對沒有族群優勢的華裔來說，後果非常嚴重。\n\n請加州這片土地上的華人不要再沈默了，一起簽名抵制ACA-5法案。繼續冷眼旁觀，明天孩子將無學可上，華裔將無工可作。請捫心自問，這是你想要的結果嗎？\n\n請全體在美華人團結一心，對所有傷害我們的行為說不！！\n\n⚠️ 請點擊下列鏈接，簽名抵制ACA-5:\n\nhttps://www.change.org/p/california-state-assembly-members-vote-no-to-aca-5\n\n⚠️\n加州議會的ACA5網頁\n https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=201920200ACA5&from=groupmessage&isappinstalled=0"],["id","vusqm0qlacqa"],["createdAt","2020-03-24T04:22:36.190Z"]]}],["reply",{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["id","fgbaCnEBrhVJn3LNDNT9"],["user",{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["id","AWF-YUEchutQxxU6trlv"],["name","Asdfgh"],["avatarUrl",null],["level",19]]}],["type","RUMOR"],["text","此法案不是為了膚色歧視合法化。優惠性差別待遇（Affirmative action）/(Affirmative Act)，又稱為積極平權措施，是指美國聯邦政府和州政府在法律要求的平等機會。這些措施是為了防止在「膚色、宗教、性別或民族出身」上對雇員或就業申請人的歧視。加州參議院對SCA5投票中，隸屬民主黨的三位華人參議員（余胤良、劉雲平及劉璿卿）均投了贊同票。"],["reference","https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Senate_Constitutional_Amendment_No._5"],["hyperlinks",{"__iterable":"List","data":[{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","Senate Constitutional Amendment No. 5"],["url","https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Senate_Constitutional_Amendment_No._5"],["summary","The California Senate Constitutional Amendment No. 5 (SCA-5) was introduced by California State Senator Edward Hernandez to the California State Senate on December 3, 2012.[1] This initiative would ask voters to consider eliminating California Proposition 209's ban on the use of race, sex, color, ethnicity, or national origin in recruitment, admissions, and retention programs at California's public universities and colleges. SCA-5 was passed in the California Senate on Jan. 30, 2014 [2] but was subsequently withdrawn by Hernandez due to strong opposition, mainly from Asian Americans.[3]\n\n\n\nBackground and Content of SCA 5[edit]\nCalifornia Constitution Amendment No. 5 key changes\nProposition 209 prohibits state government institutions from considering race, sex, or ethnicity, specifically in the areas of public employment, public contracting, and public education.\nHernandez introduced Senate Bill 185 in 2011, which sought to achieve what SCA 5 intended and was vetoed by Governor Jerry Brown.[4]\nSCA-5 essentially does the following two things:\n\nDeletes the specific provisions implemented through the enactment of Proposition 209 that prohibit the State from discriminating against, or granting preferential treatment to individuals or groups on the basis of race, sex, ethnicity, or national origin, in the operation of public education.\nDeletes the UC and the public school system from the definition of the \"state\" under Section 31 of Article 1, thereby repealing the application of the provisions of Proposition 209 to those entities.\nSupport[edit]\nThe lead author of the bill, Senator Hernandez, argued that due to Proposition 209, \"there has been a precipitous drop in the percentage of Latino, African American, and Native American students at California public universities, despite the fact that those same groups have seen steady increases in their percentages of college-eligible high school graduates.\"[5]\nThe same arguments for support were summarized as follows in the bill analysis:[6]\n\"According to the author's office, immediately following the November 1996 passage of Proposition 209, there was a significant drop in the percentage of enrolled minority students at both the UC and the CSU. The author's office is concerned that, in spite of new eligibility requirements and admissions initiative which have helped to restore the numbers of some underrepresented students, the proportion of underrepresented students eligible for UC and CSU has not kept pace with the proportion of the high school graduating class that they now represent.\"\nOn February 24, 2014, Gene D. Block, Chancellor of UCLA, sent an open letter to all students and faculties expressing his strong opposition to Proposition 209.[7]\nThe following Asian American organizations supported SCA 5:[8]\n\nAsian Americans Advancing Justice | Asian Law Caucus\nUC Asian American & Pacific Islander Policy Multicampus Research Program (AAPI Policy MRP)\nNational Commission on Asian American and Pacific Islander Research in Education (CARE)\nChinese for Affirmative Action\nThe Civil Rights Project\nAsian Pacific Americans for Higher Education (APAHE)\nSoutheast Asia Resource Center (SEARAC)\nHmong Innovating Politics (HIP)\nThe following organizations support SCA 5, according to the Legislature's record.[6]\n\nAFSCME\nAmerican Association of University Women\nAssociation of California Healthcare Districts\nBassett Teachers Association\nCalifornia Academy of Physician Assistants\nCalifornia Association for Nurse Practitioners\nCalifornia Black Chamber of Commerce\nCalifornia Black Health Network\nCalifornia Communities United Institute\nCalifornia Hospital Association\nCalifornia Medical Association\nCalifornia Nurses Association\nCalifornia Pan-Ethnic Health Network\nCalifornia Pharmacists Association\nCalifornia Primary Care Association\nCalifornia State Student Association\nCalifornia Teachers Association\nEqual Justice Society\nEquality California\nHealth Access California\nHispanic Association of Colleges and Universities\nLawyers' Committee for Civil Rights of the San Francisco Bay Area\nMedical Oncology Association of Southern California, Inc.\nPeople Improving Communities through Organizing\nPublic Advocates\nThe Greenlining Institute\nUniversity of California Student Association[citation needed]\nWestern Center on Law and Poverty\nOpposition[edit]\nCalifornia State Senate Minority Leader Bob Huff voiced opposition to SCA-5 in the State Senate.[9] Democrats Leland Yee, Ted Lieu, and Carol Liu were among those who voted for SCA 5 in the Senate, but the three senators have since asked Hernandez to hold the bill from an Assembly vote in order to better assess its potential impacts, in light of fervent opposition among the public.[10] In addition, Assemblyman Ed Chau has promised that he will vote against SCA 5 if it is voted on in the State Assembly.[11]\nOpposing organization in the Legislature's record:[6]\n\nAmerican Civil Rights Coalition\nOther organizations and individuals opposing SCA 5 include:\n\nAmerican Civil Rights Institute and Ward Connerly[12]\nProject on Fair Representation\nThe Century Foundation\nThe Center for Individual Rights\nChinese American Federation (Representing about 100 Chinese American organizations)\n80-20 National Asian American PAC\nThe Committee of 100\nAsian Americans for Political Advancement PAC\nBackbone Foundation\nChinese Alliance for Equality\nChinese Americans for Progress and Equality\nChinese United\nChinese Young Professionals Networking\nChinese-American Institute for Empowerment\nDFW Chinese Alliance\nOn Leon Merchants Association of Miami\nOverseas Chinese Association of Miami\nSilicon Valley Chinese Association\nThe Chinese Association of Science, Education and Culture of South Florida\nThe Federation of Florida Chinese Associations\nThe Great Philadelphia United Chinese American Chamber of Commerce\nThe United Association of Chinese Alumni in Great Houston\nUnited Asian Americans for Activism\nUnited Chinese Associations of Eastern USA\nUnited Chinese Foundation\nThe World Association of Chinese Elites\nChinese-American Oceanic and Atmospheric Association\n80-20 Asian American PAC Virginia-Maryland-DC Chapter\nUSCCA (Univ. of Southern California, California Alumni Association)\nSan Diego Asian American for Equality\nIndian American Forum for Political Education\nChinese Americans for Progress & Equality\nAsian American Voters\nJoint Chinese University Alumni Association\nThe Orange Club\nArguments[edit]\nMajor arguments against SCA 5 include:\nFailing to address root causes of the problem\n\nTo address the problem of failing to obtain college admission, the root causes in early stage should be identified and the quality and outreach of K-12 education should be improved. Artificially lowering the admission standard for a small group of students will not address the root problems. On the other hand, college enrollment should be increased to accommodate qualified students.\nPursuing the wrong metrics for diversity\n\nDiversity is defined by the collection of different life experiences, thinking models, approaches to problems, and fresh perspectives within a group of people, not defined by the superficial differences in skin colors. Improving education diversity is to improve different thinking methods and problem solving skills for students so they can be better prepared for life challenges later on, not to increase the number of different skin colors.\nWrongfully blaming Proposition 209\n\nThe UC system already leads the country in its admission of talented, socioeconomically disadvantaged students. In 2011-12, 41 percent of the enrolled students at UC and CSU were Pell Grant recipient students (i.e. most often undergraduates with family incomes under $20,000).[13]\nGraduation rates for all races and ethnicities increased by using race and gender neutral policies.[6]\nRelying on shaky fundamental supportive data\n\nHernandez did not provide publicly accessible sources of the data used to support his statement of the problem. His data is also selectively based on a few campuses (such as UCLA and UC Berkeley) of the UC system or a few isolated years after 1996 (2004 was singled out for example).\nBased on publicly accessible data, it is indisputable that both in absolute numbers and percentages, minorities that attend the University of California have increased. Comparing the data in 1996 and 2013: Black students' population increased from 4% to 4.3% out of 6.6% of the California population, Chicanos and Latinos increased from 14.3% to 27.8% out of 38.2% population, Asian increased from 32% to 35.9% out of 13.9% population. The only race group with decreased student population is whites (decreased from 41% to 27.9%, out of 39.4% population).[13][14]\nIneffective and harmful policies\n\nPreferential treatments for certain racial groups in college admission will inevitably deny other racial groups' access to the same education system, creating or sustaining an Asian quota, for example. This may increase the risk of racial tensions or even hostilities in California.\nRace-based preferential treatments in college admission do not work based on latest research.[15]\nPublic reactions[edit]\nChinese Americans protesting against SCA5 outside Assemblyman Ed Chau's office in Monterey Park\nSCA 5 received heightened public attention after it passed the State Senate.[16] A Change.org petition has been launched to press the State Assembly to vote No on SCA 5. The petition gained over 80,000 supporters in less than two weeks.\n\nLegislative action[edit]\nSCA 5 passed the State Senate on Jan. 30, 2014, and crossed over to the Assembly. On March 17, 2014, at Hernandez's request, Assembly Speaker John Pérez referred the measure back to the Senate. In a joint statement with Hernandez, Pérez announced the creation of a bicameral commission on issues surrounding recruitment, admissions, and retention in California's systems of higher education. Senate President pro Tempore Darrell Steinberg also issued a statement stating that he is a supporter of SCA 5: \"I look forward to working with Senator Hernandez, my Senate colleagues, and the Assembly in bringing all communities together for a serious and sober examination of Affirmative Action.\"[17]\n\nCurrent Status[edit]\nA Change.org petition to stop the bill had more than 112,000 signatures at that time, and at the request of three Democrat senators who voted for the bill in January, Senator Hernandez put the bill on hold.[18] There has been no further action or attempt to revive the bill.[19]\nAssembly Bill 1726,[20] which was seen by some as a prelude to a revival of SCA 5, was signed into law in late 2016.\nUpdate 4/22/19: Spectrum: Partisan Bill (Democrat 8-0),Status: Introduced on February 27 2019 - 25% progression, Action: 2019-04-04 - Set for hearing April 24. Pending: Senate Governance and Finance Committee, Hearing: Apr 24 Senate Governance and Finance Hearing, Text link: https://legiscan.com/CA/text/SCA5/2019\n\nSee also[edit]\nCalifornia Affirmative Action in Education Amendment (2014)\nCalifornia Senate Constitutional Amendment No. 5\nReferences[edit]\n\n\n^ \"Senate Constitutional Amendment No. 5 (May 30, 2013)\".\n\n^ \"Senate Vote on SCA 5 (Jan 30, 2014)\".\n\n^ Shyong, Frank (18 May 2014). \"Affirmative action amendment divides state's Asian Americans\".\n\n^ \"Senate Bill No. 185\" (PDF).\n\n^ \"Senator Hernandez Advances Constitutional Amendment for Equal Opportunity in Education\". Retrieved 3 March 2014.\n\n^ Jump up to: a b c d \"SCA 5 Bill Analysis\". California Legislature. Retrieved 3 March 2014.\n\n^ The Impact of Proposition 209 and Our Duty to Our Students\n\n^ Organizations Supporting SCA 5 Archived 2014-03-18 at the Wayback Machine\n\n^ \"Senator Huff Argues Against Legalization of Discrimination in California (Feb 21, 2014)\".\n\n^ Lieu, Ted. \"Sens. Lieu, Yee and Liu ask Hernandez to hold SCA 5\". Retrieved 7 March 2014.\n\n^ Sun, Weichi. \"Anger grows over education amendment\". Retrieved 7 March 2014.\n\n^ Djuhana, Josephine. \"SCA 5 Puts Discrimination Back in Classrooms, Repeals Parts of Prop. 209\". Retrieved 25 September 2017.\n\n^ Jump up to: a b \"Viewpoints: A step backward on higher education enrollment\". Retrieved 3 March 2014.\n\n^ \"UC's Application, Admissions and Enrollment data\".\n\n^ Sander, Richard (October 9, 2012). Mismatch: How Affirmative Action Hurts Students It's Intended to Help, and Why Universities Won't Admit It. Basic Books. p. 368. ISBN 0465029965.\n\n^ Christopher, Ben (March 10, 2014). \"Finally, A Way to Diversify Cal Universities? Or \"The Most Racist Bill\" in State History?\".\n\n^ \"Statements from Calif. Legislative Leaders About SCA 5 (Mar 17, 2014)\".\n\n^ http://www.pasadenastarnews.com/social-affairs/20140317/affirmative-action-amendment-sca-5-withdrawn-for-revision\n\n^ http://www.mercurynews.com/education/ci_25361339/california-affirmative-action-challenge-is-dead\n\n^ \"AB-1726 Data collection.(2015-2016)\"."],["topImageUrl",null],["error",null]]}]}],["createdAt","2020-03-24T04:43:14.579Z"]]}]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["article",{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["replyCount",1],["references",{"__iterable":"List","data":[{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["type","LINE"]]}]}],["replyRequestCount",2],["user",{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["id","j4S8C_aLDBZJEJGJ3Lomo6A8o19GrR6GUdFQCvgDYGuuvVirc"],["name","乂忠厚的田中姬瑪乂"],["avatarUrl",null],["level",0]]}],["hyperlinks",{"__iterable":"List","data":[{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title",""],["url","https://www.onecoin.eu/zh/media-galleries"],["summary",""],["topImageUrl",null],["error","NOT_REACHABLE"]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title",""],["url","https://www.onecoin.eu/zh/press-kit"],["summary",""],["topImageUrl",null],["error","NOT_REACHABLE"]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","Suspected phishing site | Cloudflare"],["url","https://www.onelifeevents.eu/en/"],["summary","What is phishing?\n\n This link has been flagged as phishing. Phishing is an attempt to acquire personal information such as passwords and credit card details by pretending to be a trustworthy source.\n \n \n \n What can I do?\n\n If you're a visitor of this website\n The website owner has been notified and is in the process of resolving the issue. For now, it is recommended that you do not continue to the link that has been flagged.\n\n If you're the owner of this website\n Please log in to cloudflare.com to review your flagged website. If you have questions about why this was flagged as phishing please contact the Trust & Safety team for more information."],["topImageUrl",null],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","Suspected phishing site | Cloudflare"],["url","https://www.onelifeevents.eu/en/"],["summary","What is phishing?\n\n This link has been flagged as phishing. Phishing is an attempt to acquire personal information such as passwords and credit card details by pretending to be a trustworthy source.\n \n \n \n What can I do?\n\n If you're a visitor of this website\n The website owner has been notified and is in the process of resolving the issue. For now, it is recommended that you do not continue to the link that has been flagged.\n\n If you're the owner of this website\n Please log in to cloudflare.com to review your flagged website. If you have questions about why this was flagged as phishing please contact the Trust & Safety team for more information."],["topImageUrl",null],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","Deal Shaker"],["url","https://dealshaker.com/en/"],["summary",""],["topImageUrl",null],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","OneForex"],["url","https://oneforex.eu"],["summary","Update, December 16, 2022:Sebastian Greenwood, co-founder of OneCoin Multi-Billion-Dollar Cryptocurrency Pyramid Scheme “OneCoin” Pleads Guilty.Department of Justice U.S. Attorney’s Office Southern District of New YorkFOR IMMEDIATE RELEASEFriday, December 16, 2022 \n OneCoin\n Was a Fraudulent Cryptocurrency Marketed and Sold to Millions of \nVictims Around the World, Resulting in Billions of Dollars in Losses\n Damian\n Williams, the United States Attorney for the Southern District of New \nYork, announced today that KARL SEBASTIAN GREENWOOD, who co-founded \nOneCoin with RUJA IGNATOVA, a/k/a “the Cryptoqueen,” pled guilty today \nin Manhattan federal court to wire fraud and money laundering charges in\n connection with his participation in the massive OneCoin fraud scheme. \n OneCoin, which began operations in 2014 and was based in Sofia, \nBulgaria, marketed and sold a fraudulent cryptocurrency by the same name\n through a global multi-level-marketing (“MLM”) network. As a result of\n misrepresentations that GREENWOOD, IGNATOVA, and others made about \nOneCoin, victims invested over four billion dollars worldwide in the \nfraudulent cryptocurrency. Today, District Judge Edgardo Ramos accepted\n GREENWOOD’s guilty plea. IGNATOVA, who was added to the Federal Bureau\n of Investigation’s Top Ten Most Wanted List in June 2022, remains at \nlargeU.S. Attorney Damian Williams said: “As a founder and leader of OneCoin,\n Karl Sebastian Greenwood operated one of the largest international \nfraud schemes ever perpetrated. Greenwood and his co-conspirators, \nincluding fugitive Ruja Ignatova, conned unsuspecting victims out of \nbillions of dollars, claiming that OneCoin would be the ‘Bitcoin \nkiller.’ In fact, OneCoins were entirely worthless. Greenwood’s lies \nwere designed with one goal, to get everyday people all over the world \nto part with their hard-earned money — real money — and to line his own \npockets to the tune of hundreds of millions of dollars.https://www.justice.gov/usao-sdny/pr/co-founder-multi-billion-dollar-cryptocurrency-pyramid-scheme-onecoin-pleads-guilty Update, June 30, 2022: OneCoin's founder Ruja Ignatova has been added to the FBI's Ten Most Wanted Fugitives list. FBI is offering up to $ 100,000 reward for information leading to the arrest of Ruja Ignatova.FBI has created a special landing page for the public, victims and media: https://fbi.gov/rujaLive video footage of the FBI/SDNY press conference on June 30, 2022 regarding the addition of OneCoin founder Ruja Ignatova to the FBI's Ten Most Wanted Fugitives list. FBI posters of Ruja Ignatova on FBI's Ten Most Wanted Fugitives list:Englishباللغة العربيةНА РУССКОМНа българскиNë shqipΣτην ελληνικήAuf Deutsch Update, May 11, 2022:Ruja Ignatova has been added to the public side of the INTERPOL RED NOTICE -list. \"Dr Ruja IGNATOVA, Doctor of Law, is suspected of having, as the driving force and intellectual inventor of the alleged cryptocurrency \"OneCoin\", induced investors all over the world to invest in this actually worthless \"currency\".\"German Nordrhein-Westfalen police has released a warrant for Ruja Ignatova.Update, April 18, 2022: Bulgarian Ministry of Interior announced on April 18, 2022, that Ruja Ignatova has been declared internationally wanted at the request of the authorities in Germany. She has been reported to the Schengen Information System (SIS) and is set to be arrested and extradited on the basis of a European Arrest Warrant issued by the Bielefeld Court in Germany. Ignatova is wanted for criminal activity related to commercial fraud, progressive customer recruitment and money laundering by creating and distributing OneCoin virtual currency. She has been released from Bulgarian citizenship according to the Ministry of Interior. Update, October 8,2021:Attorney Johannes Bender who represents OneCoin victims in the secondary suit in the Münster OneCoin trial in Germany which starter on September 18, 2021, wrote about the OneCoin blockchain and fraud questions covered in court. MUST READ FOR ALL ONECOIN MEMBERS!----------------------------------------OneCoin company is a Bulgarian scam company operating without any regulatory financial or virtual currency licenses. OneCoin virtual currency is a fake-value coin existing only on OneCoin's OneEcosystem MLM website. Its fake \"value\" is announced by anonymous Bulgarians on exactly this 1 MLM website. This virtual coin is claimed to be a cryptocurrency by its marketing, but Onecoin has no cryptocurrency properties what so ever; no secure wallets, no public/private keys, no valid blockchain for users to verify their transactions. The scam concept is quite simple:Declare a fake value for OneCoin on OneEcosystem web site. Lure people to join this so called \"financial revolution\", and sell them MLM \"education packages\" which contain different amounts of promotional tokens depending on the MLM package price. Promotional tokens are multiplied via promotions and \"splits\". Then on the member BackOffice \"mine\" the promotional tokens to OneCoin (\"mining\" is a simple automatic division calculation). This results OneCoins for the member's OneEcosystem account with purported value even 10-200x higher than the MLM package price.This exactly same concept has been in use since OneCoin started in late 2014.But in reality OneCoin has no real value and it can't be exchanged to any crypto or fiat currency, or to any valued asset consistently. The time when OneCoin is finally supposed to become real is always \"coming soon\". OneCoin accounts are totally at the mercy of the Bulgarian OneCoin criminals, who\n can freeze member accounts any time they want, which they have done \nnumerous times to members who critisized Onecoin. \"Mining\" of coins in the OneCoin fraud scheme means just an exchange of intermediary \"promotional\" tokens from MLM packages (tokens are multiplied in numerous \"splits\", Wonder Wheel etc. promotions) to Onecoins using a certain ratio called \"difficulty factor\" by doing a division calculation. This is not the concept of a real cryptocurrency mining. OneCoin uses lexicon from the real cryptocurrency space in order to defraud members making them falsely believe that they are profitably \"mining\" a crypto coin.. An expert witness said at the German Münster trial in October 2021 :\"OneCoin does not consist of [promotional] tokens and is not created with the help of [promotional] tokens\". The members have been lied to from the beginning.OneEcosystem recently announced their White Paper, which doesn't explain in detail how promotional tokens from the MLM packages become Onecoins. They leave out the key fact that OneCoin \"mining\" is a simple division calculation, not any cryptocurrency mining. The White Paper further lies that the values are based on supply and demand, while in reality OneCoin's \"value\" is just proclaimed internally by the Bulgarian OneCoin criminals. There's obviously also no logical explanation for the promotional token multiplying via splits and promotions, which after \"mining\" create purported profit in fake value Onecoins.While OneCoin may have finally a working blockchain after 6-7 years, based on the Ethereum codebase running on their private server, it's all irrelevant what comes to the fraud; storing play money coins which have a fake euro value to any ledger, be it a blockchain or any other ledger, doesn't make it real money. By concentrating on explaining about the private Ethereum codebased blockchain in the White Paper, the Bulgarian OneCoin criminals conveniently avoid touching the core issues which make OneCoin/OneEcosystem a clear scam.OneCoin recently appointed a new Bulgarian CEO, Ventsislav Zlatkov. Marketing and promotion of the scam is operated by OneEcosystem/OneLife MLM network, which is led by convicted criminal robber Cordel \"KingJayms\" James from Trinidad & Tobago.Contrary to any legit European financial or virtual currency service company, OneCoin operates totally unlicensed and unregulated and is warned by countless financial regulatory agencies around the world. OneCoin is stated to be a \"massive international fraud scheme\" by the United States Department of Justice. Ex-head of OneCoin, Konstantin Ignatov, has testified in US court, testifying that OneCoin is worthless and a fraud scheme. The Bulgarian OneCoin scam operators announce OneCoin fake value as 42.5€ and a fake market-cap of (ridiculous) Trillions of Euros on their MLM Portal, promoters claiming it to be bigger project than Apple.In reality, OneCoin doesn't have a market defined value, there's no exchange where OneCoin could be exchanged to any real currency. Thus OneCoin has no real market-capitalization. It has Trillions of euros of fake value supply as virtual coins on member accounts, but practically no demand, which means the coin is generally worthless, just as Konstantin Ignatov testified. This makes OneCoin also an already collapsed ponzi, which still has some active promoters left who try to attract gullible people with MLM packages claiming to create a huge value in Dealshaker, or even claiming that OneCoin will become a world currency. Despite continuing efforts OneCoin recruiting has collapsed compared to the levels what it was 3-4 years ago.Unsurprisingly OneCoin company doesn't accept its own coin for service fee payments, but accepts euros and bitcoins. A large percentage of members have account problems, and the company is collecting service fees from them, but still many members can't access their accounts since around September 2020.Dealshaker is OneCoin's low traffic unpopular \"e-commerce\" website only for the OneEcosystem members, but only a small percentage of members have ever used it. Most deals are hybrid Euro+One deals, in which the Euro part already covers or exceeds the actual value of the product. As OneCoin has no real value, by far the most deals are not attractive and require euros as well. Fake deals have plagued Dealshaker, especially fake car and real estate scam deals, where people have lost a lot of money. A pseudo-compliancy of the OneCoin fraud scheme's \"business model\" is claimed with the usual education package explanation. Of course the real reason people have been lured to pay big money for the MLM packages, are the multiplying tokens, and the claimed fake value of Onecoin and its \"amazing future\" which is always \"coming soon\". There's an active indictment against Ruja Ignatova by the US Department of Justice. Ruja faces 85 years in prison. There is an active international arrest warrant for her issued by both USA and more recently by Germany,\"Manhattan U.S. Attorney Announces Charges Against Leaders Of “OneCoin,” A Multibillion-Dollar Pyramid Scheme Involving The Sale Of A Fraudulent Cryptocurrency.Current Leader Konstantin Ignatov Arrested at Los Angeles International Airport\":https://www.justice.gov/usao-sdny/pr/manhattan-us-attorney-announces-charges-against-leaders-onecoin-multibillion-dollarKonstantin Ignatov (brother of Ruja) acted as the head of OneCoin after Ruja disappeared in October 2017, and was arrested on March 6, 2019, has pleaded guilty on 4 charges in United States Southern District New York :1. Count 1 - Conspiracy to Commit Wire fraud2. Count 2 - Wire Fraud3. Count 3 - Conspiracy to Commit Money Laundering4. Count 4 - Conspiracy to Commit Bank FraudKonstantin pleaded guilty on these charges by signing a plea agreement letter on October 4, 2019.The letter (Government Exhibit 901) can be seen here: https://www.scribd.com/document/434747259/On-OneCoin-Cooperator-Konstantin-Ignatov-s-Plea-Agreement-for-5K1-letteror here: https://imgur.com/a/noD3dBAAfter that, Konstantin became an active Government witness against OneCoin, which he still today is.On November 5,6 and 7 of 2019, Konstantin testified in Mark Scott trial during 3 days against OneCoin, admitting and confirming in great detail that OneCoin is a scam, the coin is worthless, and there's no valid blockchain.The transcripts of the Mark Scott trial where Konstantin was testifying are freely available for all to read here:November 5,2019: https://www.courtlistener.com/docket/7829201/187/united-states-v-scott/(starting from PDF page 95)November 6,2019: https://www.courtlistener.com/docket/7829201/189/united-states-v-scott/(starting from PDF page 14)November 7,2019: https://www.courtlistener.com/docket/7829201/191/united-states-v-scott/(starting from PDF page 23)At the end of February 2021, after sitting nearly 2 years in different detention centers, Konstantin was able to get to home arrest while waiting for his witness cooperation to end, and eventually his sentencing to take place. Now that Konstantin is in house arrest and can use Internet, he has deleted all OneCoin material from his personal Facebook page https://www.facebook.com/konsti.keks------------------------------ Significant OneCoin USA Federal Court Dates: David Pike sentencing: March 1, 2022 Sentenced - 2 years probation Gilbert Armenta sentencing: February 16, 2023 sentenced to 5 years in prisonSebastian Greenwood has pleaded guilty. Sentenced to 20 years in prisonMark Scott convicted, sentencing date: December 12, 2023Irina Dilkinska pleaded guilty. Sentencing: February 14, 2024Konstantin Ignatov sentencing control (a check if his witness cooperation has been completed. If not, a new control date will be set): February 28, 2024Ruja Ignatova: remains at largeFollow real time OneCoin scam updates: https://twitter.com/CryptoXpose"],["topImageUrl",null],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","Onelife維卡幣同好大會｜Accupass 活動通"],["url","https://www.accupass.com/event/1804041523578575984850#:~:text=%E5%88%86%E4%BA%AB,ID%20number%2025023938"],["summary","本次講座，我們將討論Dealshaker 上的支付與OneForex的外匯交易，還有因應10/8後，我們如何用維卡幣環遊世界。"],["topImageUrl",null],["error",null]]}]}],["text","\"\n分享\nApp 開啟\n\n商業\nOnelife維卡幣同好大會\n1,050\n0\n\n儒易の財富花園\n\n聯絡主辦\n2018.04.15 (日) 13:30 - 16:00 (GMT+8)\n加入行事曆\n新北巿林口區麗園路23號\n公車坐至：麗園國小站\n\n相關連結\n\n臉書活動頁\ncryptocurrency\ndealshaker\n虛擬貨幣\n壹幣\n數位加密貨幣\noneforex\nblockchain\n維卡幣\nonecoin\n萊特幣\n萬幣\n電子商務\n數字貨幣\nlitecoin\n跨境電商\n區塊鏈\nbitcoin\n比特幣\n活動資訊\nOneLife官方介紹-未來的支付-維卡幣onecoin\n\n\n2018 維卡幣商城在義大利的發展\n\n\n維卡幣Dealshaker商城如何進行掃碼支付歐洲的酒店住宿？\n\n\n維卡幣官方資訊\n\n1.關於維卡幣 (onecoin)的介紹：https://www.onecoin.eu/zh/media-galleries\n2.維卡幣Q&A問答集（任何疑問，可在此獲得解答）：https://www.onecoin.eu/zh/press-kit\n3.維卡幣近期各國活動資訊：https://www.onelifeevents.eu/en/\n4.One Academy 壹學院—教導客戶金融基礎知識、投資理財觀念、認識虛擬貨幣之線上學習平台：https://www.onelifeevents.eu/en/\n5.Dealshaker—第一個電子商務平臺維卡幣生態系統的一部分，該平臺允許企業對客戶和客戶對客戶以現金和新時代的、大眾性的加密貨幣維卡幣結帳的交易。https://dealshaker.com/en/\n6.OneForex —外匯交易平台，通過線上的創新培訓計畫，你將學習如何發現外匯市場的走向和如何利用優勢：https://oneforex.eu\n\n媒體報導【2017/12/17】\n\nCroatia national newspaper is reporting about ONECOIN!!! ONE is conquering all Talking also about all market trend, timing and of course usability of the ONE that has the best potential on the market as being also centralized crypto currency that will come to public market in 2018. Strategy is correct!\n\n克羅地亞國家報紙報導ONECOIN！！！報中討論了市場趨勢、時機和易用性，ONE是市場上最具潛力的，也是將于2018年上市的集中式加密貨幣。 \n\n\n\n澳大利亞商業日報\n\n\n\n\n你可能會喜歡這些活動\n\n\n2023.12.02 (六) - 12.03 (日)\n\n獎勵青年投入地方創生行動成果發表會暨市集\n\n台北市\n#地方創生\n\n1570\n\n19\n\n2023.12.02 (六) - 12.16 (六)\n\n《原嶼伯樂品酩饕宴》\n\n台北市\n#威士忌\n\n24126\n\n98\n\n2023.12.08 (五)\n\n📸KOL 網紅行銷全攻略，打造高效益行銷策略🔮 | 活動通了沒 #3\n\n台北市\n#短影音行銷\n\n5060\n\n93\n\n2023.11.10 (五) - 12.24 (日)\n\n梭織體驗｜12月｜中壢｜手作梭織萬用布墊基礎織布體驗居家裝飾 Art Weaving\n\n桃園市\n#handmade\n\n994\n\n25\n\n2023.10.14 (六) - 12.09 (六)\n\n向自然學習的料理關係\n\n台中市\n#弘道\n\n1166\n\n21\n\n2023.11.24 (五) - 12.16 (六)\n\n旅日小說「東方版的飄－異域紅塵」時空讀書會\n\n台北市\n#導讀會\n\n659\n\n8\n\n2023.11.26 (日)\n\nIN艋舺 · 文化散步\n\n台北市\n#剝皮寮\n\n1000\n\n30\n\n2023.07.29 (六) - 12.23 (六)\n\n2023無限進步教練讀書會\n\n線上活動\n#職場必備技能\n\n2012\n\n18\n\n2023.12.02 (六)\n\n12/02 (六)-周末場【假面舞會-經典版】社交解謎遊戲－一同多人解謎社交遊戲，認識朋友\n\n台北市\n#輕鬆交友\n\n1157\n\n51\n\n2023.11.25 (六)\n\n【產品經理職人系列】新產品開發企劃書撰寫 11/25(六)線上課程\n\n線上活動\n#一頁企劃書書\n\n651\n\n37\n\n2023.12.23 (六)\n\n【NLP+孵化你的職涯發展藍圖】 — 梳理迷惘，聽見潛藏在心底的聲音\n\n台北市\n#COVID-FREE\n\n583\n\n29\n\n2023.11.23 (四)\n\n風傳媒《女性未來力》論壇｜突破傳統・展現自我\n\n台北市\n#性別\n\n16669\n\n82\n主辦\n喜歡\n已結束\n舉辦活動\n常見問題\n首次舉辦活動\n活動上架規範\n活動人社群\n主辦百寶箱\n生活誌\n平台基礎服務\n線上活動相關\n廣告曝光方案\nACCUPAI 雲攝影\n認識我們\n加入我們\n客服中心\nEmail: service@accupass.com\n週一至週五 10:00-18:30\n詢問小幫手\n關於我們\n\n\n\n\n語言\n盈科泛利股份有限公司 © Accuvally Inc. All Rights Reserved. 統一編號 Tax ID number 25023938\"\n https://www.accupass.com/event/1804041523578575984850#:~:text=%E5%88%86%E4%BA%AB,ID%20number%2025023938"],["id","nafgyfi8h817"],["createdAt","2023-11-22T11:14:02.672Z"]]}],["reply",{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["id","Sl1EbpcBfs35m9Mi7cnu"],["user",{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["id","AVriAlOoyrDaTqlmmqhC"],["name","Lin"],["avatarUrl",null],["level",22]]}],["type","RUMOR"],["text"," 假的，此為詐騙，詐騙集團一開始會讓投資人嚐到一點甜頭，讓他們持續投錢。現金被吸乾後，就會用各種理由，要投資人再想辦法借到更多錢投進來。社群成員平時大多閒話家常，偶爾才會貼出高額獲利對帳單，降低被害人戒心，進而決定小額入金嘗試。但其實這些成員九成以上都是集團安排好的暗樁，所有與獲利相關的對話，都是為了強化被害人的從眾心態。入金後，投資者就獲得了加入進階方案的資格，並可接受投資顧問的指導，在特定平台上操作交易。當帳面獲利累積到一定金額，投資人開始想取回款項時，原本穩定的平台就狀況頻頻，顧問甚至會指責其操作錯誤害帳戶被凍結，必須額外付款才能解鎖。不懂的金融商品不要碰，也不要輕信來源不明的網路資訊。\n "],["reference","https://www.tph.moj.gov.tw/4421/4475/632364/1189852/post\n近期常見的「投資詐騙」手法與徵兆\n\nhttps://money.udn.com/money/story/5635/6476957\n投資詐騙　揭開偽金融科技騙局\n\nhttps://tw.stock.yahoo.com/news/投資詐騙-老鼠會-加密貨幣-新興幣-052946564.html\n投資詐騙\n\nhttps://www.thenewslens.com/article/168417\n虛擬貨幣詐騙的常見情境、迴避策略\n\nhttps://www.businessweekly.com.tw/business/blog/3009034\n資金盤和龐氏騙局"],["hyperlinks",{"__iterable":"List","data":[{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title",""],["url","https://www.tph.moj.gov.tw/4421/4475/632364/1189852/post"],["summary",""],["topImageUrl",null],["error","UNKNOWN_UNFURL_ERROR"]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","「連房子都沒了……」投資詐騙　揭開偽金融科技騙局 | 熱門亮點 | 商情 | 經濟日報"],["url","https://money.udn.com/money/story/5635/6476957"],["summary","後疫情時代，宅經濟成主流趨勢，金融科技也跟著蓬勃發展，加密貨幣、區塊鏈等新興投資市場熱絡，卻也讓投資詐騙更加猖獗。然而「顧問帶進門，詐騙在個人」，不少人跟著「顧問老師」操作，取得小幅獲利後就信以為真，"],["topImageUrl",null],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","投資詐騙盛行！如何防範！"],["url","https://tw.stock.yahoo.com/news/投資詐騙-老鼠會-加密貨幣-新興幣-052946564.html"],["summary","隨著時代的進步，個資也越來越難以不被外流，許多不肖廠商都會販賣個資來賺取想要的報酬，而在這樣的環境下詐騙手段一直再推陳出新，利用人的慾望與貪婪來達成詐騙的目的，所以如何辨別自己是否正遭受到詐騙的話術或手法就極其重要。"],["topImageUrl",null],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","投資比特幣之前，你確定你不是被詐騙嗎？虛擬貨幣詐騙的常見套路與迴避策略 - The News Lens 關鍵評論網"],["url","https://www.thenewslens.com/article/168417"],["summary","在社群軟體上被帥哥美女搭訕？看到「我爸爸從負債100萬、變成天天開BMW」的廣告？決定開始投資加密貨幣之前，先看看這些常見的幾種詐騙，讓大家在投資之前先防雷！"],["topImageUrl",null],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","換湯不換藥！投資加密貨幣常見的5種詐騙手法，你都很熟悉－非讀BOOK｜商周"],["url","https://www.businessweekly.com.tw/business/blog/3009034"],["summary","1.投資加密貨幣，除了受到漲跌幅波動影響可能一舉賠光，也有許多不同型態的詐騙。2.常見的5種詐騙類型分別是：假投資平台／假交易所、假投資、假設群／假官方、龐式騙局、授權智能合約詐騙。"],["topImageUrl",null],["error",null]]}]}],["createdAt","2025-06-14T11:48:20.596Z"]]}]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["article",{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["replyCount",1],["references",{"__iterable":"List","data":[{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["type","LINE"]]}]}],["replyRequestCount",1],["user",{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["id","j4S8C_8SU6w_lKU8142Pd-hyVJRULJNF7mjehuE3om7Vc6i8c"],["name","滿足的✖東勢✖艾薇拉"],["avatarUrl",null],["level",0]]}],["hyperlinks",{"__iterable":"List","data":[{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","Diabetes drug is promising Alzheimer's treatment after 'significantly reversing' memory loss"],["url","http://www.independent.co.uk/news/health/alzheimers-diabetes-drug-memory-loss-reverse-disease-treatment-degenerative-a8133681.html"],["summary","A drug developed for type 2 diabetes significantly reverses memory loss and could have potential as a new treatment for Alzheimer’s disease and other neurodegenerative diseases, scientists say.\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n \n \n \n The study, by UK and Chinese universities, is the first to look at a new combined diabetes drug and found improvements in several characteristic symptoms of Alzheimer’s.\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n \n \n \n Lead researcher Professor Christian Holscher, from Lancaster University, said these “very promising outcomes” show multi-action drugs developed for type 2 diabetes “consistently show neurological protective effects”.\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n \n \n \n Independent academics said a reduction in nerve-cell-killing protein molecules was particularly interesting and this was likely to be another avenue in the search for an elusive drug to combat dementia.\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n \n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n \n \n \n He has previously reported optimistic findings from an older diabetes drug, liraglutide, and clinical trials in humans are currently under way.\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n \n \n \n This latest study, published in the journal Brain Research, looked at a “triple action” treatment that combine three different drugs for type 2 diabetes, acting on biological pathways that could also have an impact on dementia.\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n Type 2 diabetes is a known risk factor for Alzhemier’s disease and impaired production of insulin – the hormone that people with diabetes don’t produce sufficiently to control their blood sugar – is linked to brain degeneration.\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n \n \n \n The identification of this link had a twofold benefit, according to charities.\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n \n \n \n It opened up new research and drug development opportunities, such as this study.\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n \n \n \n But it also means that by making lifestyle changes, like eating healthily and exercising, patients can avoid developing type-2 diabetes and lower their risk of Alzheimer’s disease as well.\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n \n \n \n There are currently half a million people living with Alzheimer’s disease in the UK and more than five million people with diabetes, both conditions pose a major cost to the NHS, and health systems worldwide.\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n The treatment in this study combined; GLP-1, GIP and glucagon, which, like insulin protect against neurological deterioration, and tested them in mice with genetic mutations that cause Alzheimer’s disease.\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n \n \n \n After two months of daily injections the mice were shown to significantly improve their performance in a maze designed to test memory.\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n \n \n \n Treated mice also had lower levels of proteins which clump together and form plaques in the brains of people with Alzheimer’s disease, inhibiting nerve cells’ ability to communicate and causing them to die.\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n \n \n \n The study also found these mice lost nerve cells to the disease at a slower rate and had lower levels of nerve inflammation.\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n \n \n \n It concludes that the triple treatment “holds clear promise of being developed into a new treatment for chronic neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease”.\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \nThe seven Alzheimer's risk factors\n\n\n\n\n \n\n\n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n \n\n \n \n \n The Alzheimer’s Society, a charity which part-funded the latest study research, said that after 15 years without a new drug for Alzheimer’s disease the promising results from these crossover treatments, which are already known to be safe for humans, are likely to bring earliest benefits.\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n \n \n \n Professor Holscher added that further tests to compare its benefits against other potential treatments, and its effects in humans were needed.\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n \n \n \n But Professor John Hardy, a professor of neuroscience, at University College London who was not involved in the trial, said the study was “a first step, at best” towards a Alzheimer’s drug for humans.\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n \n \n \n “The results showing less amyloid deposition of amyloid in mice treated with glucagon receptor stimulating drugs is interesting,” he said.\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n “However, it should be noted that several other drugs have shown positive results in mice models of Alzheimer’s disease and then failed in human trials.”\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Dr David Reynolds, chief scientific officer at Alzheimer’s Research UK, echoed this, but added: “There is a long road between studies that show an effect in animals and treatments in the hands of patients, and scientists will only be able to realise the potential of promising findings like these if we continue to invest in research.”"],["topImageUrl","https://static.independent.co.uk/s3fs-public/thumbnails/image/2015/04/14/21/web-alzheimers-2-alamy.jpg"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","Neuroprotective effects of a triple GLP-1/GIP/glucagon receptor agonist in the APP/PS1 transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer's disease"],["url","https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0006899317304596"],["summary","AbstractType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a risk factor for Alzheimer disease (AD). Previous studies have shown that the incretin hormones glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) that have anti-diabetic properties show very promising effects in animal models of AD. Glucagon (Gcg) is a hormone and growth-factor, and the Gcg receptor is expressed in the brain. Here we test the effects of a triple receptor agonist (TA), which activates GIP-1, GIP and glucagon receptors at the same time. In the present study, the effects of the TA were evaluated in the APP/PS1 transgenic mouse model of AD. The TA was injected once-daily (10 nmol/kg i.p.) for two months. The results showed that treatment with TA significantly reversed the memory deficit in the APP/PS1 mice in a spatial water maze test. Moreover, the drug reduced levels of the mitochondrial pro-apoptotic signaling molecule BAX, increased the anti-apoptotic signaling molecule Bcl-2 and enhanced the levels of BDNF, a key growth factor that protects synaptic function. Levels of synaptophysin were enhanced, demonstrating protection from synaptic loss that is observed in AD. Neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus was furthermore enhanced as shown in the increase of doublecortin positive cells. Furthermore, TA treatment reduced the total amount of β-amyloid, reduced neuroinflammation (activated microglia and astrocytes), and oxidative stress in the cortex and hippocampus. Thus, these findings show that novel TAs are a promising lead for the design of future treatment strategies in AD.Previous Next KeywordsInflammationGrowth factorBDNFBrainInsulinNeurodegeneration1. IntroductionAlzheimer’s disease (AD), is a progressive neurodegenerative disease, characterized clinically by progressive memory loss, cognitive decline, and aberrant behavior [1]. Currently, there is no treatment can improve this condition. Epidemiological studies have shown that type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a risk factor for Alzheimer disease (AD) (Luchsinger et al., 2004, Ohara et al., 2011). The underlying mechanism is most likely that insulin signaling is impaired in the brains of AD patients (Moloney et al., 2010, Talbot et al., 2012). This motivated research in drugs that have shown good effects in treating diabetes to investigate if they could be helpful in treating AD as well. Previous studies have shown that the incretin hormones glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) can play a neuroprotective role in the brain and show very promising effects in animal models of AD (Duffy and Holscher, 2013, Faivre and Holscher, 2013b, Li et al., 2010, McClean et al., 2011, McClean and Holscher, 2014). Glucagon (Gcg) is a hormone and growth-factor, and the Gcg receptor is expressed in the brain (Hoosein and Gurd, 1984, Mayo et al., 2003). Activation of the receptor can activate neuronal activity and cellular Ca2+ signaling and may have neuroprotective properties (Ayush et al., 2015). Here we test the effects of a triple receptor agonist (TA), which activates GIP-1, GIP and glucagon receptors at the same time. This novel drug has been developed as a potential treatment for diabetes (Finan et al., 2015). No studies have been published that test the neuroprotective effects of this novel drug. We therefore tested this promising TA in the APPSWE/PS1dE9 mouse model of AD. This mouse model recapitulates some of the hallmarks of AD, such as memory loss, synaptic loss, reduction of synaptic plasticity, reduction of neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus, chronic inflammation in the brain, and formation of amyloid plaques in the brain (Duffy and Holscher, 2013, Goto et al., 2008, Hamilton et al., 2011, Hamilton and Holscher, 2012, McClean et al., 2011). We tested the effects of TA in this transgenic mouse model and evaluated the neuroprotective effects. We analyzed memory formation, hippocampal neurogenesis, the expression levels of Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) (Blurton-Jones et al., 2009), mitochondrial apoptosis signaling proteins, neuroinflammation and oxidative stress levels.2. Results2.1. TA-treatment improved the learning and memory impairment of APP/PS1 mice in the water mazeA two-way ANOVA found a significant difference between groups (p < 0.0001) and over time (p < 0.001). In the Morris water test, it was observed that the control mice, APP/PS1 mice and TA-treated APP/PS1 mice had a similar escape latency (P > 0.05). On day 5, the average escape distance in searching for the hidden platform in the APP/PS1 mice was significantly longer than that in the control mice (P < 0.05). Compared to the APP/PS1 group, the TA-treated APP/PS1 group’s average escape distance was decreased (P < 0.01). There was no difference in swimming speed among these three groups in training days (P > 0.05).Then on day 6, the platform was removed and the probe trail test was conducted. A one way ANOVA analysis showed an overall difference between groups. The APP/PS1 mice spent less time in the target quadrant (P < 0.01) and had fewer times passing through the original position of the hidden platform (P < 0.01), compared with control mice. In the TA-treated APP/PS1 group, the time spent in target quadrant (P < 0.05) and the frequencies to cross the platform significantly increased (P < 0.05), compared to the APP/PS1 group Fig. 1.Download high-res image (302KB)Download full-size imageFig. 1. The novel TA improved the learning ability of APP/PS1 mice in the spatial water maze task. (A) The escape latency and swimming speed in the training trails. (B) The percentage of time in target quadrant and crossing platform times in the probe trials. The circle indicates the position of the platform during acquisition (C) Representative swimming tracks of the probe trial. * = P < .05, ** = P < .01 compared to the control group, ## = P < .01, # = P < .05 compared to the APP/PS1 group; Two-way ANOVA with Bonferroni repeated measures post hoc tests.2.2. TA-treatment ameliorated amyloid plaques in the brains of APP/PS1 miceIn the immunohistochemical analysis, we analyzed the amount of amyloid plaques present in the brains of APP-PS1 mice. A one-way ANOVA found an overall difference on the amyloid deposits in the cortex (F = 31.10, P < 0.0001) and the hippocampus (F = 30.38, P < 0.0001) of mice between groups. The Aβ1-42 depositions in the cortex and hippocampus of the APP/PS1 mice were significantly higher than that in the control mice (P < 0.001), while TA-treatment group significantly decreased the deposition (P < 0.001) compared to the APP/PS1 group. N = 6 per group. See Fig. 2.Download high-res image (211KB)Download full-size imageFig. 2. TA treatment reduced amyloid deposits in the cortex and hippocampus of APP/PS1 mice. A, D: control group; B, E: APP/PS1 group; C, F: APP/PS1+TA group. Scale bar in image D: 100 μm. *** = P < .001 compared to the control group; ### = P < .001 compared to the APP/PS1 group. One-way ANOVA with Bonferroni repeated measures post hoc tests. N = 6 per group.2.3. TA-treatment reduced the chronic inflammation response in the cortex and hippocampus of the APP/PS1 miceIn the immunohistochemical analysis, an anti-GFAP antibody was used as an indication of activated astrocytes. A one-way ANOVA found an overall difference on the GFAP expression in the cortex (F = 77.03, P < 0.0001) and the hippocampus (F = 86.51, P < 0.0001) of mice between groups. The levels of GFAP in the cortex and hippocampus of the APP/PS1 mice were significantly higher than that in the control mice (P < 0.001), while TA-treatment group significantly decreased (P < 0.001) compared to the APP/PS1 group. N = 6 per group. See Fig. 3.Download high-res image (362KB)Download full-size imageFig. 3. TA-treatment reduced the number of GFAP positive cells in the cortex and hippocampus of APP/PS1 mice. A, D: control group; B, E: APP/PS1 group; C, F: APP/PS1+TA. Scale bar in image D: 50μm. A higher magnification image has been added to show stained astroglia. *** = P < .001 compared with the control group; ### = P < .001 compared with the APP/PS1 group. One-way ANOVA with Bonferroni repeated measures post hoc tests. N = 6 per group.In the immunohistochemical analysis, an anti-IBA1 antibody was used as an indication of microglia activation. A one-way ANOVA found an overall difference on the IBA-1 expression in the cortex (F = 28.71, P < 0.0001) and the hippocampus (F = 66.42, P < 0.0001) of mice between groups. The levels of IBA-1 in the cortex and hippocampus of the APP/PS1 mice were significantly higher than that in the control mice (P < 0.001), while TA-treatment group significantly decreased (P < 0.001, P < 0.01) compared to the APP/PS1 group. N = 6 per group. See Fig. 4.Download high-res image (347KB)Download full-size imageFig. 4. TA treatment reversed the increase of IBA-1 positive cells in the cortex and hippocampus of APP/PS1 mice. A, D: control group; B, E: APP/PS1 group; C, F: APP/PS1+TA group. Scale bar in image D: 100 μm. A higher magnification image has been added to show stained microglia. *** = P < .001 compared to the control group; ## = P < .01, ### = P < .001 compared to the APP/PS1 group. One-way ANOVA with Bonferroni repeated measures post hoc tests. N = 6 per group.2.4. TA-treatment suppressed oxidative stress in the cortex and hippocampus of APP /PS1 miceIn the immunohistochemical analysis, 4-HNE was measured as an indicator of lipid peroxidation. A one-way ANOVA found an overall difference on the 4-HNE expression in the cortex (F = 60.60, P < 0.0001) and the hippocampus (F = 35.22, P < 0.0001) of mice between groups. The expressions of 4-HNE in the cortex and hippocampus of the APP/PS1 mice were significantly higher than that in the control mice (P < 0.001), while TA-treatment group significantly decreased (P < 0.001) compared to the APP/PS1 group. N = 6 per group, see Fig. 5a.Download high-res image (397KB)Download full-size imageFig. 5. Oxidative stress was reduced by the TA. 5A. TA-treatment reduced the increase of 4-HNE levels in the cortex and hippocampus in APP/PS1 mice. A, D: control group; B, E: APP/PS1 group; C, F: APP/PS1+TA group. Scale bar in image D: 100 μm. *** = P < .001 compared with controls; ###=P < .001 compared to the APP/PS1 group. 5B. TA treatment reduced the increase of 8-OHdG levels in the cortex and hippocampus of APP/PS1 mice. A, D: control group; B, E: APP/PS1 group; C, F: APP/PS1+TA group. Scale bar in image D: 100 μm. *** = P < .001 compared to the control group; ## = P < .01, ### = P < .001 compared with the APP/PS1 group. One-way ANOVA with Bonferroni repeated measures ***post hoc tests. N = 6 per group.In the immunohistochemical analysis, 8-OHdG was measured as an indicator of DNA oxidation. A one-way ANOVN found an overall difference on the 8-OHdG expression in the cortex (F = 38.72, P < 0.0001) and the hippocampus (F = 56.60, P < 0.0001) of mice between groups. The expressions of 8-OHdG in the cortex and hippocampus of the APP/PS1 mice were significantly higher than that in the control mice (P < 0.001), while TA-treatment group significantly decreased (P < 0.01, P < 0.001) compared to the APP/PS1 group. N = 6 per group, see Fig. 5b.2.5. TA-treatment increased immature neurons in the dentate gyrus of APP/PS1 miceIn the immunohistochemical analysis, numbers of neurogenesis, assessed by doublecortin (DCX). A one-way ANOVN found an overall difference on the DCX positive cell in the dentate gyrus (F = 43.61, P < 0.0001) of mice between groups. The numbers of DCX were much reduced in the APP/PS1 mice (P < 0.001) compared to the control mice. While TA-treatment partially prevented the reduction (P < 0.001) compared to the APP/PS1 mice. N = 6 per group. See Fig. 6.Download high-res image (169KB)Download full-size imageFig. 6. TA-treatment enhanced neurogenesis and increased numbers of DCX positive cell numbers in the dentate gyrus of APP/PS1 mice. A: control group; B: APP/PS1 group; C: APP/PS1+TA group. Scale bar in image A: 100 μm. *** = P < .001 compared with the control group; ### = P < .001 compared with the APP/PS1 group. One-way ANOVA with Bonferroni repeated measures post hoc tests. N = 6 per group.2.6. TA-treatment reversed the decrease of BDNF levels in the hippocampus of APP/PS1 miceBDNF, a key neurotrophic factor in the brain, was detected by Western blot analysis. A one-way ANOVA found an overall difference between groups (F = 20.01, P < 0.001). The expression of BDNF in hippocampus was reduced in APP/PS1 group (P < 0.001) compared to the control group. TA-treatment reversed the decreased (P < 0.05) compared to the APP/PS1 group. N = 6 per group. See Fig. 7a.Download high-res image (304KB)Download full-size imageFig. 7. A) TA-treatment increased levels of BDNF in the hippocampus of APP/PS1 mice. *** = P < .001compared with the control group; # = P < .05 compared with the APP/PS1 group. N = 6 per group. B) TA-treatment increased levels of synaptophysin in the hippocampus of APP/PS1 mice. *** = P < .001 compared with the control group; ## = P < .01 compared with the APP/PS1 group. N = 6 per group. C) TA-treatment increased the ratio of BAX/Bcl-2 in the hippocampus of APP/PS1 mice. *** = P < .001 compared with the control group; ### = P < .001 compared with the APP/PS1 group. One-way ANOVA with Bonferroni repeated measures post hoc tests. N = 6 per group.2.7. TA-treatment reversed the reduction of synaptophysin levelsSynaptophysin (SYN), a synaptic markers, was detected by Western blot analysis. A one-way ANOVA found an overall difference between groups (F = 20.46, P < 0.001). The level of SYN in hippocampus was decreased in the APP/PS1 group (P < 0.001) compared to the control group. While TA-treatment prevent the reduction (P < 0.01) compared to the APP/PS1 group. N = 6 per group. See Fig. 7b.2.8. TA-treatment showed potential anti-apoptotic effects by decreasing the BAX/Bcl-2 ratio in APP/PS1 miceThe expression of apoptotic proteins, including Bcl-2 (that suppress apoptosis) and BAX (that promotes apoptosis), was detected by Western blot analysis. A one-way ANOVA found an overall difference between groups (F = 77.64, P < 0.001). The ratio of BAX/Bcl-2 in hippocampus was increased (P < 0.001) compared to the control group. While TA-treatment partly decreased the ratio of BAX/Bcl-2 (P < 0.001) compared to the APP/PS1 group. N = 6 per group. See Fig. 7c.3. DiscussionThe results demonstrate for the first time that the novel GLP-1/GIP/Gcg receptor agonist has clear neuroprotective effects in the APP/PS1 mouse model of AD. Memory formation in the spatial water maze task was improved by the drug, and the amyloid plaque load in the cortex and hippocampus was reduced. This result confirms our previous findings that single GLP-1 or GIP analogues can protect from memory loss in this mouse model of AD (Faivre and Holscher, 2013a, Faivre and Holscher, 2013b, McClean et al., 2011, McClean and Holscher, 2014). The chronic inflammation response as seen in the activation of microglia and astrocytes is much reduced by the novel TA, similar to single GLP-1 or GIP receptor agonists (Duffy and Holscher, 2013, Ji et al., 2016a, McClean et al., 2011). Levels of the peroxidized lipid 4-HNE that also acts as a pro-apoptotic signal in mitochondria have been reduced by the TA. 4-HNE is one of the markers of membrane lipid peroxidation induced by cytotoxic radicals such as OH. 4-HNE has cytotoxic, mutagenic and genotoxic properties and 4-HNE is reported to stimulate apoptosis via caspase 3 activation and by inducing mitochondrial damage as shown in cytochrome c release (Ji et al., 2001). The levels of the mitochondrial apoptosis signal BAX (Kim et al., 2005) were also reduced. Importantly, the anti-apoptotic signaling molecule B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) which is active in functioning mitochondria that have normal inner membrane voltage potentials (Kavitha et al., 2013) is upregulated by the TA, adding to the neuroprotective effect. The level of chronic oxidative stress as measure by the levels of the oxidized nucleotide 8-Hydroxiguanosine (8-OHdG) was also reduced by the drug. Neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus was normalized. Importantly, the levels of the key growth factor BDNF were normalized in the brain. BDNF has shown clear neuroprotective effects in a range of animal models of disease (Allen et al., 2013, Benedetti et al., 2014, Blurton-Jones et al., 2009, Nagahara et al., 2013). An important factor of BNDF activity is that it maintains synaptic activity and protects synapses from stressors (Kuipers and Bramham, 2006). The observation that the synaptic marker synaptophysin was expressed at normal levels after TA treatment also indicates that synaptic numbers and function was improved in the AD mouse. We have shown previously that GLP-1 and GIP analogues protect synapses from amyloid induced stress and keeps them functional (Faivre and Holscher, 2013b, Gault and Holscher, 2008a, Gault and Holscher, 2008b, McClean and Holscher, 2014).Recently, multiple receptor agonists have been developed to treat type II diabetes (Finan et al., 2013, Finan et al., 2015). We have tested novel dual GLP-1/GIP receptor agonists that showed good neuroprotective effects that are superior to single GLP-1 analogues (Cao et al., 2016, Jalewa et al., 2017, Ji et al., 2016b, Yuan et al., 2017). The novel dual agonist DA3-CH was found to be superior to liraglutide in a mouse model of Parkinson’s disease (Yuan et al., 2017), demonstrating that the strategy of activating more than one incretin receptor type offers an advantage over single receptor agonists. Here, we show that a novel triple receptor agonist also shows promise as a potential treatment for AD, but further dose–response tests and direct comparisons with other drugs have to be conducted in order to evaluate if this new drug is superior to previous ones.GLP-1, GIP and glucagon are members of the growth factor family (Hölscher, 2016). Their respective receptors are classic 7-membrane spanning domain, G-protein coupled receptors that activate cAMP synthesis (Campbell and Drucker, 2013, Doyle and Egan, 2007, Holst et al., 2011). The activation of the second messenger cascade cAMP-PKA-CREB induces a number of cytoprotective processes, including the normalization of energy utilization, cell repair and growth-factor related gene expression (Holscher, 2014, Jalewa et al., 2016, Perry and Greig, 2004, Sharma et al., 2013). Importantly, GLP-1 and GIP also have anti-inflammatory properties. Astroglia and microglia express the receptors, and activating these reduce the inflammation response (Duffy and Holscher, 2013, Jalewa et al., 2017, Parthsarathy and Holscher, 2013, Spielman et al., 2017). Chronic inflammation is a main driver of neurodegenerative disorders, and a reduction of the inflammation in the brain shows protective effects (Akiyama et al., 2000, Clark et al., 2012, Lee et al., 2010).Based on the impressive preclinical data that demonstrate neuroprotection of such drugs, clinical trials have started that investigate the neuroprotective effects of the GLP-1 receptor agonists exendin-4 (Byetta, Bydureon®) and liraglutide (Victoza®) in patients with AD or with Parkinson disease (PD). A pilot study testing the GLP-1 analogue liraglutide in AD patients showed promising results. In a double blind, placebo controlled trial, AD patients showed no deterioration in brain activity as measured in the 18FDG-PET scan after 12 months of drug treatment. In contrast, the placebo group showed clear reductions in cortical activity as expected for this progressive neurodegenerative disease (Gejl et al., 2016). A phase II clinical trial is currently ongoing (Hölscher, 2016). A pilot trial testing exendin-4 in PD patients has shown good effects (NCT01174810). This open-label study tested the effects of exendin-4 in 45 patients. There were clear improvements in the motor coordination as shown in the MDS-UPDRS part 3 assessment, and cognition was improved as measured by the Mattis DRS-2 test battery that had been designed to evaluate cognitive impairments in PD patients (Aviles-Olmos et al., 2013). Patients were re-tested 12 months later, and the differences in motor performance and cognitive scores were still visible (Aviles-Olmos et al., 2014). A phase II double-blind, placebo controlled clinical trial that tested the once-weekly formulation of exendin-4, Bydureon®, confirmed the results of the pilot study. The drug group did not deteriorate in the MDS-UPDRS part 3 assessment after 48 weeks of treatment, and after 12 weeks of a wash-out period, the disease-modifying effect was still visible. In contrast, the placebo group deteriorated over time as would be expected in this disease (Athauda et al., 2017). In addition, a phase II trial testing liraglutide in PD patients has started, testing patients in a double blind, placebo controlled trial for one year (NCT02953665). A further clinical trial testing the GLP-1 receptor agonist Lixisenatide in PD patients is in planning.These very promising preclinical and the first clinical outcomes demonstrate the efficacy of these novel multiple receptor agonists that originally were developed to treat type II diabetes, but have shown consistent neuroprotective effects in several studies. In the present study, the novel TA improved learning and memory, reduce amyloid plaque load, chronic inflammation and oxidative stress, as well as mitochondrial stress signaling, and improved BDNF release and synaptic markers while normalising neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus. The novel triple GLP-1/GIP/Gcg receptor agonist holds clear promise of being developed into a new treatment for chronic neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease.4. Materials and methods4.1. Peptide and chemicalsThe triple GLP-1/GIP/Gcg used in this study was synthesized by China Peptides Co, Ltd. (Shanghai, China) to 95% purity. The identity and purity of the peptide was confirmed by reversed-phase HPLC and characterized using matrix assisted laser resorption/ionization time of flight (MALDI–TOF) mass spectrometry. The peptide was stored in dry form and dissolved in double-distilled water containing 0.9% NaCl2 before experiments. A Bi-cinchoninicacid (BCA) protein assay kit was purchased from Apply gen Technologies Inc. (Beijing, China). 3, 3-diaminobenzidine (DAB) was purchased from ZSGB-BIO Co. (Beijing, China). The primary antibodies recognizing Aβ1-42, IBA-1, BDNF, 4-Hydroxynonenal (4-HNE), 8-Hydroxyguanosine (8-OHdG), synaptophysin (SYN) and β-actin were obtained from Abcam (Cambridge, UK). The primary antibody GFAP, Bcl-2, and BAX were obtained from Boster Biotechnology (Wuhan, China). The primary antibody doublecortin (DCX) buy from Santa Cruz Biotechnology. HRP-labeled goat anti-rabbit immunoglobulin was obtained from Abcam (Cambridge, UK). The biotinylated goat anti-rabbit IgG, biotinylated rabbit anti-goat IgG, avidinbiotin peroxidase complex reagent was purchased from Boster Biotechnology (Wuhan, China). All other reagents used in the research were of analytical grade and of the highest quality commercially available. The peptide sequence was as follows (Finan et al., 2015):HXQGTFTSDKSKYLDERAAQDFVQWLLDGGPSSGAPPPSX = aminoisobutyric acid, K = γE-C16 acylation (with a C16 fatty acid).4.2. Animals and treatmentsAPP/PS1 transgenic mice were purchased from the Academy of Military Medical Sciences (AMMS, China), were maintained in a constant temperature (22 ± 1 °C) and humidity (relative 30%) under a 12 h light/dark cycle in animal house. As well as age-matched non-AD mice, which are wild-type animals as control. When animals were 6 months of age, TA was dissolved in saline. The dose was a once-daily injection of 10 nmol/kg body weight ip. for two months. Injections were given in the morning (8:00 am). Control mice received equal volumes of saline solution. All experimental procedures involving animals were approved by the Institutional Animal Care Committee of Shanxi Medical University and conform to the guidelines of National Institute of Health (NIH) guideline (NIH publication No. 85-23. Revised 1985). They were divided into three different groups (n = 12). (i): control group treated with saline only; (ii): APP/PS1 group treated with saline only; (iii): APP/PS1 group treated with TA. At the end of drug treatments, measurements of behavioral change, neuronal damage, oxidative stress and inflammatory markers were conducted.4.3. Morris water maze testThe water maze test is a standard method for assessing learning and memory in animals. The water maze (WM) task was performed 5 days after two months intraperitoneal injection. The apparatus was a circular, white painted pool (150 cm in diameter and 60 cm in height) which was filled to a depth of 40 cm with warm water at a temperature 23 ± 2 °C to avoid hypothermia, and was surrounded by a white curtain around the pool. The pool was divided into four quadrants with four starting locations, north (N), east (E), south (S) and west (W), the starting quadrant was randomly chosen. A perspex platform (diameter, 10 cm) was located in a specific location during the acquisition trials and submerged approximately 1.0 cm below the surface of the water. A video camera was mounted directly above the pool to record the movement and the trail of the mice. During the acquisition phase, each mouse was subjected to four consecutive training trials on each day. The mouse was gently placed in the water between the quadrants, and allowed 60 s to search the hidden platform. If it failed to find the platform within 60 s, it was guided to the platform and allowed to remain there for 10 s. Training continued for 5 days. On the sixth day, the hidden platform was removed and each mouse was allowed to swim in the pool for 60 s. The mean time spent in all four quadrants and the target area for searching the hidden platform was recorded.4.4. Brain tissue preparationHalf of the animals were decapitated after anesthetization with ethyl carbamate, hippocampus tissues were immediately isolated and stored at −80 °C for further investigations. The second half of each group was used for immunohistochemistry analysis. Animals were perfused intracardially with saline and cold 4% paraformaldehyde. Brains were removed and post-fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde for 24 h.4.5. ImmunohistochemistryFor DAB staining, fixed tissues were embedded in paraffin. Coronal sections (5 μm thick) of the brains were cut on a Leica microtome for immunohistochemistry. Paraffin was removed from the tissue sections with xylene, and the sections were rehydrated in graded ethanol solutions. Endogenous peroxidase activity was blocked with 3% H2O2 for 10 min at room temperature. Antigen retrieval was performed by heating in 10 mmol/L citrate buffer (pH 6.0) for 10 min. After blocked with 5% BSA, sections were incubated with the primary antibody for doublecortin (goat anti-DCX; 1:50), GFAP (rabbit anti-GFAP; 1:100), IBA-1 (goat anti-IBA1; 1:200), 4-Hydroxynonenal antibody (goat anti-4 HNE; 1:200) and anti-8 Hydroxyguanosine antibody (goat anti-8 OHdG; 1:200) at 37 °C for 2 h. For the Anti-8 OHdG histology, enzymatic antigen retrieval with 10 μm/ml proteinase K for 40 min at 37 °C was performed. To detect amyloid deposits, the primary antibody was Aβ1-42 (rabbit anti-Aβ1-42; 1:100), brain sections were pre-incubated with 70% formic acid and incubated at 4 °C for 24 h. They were rinsed in PBS and incubated with biotinylated goat anti-rabbit IgG or biotinylated rabbit anti-goat IgG at 37 °C for 0.5 h and incubated with the avidin-biotin peroxidase complex reagent at 37 °C for 0.5 h. Samples were stained in DAB solution in the presence of H2O2. All stained sections were viewed and photographed under a Zeiss light microscope, and images were captured by Motic Images Plus2.0ML software. The numbers of DCX positive neurons, the areas of Aβ1-42, GFAP, IBA-1, 4-HNE and 8-OHdG positive cells were determined using Image-pro plus6.0 software. The software counts objects that are defined in size and staining threshold by the user. This automated process avoided user bias.4.6. Western blotThe hippocampal tissues from mice was homogenized in ice cold RIPA buffer (containing 1% Triton X-100, 0.1% SDS, 1% deoxycholate) and PMSF (phenyl-methylsulfonyl fluoride). The homogenate was centrifuged 12,000 rpm/min for 5 min at 4 °C before taking the supernatant. Tissue containing 60 μg of protein was separated on 10–12% gradient Bis–Tris gel with molecular marker and electrophoresed in running buffer at 120 mV for 90 min followed by transfer to the PVDF membrane. Following protein transfer, the membrane was washed in TBST (tris buffered saline with 0.05% Tween-20, pH 8) and blocked in 5% skim milk for 1 h. Then incubated overnight at 4 °C with rabbit anti-synaptophysin (SYN) (1:10,000), rabbit anti-Bcl-2 (1:400), rabbit anti-BAX (1:400), rabbit anti-BDNF (1:5000), after three washes in TBS further incubation for 2 h at room temperature with the HRP-labeled goat anti-rabbit immunoglobulin (1:5000). In some cases, the blots were stripped and reprobed with a rabbit anti-β-actin (1:5000) to ensure equal sample loading. The bound antibodies were then visualized by ECL-enhanced chemiluminescence (Beyotime Institute of Biotechnology, Shanghai, China) according to the manufacturer's instructions. Western blot images were captured with a chemiluminescent imaging system (Sage Creation, Beijing, China). All bands were quantified using the image system of Alpha View SA.4.7. Statistical analysisThe data were presented as the mean ± standard error of mean (S.E.M.) and analyzed by one-way or two way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni’s multiple comparison test using the software Prism 5 (Graph Pad Software Inc, La Jolla, CA, USA). Statistical significance is defined as P < 0.05.ContributorsJT, WL and YL conducted the experiments, LL and CH conceived the experiment and wrote the manuscript.AcknowledgementsThis work was funded by the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, Shanxi Province [(2010)255], by a Shanxi Scholarship Council of China, and supported by a grant from the Alzheimer Society UK. The authors declare no conflict of interestAppendix A. Supplementary dataReferencesAkiyama et al., 2000H. Akiyama, S. Barger, S. Barnum, B. Bradt, J. Bauer, G.M. Cole, N.R. Cooper, P. Eikelenboom, M. Emmerling, B.L. Fiebich, C.E. Finch, S. Frautschy, W.S. Griffin, H. Hampel, M. Hull, G. Landreth, L. Lue, R. Mrak, I.R. Mackenzie, P.L. McGeer, M.K. O'Banion, J. 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HölscherA novel GLP-1/GIP dual agonist is more effective than liraglutide in reducing inflammation and enhancing GDNF release in the MPTP mouse model of Parkinson’s disease© 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved."],["topImageUrl","https://ars.els-cdn.com/content/image/1-s2.0-S0006899317X0022X-cov150h.gif"],["error",null]]}]}],["text","阿茲海默症(Alzheimer’s disease)疾病對於病人及家屬皆會帶來很大的影響，然而至目前為止，疾病的發生機轉及可能的治療方式卻仍在研究階段。《Cell Reports》日前刊登中國山西醫科大學(Shanxi Medical University)的最新發表，研究團隊表示，原先發展用來治療糖尿病的特定藥物，有機會反轉阿茲海默症的記憶喪失症狀。第二型糖尿病已知為阿茲海默症的風險因子之一，其病程會影響到胰島素的分泌，而在過去的研究中亦曾發現，這個影響人體血糖調節的荷爾蒙，其分泌不足可能與大腦的退化情形有關。本篇研究中，作者發現結合第二型糖尿病的特定藥物，可能改善數項阿茲海默症的獨特病徵。作者表示，這項研究發現，有助於未來發展阿茲海默症及其它神經退化疾病的新治療方法。\n \n新聞出處：Alzheimer's treatment: Diabetes drug holds promise for fighting disease after 'significantly reversing' memory loss《Independent》\nhttp://www.independent.co.uk/news/health/alzheimers-diabetes-drug-memory-loss-reverse-disease-treatment-degenerative-a8133681.html\n研究刊登在《Cell Reports》第1678卷第64-74頁\nhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0006899317304596\n "],["id","AWEET-BFyCdS-nWhunGr"],["createdAt","2018-01-17T13:29:59.107Z"]]}],["reply",{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["id","AWEElGNbyCdS-nWhunHT"],["user",{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["id","AVriAlOoyrDaTqlmmqhC"],["name","Lin"],["avatarUrl",null],["level",22]]}],["type","RUMOR"],["text","美國布朗大學沃倫阿爾伯特醫學院（The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University）的蘇珊教授（Suzanne de la Monte），後續發現阿茲海默症患者不一定有第一型或第二型糖尿病，但腦部也會出現血糖代謝異常的狀況，因此認為阿茲海默症和糖尿病有高度相似性，因此學者提出阿茲海默症為第三型糖尿病的說法。"],["reference","http://www.cofit.me/229093913535506/4688052\n飲食與生活習慣的改善，才是預防阿茲海默症的根本"],["hyperlinks",{"__iterable":"List","data":[{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","This area is password protected [401]"],["url","http://www.cofit.me/229093913535506/4688052"],["summary","This area is password protected"],["topImageUrl",""],["error",null]]}]}],["createdAt","2018-01-17T14:44:49.119Z"]]}]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["article",{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["replyCount",2],["references",{"__iterable":"List","data":[{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["type","LINE"]]}]}],["replyRequestCount",1],["user",{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["id","j4S8C_FxFJOU0PYt-POeEuxROBISc5mmlqOB1LN_rl2wHWgKY"],["name","理智的萬榮納特"],["avatarUrl",null],["level",0]]}],["hyperlinks",{"__iterable":"List","data":[{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","全球最大纪录片节送福利，300余部影片免费在线观看"],["url","https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/_uP9xUg0hV_JhkVgLuExVQ?fbclid=IwAR0FX3JExpQPd9Wzpuq5FTo4VAzUeyNkOLdj3oWgN_Gkav5sVugCa7g9Jmw"],["summary","今天要为大家推荐一份属于影迷的福利，全球最大的纪录片影展阿姆斯特丹纪录片节（idfa）在其官网放出300部以上全球纪录片供在线观看，如果你注册为会员还可以增加至500多部，可按国家，类型进行选择。链接直达：https://www.idfa.nl/en/info/watch-films-online-1?from=timeline&isappinstalled=0作为idfa的主办国，荷兰也遭受新冠疫情打击，目前荷兰已经有804例确诊患者，累计死亡10人。荷兰也严重缺乏医疗物资，目前已有大量医护人员感染，荷兰南部医护人员接受了检测，结果显示大约有4%的医护人员感染了新冠病毒。idfa放出数百部纪录片，也似乎是效仿欧洲部分美术馆，博物馆开放在线浏览的形式，意在鼓励民众留在家中，减少外出，而真正喜欢纪录片的影迷也可通过流媒体观看，规避电影院或影展观影的潜在疫情风险。2020年阿姆斯特丹纪录片节原定11月18日至29日进行，暂未宣布延期。位于荷兰阿姆斯特丹的IDFA创立于1988年，是迄今为止世界上最大的纪录片节。每年，IDFA都会展示全世界范围内挑选出的纪录片佳作。中国自1996开始便有作品入选IDFA，到2017年，总计有近百部纪录片被影展收录，包括周浩，杜海滨，徐童，顾桃，范俭等众多如今仍活跃在影坛的纪录片导演都曾有作品在IDFA入选，IDFA参与见证了新千年以来中国纪录片，尤其是中国独立纪录片的发展与成长。下文按年份整理出全部以“中国大陆”为制片国入选IDFA的纪录片，部分中国导演的作品以海外及港台报名影展（如王兵的《孤独》（2013）代表香港参展），本文未做收录。1996～2019，中国百部入围阿姆斯特丹纪录片节作品盘点2019年度2019年度入围作品为今日刚刚公布，多部华语纪录片入选各单元IDFA主竞赛单元：First Appearance竞赛单元韩萌《Smog Town》80分钟IDFA展映类单元：Frontlight 展映单元贾玉川《The Two Lives of Li Ermao》87分钟孙扬，江松长《时光机》81分钟张侨勇（加拿大华裔）《这不是一部电影》107分钟Luminous 展映单元《游神考》81分钟IDFA DocLab Spotlight单元Chien HuangVR实验纪录短片《失身记》31分钟官网完整入围片单：http://t.cn/Ai1PqG9j2018年度世外桃源The Land of Peach Blossoms周铭影Mingying Zhou | China | 2018 | 99minFirst Appearance竞赛单元火山Up the Mountain张杨Yang Zhang | China | 2018 | 126min长片竞赛单元红毛皇帝Dancing in the wind岳廷Ting Yue | China | 2018 | 89min学生竞赛单元死灵魂Dead Souls王兵Bing Wang | China／France／Switzerland | 2018 | 496min大师展映单元我的镜头Chinese Portrait王小帅Xiaoshuai Wang | China | 2018 | 90min大师展映单元安妮AnniRikun Zhu | China | 2018 | 78min佳片展映单元大字Big Characters雎安奇Anqi Ju | China | 2015 | 15min艺术展映单元Trapped in the City of a Thousand Mountains戴霍 DavidVerbeek短片竞赛单元IDFACompetitionforShortDocumentary2017年度二十四号大街 24th Street 潘志琪 Zhiqi Pan| China | 2017 | 88 min长片竞赛单元惊蛰 Awaken 宁佳伟｜中国｜2017｜63min中片竞赛单元行走敦煌 The Cave 赵琦｜中国｜2017｜13min纪录片实验竞赛单元芳舟 Lady of the Harbour 王申｜荷兰、中国｜2017｜95min荷兰竞赛单元团鱼岩 Turtle Rock 萧潇｜中国｜2017｜101min新人竞赛单元2016年度中国梵高 China's Van Goghs余海波 Haibo Yu, 余天琦 Kiki Tianqi Yu 2016 81 minA Chinese replica painter feels a deep affinity with Van Gogh and travelsto Amsterdam to find the spirit of his own work.俺爹俺娘 My Father and My Mother焦波 Bo Jiao 2016 88 minThe life of a simple Chinese couple, documented in thousands ofphotographs and many hours of video footage taken over a 30-yearperiod by their son, a well-known photographer.塑·料·王·国 Plastic China王久良 Jiu-liang Wang 2016 81 minYi Jie and her family live next to a primitive recycling plant. Her worldconsists of mountains of plastic waste from Europe, the United States andAsia.摇摇晃晃的人间 Still Tomorrow范俭 Jian Fan 2016 88 minDisabled by cerebral palsy and unhappily married, the painfully frankXiuhua Yu makes a dramatic breakthrough as a poet. Will fame solve herproblems?欢迎 Welcome朱日坤 Rikun Zhu 2016 63 minA raw and disturbing document that exposes the methods of the Chineseauthorities by allowing them to speak uncensored.2015年度大同 The Chinese Mayor周浩 Hao Zhou2015 87 minThe mayor of the Chinese city of Datong embarks on an immensedemolition and building project to transform his city into a touristattraction.我的诗篇 Chinese Verses吴飞跃 Feiyue Wu, 秦晓宇 Xiaoyu Qin2015 96 minChinese factory workers use poetry to break with their anonymity incandid expressions of their feelings and their hardships.对看 Look Love叶云 Yun Ye2015 146 minTwo Chinese children, one dirt poor, the other filthy rich. They both longfor affection, but neither have parents who can offer it. 我只认识你 Please Remember Me赵青 Qing Zhao2015 78 minAn elderly couple in Shanghai gracefully struggles with age, illness andmemory loss.大路朝天 The Road张赞波 Zanbo Zhang2015 95 minThe construction of a gigantic highway in China puts three parties at oddswith each other: local residents, the construction company and thelaborers.少年小赵 A Young Patriot杜海滨 Du Haibin2015 106 minAn intriguing portrait of a young Chinese nationalist who sees many of hisideals dashed over time.2014年度棉花 Cotton周浩 Zhou Hao2014 83 minMillions of Chinese farm laborers work in the cotton industry. The factoryprovides regular jobs, but is having to live so far from home really worthit?我就是我 I Am Here范立欣 Lixin Fan2014 88 minIDFA Award winner Lixin Fan follows the rite of passage of contestants inSuperboy, a Chinese talent competition for boys.铁西区 Tie Xi Qu: West of the Tracks王兵 Wang Bing2002 554 minA nine-hour meditative masterpiece about the decline of China’s biggestand oldest industrial area, and the consequences for the remainingworkers.2013年度四哥 The Fourth Brother徐童 Tong Xu2013 86 minAn intimate black-and-white portrait of an ex-con getting back to his oldtricks after spending half his life in jail.妈妈的村庄 Mothers许慧晶 Huijing Xu2013 70 minWoman's Care, the birth control center in a small Chinese village, startscracking down on women required to undergo sterilization.梦与影 Playing with Shadows牛小雨 Xiaoyu Niu2013 52 minIn a final attempt to turn his hobby into a job, passionate shadowpuppeteer Li Zi signs up for a TV talent pageant.查房 The Questioning朱日坤 Rikun Zhu2013 21 minThe human rights activist Rikun Zhu opens his door and is confronted bya horde of policemen – luckily he has a camera running, which they don’tnotice.Tiger MountainJie Wu2013 60 minThis moving film gives a voice to the residents of a village in the Chinesecountryside that has been polluted by the coal mining industry and nowreceives no attention whatsoever from the authorities.2012年度千锤百炼 China Heavyweight张侨勇 Yung Chang2012 93 minAn observational documentary on the rise of the Western sport of boxingin China. Will the young talents fight for their country, or themselves?出路 Education, Education陈为军 Weijun Chen2012 58 minDirector Chen Weijun uses three stories of young Chinese people to tell abigger story about the country's failing education system.殇城 Fallen City赵琦 Qi Zhao2012 88 minThree damaged families live in great sadness following an earthquake thathit the Chinese city of Beichuan, while a few miles from the rubble, a newcity is being built.革命是可以被原谅的 Fidaï丹米阳 Damien Ounouri2012 83 minA personal tale of an Algerian revolutionary, this is a story about fightingfor independence - both now and 50 years ago.归途列车 Last Train HomeLixin Fan2009 85 minKeeping the family together is the toughest job of all for the workers ofthe factories of a changing China, who only see their children on NewYear.2011年度死囚其言 Dead Men TalkingRobin Newell2011 52 minEvery year, about a thousand condemned prisoners are executed inChina. Just before their execution, journalist Ding Yu interviews some ofthem for her popular TV show.活着 The Next Life范俭 Fan Jian2011 54 minA Chinese couple whose only child died in the 2008 earthquake turn tomedicine to get pregnant again.最后的春光 The Vanishing Spring Light餘迅 Xun Yu2011 112 minThe lives of the inhabitants of West Street in Dujiangyan City, and inparticular Grandma Jiang, on the eve of radical urban renewal.2010年度2008·纪 Beijing 2008雷建军 Lei Jianjun2010 90 min2008 turns out to be a special year not only for the city of Beijing, wherethe Olympic Games are being held, but also for a resident of the citynamed Ji.殻 Crust黄文海 Wenhai Huang2010 13 minThe story behind the industrialization of China remains as mysterious asthe ghostly figures at the shipyard on the Yangtze River, working to aclaustrophobic soundtrack.海上传奇 I Wish I Knew贾樟柯 Jia Zhang Ke2010 138 minA poetic portrait of Shanghai that captures the present in images and thepast in the personal stories of its inhabitants.2009年度世界最大的中国餐馆The Biggest Chinese Restaurant in the World陈为军 Weijun Chen2008 80 minA film portrait of modern China as viewed through the prism of staff andguests at the largest Chinese restaurant in the world.采花大道 Gipsy in the Flower雎安奇 Anqi Ju2009 60 minA bittersweet portrait of a couple of Chinese beekeepers, who travel10,000 kilometers each year to places where the flowers bloom.贾医生的100个病人 A Hundred Patients of Dr. Jia王洪军 Wang Hongjun2009 105 minHectic scenes in Dr Jia's office. The comings and goings of patients and thepeople they bring along evolve into a charming group portrait.灯塔 Lighthouse殷子静 Chi-Jang Yin2009 16 minA portrait of the nocturnal existence of anonymous Chinese laborers whofight, smoke, play cards, and work, often without knowing that the camerais rolling.上言方 Petition赵亮 Zhao Liang2009 124 minThe inhabitants of Petition Village in Beijing and their daily struggle forjustice against the indifference of the Chinese totalitarian state.2008年度淹没2 Before the Flood II鄢雨 Yu Yan2008 60 minThe residents of a 1,700-year-old Chinese village are dumbfounded whenthey learn that the construction of a reservoir will put their homesunderwater.马夫 Horsemen吴慕清 Nancy Muqing Wu2008 98 minDaily life in the historic Chinese town of Songpan, where tourists makebreath-taking horse treks while the inhabitants are toiling away.老安 The Love of Mr An杨荔钠 Lina Yang2007 79 minAn elderly Chinese man falls in love with his dance partner, who is 30years his junior, but in the meantime has a furious wife waiting for him athome.2007年度红日风暴 Storm under the SunXiaolian Peng, S. Louisa Wei2007 170 minChairman Mao Zedong's deity status was achieved by destroying theautonomy of Chinese intellectuals through a series of political \"storms.\"木帮 Timber Gang于广义 Guangyi Yu2006 90 minLumberjacks in a mountainous area of China use a lumbering method thathas not changed for centuries. This film follows them during their lastwinter on the mountain.伞 Umbrella...杜海滨 Du Haibin2007 93 minIn five chapters, we see socially-defined Chinese groups of people duringtheir labour-intensive attempts to join in with the growing prosperity inChina.龙哥 Using周浩 Zhou Hao2007 145 minA hard-boiled portrait of a Chinese junkie; in Ah Long's mind, everyoneuses everyone else, albeit for different purposes.2006年度Amphibious (Login-Logout)Jennifer Allora, Guillermo Calzadilla2005 6 minA group of turtles rides atop a log as it drifts slowly along the fastamphibious network of import and export activities on the Pearl River inChina.The Big FamilyHuang Lingping2005 82 minA harrowing documentary soap about a rural family that is ruinedbecause of the patriarch's narrow-mindedness and incapacity.Change of ChoiceChen Ling2005 53 minAn account of the onerous, but sorely needed establishment of anagricultural co-op in a farming community dominated by different familyclans.村民影像计划 China Villagers Documentary Project张焕财、贾之坦等 Nong Ke, Zhang Huancai, Wang Wei, Zhou Cengjia, Shao Yuzhen, Ni Lianghui, Sqrolma Tshe Ring, Jia Zhitan, Fu Jiachong, Chujian Yi2006 95 minTen Chinese villagers make short films to document how the Chinesecountryside is struggling with democratic reforms.城市场景 City Scene赵亮 Zhao Liang2005 23 minA string of bizarre scenes from daily life in Beijing, a city in a state ofconfusion.达官营 Daguanying汤晓亮 Tang Xiaoliang, 刘珏欣 Liu Juexin2006 75 minThe elderly residents of an exclusive neighbourhood in Beijing are drivenout of their homes by the excavating machines of project developers.在城市里跳跃 Dancing in the City范俭 Fan Jian2006 118 minA portrait of four young Chinese people who leave their dead-end lives inthe countryside to build a new identity in Beijing.靖大爷和他的老主顾们 Grandpa Jing and His Old Customers施润玖 Shi Runjiu2003 55 minAn atmospheric homage to an 87-year-old barber named Jing. In an oldneighbourhood of Beijing, he reflects on life with the elderly customers hevisits.I Want a New HomeWang Dafei2005 24 minTingting is 10 years old. She resides on a small fishing boat, but wouldrather live in a real house.董家渡 Lotus Ferry周洪波 Zhou Hongbo2006 60 minA light-hearted and agile exploration of a busy old district of Shanghaisings of small, everyday worries and pleasures.在江边 Return to the Border赵亮 Zhao Liang2005 56 minChinese director returns to the Ya Lu River that separates China fromNorth Korea to see what is left of socialism in the two countries.高三 Senior Year周浩 Zhou Hao2005 95 minA detailed account of the pressures that high school seniors and theirteachers must cope with in the ruthless and conservative Chinese schoolsystem.石山 Stone Mountain杜海滨 Du Haibin2006 123 minThis visually stunning documentary on the struggle of miners in theBeijing province provides us with dramatic insight into the lives ofworkers in today's China.TransformationYang Gancai, Wang Yi2006 120 minAn enchanting portrait of a primitive agrarian community in the Chineserainforest. What happens when these lively, self-mocking people meetmodern civilisation?2005年度A Day to RememberLiu Wei2005 13 minWith one simple question, the filmmaker demonstrates that the studentuprising at Tiananmen Square is still a taboo subject in China.Growing UpChang Yu, Wang Dongdong2004 58 minAccount of the rigorous training of underprivileged Chinese children tobecome professional acrobats in a 2000-year-old tradition.Try to Remember钟键 Jian Zhong2005 90 minA son films his mother in the village where she grew up and hears storiesabout her childhood, which was dominated by poverty and the CulturalRevolution.2004年度嵌入肉体的城市 The Concrete Revolution郭小橹 Xiaolu Guo2004 60 minChinese writer and director comments in word and image on the price thenew China pays for joining the outside world.喧哗的尘土 Floating Dust黄文海 Wenhai Huang2004 111 minThe trials and tribulations of young unemployed adults in the Chinese cityof Yaoyang.碧色车站 Jade Green Station于坚 Yu Jian2003 122 minIn very little time, the sleepy village of Bise in China became a livelymeeting place after the construction of a railroad there.七月 July张虹 Tammy Cheung2004 80 minMassive protest march in Hong Kong against proposed new legislationthat would limit freedom.Separation and ReunionZhou Yu2004 41 minThe marriage registration office of the Dalian Xigang District in China. Asa hidden witness, the camera records the intimate stories of differentcouples in the midst of divorces and reunions.Travels by TricycleWang Dongdong2003 39 minA man takes his 98-year-old mother on a journey across China in atricycle trailer.2003年度被子 Quilts雎安奇 Ju An Qi2003 92 minThe filmmaker travels through China in search for intriguing quilts andthe stories of the people sleeping under them.好死不如赖活着 To Live Is Better than to Die陈为军 Weijun Chen2003 90 minSaddening portrait of a Chinese farmer’s family that tries to live with HIV– a result of the trade in blood in the nineties.2002年度Floating MemoryLiu Wei2001 10 minFormer revolutionary loses grip on memories of the Chinese uprising of1989.当兵 Interesting Times - Shao's Long March康健宁 Y. Gong2002 39 minShao Zhenning’s first three months in the Chinese People's LiberationArmy, transform him from a useless dropout into a spirited soldier.拎起大舌头 Interesting Times - The Secret of My Success段锦川 Jinchuan Duan2002 59 minIn Fanshen village, China - birth control policy leads to an unusual turn ofevents in the upcoming village council elections.爱情战争 Interesting Times - The War of Love段锦川 Jinchuan Duan, 蒋樾 Yue Jiang2002 39 minLove in China, depicted by scenes from the life of an amateurmatchmaker-cum-divorce lawyer-cum-unhappy wife.幸福生活 Interesting Times - This Happy Life蒋樾 Yue Jiang2002 94 minAn atmospheric and absurd film about Zhengzhou, China’s busiest trainstation, and two of it it’s employees - Mr. Fu and Mr. Liu.希望之旅 Railroad of Hope宁瀛 Ning Ying2001 52 minFor meagre wages, poor wretches travel across China for three days,meanwhile dreaming of a little money, a little happiness and a decent life.2001年度A Man With HIVTong Li1999 49 minAfter volunteering as a blood donor, the HIV virus is found in 31-year-oldLi Ziliang. He is immediately fired by his boss for fear of infection. Everytime he walks on the street, he is surrounded by groups of people thatstare at him. ‘One touch and you’re finished’, one of them thinks. ‘Peopl…居委会 Neighbourhood Committee张同道Tongdao Zhang2001 49 minIn China, neighbourhood committees play an important role in everydaylife. The committees arrange things for the local residents, they areintermediaries for government plans and they solve neighbourhoodquarrels. They also maintain order and monitor family planning. Since …纸飞机 Paper Airplane赵亮 Zhao Liang, Fan Jun Yi2001 90 minThey play in punk bands with names like Brain Failure Band and AnarchyJerks Band, and regularly stick needles in their arms. Once, rebellionspurred a group of Chinese youngsters who call themselves the HundredFlowers Club to start making music (‘Ignore taboos and rules!’), but no…RevengeMa Jia, Naotomo Umewaka2009 63 minTaking the form of a detective story, this documentary reveals the facts ofthe case of the kidnapping of a young mother, whose age is kept vague fora long time. On 1 April 2000, her brother reported the abduction ofMing’e, who was being forced to marry a farmer. The police liberated h…挣扎 Struggle舒浩仑 Shu Haolun2001 50 minThe city of Shenzhen, close to Hong Kong, was designated a SpecialEconomic Zone in the 1980s, a measure aimed at stimulating the localeconomy through reduced labour costs. This growth is taking its toll,however: every year, ten thousand migrant workers are injured perfor…城乡结合部 Where City and Country Meet张战庆 Zhang Zhanqing2001 90 minAround Beijing, some one million labourers from the Chinese countrysidelive in appalling conditions. Taking one family as an example, directorZhang Zhanqing shows the hopes and problems of living on the fringes ofprosperity. His film is not a social indictment; indeed, by following a frie…2000年度My GrasslandNing Cao1999 23 minOne year in the life of a family that lives on the Mongolian steppes.北京的风很大 There's a Strong Wind in Beijing雎安奇 Ju An Qi1999 48 minCamera crew asks passers-by in Beijing the nonsensical question, ‘Do youthink Beijing’s wind is strong?’1999年度疯狂英语 Crazy English张元 Zhang Yuan1999 90 minHilarious portrait of Li Yang, a Chinese teacher who teaches English tolarge groups of fellow-countrymen.江湖 Jiang Hu: Life on the Road吴文光 Wu Wenguang1999 149 minAccording to the ‘health inspection’, a travelling Chinese show smudgesthe streets of Beijing.婚事 Jiehun梁碧波 Bibo Liang1999 80 minIn China, the marriage ritual consists of six stages that must be completedaccording to the rules.The Elders季丹 Dan Ji, 苏青 Su Qing1999 60 minTibetan village elders pray, converse and resign themselves to theapproaching death.1998年度三节草 Home-coming in Granddaughter梁碧波 Bibo Liang1997 58 minElder woman returns to her native city Chengdu after 53 years.回到凤凰桥 Out of Phoenix Bridge李红 Hong Li1997 110 minFour girls who live and work together in Beijing talk about dreams, fearsand expectations with regard to their marital future.1996年度往事歌谣 Wang shi ge yao郑鸣 Zheng Ming1995 90 minFilm about the life and artistic career of old Wang Luobin, whose whole lifewas dedicated to collecting and performing folk songs from NorthwestChina. SONGS OF THE PAST takes the legendary musician to the place ofhis youth, where he brings back memories of the past and talks about hi…纪录片在荷兰一直是广受欢迎的艺术形式，一年一度的阿姆斯特丹国际纪录片电影节吸引了全球杰出纪录片电影人参展，将世界上每个角落的真实影像展现在银幕前，让观众无法再继续对长久被他们忽略的问题视而不见。无论是春运赶回家过年的中国民工，还是现代都会里饱受恐慌症之苦的阿姆斯特丹居民，纪录片导演们借由影像呈现现代生活的焦虑与无奈，讲述人们在逆境中找到光明与希望的真实故事。深秋的阿姆斯特丹阴雨绵绵，街头难得地显得冷清，顶着雨缩着颈项的行人面目严峻，然而一走到阿姆斯特丹著名的娱乐休闲区伦勃朗广场，一股来自异国的新鲜空气扑面而来。阿姆斯特丹国际纪录片电影节的宣传旗飘扬在各个街角，3000多名来自世界各地的电影爱好者、电影人和媒体记者用不同的语言表达他们对影片的观感，交换在不同国家和文化中拍片的心得。电影节创立于1988年的阿姆斯特丹国际纪录片电影节（IDFA，International Documentary Film Festival Amsterdam，19-29 Nov.）原本只是一个小型的电影活动，21年来逐渐演变成国际上最大型的纪录片盛会之一，今年更有近2500部纪录片参展。强调原创性与创意，阿姆斯特丹国际纪录片电影节在选片时特别注重影像工作者的个人观点与特殊的摄影与制作形式，虽然展出影片相当国际化，阿姆斯特丹纪录片电影节也开始重视本土的视野，在今年首度推出以荷兰纪录片为主的“低地”电影节大赛（Lowland），电影节主席Ally Derks表示：“我们希望这能够为维持荷兰丰富的纪录片传统做出一点贡献！”除此，阿姆斯特丹国际纪录片电影节也担负起推广纪录片艺术形式的重责，刚推出的“纪录片市场”（Docs for Sale）计划帮助纪录片导演寻找买主与展映机会，而有17年历史的the FORUM则是国际纪录片制片人与导演交流讨论、寻求财务支援的最佳场所；另外，成立于1998年的Jan Vrijman Fond更帮助了数百位发展中国家的电影人实现拍片梦想，中国导演范立欣就是获得Jan Vrijman基金奖助的幸运儿之一。纪录片节征片时间及费用以2019年为例2019.5.1（2018.8.1至2019.4.30完成的作品）2019.8.1（2019.4.30后完成的作品）费用：50欧元（不含增值税）征片要求1.非英语影片需有英文字幕。2.若作品的粗剪版本被拒绝，则不能在本届或下届电影节再次投递其更新版本。3.参选者应防止作品外泄。4.报名费用不予退还。5.长片作品在70分钟以上，中长片在40-70分钟内，短片不超过40分钟。学生纪录片单元无时长限制。6.需为世界/国际/欧洲首映作品，优先考虑世界首映。投递学生纪录片单元的作品可为荷兰首映。7.新人单元需提交导演的第一部作品。8.报名前至多在两个电影节或电影市场进行过放映。欧洲内进行市场放映需要得到电影节许可。9.允许在本国院线或电视进行放映，但曾经以互联网、流媒体、DVD等形式传播过的作品不可投递。投递方式在电影节官网https://www.idfa.nl/en/注册账号，填写申请表格，上传screener试看文件。投递单元及奖项设置纪录长片纪录中长片纪录短片新人纪录片学生纪录片最佳纪录长片纪录长片评审团特别奖最佳新人奖新人评审团特别奖最佳纪录中长片纪录中长片评审团特别奖最佳纪录短片纪录短片评审团特别奖最佳学生纪录片学生纪录片评审团特别奖观众选择奖Mediafonds基金纪录片奖IDFA最佳女性导演奖DocLab多媒体叙事奖DocLab浸入式纪实纪录片奖联系方式官网：https://www.idfa.nl/en/邮箱：info@idfa.nl电话：+31 20 6273329地址：International Documentary Film Festival AmsterdamFrederiksplein 52 1017 XN Amsterdam The Netherlands阿姆斯特丹国际纪录片影展也提供一个独立、激发灵感的交流平台，让观众与业界人士可以欣赏多元化及优质的影片。从纪录片形式、内容与导演的文化背景即可看出影展丰富多元的特质。除了主流娱乐、单一电影类型之外，IDFA 提供另一种影片选择以因应观众对于优质、发人省思的电影逐渐增加的需求。从2007 年开始，IDFA 的新媒体单元和纪录片实验室展示极佳的互动式、非剧情类的故事叙述，并探讨数位革命如何重塑纪录片的美学。除了影展之外，IDFA 已发展多样专业活动，协助处于各个发展阶段中的导演及其影片成长萌芽。在跨国跨资制片市场展上，参展导演与制作人向赞助商竭力推销自己的拍片计画；而在纪录片买卖市场展，许多刚出炉的纪录片供节目买家和片商挑选。伯莎基金为资助开发中国家的导演和纪录片拍片计画，IDFA 学院则专门训练全球新锐纪录片导演。📎过去10年，全球最佳纪录片110部交易担保实验影像中心实验影像中心·策展单元 Mini Program 「导筒」微信号 directube2016 📎庆祝“举报问题”被广泛讨论，导筒手机壳买一赠一📎异业合作 | 导筒2020年文末广告位招募推广/合作/活动加微信号：directubeee"],["topImageUrl",null],["error",null]]}]}],["text","新冠疫情期間的最大享受😄\n\n一份屬於影迷的福利，全球最大的纪录片影展阿姆斯特丹纪录片节（idfa）在其官网放出300部以上全球纪录片供在线观看！\n如果你注册为会员还可以增加至500多部，可按国家，类型进行选择。\n\nhttps://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/_uP9xUg0hV_JhkVgLuExVQ?fbclid=IwAR0FX3JExpQPd9Wzpuq5FTo4VAzUeyNkOLdj3oWgN_Gkav5sVugCa7g9Jmw"],["id","25ypo7x9o4nkv"],["createdAt","2020-03-20T15:32:08.879Z"]]}],["reply",{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["id","7Bgt5HEBrhVJn3LNH0a-"],["user",{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["id","nhgg5HEBrhVJn3LNTkUn"],["name","老吳"],["avatarUrl","https://www.gravatar.com/avatar/0837c7712906dde6f5d4dcdf8bbc51cf?s=100&d=identicon&r=g"],["level",1]]}],["type","NOT_RUMOR"],["text","此為荷蘭阿姆斯特丹國際紀錄片影展(International Documentary Film Festival Amsterdam)的官方網站，一點進去即可看到官網將Watch Films Online放在最上面。"],["reference","https://www.idfa.nl/en/"],["hyperlinks",{"__iterable":"List","data":[{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title",""],["url","https://www.idfa.nl/en/"],["summary",""],["topImageUrl",null],["error","NOT_REACHABLE"]]}]}],["createdAt","2020-05-05T09:31:34.723Z"]]}]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["article",{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["replyCount",2],["references",{"__iterable":"List","data":[{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["type","LINE"]]}]}],["replyRequestCount",1],["user",{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["id","j4S8C_FxFJOU0PYt-POeEuxROBISc5mmlqOB1LN_rl2wHWgKY"],["name","理智的萬榮納特"],["avatarUrl",null],["level",0]]}],["hyperlinks",{"__iterable":"List","data":[{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","全球最大纪录片节送福利，300余部影片免费在线观看"],["url","https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/_uP9xUg0hV_JhkVgLuExVQ?fbclid=IwAR0FX3JExpQPd9Wzpuq5FTo4VAzUeyNkOLdj3oWgN_Gkav5sVugCa7g9Jmw"],["summary","今天要为大家推荐一份属于影迷的福利，全球最大的纪录片影展阿姆斯特丹纪录片节（idfa）在其官网放出300部以上全球纪录片供在线观看，如果你注册为会员还可以增加至500多部，可按国家，类型进行选择。链接直达：https://www.idfa.nl/en/info/watch-films-online-1?from=timeline&isappinstalled=0作为idfa的主办国，荷兰也遭受新冠疫情打击，目前荷兰已经有804例确诊患者，累计死亡10人。荷兰也严重缺乏医疗物资，目前已有大量医护人员感染，荷兰南部医护人员接受了检测，结果显示大约有4%的医护人员感染了新冠病毒。idfa放出数百部纪录片，也似乎是效仿欧洲部分美术馆，博物馆开放在线浏览的形式，意在鼓励民众留在家中，减少外出，而真正喜欢纪录片的影迷也可通过流媒体观看，规避电影院或影展观影的潜在疫情风险。2020年阿姆斯特丹纪录片节原定11月18日至29日进行，暂未宣布延期。位于荷兰阿姆斯特丹的IDFA创立于1988年，是迄今为止世界上最大的纪录片节。每年，IDFA都会展示全世界范围内挑选出的纪录片佳作。中国自1996开始便有作品入选IDFA，到2017年，总计有近百部纪录片被影展收录，包括周浩，杜海滨，徐童，顾桃，范俭等众多如今仍活跃在影坛的纪录片导演都曾有作品在IDFA入选，IDFA参与见证了新千年以来中国纪录片，尤其是中国独立纪录片的发展与成长。下文按年份整理出全部以“中国大陆”为制片国入选IDFA的纪录片，部分中国导演的作品以海外及港台报名影展（如王兵的《孤独》（2013）代表香港参展），本文未做收录。1996～2019，中国百部入围阿姆斯特丹纪录片节作品盘点2019年度2019年度入围作品为今日刚刚公布，多部华语纪录片入选各单元IDFA主竞赛单元：First Appearance竞赛单元韩萌《Smog Town》80分钟IDFA展映类单元：Frontlight 展映单元贾玉川《The Two Lives of Li Ermao》87分钟孙扬，江松长《时光机》81分钟张侨勇（加拿大华裔）《这不是一部电影》107分钟Luminous 展映单元《游神考》81分钟IDFA DocLab Spotlight单元Chien HuangVR实验纪录短片《失身记》31分钟官网完整入围片单：http://t.cn/Ai1PqG9j2018年度世外桃源The Land of Peach Blossoms周铭影Mingying Zhou | China | 2018 | 99minFirst Appearance竞赛单元火山Up the Mountain张杨Yang Zhang | China | 2018 | 126min长片竞赛单元红毛皇帝Dancing in the wind岳廷Ting Yue | China | 2018 | 89min学生竞赛单元死灵魂Dead Souls王兵Bing Wang | China／France／Switzerland | 2018 | 496min大师展映单元我的镜头Chinese Portrait王小帅Xiaoshuai Wang | China | 2018 | 90min大师展映单元安妮AnniRikun Zhu | China | 2018 | 78min佳片展映单元大字Big Characters雎安奇Anqi Ju | China | 2015 | 15min艺术展映单元Trapped in the City of a Thousand Mountains戴霍 DavidVerbeek短片竞赛单元IDFACompetitionforShortDocumentary2017年度二十四号大街 24th Street 潘志琪 Zhiqi Pan| China | 2017 | 88 min长片竞赛单元惊蛰 Awaken 宁佳伟｜中国｜2017｜63min中片竞赛单元行走敦煌 The Cave 赵琦｜中国｜2017｜13min纪录片实验竞赛单元芳舟 Lady of the Harbour 王申｜荷兰、中国｜2017｜95min荷兰竞赛单元团鱼岩 Turtle Rock 萧潇｜中国｜2017｜101min新人竞赛单元2016年度中国梵高 China's Van Goghs余海波 Haibo Yu, 余天琦 Kiki Tianqi Yu 2016 81 minA Chinese replica painter feels a deep affinity with Van Gogh and travelsto Amsterdam to find the spirit of his own work.俺爹俺娘 My Father and My Mother焦波 Bo Jiao 2016 88 minThe life of a simple Chinese couple, documented in thousands ofphotographs and many hours of video footage taken over a 30-yearperiod by their son, a well-known photographer.塑·料·王·国 Plastic China王久良 Jiu-liang Wang 2016 81 minYi Jie and her family live next to a primitive recycling plant. Her worldconsists of mountains of plastic waste from Europe, the United States andAsia.摇摇晃晃的人间 Still Tomorrow范俭 Jian Fan 2016 88 minDisabled by cerebral palsy and unhappily married, the painfully frankXiuhua Yu makes a dramatic breakthrough as a poet. Will fame solve herproblems?欢迎 Welcome朱日坤 Rikun Zhu 2016 63 minA raw and disturbing document that exposes the methods of the Chineseauthorities by allowing them to speak uncensored.2015年度大同 The Chinese Mayor周浩 Hao Zhou2015 87 minThe mayor of the Chinese city of Datong embarks on an immensedemolition and building project to transform his city into a touristattraction.我的诗篇 Chinese Verses吴飞跃 Feiyue Wu, 秦晓宇 Xiaoyu Qin2015 96 minChinese factory workers use poetry to break with their anonymity incandid expressions of their feelings and their hardships.对看 Look Love叶云 Yun Ye2015 146 minTwo Chinese children, one dirt poor, the other filthy rich. They both longfor affection, but neither have parents who can offer it. 我只认识你 Please Remember Me赵青 Qing Zhao2015 78 minAn elderly couple in Shanghai gracefully struggles with age, illness andmemory loss.大路朝天 The Road张赞波 Zanbo Zhang2015 95 minThe construction of a gigantic highway in China puts three parties at oddswith each other: local residents, the construction company and thelaborers.少年小赵 A Young Patriot杜海滨 Du Haibin2015 106 minAn intriguing portrait of a young Chinese nationalist who sees many of hisideals dashed over time.2014年度棉花 Cotton周浩 Zhou Hao2014 83 minMillions of Chinese farm laborers work in the cotton industry. The factoryprovides regular jobs, but is having to live so far from home really worthit?我就是我 I Am Here范立欣 Lixin Fan2014 88 minIDFA Award winner Lixin Fan follows the rite of passage of contestants inSuperboy, a Chinese talent competition for boys.铁西区 Tie Xi Qu: West of the Tracks王兵 Wang Bing2002 554 minA nine-hour meditative masterpiece about the decline of China’s biggestand oldest industrial area, and the consequences for the remainingworkers.2013年度四哥 The Fourth Brother徐童 Tong Xu2013 86 minAn intimate black-and-white portrait of an ex-con getting back to his oldtricks after spending half his life in jail.妈妈的村庄 Mothers许慧晶 Huijing Xu2013 70 minWoman's Care, the birth control center in a small Chinese village, startscracking down on women required to undergo sterilization.梦与影 Playing with Shadows牛小雨 Xiaoyu Niu2013 52 minIn a final attempt to turn his hobby into a job, passionate shadowpuppeteer Li Zi signs up for a TV talent pageant.查房 The Questioning朱日坤 Rikun Zhu2013 21 minThe human rights activist Rikun Zhu opens his door and is confronted bya horde of policemen – luckily he has a camera running, which they don’tnotice.Tiger MountainJie Wu2013 60 minThis moving film gives a voice to the residents of a village in the Chinesecountryside that has been polluted by the coal mining industry and nowreceives no attention whatsoever from the authorities.2012年度千锤百炼 China Heavyweight张侨勇 Yung Chang2012 93 minAn observational documentary on the rise of the Western sport of boxingin China. Will the young talents fight for their country, or themselves?出路 Education, Education陈为军 Weijun Chen2012 58 minDirector Chen Weijun uses three stories of young Chinese people to tell abigger story about the country's failing education system.殇城 Fallen City赵琦 Qi Zhao2012 88 minThree damaged families live in great sadness following an earthquake thathit the Chinese city of Beichuan, while a few miles from the rubble, a newcity is being built.革命是可以被原谅的 Fidaï丹米阳 Damien Ounouri2012 83 minA personal tale of an Algerian revolutionary, this is a story about fightingfor independence - both now and 50 years ago.归途列车 Last Train HomeLixin Fan2009 85 minKeeping the family together is the toughest job of all for the workers ofthe factories of a changing China, who only see their children on NewYear.2011年度死囚其言 Dead Men TalkingRobin Newell2011 52 minEvery year, about a thousand condemned prisoners are executed inChina. Just before their execution, journalist Ding Yu interviews some ofthem for her popular TV show.活着 The Next Life范俭 Fan Jian2011 54 minA Chinese couple whose only child died in the 2008 earthquake turn tomedicine to get pregnant again.最后的春光 The Vanishing Spring Light餘迅 Xun Yu2011 112 minThe lives of the inhabitants of West Street in Dujiangyan City, and inparticular Grandma Jiang, on the eve of radical urban renewal.2010年度2008·纪 Beijing 2008雷建军 Lei Jianjun2010 90 min2008 turns out to be a special year not only for the city of Beijing, wherethe Olympic Games are being held, but also for a resident of the citynamed Ji.殻 Crust黄文海 Wenhai Huang2010 13 minThe story behind the industrialization of China remains as mysterious asthe ghostly figures at the shipyard on the Yangtze River, working to aclaustrophobic soundtrack.海上传奇 I Wish I Knew贾樟柯 Jia Zhang Ke2010 138 minA poetic portrait of Shanghai that captures the present in images and thepast in the personal stories of its inhabitants.2009年度世界最大的中国餐馆The Biggest Chinese Restaurant in the World陈为军 Weijun Chen2008 80 minA film portrait of modern China as viewed through the prism of staff andguests at the largest Chinese restaurant in the world.采花大道 Gipsy in the Flower雎安奇 Anqi Ju2009 60 minA bittersweet portrait of a couple of Chinese beekeepers, who travel10,000 kilometers each year to places where the flowers bloom.贾医生的100个病人 A Hundred Patients of Dr. Jia王洪军 Wang Hongjun2009 105 minHectic scenes in Dr Jia's office. The comings and goings of patients and thepeople they bring along evolve into a charming group portrait.灯塔 Lighthouse殷子静 Chi-Jang Yin2009 16 minA portrait of the nocturnal existence of anonymous Chinese laborers whofight, smoke, play cards, and work, often without knowing that the camerais rolling.上言方 Petition赵亮 Zhao Liang2009 124 minThe inhabitants of Petition Village in Beijing and their daily struggle forjustice against the indifference of the Chinese totalitarian state.2008年度淹没2 Before the Flood II鄢雨 Yu Yan2008 60 minThe residents of a 1,700-year-old Chinese village are dumbfounded whenthey learn that the construction of a reservoir will put their homesunderwater.马夫 Horsemen吴慕清 Nancy Muqing Wu2008 98 minDaily life in the historic Chinese town of Songpan, where tourists makebreath-taking horse treks while the inhabitants are toiling away.老安 The Love of Mr An杨荔钠 Lina Yang2007 79 minAn elderly Chinese man falls in love with his dance partner, who is 30years his junior, but in the meantime has a furious wife waiting for him athome.2007年度红日风暴 Storm under the SunXiaolian Peng, S. Louisa Wei2007 170 minChairman Mao Zedong's deity status was achieved by destroying theautonomy of Chinese intellectuals through a series of political \"storms.\"木帮 Timber Gang于广义 Guangyi Yu2006 90 minLumberjacks in a mountainous area of China use a lumbering method thathas not changed for centuries. This film follows them during their lastwinter on the mountain.伞 Umbrella...杜海滨 Du Haibin2007 93 minIn five chapters, we see socially-defined Chinese groups of people duringtheir labour-intensive attempts to join in with the growing prosperity inChina.龙哥 Using周浩 Zhou Hao2007 145 minA hard-boiled portrait of a Chinese junkie; in Ah Long's mind, everyoneuses everyone else, albeit for different purposes.2006年度Amphibious (Login-Logout)Jennifer Allora, Guillermo Calzadilla2005 6 minA group of turtles rides atop a log as it drifts slowly along the fastamphibious network of import and export activities on the Pearl River inChina.The Big FamilyHuang Lingping2005 82 minA harrowing documentary soap about a rural family that is ruinedbecause of the patriarch's narrow-mindedness and incapacity.Change of ChoiceChen Ling2005 53 minAn account of the onerous, but sorely needed establishment of anagricultural co-op in a farming community dominated by different familyclans.村民影像计划 China Villagers Documentary Project张焕财、贾之坦等 Nong Ke, Zhang Huancai, Wang Wei, Zhou Cengjia, Shao Yuzhen, Ni Lianghui, Sqrolma Tshe Ring, Jia Zhitan, Fu Jiachong, Chujian Yi2006 95 minTen Chinese villagers make short films to document how the Chinesecountryside is struggling with democratic reforms.城市场景 City Scene赵亮 Zhao Liang2005 23 minA string of bizarre scenes from daily life in Beijing, a city in a state ofconfusion.达官营 Daguanying汤晓亮 Tang Xiaoliang, 刘珏欣 Liu Juexin2006 75 minThe elderly residents of an exclusive neighbourhood in Beijing are drivenout of their homes by the excavating machines of project developers.在城市里跳跃 Dancing in the City范俭 Fan Jian2006 118 minA portrait of four young Chinese people who leave their dead-end lives inthe countryside to build a new identity in Beijing.靖大爷和他的老主顾们 Grandpa Jing and His Old Customers施润玖 Shi Runjiu2003 55 minAn atmospheric homage to an 87-year-old barber named Jing. In an oldneighbourhood of Beijing, he reflects on life with the elderly customers hevisits.I Want a New HomeWang Dafei2005 24 minTingting is 10 years old. She resides on a small fishing boat, but wouldrather live in a real house.董家渡 Lotus Ferry周洪波 Zhou Hongbo2006 60 minA light-hearted and agile exploration of a busy old district of Shanghaisings of small, everyday worries and pleasures.在江边 Return to the Border赵亮 Zhao Liang2005 56 minChinese director returns to the Ya Lu River that separates China fromNorth Korea to see what is left of socialism in the two countries.高三 Senior Year周浩 Zhou Hao2005 95 minA detailed account of the pressures that high school seniors and theirteachers must cope with in the ruthless and conservative Chinese schoolsystem.石山 Stone Mountain杜海滨 Du Haibin2006 123 minThis visually stunning documentary on the struggle of miners in theBeijing province provides us with dramatic insight into the lives ofworkers in today's China.TransformationYang Gancai, Wang Yi2006 120 minAn enchanting portrait of a primitive agrarian community in the Chineserainforest. What happens when these lively, self-mocking people meetmodern civilisation?2005年度A Day to RememberLiu Wei2005 13 minWith one simple question, the filmmaker demonstrates that the studentuprising at Tiananmen Square is still a taboo subject in China.Growing UpChang Yu, Wang Dongdong2004 58 minAccount of the rigorous training of underprivileged Chinese children tobecome professional acrobats in a 2000-year-old tradition.Try to Remember钟键 Jian Zhong2005 90 minA son films his mother in the village where she grew up and hears storiesabout her childhood, which was dominated by poverty and the CulturalRevolution.2004年度嵌入肉体的城市 The Concrete Revolution郭小橹 Xiaolu Guo2004 60 minChinese writer and director comments in word and image on the price thenew China pays for joining the outside world.喧哗的尘土 Floating Dust黄文海 Wenhai Huang2004 111 minThe trials and tribulations of young unemployed adults in the Chinese cityof Yaoyang.碧色车站 Jade Green Station于坚 Yu Jian2003 122 minIn very little time, the sleepy village of Bise in China became a livelymeeting place after the construction of a railroad there.七月 July张虹 Tammy Cheung2004 80 minMassive protest march in Hong Kong against proposed new legislationthat would limit freedom.Separation and ReunionZhou Yu2004 41 minThe marriage registration office of the Dalian Xigang District in China. Asa hidden witness, the camera records the intimate stories of differentcouples in the midst of divorces and reunions.Travels by TricycleWang Dongdong2003 39 minA man takes his 98-year-old mother on a journey across China in atricycle trailer.2003年度被子 Quilts雎安奇 Ju An Qi2003 92 minThe filmmaker travels through China in search for intriguing quilts andthe stories of the people sleeping under them.好死不如赖活着 To Live Is Better than to Die陈为军 Weijun Chen2003 90 minSaddening portrait of a Chinese farmer’s family that tries to live with HIV– a result of the trade in blood in the nineties.2002年度Floating MemoryLiu Wei2001 10 minFormer revolutionary loses grip on memories of the Chinese uprising of1989.当兵 Interesting Times - Shao's Long March康健宁 Y. Gong2002 39 minShao Zhenning’s first three months in the Chinese People's LiberationArmy, transform him from a useless dropout into a spirited soldier.拎起大舌头 Interesting Times - The Secret of My Success段锦川 Jinchuan Duan2002 59 minIn Fanshen village, China - birth control policy leads to an unusual turn ofevents in the upcoming village council elections.爱情战争 Interesting Times - The War of Love段锦川 Jinchuan Duan, 蒋樾 Yue Jiang2002 39 minLove in China, depicted by scenes from the life of an amateurmatchmaker-cum-divorce lawyer-cum-unhappy wife.幸福生活 Interesting Times - This Happy Life蒋樾 Yue Jiang2002 94 minAn atmospheric and absurd film about Zhengzhou, China’s busiest trainstation, and two of it it’s employees - Mr. Fu and Mr. Liu.希望之旅 Railroad of Hope宁瀛 Ning Ying2001 52 minFor meagre wages, poor wretches travel across China for three days,meanwhile dreaming of a little money, a little happiness and a decent life.2001年度A Man With HIVTong Li1999 49 minAfter volunteering as a blood donor, the HIV virus is found in 31-year-oldLi Ziliang. He is immediately fired by his boss for fear of infection. Everytime he walks on the street, he is surrounded by groups of people thatstare at him. ‘One touch and you’re finished’, one of them thinks. ‘Peopl…居委会 Neighbourhood Committee张同道Tongdao Zhang2001 49 minIn China, neighbourhood committees play an important role in everydaylife. The committees arrange things for the local residents, they areintermediaries for government plans and they solve neighbourhoodquarrels. They also maintain order and monitor family planning. Since …纸飞机 Paper Airplane赵亮 Zhao Liang, Fan Jun Yi2001 90 minThey play in punk bands with names like Brain Failure Band and AnarchyJerks Band, and regularly stick needles in their arms. Once, rebellionspurred a group of Chinese youngsters who call themselves the HundredFlowers Club to start making music (‘Ignore taboos and rules!’), but no…RevengeMa Jia, Naotomo Umewaka2009 63 minTaking the form of a detective story, this documentary reveals the facts ofthe case of the kidnapping of a young mother, whose age is kept vague fora long time. On 1 April 2000, her brother reported the abduction ofMing’e, who was being forced to marry a farmer. The police liberated h…挣扎 Struggle舒浩仑 Shu Haolun2001 50 minThe city of Shenzhen, close to Hong Kong, was designated a SpecialEconomic Zone in the 1980s, a measure aimed at stimulating the localeconomy through reduced labour costs. This growth is taking its toll,however: every year, ten thousand migrant workers are injured perfor…城乡结合部 Where City and Country Meet张战庆 Zhang Zhanqing2001 90 minAround Beijing, some one million labourers from the Chinese countrysidelive in appalling conditions. Taking one family as an example, directorZhang Zhanqing shows the hopes and problems of living on the fringes ofprosperity. His film is not a social indictment; indeed, by following a frie…2000年度My GrasslandNing Cao1999 23 minOne year in the life of a family that lives on the Mongolian steppes.北京的风很大 There's a Strong Wind in Beijing雎安奇 Ju An Qi1999 48 minCamera crew asks passers-by in Beijing the nonsensical question, ‘Do youthink Beijing’s wind is strong?’1999年度疯狂英语 Crazy English张元 Zhang Yuan1999 90 minHilarious portrait of Li Yang, a Chinese teacher who teaches English tolarge groups of fellow-countrymen.江湖 Jiang Hu: Life on the Road吴文光 Wu Wenguang1999 149 minAccording to the ‘health inspection’, a travelling Chinese show smudgesthe streets of Beijing.婚事 Jiehun梁碧波 Bibo Liang1999 80 minIn China, the marriage ritual consists of six stages that must be completedaccording to the rules.The Elders季丹 Dan Ji, 苏青 Su Qing1999 60 minTibetan village elders pray, converse and resign themselves to theapproaching death.1998年度三节草 Home-coming in Granddaughter梁碧波 Bibo Liang1997 58 minElder woman returns to her native city Chengdu after 53 years.回到凤凰桥 Out of Phoenix Bridge李红 Hong Li1997 110 minFour girls who live and work together in Beijing talk about dreams, fearsand expectations with regard to their marital future.1996年度往事歌谣 Wang shi ge yao郑鸣 Zheng Ming1995 90 minFilm about the life and artistic career of old Wang Luobin, whose whole lifewas dedicated to collecting and performing folk songs from NorthwestChina. SONGS OF THE PAST takes the legendary musician to the place ofhis youth, where he brings back memories of the past and talks about hi…纪录片在荷兰一直是广受欢迎的艺术形式，一年一度的阿姆斯特丹国际纪录片电影节吸引了全球杰出纪录片电影人参展，将世界上每个角落的真实影像展现在银幕前，让观众无法再继续对长久被他们忽略的问题视而不见。无论是春运赶回家过年的中国民工，还是现代都会里饱受恐慌症之苦的阿姆斯特丹居民，纪录片导演们借由影像呈现现代生活的焦虑与无奈，讲述人们在逆境中找到光明与希望的真实故事。深秋的阿姆斯特丹阴雨绵绵，街头难得地显得冷清，顶着雨缩着颈项的行人面目严峻，然而一走到阿姆斯特丹著名的娱乐休闲区伦勃朗广场，一股来自异国的新鲜空气扑面而来。阿姆斯特丹国际纪录片电影节的宣传旗飘扬在各个街角，3000多名来自世界各地的电影爱好者、电影人和媒体记者用不同的语言表达他们对影片的观感，交换在不同国家和文化中拍片的心得。电影节创立于1988年的阿姆斯特丹国际纪录片电影节（IDFA，International Documentary Film Festival Amsterdam，19-29 Nov.）原本只是一个小型的电影活动，21年来逐渐演变成国际上最大型的纪录片盛会之一，今年更有近2500部纪录片参展。强调原创性与创意，阿姆斯特丹国际纪录片电影节在选片时特别注重影像工作者的个人观点与特殊的摄影与制作形式，虽然展出影片相当国际化，阿姆斯特丹纪录片电影节也开始重视本土的视野，在今年首度推出以荷兰纪录片为主的“低地”电影节大赛（Lowland），电影节主席Ally Derks表示：“我们希望这能够为维持荷兰丰富的纪录片传统做出一点贡献！”除此，阿姆斯特丹国际纪录片电影节也担负起推广纪录片艺术形式的重责，刚推出的“纪录片市场”（Docs for Sale）计划帮助纪录片导演寻找买主与展映机会，而有17年历史的the FORUM则是国际纪录片制片人与导演交流讨论、寻求财务支援的最佳场所；另外，成立于1998年的Jan Vrijman Fond更帮助了数百位发展中国家的电影人实现拍片梦想，中国导演范立欣就是获得Jan Vrijman基金奖助的幸运儿之一。纪录片节征片时间及费用以2019年为例2019.5.1（2018.8.1至2019.4.30完成的作品）2019.8.1（2019.4.30后完成的作品）费用：50欧元（不含增值税）征片要求1.非英语影片需有英文字幕。2.若作品的粗剪版本被拒绝，则不能在本届或下届电影节再次投递其更新版本。3.参选者应防止作品外泄。4.报名费用不予退还。5.长片作品在70分钟以上，中长片在40-70分钟内，短片不超过40分钟。学生纪录片单元无时长限制。6.需为世界/国际/欧洲首映作品，优先考虑世界首映。投递学生纪录片单元的作品可为荷兰首映。7.新人单元需提交导演的第一部作品。8.报名前至多在两个电影节或电影市场进行过放映。欧洲内进行市场放映需要得到电影节许可。9.允许在本国院线或电视进行放映，但曾经以互联网、流媒体、DVD等形式传播过的作品不可投递。投递方式在电影节官网https://www.idfa.nl/en/注册账号，填写申请表格，上传screener试看文件。投递单元及奖项设置纪录长片纪录中长片纪录短片新人纪录片学生纪录片最佳纪录长片纪录长片评审团特别奖最佳新人奖新人评审团特别奖最佳纪录中长片纪录中长片评审团特别奖最佳纪录短片纪录短片评审团特别奖最佳学生纪录片学生纪录片评审团特别奖观众选择奖Mediafonds基金纪录片奖IDFA最佳女性导演奖DocLab多媒体叙事奖DocLab浸入式纪实纪录片奖联系方式官网：https://www.idfa.nl/en/邮箱：info@idfa.nl电话：+31 20 6273329地址：International Documentary Film Festival AmsterdamFrederiksplein 52 1017 XN Amsterdam The Netherlands阿姆斯特丹国际纪录片影展也提供一个独立、激发灵感的交流平台，让观众与业界人士可以欣赏多元化及优质的影片。从纪录片形式、内容与导演的文化背景即可看出影展丰富多元的特质。除了主流娱乐、单一电影类型之外，IDFA 提供另一种影片选择以因应观众对于优质、发人省思的电影逐渐增加的需求。从2007 年开始，IDFA 的新媒体单元和纪录片实验室展示极佳的互动式、非剧情类的故事叙述，并探讨数位革命如何重塑纪录片的美学。除了影展之外，IDFA 已发展多样专业活动，协助处于各个发展阶段中的导演及其影片成长萌芽。在跨国跨资制片市场展上，参展导演与制作人向赞助商竭力推销自己的拍片计画；而在纪录片买卖市场展，许多刚出炉的纪录片供节目买家和片商挑选。伯莎基金为资助开发中国家的导演和纪录片拍片计画，IDFA 学院则专门训练全球新锐纪录片导演。📎过去10年，全球最佳纪录片110部交易担保实验影像中心实验影像中心·策展单元 Mini Program 「导筒」微信号 directube2016 📎庆祝“举报问题”被广泛讨论，导筒手机壳买一赠一📎异业合作 | 导筒2020年文末广告位招募推广/合作/活动加微信号：directubeee"],["topImageUrl",null],["error",null]]}]}],["text","新冠疫情期間的最大享受😄\n\n一份屬於影迷的福利，全球最大的纪录片影展阿姆斯特丹纪录片节（idfa）在其官网放出300部以上全球纪录片供在线观看！\n如果你注册为会员还可以增加至500多部，可按国家，类型进行选择。\n\nhttps://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/_uP9xUg0hV_JhkVgLuExVQ?fbclid=IwAR0FX3JExpQPd9Wzpuq5FTo4VAzUeyNkOLdj3oWgN_Gkav5sVugCa7g9Jmw"],["id","25ypo7x9o4nkv"],["createdAt","2020-03-20T15:32:08.879Z"]]}],["reply",{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["id","cgXv-HABrhVJn3LN13w3"],["user",{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["id","_1YnAG8BV0DITCqGm7go"],["name","uienwt"],["avatarUrl",null],["level",18]]}],["type","NOT_RUMOR"],["text","全球最大的紀錄片影展:荷蘭阿姆斯特丹國際紀錄片影展(IDFA)官網釋出300部以上精選全球紀錄片供線上免費收看。"],["reference","https://www.facebook.com/permalink.php?id=245844405552615&story_fbid=1734213520049022\n荷蘭阿姆斯特丹國際紀錄片影展(IDFA)"],["hyperlinks",{"__iterable":"List","data":[{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","Security check"],["url","https://www.facebook.com/permalink.php?id=245844405552615&story_fbid=1734213520049022"],["summary","Please enter the code belowWhy am I seeing this?"],["topImageUrl",null],["error",null]]}]}],["createdAt","2020-03-20T17:13:52.701Z"]]}]]}]}],["searchArticles",{"__iterable":"List","data":[]}],["searchReplies",{"__iterable":"List","data":[]}]]}]]},"replyDetail":{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["state",{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["isLoading",false],["isAuthLoading",false],["isReplyLoading",false]]}],["data",{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["reply",null],["originalReplyConnection",null]]}]]},"auth":{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["state",{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["isLoading",false],["isDialogShown",false]]}],["user",null]]}}

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