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Three of them are quietly doing damage.🚫 Peanuts — highest omega-6 of any nut. One handf..."],["topImageUrl",null],["error",null]]}]}],["text","https://m.youtube.com/shorts/MVpFYHmaBjY?ra=m"],["replyRequests",{"__iterable":"List","data":[{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["id","1cn0wocuotbw5__j4S8C_DaWM4zYDaVjB8o2oYwGA9Lu1XrNbM39eFH363wKbzLs__RUMORS_LINE_BOT"],["reason",""],["positiveFeedbackCount",0],["negativeFeedbackCount",0]]}]}],["id","1cn0wocuotbw5"],["createdAt","2026-06-07T01:55:09.354Z"]]}],["replyConnections",{"__iterable":"List","data":[]}],["relatedArticles",{"__iterable":"List","data":[{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["replyCount",1],["references",{"__iterable":"List","data":[{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["type","LINE"]]}]}],["replyRequestCount",2],["user",{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["id","j4S8C_WAuYYj2LVfJbSwWOWex9UXA7W6d3Pwk7voZng0aQP9s"],["name","厚道的中和蜜妮安"],["avatarUrl",null],["level",0]]}],["hyperlinks",{"__iterable":"List","data":[{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","COVID 19 VACCINE WARNING! MARK OF THE BEAST! MANDATED VACCINE+CHIP"],["url","https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IMc74QpJf04"],["summary","https://id2020.org/alliance\n\nhttps://www.nowtheendbegins.com/big-pharma-microsoft-silicon-valley-id2020-alliance-combine-vaccinations-with-implantable-microchip-digital-id-mark-beast-end-times/\n\nVACCINE plus MICROCHIP\nhttps://principia-scientific.org/id2020-alliance-will-combine-vaccinations-implantable-id-microchips/\n\nUS COMPANIES RACE TO TEST CORONA VIRUS VACCINE\nhttps://amp.cnn.com/cnn/2020/02/27/investing/coronavirus-vaccine/index.html\n\nUS VACCINE TRIALS\nhttps://www.cnbc.com/amp/2020/02/25/us-health-officials-say-human-trials-on-coronavirus-vaccine-to-start-in-6-weeks.html"],["topImageUrl",null],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","ID2020 | Alliance & Governance"],["url","https://id2020.org/alliance"],["summary","No government, company or agency can solve this challenge alone. Setting the future course of digital ID and navigating the associated risks is a challenge that requires sustained collaboration and global partnership.\n \n \n \n Why the Alliance\n \n \n \n \n Partners\n \n \n \n \n Governance\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Explore\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n The ID2020 Alliance is unique in its philosophy and transparent governance.\n \n \n ID2020 is building a new global model for the design, funding, and\nimplementation of digital ID solutions and technologies. There is no other multi-stakeholder effort focused on user-managed, privacy-protecting, and portable digital ID.\n \n \n Ad-hoc investments in single use-case projects (“business as usual”) will be insufficient to bring about transformative impact. Changing the flow of funds is necessary to re-align incentives. That’s why Alliance partners are pooling funds to invest in programs that consider digital ID holistically, as a platform for diverse benefits, services, and use cases throughout an individual’s life.\n \n \n Private sector engagement is critical for solving at scale. Alliance partners include companies with a collective footprint in the billions and a shared commitment to an ethical approach to digital ID. Decisions about how Alliance funds are administered, which programs to fund, and which technical standards to support are made jointly by Alliance partners through a transparent governance process, preventing dominance by any single institution or sector.\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Alliance Partners\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n A global management consulting and professional services firm, Accenture joined as a founding partner in June 2017. Accenture representatives participate in ID2020’s Executive Board and Technical Advisory Committee.\n \n \n \n \n Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance brings together public and private sectors with the shared goal of creating equal access to new and underused vaccines for children living in the world’s poorest countries. Dr. Seth Berkley, CEO of Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance, sits on our Executive Board.\n \n \n \n \n Since 1913, the Rockefeller Foundation has sought to improve the well-being of humanity around the world. The Rockefeller Foundation provided ID2020 with seed funding in in 2017 and has been an ongoing supporter of ID2020’s work.\n \n \n \n \n The American multinational technology company joined ID2020 in January 2018 as a founding partner. Members of the Microsoft team sit on ID2020’s Technical and Program Delivery Advisory Committees.\n \n \n \n \n Created by IDEO, the international design and consulting firm, to design products, services, and experiences to improve the lives of people in poor and vulnerable communities, IDEO.org joined ID2020 in 2018. IDEO.org is represented on our Program Delivery and Ecosystem & Advocacy Advisory Committees.\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n The Alliance, a collaborative effort of global partners, is solving for scale from day one \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Closing the identity gap is an enormous challenge. It will take the work of many committed people and organizations coming together across different geographies, sectors and technologies. But it’s exciting to imagine a world where safe and secure digital identities are possible, providing everyone with an essential building block to every right and opportunity they deserve.\n Peggy Johnson\n Executive VP, Business Development, Microsoft Corporation\n \n \n Digital identity has the capacity to enable access to vital, life-saving services in many different development and humanitarian contexts, including by accelerating access to basic health care systems. I am excited to join ID2020's Executive Board, and guide the organization and partners in harnessing innovative technologies and multi-sectoral collaboration to benefit the world's most vulnerable populations.\n Dr. Seth Berkley\n CEO, Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance\n \n \n Accenture has joined the ID2020 Alliance with partners like Microsoft to create an open, human-centric approach to identity. The alliance draws on advances in biometrics and innovative technologies and brings together expertise from business, government and non-government agencies.\n Christine Leong\n Digital Identity Innovations Lead\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Alliance Governance\n As an alliance, the success of this initiative depends on robust collaboration and a clearly defined means for stakeholder engagement.\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Board\n The governing body for the Alliance is the ID2020 Alliance Executive Board. The eleven mmeber board includes five independent Directors, two Directors nominated as representatives of the public sector Founding Partners, two Directors nominated as representatives of the private sector Founding Partners, one Director nominated as a privacy expert, and one Director representing funding organizations.\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Advisory Committees\n The Board is supported by four thematic Advisory Committees, which provide in-depth advice to the ID2020 Board. Membership in these committees is set by the Board, with Founding Partners eligible to nominate representatives to two Advisory Committees.\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Secretariat\n ID2020, a US-registered 501(c)(3) based in New York, NY, is the Secretariat for the Alliance. As such, ID2020 is responsible and accountable for day-to-day operations, including: raising money to fund digital ID projects, coordinating with implementing partners for project implementation, setting and managing technical standards, monitoring and evaluation, legal and financial management and administration of the governance system. Management of these activities is the responsibility of ID2020’s Executive Director."],["topImageUrl",null],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","Big Pharma And Microsoft Are Teaming Up In Something Called The 'ID2020 Alliance' That Will Combine Vaccinations With Implantable Microchips To Create Your Digital ID • Now The End Begins"],["url","https://www.nowtheendbegins.com/big-pharma-microsoft-silicon-valley-id2020-alliance-combine-vaccinations-with-implantable-microchip-digital-id-mark-beast-end-times/"],["summary","For years we’ve been watching as Microsoft founder Bill Gates, now retired from the company he founded, use his billions to give ‘free vaccinations‘ to people in third world countries. Now Bill has become a founding partner in another company, this one is called the ID2020 Alliance, and its goal is to give every human being on Earth a digital id. How do they plan on accomplishing this feat? By combining mandatory vaccinations with implantable microchips. Genius, isn’t it? And coming soon to a theater near you, as the saying goes.“And he causeth all, both small and great, rich and poor, free and bond, to receive a mark in their right hand, or in their foreheads: And that no man might buy or sell, save he that had the mark, or the name of the beast, or the number of his name. Here is wisdom. Let him that hath understanding count the number of the beast: for it is the number of a man; and his number is Six hundred threescore and six.” Revelation 13:16-18 (KJV)So now you know what Bill Gates and his wife Melinda were really doing over the past 10 years, travelling to third word countries and giving ‘free vaccinations’ to the poor, downtrodden natives. Those ‘free vaccinations‘ was research and a live testing lab to conduct the necessary experiments required to form ID2020. And as you will see today, this unholy hybrid of vaccinations and implantable microchips is already happening in Bangladesh, soon it will be Boston. A page on the Gates Foundation website says that Bill and Melinda have so far invested over $2.5 billion dollars to this project, with no end in sight. Can the man who put the world behind a personal computer now put a vaccination microchip digital ID into the global population? Bill Gates is absolutely positive he can, and indeed is well on his way to achieving that goal.“Let no man deceive you by any means: for that day shall not come, except there come a falling away first, and that man of sin be revealed, the son of perdition; Who opposeth and exalteth himself above all that is called God, or that is worshipped; so that he as God sitteth in the temple of God, shewing himself that he is God.” 2 Thessalonians 2:3,4 (KJV)We have been warning you about this for the past 10 years, and now it is happening. Are you ready for what comes next? I hope you are. Keep looking for that Blessed Hope, and thank God it comes before the time of Jacob’s trouble. If only my friend, Carl Sanders, the man who first revealed the inner-workings of the team that created the RFID microchip, had lived long enough to see this day.Vaccines now being used to harvest biometric identities of everyone; Big Brother merges with Big PharmaFROM NATURAL NEWS: The ID2020 Alliance, as it’s being called, is a digital identity program that aims to “leverage immunization” as a means of inserting tiny microchips into people’s bodies. In collaboration with the Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunizations, also known as GAVI, the government of Bangladesh and various other “partners in government, academia, and humanitarian relief,” the ID2020 Alliance hopes to usher in this mark of the beast as a way to keep tabs on every human being living on Earth.Similar to how cattle are marked with ear tags, this globalist alliance wants all humans to be “vaccinated” with digital tracking chips that will create a seamless monitoring system for the New World Order to manage the populations of the world with ease.“We are implementing a forward-looking approach to digital identity that gives individuals control over their own personal information, while still building off existing systems and programs,” says Anir Chowdhury, a policy advisor at a2i, the Bangladesh government’s “Access to Information Program.”“The government of Bangladesh recognizes that the design of digital identity systems carries far-reaching implications for individuals’ access to services and livelihoods, and we are eager to pioneer this approach,” he adds.Look at what is on the wall at this high-level meeting of ID2020 employees. Anyone care to guess what you’re looking at? 🤔While the ID2020 program’s testing grounds are primarily in the Third World, the group says it’s also now working with governments here in the United States to start microchipping people through vaccination.In Austin, Texas, for example, the homeless population is now being exploited as a collective guinea pig for ID2020’s microchip vaccination program, which the group claims will help to “empower” homeless people by supposedly giving them “control” over their personal identity data.“The City of Austin, ID2020, and several other partners are working together with homeless people and the service providers who engage with them to develop a blockchain-enabled digital identity platform called MyPass to empower homeless people with their own identity data,” writes Chris Burt for BiometricUpdate.com.MEET THE END TIMES PLAYERS BEHIND ID2020 ALLIANCE, ALL THE USUAL SUSPECTS AND A FEW NEW ONESID2020 is also jabbing refugees with its microchip vaccinations through two inaugural pilot programs known as iRespond and Everest. According to reports, iRespond has “improved continuity of care” for more than 3,000 refugees receiving drug treatments for chronic illness. Everest, on the other hand, has “assisted with the provision of access to critical energy subsidies and a range of additional services with secure and user-centric digital identities without relying on a smartphone,” Burt writes.All of this is priming the public for an eventual mandate of microchip vaccinations, which will be required for every individual in order to buy and sell goods. Chowdhury openly admitted this in stating that digital identity systems will be necessary for “individuals’ access to services and livelihoods.”In other words, the Bible is right: A global identification system is in the works that will eventually be required for people to function in society, and ultimately survive. Without these microchips in their bodies, people won’t be able to work, let alone eat, and it’s all happening right before our very eyes.Keep in mind that ID2020 is a part of the so-called “REAL ID,” which will soon be required for those who wish to travel. REAL ID will also be used as a backdoor method of implementing mandatory vaccination policies for adults. READ MOREOur Manifesto | ID2020We believe the ability to prove one’s identity is a fundamental and universal human right. ID2020 Alliance partners jointly define functional requirements, influencing the course of technical innovation and providing a route to technical interoperability, and therefore trust and recognition. ID2020 Summit 2018: Part 1The ID2020 Alliance is a public-private partnership committed to improving lives through user-centric, portable, privacy-protecting digital identity. This year’s Summit, convened by ID2020 Alliance, brought together leaders and innovators in the field to discuss the technical and non-technical requirements to yield a collective roadmap that moves us towards broad adoption of “good” digital identity for all. Carl Sanders Helped Design The first Implantable MicrochipCarl Sanders was an engineer on the world’s first implantable microchip, and in the process of working on this incredible end times device, Carl got saved and spent the rest of his life warning people about what was coming. What you will hear in this video clip is taken from a cassette tape that was sent around churches back in the 1990’s, I had one of those copies. When the Lord had me start NTEB, Bro. Carl and I became friends and he was a guest on our program many times. This is the audio from that cassette tape. I had the privilege of interviewing Bro. Carl back in 2013, and you can listen to that interview here.Now The End Begins is your front line defense against the rising tide of darkness in the last days before the Rapture of the ChurchHOW TO DONATE:Click here to view our GoFundMe pageWhen you contribute to this fundraising effort, you are helping us to do what the Lord called us to do. The money you send in goes primarily to the overall daily operations of this site. When people ask for Bibles, we send them out at no charge. When people write in and say how much they would like gospel tracts but cannot afford them, we send them a box at no cost to them for either the tracts or the shipping, no matter where they are in the world. Even all the way to South Africa. We even restarted our weekly radio Bible study on Sunday nights again, thanks to your generous donations. All this is possible because YOU pray for us, YOU support us, and YOU give so we can continue growing.CLICK IMAGE TO ORDER YOUR BOX OF NTEB GOSPEL TRACTSBut whatever you do, don’t do nothing. Time is short and we need your help right now. If every one of the 13,131 people on our daily mailing list gave $4.50, we would reach our goal immediately. If every one of our 151,781 followers on Facebook gave $1.00 each, we would reach 300% of our goal. The same goes for our 14,500 followers on Twitter. But sadly, many will not give, so we need the ones who can and who will give to be generous. As generous as possible.“Looking for that blessed hope, and the glorious appearing of the great God and our Saviour Jesus Christ;” Titus 2:13 (KJV)“Thank you very much!” – Geoffrey, editor-in-chief, NTEBHOW TO DONATE: Click here to view our GoFundMe page"],["topImageUrl",null],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","'ID2020 Alliance' Will Combine Vaccinations & Implantable ID Microchips | PSI Intl"],["url","https://principia-scientific.org/id2020-alliance-will-combine-vaccinations-implantable-id-microchips/"],["summary","Big Pharma is officially partnering with the tech industry to pair “immunization” with digital biometrics, meaning humans will soon be microchipped, tracked, and ultimately controlled through a global identification matrix.For years we’ve been watching as Microsoft founder Bill Gates, now retired from the company he founded, use his billions to give ‘free vaccinations‘ to people in third world countries. Now Bill has become a founding partner in another company, this one is called the ID2020 Alliance, and its goal is to give every human being on Earth a digital id. How do they plan on accomplishing this feat? By combining mandatory vaccinations with implantable microchips. Genius, isn’t it? And coming soon to a theater near you, as the saying goes.So now you know what Bill Gates and his wife Melinda were really doing over the past 10 years, travelling to third word countries and giving ‘free vaccinations’ to the poor, downtrodden natives. Those ‘free vaccinations‘ was research and a live testing lab to conduct the necessary experiments required to form ID2020.And as you will see today, this unholy hybrid of vaccinations and implantable microchips is already happening in Bangladesh, soon it will be Boston. A page on the Gates Foundation website says that Bill and Melinda have so far invested over $2.5 billion dollars to this project, with no end in sight.Can the man who put the world behind a personal computer now put a vaccination microchip digital ID into the global population? Bill Gates is absolutely positive he can, and indeed is well on his way to achieving that goal.“Let no man deceive you by any means: for that day shall not come, except there come a falling away first, and that man of sin be revealed, the son of perdition; Who opposeth and exalteth himself above all that is called God, or that is worshipped; so that he as God sitteth in the temple of God, shewing himself that he is God.” 2 Thessalonians 2:3,4 (KJV)We have been warning you about this for the past 10 years, and now it is happening. Are you ready for what comes next? I hope you are. Keep looking for that Blessed Hope, and thank God it comes before the time of Jacob’s trouble. If only my friend, Carl Sanders, the man who first revealed the inner-workings of the team that created the RFID microchip, had lived long enough to see this day.Vaccines now being used to harvest biometric identities of everyone; Big Brother merges with Big PharmaFROM NATURAL NEWS: The ID2020 Alliance, as it’s being called, is a digital identity program that aims to “leverage immunization” as a means of inserting tiny microchips into people’s bodies. In collaboration with the Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunizations, also known as GAVI, the government of Bangladesh and various other “partners in government, academia, and humanitarian relief,” the ID2020 Alliance hopes to usher in this mark of the beast as a way to keep tabs on every human being living on Earth.Similar to how cattle are marked with ear tags, this globalist alliance wants all humans to be “vaccinated” with digital tracking chips that will create a seamless monitoring system for the New World Order to manage the populations of the world with ease.“WE ARE IMPLEMENTING A FORWARD-LOOKING APPROACH TO DIGITAL IDENTITY THAT GIVES INDIVIDUALS CONTROL OVER THEIR OWN PERSONAL INFORMATION, WHILE STILL BUILDING OFF EXISTING SYSTEMS AND PROGRAMS,” SAYS ANIR CHOWDHURY, A POLICY ADVISOR AT A2I, THE BANGLADESH GOVERNMENT’S “ACCESS TO INFORMATION PROGRAM.”“The government of Bangladesh recognizes that the design of digital identity systems carries far-reaching implications for individuals’ access to services and livelihoods, and we are eager to pioneer this approach,” he adds.Look at what is on the wall at this high-level meeting of ID2020 employees. Anyone care to guess what you’re looking at? While the ID2020 program’s testing grounds are primarily in the Third World, the group says it’s also now working with governments here in the United States to start microchipping people through vaccination.IN AUSTIN, TEXAS, FOR EXAMPLE, THE HOMELESS POPULATION IS NOW BEING EXPLOITED AS A COLLECTIVE GUINEA PIG FOR ID2020’S MICROCHIP VACCINATION PROGRAM, WHICH THE GROUP CLAIMS WILL HELP TO “EMPOWER” HOMELESS PEOPLE BY SUPPOSEDLY GIVING THEM “CONTROL” OVER THEIR PERSONAL IDENTITY DATA.“The City of Austin, ID2020, and several other partners are working together with homeless people and the service providers who engage with them to develop a blockchain-enabled digital identity platform called MyPass to empower homeless people with their own identity data,” writes Chris Burt for BiometricUpdate.com.MEET THE END TIMES PLAYERS BEHIND ID2020 ALLIANCE, ALL THE USUAL SUSPECTS AND A FEW NEW ONESID2020 is also jabbing refugees with its microchip vaccinations through two inaugural pilot programs known as iRespond and Everest. According to reports, iRespond has “improved continuity of care” for more than 3,000 refugees receiving drug treatments for chronic illness. Everest, on the other hand, has “assisted with the provision of access to critical energy subsidies and a range of additional services with secure and user-centric digital identities without relying on a smartphone,” Burt writes.All of this is priming the public for an eventual mandate of microchip vaccinations, which will be required for every individual in order to buy and sell goods. Chowdhury openly admitted this in stating that digital identity systems will be necessary for “individuals’ access to services and livelihoods.”In other words, the Bible is right: A global identification system is in the works that will eventually be required for people to function in society, and ultimately survive. Without these microchips in their bodies, people won’t be able to work, let alone eat, and it’s all happening right before our very eyes.Keep in mind that ID2020 is a part of the so-called “REAL ID,” which will soon be required for those who wish to travel. REAL ID will also be used as a backdoor method of implementing mandatory vaccination policies for adults. READ MOREOur Manifesto | ID2020We believe the ability to prove one’s identity is a fundamental and universal human right. ID2020 Alliance partners jointly define functional requirements, influencing the course of technical innovation and providing a route to technical interoperability, and therefore trust and recognition.ID2020 Summit 2018: Part 1The ID2020 Alliance is a public-private partnership committed to improving lives through user-centric, portable, privacy-protecting digital identity. This year’s Summit, convened by ID2020 Alliance, brought together leaders and innovators in the field to discuss the technical and non-technical requirements to yield a collective roadmap that moves us towards broad adoption of “good” digital identity for all.Carl Sanders Helped Design The first Implantable MicrochipCarl Sanders was an engineer on the world’s first implantable microchip, and in the process of working on this incredible end times device, Carl got saved and spent the rest of his life warning people about what was coming. What you will hear in this video clip is taken from a cassette tape that was sent around churches back in the 1990’s, I had one of those copies. When the Lord had me start NTEB, Bro. Carl and I became friends and he was a guest on our program many times. This is the audio from that cassette tape. I had the privilege of interviewing Bro. Carl back in 2013, and you can listen to that interview here.****PRINCIPIA SCIENTIFIC INTERNATIONAL, legally registered in the UK as a company incorporated for charitable purposes. Head Office: 27 Old Gloucester Street, London WC1N 3AX. Please DONATE TODAY To Help Our Non-Profit Mission To Defend The Scientific Method."],["topImageUrl",null],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","Drug companies race to test coronavirus vaccines"],["url","https://www.cnn.com/2020/02/27/investing/coronavirus-vaccine/index.html"],["summary","New York (CNN Business)Gilead Sciences stock was up slightly on Thursday, even as the Dow plunged into correction status. The reason? The biotech company is moving closer to finding a potential treatment for the deadly coronavirus. It plans to start administering its remdesivir drug to patients next month. Shares of Gilead Sciences (GILD) have risen more than 10% in the past five days as the race to find an effective treatment for the outbreak continues. It's not alone. The stocks of two smaller biotechs working on coronavirus vaccines -- Moderna (MRNA) and Novavax (NVAX) -- have both soared in the past few days on hopes that their treatments may show some success as well.Gilead said in a statement late Wednesday that it will be administering its remdesivir drug to \"approximately 1,000 patients at medical centers primarily across Asian countries, as well as other countries globally with high numbers of diagnosed cases, beginning in March.\"The World Health Organization has said that remdesivir may have the best chance of effectively treating the Wuhan coronavirus.Gilead said in its statement that it will conduct two randomized studies to evaluate the effectiveness of different dosing durations of remdesivir.One will be for about 400 patients with severe clinical manifestations of coronavirus. The other will be for about 600 patients with more moderate symptoms. Patients in both groups will receive the drug for either five or 10 days."],["topImageUrl",null],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","US health officials say human trials on coronavirus vaccine to start in 6 weeks"],["url","https://www.cnbc.com/amp/2020/02/25/us-health-officials-say-human-trials-on-coronavirus-vaccine-to-start-in-6-weeks.html"],["summary","Human trials testing a potential vaccine for the COVID-19 coronavirus are expected to begin in six weeks, U.S. health officials announced Tuesday.\"We are on time at least and maybe even a little bit better,\" Dr. Anthony Fauci, director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, told reporters.Passengers arrive at LAX from Shanghai, China, after a positive case of the coronavirus was announced in the Orange County suburb of Los Angeles, California, January 26, 2020.Ringo Chiu | ReutersHuman trials testing a potential vaccine for the COVID-19 coronavirus are expected to begin in six weeks, U.S. health officials announced Tuesday.\"We are on time at least and maybe even a little bit better,\" Dr. Anthony Fauci, director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, an agency within the Department of Health and Human Services, told reporters at a press conference. \"Hopefully, no further glitches.\"The White House reportedly asked Congress on Monday for $1.25 billion in additional funding to bolster its coronavirus response, including money to develop a vaccine and therapeutics to treat the virus. The National Institutes of Health has been working with biotech company Moderna to develop a vaccine using the current strain of the coronavirus.Hopes to get a vaccine to market are high, but doctors want expectations to be low for how quickly it can happen. Developing, testing and reviewing any potential vaccine is a long, complex and expensive endeavor that could take months or even years, global health experts say. Before researchers can begin human trials, they must have a firm understanding of the pathogen, run safety tests and find enough human volunteers.U.S. health officials are fast-tracking work on a coronavirus vaccine.Fauci said Tuesday that the potential vaccine has so far been put into mice and is \"immunogenic,\" or triggers a response in the immune system, suggesting it could fight the virus.\"The gene has been expressed in the platform, in this case, a messenger RNA. The material has been produced, it's been put into mice. It's immunogenic,\" he said. \"It's now getting ready to go through the regulatory issues of getting it to go.\"Fauci said a vaccine may not solve \"problems in the next couple of months but it certainly would be an important tool that we would have.\" He said it's possible the virus will prove to be seasonal, thus likely to subside in the warmer months like the flu.There are currently no proven therapies for the latest outbreak, which has killed at least 2,704 and sickened more than 80,200 people worldwide since emerging from the Chinese city of Wuhan about two months ago.Local authorities in China have using Gilead Sciences' antiviral drug Remdesivir, which was tested as a possible treatment during the Ebola outbreak, U.S. health officials said last month. Some authorities are also using antiviral drug Kaletra, developed by drugmaker AbbVie, on a \"compassionate basis.\"Earlier in the day, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention outlined what schools and businesses will likely need to do if the COVID-19 virus becomes an epidemic outbreak in the U.S.\"We are asking the American public to work with us to prepare for the expectation that this could be bad,\" Dr. Nancy Messonnier, director of the CDC's National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, told reporters on a conference call.The CDC late Monday confirmed 53 cases in the U.S., a majority of which came from passengers repatriated from the Diamond Princess cruise ship that was quarantined off the coast of Japan. The data shows that 36 of the cases are attributed to the cruise ship, three patients were infected in Wuhan and later evacuated to the U.S., and the rest were largely infected while traveling overseas.Just two cases were contracted through person-to-person contact in the U.S., the CDC said.Later Tuesday, U.S. health officials said the outbreak will likely become a global pandemic. They also confirmed four new cases from the cruise ship.\"Current global circumstances suggest it's likely this virus will cause a pandemic,\" Anne Schuchat, principal deputy director of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention told reporters at a news briefing.\"It's not so much a question of if this will happen any more, but rather more a question of when this will happen and how many people in this country will become infected and how many of those will develop severe or more complicated disease,\" she added.CNBC's Noah Higgins-Dunn contributed to this report."],["topImageUrl",null],["error",null]]}]}],["text","轉～值得參考儆醒防範\n——-\nCOVID 19 VACCINE WARNING! MARK OF THE BEAST! MANDATED VACCINE+CHIP\n疫苗警告！兽印！强制性疫苗+芯片\nhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IMc74QpJf04\nWatchwoman 2020年2月27日\n今天是2020年2月27日。一礼拜之前主赐给我一个很长的梦。我今天在这个视频中，只将重要的一部分发布出来。通过这个梦，我要警告大家，务必抵挡政府要你注射的疫苗，因为那里面结合着一个植入芯片，而且这个疫苗将会在你的手上注射！这个芯片就是那“兽印”！\n还有，我们看到有一种防流感的疫苗，也要出来，那是一种严重的流感病毒。\n在梦里，有一个邪恶的女人，我已经是个成年人，能够允许她去对我做她要做的事情。她站在我前面，手里拿着一只注射针头，注射管是紫色薰衣草的颜色，里面有液体。她看着我说：“这是为了医治你的焦虑症。”我刚一同意，她立即就给我注射了。然后我感觉自己失去了知觉，无法控制我的身体了。当时我好像半睡半醒的状态，我向下看我的手，上面有两只创可贴，而不是一只创可贴。她说只给我注射一针，为何有两只创可贴呢？\n那个梦还在继续，我看到的下一件事就是，我的名字从生命册上被耶稣的眼泪涂抹了。祂的眼泪流到我的名字上，无论我多么努力，我再也无法将我的名字写回去了。\n当我醒来以后，就赶紧把这个梦的内容，详细记录下来。我明白了，这是神在提醒我，即将有一种疫苗，与兽印结合在一起，注射进入我们的人体里，而且还要给全世界的人注射。我认为，他们会知道他们自己正在接受一个芯片在手上，但是, 却以某种方式与疫苗相捆绑。有可能是在同一次注射当中植入的，也可能说是为了预防冠状病毒，或者说是预防即将到来的其它的坏病毒。你必须同意和允许他们在你手上植入这个兽印芯片。\n当我进行研究的时候，我发现了一些信息。我将链接放在本视频的下方的“Description Box”里面。\n有一种东西，叫做“ID 2020”。那是有世界上最富有的人们所计划运行的，包括比尔·盖茨基金会，以及其他世界上最有的钱人。他们企图要让人们接受一种联合疫苗和追踪芯片，称之为“ID 2020”。他们正在世界上的贫穷地区，开始试验这个东西。\n就在2月25日，两天前，CDC宣布，他们要开始在美国进行疫苗注射试验，在那些已经患上冠状病毒的人们身上进行。他们表示很高兴地宣布，他们已经有一种疫苗了，他们认为这看起来很好，但我觉得这很奇怪，怎么会这么快，似乎已经早有预备呢？好像他们早就准备要给人们注射这种疫苗了？\n如果你感染了冠状病毒，也不要参加任何一种像这样的试验，因为我很清楚，这种疫苗，是以某种方式，与兽印芯片相结合。他们企图植入你的右手上面，或是你的额头上面。\n我这是一个严重的警告，接受了他们的兽印的人，再也无法进入天国了！因为在圣经《启示录》13:16中说过：“牠又叫众人，无论大小贫富、自主的、为奴的，都在右手里，或是在额里，受一个印记。”14:9“若有人敬拜兽和兽像，在额里，或手里，受了牠的印记（接受了兽印），这人必喝神大怒的酒；此酒斟在神忿怒的杯中纯一不杂。他要在圣天使和羔羊面前，在火与硫磺之中受痛苦。他们受痛苦的烟往上冒，直到永永远远。有谁敬拜兽和兽像，受牠名之印记的，昼夜不得安宁。”\n耶稣很快就要回来了。我向那些没有跟随神的人们发出警告。你们很可能要面对这件事情。那些已经感染了冠状病毒的人们，生病的人们，考虑要接受疫苗试验的人们，要坚定持守你对耶稣基督的信仰，相信圣经，拒绝疫苗和兽印。这是从耶稣而来的强烈警告！而且我已经得到了多个印证，我非常清楚，他们要对我们做什么！\n请将此警告，尽可能多地传播出去！愿神祝福你！\n——-\n在此影片下方有說明\n內容如下：\n（可自行用網路翻譯下文）\n\nID2020\nhttps://id2020.org/alliance\n\nhttps://www.nowtheendbegins.com/big-pharma-microsoft-silicon-valley-id2020-alliance-combine-vaccinations-with-implantable-microchip-digital-id-mark-beast-end-times/\n\nVACCINE plus MICROCHIP\nhttps://principia-scientific.org/id2020-alliance-will-combine-vaccinations-implantable-id-microchips/\n\nUS COMPANIES RACE TO TEST CORONA VIRUS VACCINE\nhttps://www.cnn.com/2020/02/27/investing/coronavirus-vaccine/index.html\n\nUS VACCINE TRIALS\nhttps://www.cnbc.com/amp/2020/02/25/us-health-officials-say-human-trials-on-coronavirus-vaccine-to-start-in-6-weeks.html\n"],["id","2ova5eb307l8a"],["createdAt","2020-02-29T17:32:42.298Z"]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["replyCount",1],["references",{"__iterable":"List","data":[{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["type","LINE"]]}]}],["replyRequestCount",2],["user",null],["hyperlinks",{"__iterable":"List","data":[{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","Edward M. Mautner Oral History"],["url","http://www.jsc.nasa.gov/history/oral_histories/NASA_HQ/Experts/MautnerEM/MautnerEM_3-22-12.htm"],["summary","NASA Johnson Space Center \n Oral History Project\n Edited Oral History Transcript\n Edward \n M. Mautner\n Interviewed by Jennifer Ross-Nazzal\n Chantilly, Virginia – 22 March 2012\n Ross-Nazzal: \n Today is March 22, 2012. This interview with Ed Mautner is being conducted \n at the [Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum] Steven Udvar-Hazy \n Center in Chantilly, Virginia, for the JSC Oral History Project. Interviewer \n is Jennifer Ross-Nazzal, assisted by Rebecca Wright. Thanks again \n for taking time out of your schedule.\n Mautner: \n You’re welcome, it’s my pleasure to do it.\n Ross-Nazzal: \n If you would, tell us about the state of [OV (orbiter vehicle)-101] \n Enterprise in 2003 before she was restored.\n Mautner: \n My familiarity with Enterprise was quite limited before I began work \n on it. When we received it, it had been stored both outdoors and in \n a non-climate-controlled hangar since the mid-80s, and a lot of deterioration \n of the surface coatings—the paint, the markings—had taken \n place. Woodpeckers had gotten up onto the vertical stabilizer and \n pecked a lot of holes into the polyurethane foam that they used as \n a mockup for tiles. I don’t recall the number of holes, but \n there were quite a few of them. \n And then just about every form of creature had made the Enterprise \n their habitat and playground. Birds had gotten into it; bugs had gotten \n into it. Hornets or wasps had made their little mud nests in the landing \n gear wells. They made it out of this beautiful red Virginia clay dirt \n that surrounds the area. In fact, when we started to clean them it \n almost seemed as if the aircraft was bleeding, the soil they made \n those nests out of was so red.\n It had basically suffered a lot of inattention. It hadn’t been \n cleaned or worked on to any great degree. I believe it was outside \n for about two years prior to them building the hangar for it, and \n it had been rained on. There were many ports of entries for water, \n and so water had pooled inside the bottom of the fuselage and it had \n left a lot of staining from dirt, waterlines, etc. and also had caused \n some minor pitting and corrosion. Nothing that would weaken the structure \n of the aircraft but certainly had caused some deterioration.\n Ross-Nazzal: \n Tell us about that move, when you decided to move her from that hangar \n into this facility.\n Mautner: \n Until I walked in March 1st of 2004, I had never touched Enterprise \n and I had really nothing to do with it. I recall being in the hangar \n the day they moved it in, and just about all the employees who were \n out here took a break to watch them tug it down the tow way from the \n airport and into the building.\n What was noteworthy at the time was that they had cut a notch in the \n back wall of the space hangar in order to permit the vertical [stabilizer] \n to come through. It was the only way to get Enterprise into that building \n without taking the vertical off, which would have been a prohibitively \n difficult task. I came back the next day and the blanking plate had \n been restored as if the building had never changed at all, so that \n was pretty neat. It was a well-prepared move.\n That took place in the early fall of 2003, and while I was aware that \n it was in the building, it was sometime after January 2004 that I \n was notified that I would be working on it in preparation for the \n opening of the space hall [James S. McDonnell Space Hangar].\n Ross-Nazzal: \n What was your expertise prior to working on Enterprise? Were you working \n on aircraft restoration?\n Mautner: \n My background is—the British would describe it as checkered. \n I did a whole lot of things before I got directly involved in airplanes. \n I started out as a kid building model airplanes, and I never gave \n that up. I always built model airplanes, and I continue to do so. \n And I was always a museum rat, an airplane museum rat. Whenever we \n traveled, wherever we went, there was always a stop at an airplane \n museum somewhere.\n Somewhere around the late 80s, my wife and I had moved our children \n to southern California, and I began to volunteer in some aircraft \n museums out there. Planes of Fame in [Air Museum] Chino, and later \n at the Command Museum at U.S. Marine Corps Air Station El Toro, which \n was right in the town I lived in so it was convenient to work there. \n I started doing structures work.\n In January of 1989 I left a former career and made a great midlife \n career change whereby I wanted to work in an aircraft museum. I had \n enjoyed volunteering on Saturdays so much, I went to Cal [California] \n State University, San Bernardino, for a Museum Studies certificate \n program. My background was in auto mechanics, and I needed to create \n a resume to get into working on aircraft, especially in museums. I \n enjoyed it immensely but had a problem with the hours of class.\n By great good fortune, McDonnell Douglas [Corporation] was hiring \n mechanics in the summer of 1989. Actually they’d been hiring \n prior to that, but that’s when I found out. I went and I applied, \n and they hired me immediately because of my automotive experience. \n I became a structures mechanic on the C-17 [aircraft] program in Long \n Beach, California. That was my first real hands-on experience with \n real aircraft manufacturing.\n I worked at McDonnell Douglas from August of 1989 until June of 1994, \n when there were massive layoffs. They were losing their contracts \n for MD-80s [airliners], and the MD-11 [airliner] never took off. The \n C-17 was in a state of flux because Congress and the Air Force were \n at loggerheads, so I and tens of thousands of others were laid off \n during that year.\n Meanwhile I had gone from my certificate program at Cal State, San \n Bernardino, to a Master’s program at Cal State, Dominguez Hills \n in Historic Preservation. Because John [F.] McDonnell of the McDonnell \n Douglas Corporation was interested in an educated workforce, they \n paid for almost all of my Master’s program, everything but my \n research courses and my thesis. \n I had early on decided that my thesis was going to be in aircraft \n preservation at the National Air and Space Museum. I thought that \n they were the best. They were the ones that were writing about aircraft \n preservation, and I really wanted to write about how they did it, \n because that seemed to be the benchmark.\n In June of 1994 I was laid off, and I immediately contacted the museum \n to do an internship back here so that I could do further research \n for my thesis. In August and September of ’94 I did a 60-day \n volunteer internship. I was outside of their regular program, so there \n was no stipend; I just came in and volunteered. I worked in the restoration \n shop during the day until about 3:30 [p.m.]. I’d then go across \n the river, downtown to the main museum and I would work in the archives.\n The people in the archives—I don’t know why, I was a total \n stranger to them—they let me stay after hours. In fact, at five \n o’clock when they left, they issued me instructions on what \n lights to turn off and how to shut down the computers. I would stay \n there till 8:30 so I’d get all my research. I had one other \n paper and I had my thesis to do, so I spent almost every weekday night \n at the museum doing that.\n They said, “Stay in touch; we’re going to be hiring.” \n The hiring was going to ramp up for this facility, this new Udvar-Hazy \n Center, so I stayed in touch. Every month I contacted somebody associated \n with the restoration facility, and finally in 1997 they said, “Something’s \n going to happen. Get back here; be nearby.” So I stayed with \n relatives and I hung out and I volunteered, and finally in February \n of 1998 they hired me. They did it because I had the academic background, \n but I also had, from McDonnell Douglas and my volunteer efforts, the \n mechanical background as well. I was very fortunate that the timing \n worked out. \n My background is chiefly in aircraft structures, which would be the \n main metal pieces that form the basis of the aircraft upon which everything \n else is hung. After I get through with my work, then the hydraulics \n people and the fuel people and the electrical people and the power \n plant people take over.\n Ross-Nazzal: \n What sort of planes have you worked on since you began working here?\n Mautner: \n The first one that I started working on was a Japanese single-engine \n floatplane bomber, [the Aichi M6A1 Seiran]. It looks more like a fighter \n with floats, but it was in fact a strategic bomber that the Japanese \n designed to fold up into an 11-foot diameter circle and fit into the \n tube on a submarine. This submarine was an aircraft carrier, literally, \n and it carried three of these. Very significant aircraft, because \n it was designed to bomb the Panama Canal locks. \n The submarine was probably more technologically advanced than the \n aircraft. It was designed to go 27,000 miles without refueling, and \n they actually did have plans to use these small bombers to bomb New \n York [City, New York] and possibly even Boston [Massachusetts]. It \n was a metal airplane, and my sheet metal experience came to good use \n there. \n After that, they put me on a World War I bomber, a twin-engine fabric-and-wood \n bomber. That airplane was a Caudron G.4, a French bomber that the \n United States tested but never purchased. Because we had no combat \n aircraft in World War I, we had to go to the French and the British \n and the Italians. That was an excellent experience because that broadened \n out my sheet metal and structures experience to wood and fabric. That \n airplane is also currently on display here.\n The next aircraft is one I’m still working on. We have a limited \n number of people here, so we get shifted off of whatever project we’re \n on to take care of other things in the museum, such as creating a \n display or working on the Enterprise for nine months in 2004. From \n about 2000 until this year, I’m still working on a World War \n II German night fighter, the Heinkel 219, a huge metal twin-engine \n aircraft, where again my airframe and sheet metal experience has come \n into use.\n Ross-Nazzal: \n Tell us what lessons you learned from working on those aircraft that \n you applied to the Enterprise.\n Mautner: \n In my case, precious few. It was a great departure from what we call \n restoration, where you actually have to fabricate or replicate or \n repair structural pieces of an aircraft. This was largely a massive \n clean-up and painting effort, so it falls under the role of preservation. \n That’s really our role here, preservation. Everybody talks about \n restoration, but restoration is the court of last resort when everything \n has pretty much gone to pot and needs to be drastically repaired or \n replaced.\n What we did on Enterprise fell under the heading of preservation, \n but we called it a refurbishment because we didn’t do anything \n to repair it. It was still considered to be NASA’s aircraft, \n and it came to us in such good structural condition that there really \n was nothing to repair on it except for the paint work.\n Ross-Nazzal: \n Would you tell us about working with NASA and USA [United Space Alliance] \n on this project? I understand they were involved.\n Mautner: \n Yes, they were. When we first began on March 1, 2004, we were pretty \n much on our own. There were just three of us: myself, Anne [C.] McCombs, \n and Steve Kautner. We walked into this big empty hangar. The only \n thing that was in it at the time was Enterprise, and it didn’t \n even have a barrier around it because the public wasn’t allowed \n in that building yet. We just kind of stood there and wondered, “Where \n the heck are we going to start on this thing?” \n We had no high-lift equipment—all we had access to were ladders—so \n we decided to start working on the landing gear. We had no contact \n with NASA outside of certain parameters that they gave us in cleaning \n and painting it, that we were given by the curator, Valerie Neal. \n Without anything else but ourselves, we began the cleaning process \n at the lowest part of the Space Shuttle, areas that were accessible \n initially to us.\n Our experience with NASA and USA came a little bit later, and [their] \n big project was the removal of all of the cockpit windscreens, the \n front ones. I believe that there were three panels in them, and there \n were some engineering discussions as to whether they could get away \n with just two panels. The challenge for us was to provide them with \n the platforms to get up there and work off of. \n Anne and I were involved, and at that point we had a lot of mechanics \n from United Airlines [Inc.] come in to assist us. Their bosses permitted \n them to give us some high-lift platforms that were attached to trucks. \n We could maneuver a truck in and then raise a platform and extend \n it out over the nose of Enterprise in order for the USA guys to remove \n those windshields. The other problem was these windscreens were very, \n very heavy. They required quite a bit of effort to crane off of the \n Shuttle.\n At that point, I began to get to meet some of the guys, most specifically \n from USA. One of them was a fellow named Tom [Thomas W.] Roberts, \n and Tom’s my friend now. He was back here for the last visit. \n There were several other mechanics that came up from KSC [NASA Kennedy \n Space Center, Florida] who I would count as really good acquaintances, \n friends, who we worked with. Got to meet Kevin [C.] Templin. He was \n always there, very personable fellow, and always a go-to guy for information \n and leadership. \n Whenever they came back, we dropped what we were doing and became \n assistants to them, to the point where in this last visit we were \n almost considered more one of their group than as a separate entity, \n which was kind of neat. The things I saw from everybody in NASA and \n USA was enthusiasm, expertise, positive attitude, and great great \n teamwork. The first thing we noticed is how well they worked as a \n team. \n Many times we didn’t know that these guys had never worked together \n before, and yet it was a seamless effort. You got to talking to them, \n you got to know them, and you realized, this guy never worked on the \n back end of the aircraft. He always worked on the front and didn’t \n even know the guys that they were working with. That was inspiring \n to us to see that kind of effort that they used to put in.\n Some of my recollection of my efforts with NASA and USA get a little \n bit confused, because some of their efforts were during that nine-month \n period when we worked on preparing Enterprise for the opening of the \n space hangar, but several of them came later. They would ask Anne \n or myself or others from the previous team to come back and assist \n them. I believe that the windshield effort was made during that nine \n months we were there, but our other efforts with them came later, \n so they’d be outside the parameters of my work on the Enterprise.\n Ross-Nazzal: \n I also read that you had to replace the OMS [orbital maneuvering system] \n pods because they had rotted.\n Mautner: \n Yes, we did. One of the first things we did was to remove those. Tony \n [Anthony W.] Carp was the team lead for the lifting of the OMS pods. \n They were a large aluminum plate that mated up to the surface of the \n Shuttle, but everything above that aluminum plate was basically wood. \n Plywood flooring, then 2 x 4 and 4 x 4 framework, and then they put \n a fiberglass cover over the top of that.\n We discovered how weak the structure was when we started to tighten \n up the fittings for the lifting rings. We’d gotten a guy inside \n to tighten the nuts up inside because they seemed loose, and he kept \n tightening and tightening and tightening. We suddenly realized that \n wood was so soft from moisture that he was just tightening the nut \n and the washer right into the wood. We had to be very, very careful \n lifting those OMS pods off.\n The OMS pods were never planned to be on the Shuttle when the space \n hall opened. That was something that we were going to install later, \n so our job now was to focus just on the Shuttle, and guys back in \n the shop worked on the OMS pods.\n Ross-Nazzal: \n Are they on there now, have they been replaced?\n Mautner: \n They were put on I think in 2005, 2006 time range, and before the \n last visit to get Enterprise ready we removed them. They’re \n out in the shop, on the floor. The guys from USA put the ALTA [Approach \n and Landing Test Article] pods on. Those are the travel pods. They \n look like OMS pods, but they’re real metal. They’re real \n structural, flightworthy, and the tail cone fits up to those components.\n Ross-Nazzal: \n Tell us about cleaning and painting the vehicle. That sounded like \n a very large chore.\n Mautner: \n Yes, it really was. I started on March 1st to clean the right main \n landing gear bay and ultimately the landing gear and tires. Steve \n Kautner took the left bay and did the same, and Anne McCombs worked \n on the nose gear and the nose gear bay. It wasn’t until March \n 22nd that Tony [Carp] came on the team, and his job was to clean the \n entire vertical surface with the ultimate purpose of coring or filling \n the holes that the woodpeckers had made.\n Somebody might at this point ask, why would woodpeckers go after polyurethane \n foam? The explanation we got—I’m not an ornithologist—is \n that woodpeckers make the noise they do as a mating call, not just \n to get to bugs inside of the tree. Once they got through that polyurethane \n foam, they were banging on an aluminum surface. It made quite a noise, \n and it was far-reaching. There were about 75 holes ranging from very \n small, smaller than your pinky, to much bigger than your thumb. \n We were using, on NASA’s recommendation, Amway LOC [liquid organic \n cleaner] cut, one part LOC to ten parts water, to wash everything. \n It’s a mild organic detergent, and it’s biodegradable. \n This was what USA used, so this was what we used. And this is where, \n in the wheel wells, I found most of the hornet nests. Once you got \n the water into them they just started running down the beautiful epoxy \n white paint panels inside.\n At that point, once Steve had finished his wheel well, he started \n working on the bottom. He started up at the nose where he could reach, \n because you couldn’t get a ladder under there. He’s all \n scrunched up, just scrubbing away—and he was a bear of a guy. \n He had a lot of strength, and he just kept working down the bottom \n of the aircraft, all of the black-painted area of the aircraft. \n At that point we started using some lift equipment, JLG [Industries, \n Inc.] lifts and scissor lifts, to get up on the wing. We began cleaning \n the wing while Tony is cleaning the vertical, and we did this day \n after day after day. Then sometime in the summer, I believe in July, \n we began prepping the center fuselage for paint. The center fuselage \n does not have polyurethane foam on it, and that center fuselage extends \n from just behind the cockpit to back underneath the OMS pods. We also \n had to clean the payload bay doors. At this point we finally were \n able to get scaffolding in. We had a local company contracted to put \n scaffolding all up the sides and then bridge the top of the Shuttle. \n \n This is where things kind of got interesting. Initially it was doing \n just a lot of sanding on the side. Apparently the aircraft had been \n painted with aerospace quality polyurethane or epoxy paint and primer, \n but when it went on tour in 1984 it had started to look a little bit \n secondhand. They used a latex house paint to give it a quick repaint \n to make it appear better at the [New Orleans, Louisiana] World’s \n Fair here in the United States, and then they went to the Paris Air \n Show with it. This was all prior to delivering it to us.\n This paint over the years had become very brittle and very hard and \n would be quite a challenge to remove. Taking it off the sides was \n pretty easy. We were able to use electric sanders or pneumatic sanding \n devices, hand-held devices, and literally sand all of that down to \n the original paint. The sanding gave the surface a real good surface \n for paint to adhere to once we finished it and cleaned it up, but \n the real challenge came with the payload bay doors. We were instructed \n by NASA to not use any metal tools, any caustic chemicals, or any \n abrasives to remove the paint.\n We got up there, and they thought it would be really easy because \n a lot of the paint on the payload bay doors had flaked off, and some \n of it was literally sitting up. They said, “Just use duct tape \n and press it down real hard and pull it off, and that paint will pull \n up.” Well, that didn’t work at all. \n All of our communications with them were through Valerie Neal, the \n curator. The other thing we weren’t supposed to use was heat, \n so we went to Valerie and said, “The duct tape just isn’t \n cutting it.” They said, “Use plexiglas scrapers.” \n Plexiglas is a real hard plastic. We would cut up sections of it, \n rectangles of it, and then make a sharp edge at one end with a grinding \n wheel. That wasn’t cutting it either.\n One day I’m sitting on the scaffolding, trying to get this stuff \n off, and I see to my left this movement from about chest height over \n the curvature of the door. I look over, and it’s Steve Kautner \n with a metal scraper and a heat gun. I’m going, “Steve, \n what are you doing?” He goes, “This is the only way it’s \n coming off.” I said, “Okay, stop. Let’s talk about \n this.” \n We went back to our conservator, and I asked him, “Do you have \n a surface temperature gauge?” We went back and attached this \n temperature surface gauge to the area that we were putting the heat \n on, and we got some heat parameters. We were getting heat in the range \n of about 175 degrees [Fahrenheit] if we kept the heat gun moving, \n so we went back to NASA and they said, “Okay, you can do that, \n but no temperatures over 200,” or 250.\n All of a sudden this became easy, but we now found out very quickly \n why they didn’t want heat up there. The doors are made of carbon \n graphite, or carbon–carbon. It’s skinned with an almost \n aluminum-foil thickness coating of aluminum. It’s not like sheet \n metal, it’s more like a foil, and if you left the heat on there \n too much it would blister. We got a couple of thumb-sized blisters; \n we damaged the door. This concerned us, and we kept talking to each \n other. We’d just make sure we’d keep that heat gun moving \n and don’t overheat one spot.\n It became very evident very quickly why they didn’t want heat \n up there. They had done the same thing at some time in the past, only \n their blisters were much bigger than ours. That told us a) it’s \n been done this way before, and b) there’s a repair for it. We \n did make a few more blisters, an inevitable result of what we were \n doing, but we knew that if they needed those doors, they could be \n made flightworthy. \n Then, because there was still a lot of paint residue clinging to the \n surface, we got down and used acetone. We were all garbed up with \n double-canister air masks. There’s terrific pictures of us all \n down on our hands and knees on the door, all tied off because we’re \n high up on the top of the Shuttle, scrubbing with Scotch-Brite scrubbers \n and acetone to get the surface completely clean and ready for paint.\n That was another thing they told us, “You can’t stand \n on the doors.” So we had these four bridges across, and we’re \n all leaning off these bridges and working off of them. Again, Steve \n Kautner’s the first one to step off right on the doors. There’s \n no other way to get out there, there was no way. I said, “Okay, \n stop. Let’s talk this over.” We went down inside the Shuttle, \n and we looked up at the doors and we could see the latching system. \n \n We knew that those doors in zero gravity could open without any support, \n but we knew that they had big supports on them when they opened them \n in the hangar down in KSC. We looked at those supports, and we looked \n at how the doors fit together. It’s built like a bridge as long \n as they’re closed and locked, so four, five, six of us all were \n out on our hands and knees on the doors, scrubbing away to get the \n last residue and make a really good surface for paint.\n That brings up another aspect for me. I couldn’t wait every \n single day to come in. I’m not a space guy, I’m an airplane \n guy. In truth, the Shuttle is probably more like an aircraft than \n a spacecraft, and that one [Enterprise] never did go into space so \n it really was just an aircraft. I never followed space, I never got \n excited about it, but I got excited by this project. I couldn’t \n wait to get in every single day. Every day was interesting and exciting, \n and we were making progress—slow—but we were making progress. \n \n When they put the scaffolding up in July, we now had to climb this \n scaffolding. We had our harnesses on and we had our tethers, but we \n couldn’t tether off anywhere on the way up. We’re climbing \n 30, 35, almost 40 feet in the air every morning, every break time, \n every time you had to leave, and then when we got up there we would \n tie off and secure ourselves. But that little element of danger made \n it exciting, and we talked about that a lot too.\n We had two injuries, but only one on Enterprise. One of our guys did \n abrade his hand, but working on something else while we were out there, \n nothing to do with the Shuttle. One injury, very minor, on the Shuttle. \n One of our members fell off the payload bay doors, but he was tethered \n and it stopped him, and all he did was bang up his knee. I think we \n lost him one day, but that was it. The fact that we talked almost \n every day about the safety issue, that he was tethered off—we \n didn’t have more issues. \n The other thing that made it interesting and fun is that we were on \n this huge, very obvious artifact in the middle of this totally empty \n hall, and the public could come in to the front of the hall—there’s \n an overlook up above—and watch us. I think the element of being \n on stage made it exciting and interesting, too.\n There were some stresses. We always seemed short of personnel. At \n one point I realized there were a whole bunch of guys working on the \n OMS pods, and I had to convince my management that the OMS pods aren’t \n needed by October 19th, but the Shuttle is, so can I have more guys? \n And I got more guys.\n Once we had sanded down the sides and had removed the paint from the \n doors, it was time for a final prep and primer and paint. We had four \n guys do that, and we had a couple of issues that we had to deal with. \n One, it had to be an aerospace quality paint. PPG, Pittsburgh Paint \n and Glass, has always supplied us with our paint system that we’ve \n used exclusively for 20 years back at the [Paul E.] Garber [Preservation, \n Restoration, and Storage Facility, Suitland, Maryland], our restoration \n shop. Dave Wilson got in touch with them, and they turned him over \n to their aerospace division. They donated what amounted to about $15,000 \n worth of white polyurethane aerospace paint and primer.\n Our next challenge was we could not spray in the building because \n the building had an open port, and some of the ventilation systems \n functioned with the aircraft hangar. Also, the filters in the ventilation \n system would get clogged up with any paint residue and dust, so we \n had to either brush or roll it. Dave talked with the people from PPG, \n and they had an additive that allowed the paint to flow so that it \n would not appear to be rolled-out paint. It wouldn’t be textured, \n it would be nice and smooth.\n We got the paint on September 17th—keeping in mind that this \n hall is supposed to open on October 19th of 2004. They had to rest \n assured that all the fumes would have dissipated by 10 o’clock \n opening the next day, so we painted at night. It was Tony, Dave, myself, \n and a fellow by the name of Bob Weihrauch who did it. We would come \n in, and that hall was completely black except for the Klieg lights \n that we worked under. We rolled out the primer, and then we rolled \n out the white. [We rolled out two coats of primer and two coats of \n white.]\n I love working here at night because there’s no people here, \n the lighting is all dim, and it’s like going into a great cathedral \n at night when nobody’s around. It’s just beautiful. It’s \n quiet. You’ve got all these objects that you love, many of which \n you’ve worked on, and there’s just a neat thing about \n working here at night. We had a really good time. We had a really \n good crew. I don’t recollect ever having any arguments or disagreements \n or problems, we just really had a good time.\n One outstanding recollection is this facility is used by organizations—police \n organizations, FBI [Federal Bureau of Investigation], the MWAA, Metropolitan \n Washington Airport Authority. They have their own SWAT [special weapons \n and tactics] team and security forces. They do a lot of work in here \n at night, but we didn’t know that. One night three of us are \n up on this scaffolding, and Dave Wilson is on a scissor lift bringing \n paint up to us, and all the sudden there’s movement in the hangar. \n \n Keep in mind that outside of this cone of light that we’re in, \n everything’s dark out there, but there’s movement. We \n look down, and there’s 20 or 30 guys in black helmets, black \n outfits carrying guns, and they’re swarming like ants through \n our hangar. Well, I immediately was not concerned because none of \n them are looking at us or pointing the gun at us. We’re in white \n bunny suits, paper coveralls, and the Klieg lights are on us. We’re \n out there, very obvious.\n One guy kind of moved up to Dave, and he goes, “Have you seen \n her?” And Dave goes, “Seen who?” He goes, “Have \n you seen her?” and then he had to move, because you’re \n not supposed to look for hints. Apparently they were on an exercise, \n and one of their supervisors came in two hours ahead of time and hid \n herself somewhere in the museum, and they had to find her. Nobody \n told us; our security had not advised us that this was going to happen. \n \n Another time, during the day, I was working on the Shuttle and nobody \n else was around. Security came up to me and said, “We have a \n congressman or a senator here with his daughter back from college, \n and he’s got his office manager and his security detail. Would \n you come down and talk to them?” So I walk inside of this circle \n of Secret Service people, and they’ve got their radios and they \n all look very, very official, and I started to talk to them. I said, \n “What state do you represent, sir?” He goes, “Oh, \n one of your neighbors.” Meanwhile, his handler, his office guy, \n did all the talking. \n I went back that night and I looked all over the Internet for our \n neighboring senators and congressmen, and I did not find him—because \n you can get the photos of all of them. I went back to security the \n next day and I said, “What was that all about?” He says, \n “Oh, it’s just a test.” It was Secret Service in \n a practice run, and these guys were just members of the Secret Service \n that were playing a role to make it seem realistic. There are a lot \n of activities that go on here that are very interesting. But again, \n I was not forewarned of that. \n The other two events that were really interesting—Joe [H.] Engle, \n one of the test pilots for Enterprise, came back and spent a day with \n us. He is just a prince of a guy, just a super guy. We got to tour \n him around and show him what we were doing, and he was just the friendliest \n guy and was very very grateful to us restoring “his” bird \n back to its original condition. A couple weeks later, we all got an \n 8 x 10 of him standing by Enterprise out at Palmdale [California] \n back in’77, ’78, with a beautiful handwritten note and \n one of the original patches from his missions. It was just neat, a \n neat thing. \n The other very very interesting visitor to us was Colonel Pamela Ann \n Melroy. She’s a two mission pilot and one mission command pilot \n [commander]. She was also on the Columbia [STS-107 accident] investigation \n team, and she led the cockpit reconstruction area. My recollection, \n she was about five-foot-five, five-foot-six. I immediately made a \n connection, because she was a test pilot on the C-17 program. As I \n had worked on it, we had some things to talk about. \n I got to tour her around, and the thing I recollect so well is that \n she made a comment when we were in the cockpit. The cockpit of Enterprise \n is for the most part empty. The dashboard is there, but there’s \n only about three instruments, and they’re all old analog instruments. \n The seats are not there. She looked at that dashboard and marveled \n at the fact that it was the first time she’d seen one in a long \n time that wasn’t bits and pieces, because she had been looking \n and reviewing and trying to reassemble pieces of Columbia’s \n instrument panel.\n This diminutive colonel in the Air Force—always at the end the \n photographer comes in and takes a picture of us with the VIP [very \n important person]. Anne and I were there at that time, and we’re \n all standing off to the side, a foot away or something. She says, \n “Hey, we’ve been together all day. Come here!” She \n pulled us in right next to her to take the picture. We also got an \n 8x10 from her, signed, with a thank you and mission patches. Those \n are two of my favorite treasures from that whole time there. \n Ross-Nazzal: \n Nice recollections of that time period. \n Mautner: \n Yes, it really was. We got it done. Everything seemed late—getting \n personnel, the scaffolding came late, the paint came late—but \n we got it done. We got it done on October 18th, and October 19th was \n the day the media and the museum VIPs and everybody showed up to see \n it. It was a moment of pride because it really looked good. \n Tony and I stayed after October 19th. Tony had some more work up on \n the vertical to do, and the one area that we hadn’t really addressed \n was the propulsion bay. I would work in the propulsion bay; he’d \n work up top. We did this at night because the gallery was open to \n the public, so we did a lot of night work from October until we went \n away on Christmas vacation.\n Most of cleanup in the propulsion bay—there was some FOD [Foreign \n Object Debris], there was old hardware. It went back to when it was \n delivered to us. There were some sections of insulating aluminum, \n nuts, bolts, washers, things like that. A lot of water had been back \n there, and the floor panel structure was a huge, thick piece of aluminum \n that they had milled out to look almost like a waffle. The floor looked \n like a large waffle pattern, so there’s all these thousands \n of little pockets that had held water, and I had to clean them.\n We had some nights where we had events, and the events usually allowed \n people to roam into the space hangar, so I would take my knapsack \n and my coffee and my lunch, my snacks, up into the propulsion bay. \n Something you don’t normally do around artifacts, but I didn’t \n think I could come out because of the events they had going on. I’d \n stay up there for eight hours. Well, there’d be a potty break.\n We finished before our Christmas break, and then both of us reported \n back to the Garber Facility the first week in January 2005. It was \n rewarding every day, but they also rewarded our team with the Museum’s \n Peer Award. The [museum] gives two Peer Awards every year, and the \n Enterprise Preservation Team was awarded [one of them] for 2004. It \n was a great experience.\n Ross-Nazzal: \n What are you working on now that Enterprise is getting ready to take \n a new journey in its history to go to the Intrepid [Sea, Air & \n Space Museum in New York City]? Are you working on that?\n Mautner: \n I did work on it. I don’t know what my role will be in April \n when they come back, but the whole month of February I was assigned \n out here, along with Anne and one or two other folks, to escort NASA, \n USA, and some folks from [the] Boeing [Company]. “Escort” \n has a kind of static sound to it. We were essentially here to open \n doors that they couldn’t get into, including getting to the \n restrooms, and we were able to get them discounts in our shop and \n at McDonalds. \n And then pretty soon it was, “Oh my gosh. We don’t have \n this; do you have this tool?” So we’re running for tools. \n Later, as our professional relationship evolved, we were forklifting \n equipment for them. They had forklifts, but we were able to help them \n with that. We had a JLG man lift that we were able to take them and \n some of their equipment up to different places on the Shuttle, and \n also on the tail cone, which they assembled right out here in this \n shop. As to my role when they come back on the 19th, I have not been \n told what that is yet. I hope [I] do, I have some friends I’d \n like to hang out with again.\n Ross-Nazzal: \n Are you preparing in any way to accept [OV-103] Discovery, or are \n you primarily working with the Enterprise?\n Mautner: \n I’m not. My responsibility is to work on this German night fighter. \n We still have a wing to complete. The airframe fuselage is out in \n the museum right here now, but the wing has to be done and a lot of \n other details. Between escort duties and whatnot, I’m working \n on that. We’re told that with everything else that’s going \n on, we’re going to be moving our shop from Maryland out here. \n I don’t know how that’s going to work out with the Discovery–Enterprise \n exchange, that’s yet to be determined.\n Ross-Nazzal: \n It must have been rewarding to receive that from your peers, that’s \n wonderful.\n Mautner: \n Very, yes. I think Valerie Neal, former NASA and our curator, was \n probably instrumental in getting that for us. It was pretty neat.\n Ross-Nazzal: \n Rebecca, did you have any questions for Ed?\n Wright: \n Just one, and I think you might have already answered it. Did you \n ever come back and do anything else with Enterprise?\n Mautner: \n I have once or twice, but it was generally just escort duty. Those \n were times where it was just sit around and wait for whatever the \n folks, predominately USA, needed. I did come back, and we did reinstall \n the OMS pods. That was pretty much the original team again that did \n that, and we brought a couple of other people in to assist because \n you need spotters and tag line holders. \n Wright: \n You mentioned that you would escort for whatever they needed. What \n were the types of things that they would be coming back for?\n Mautner: \n Every time USA came here, they had a lot of supplies. Rather than \n transport them back, they would leave them out and we would store \n them in our barn, which is out in the back corner of the property. \n So the first thing we’d have to do is get their supplies, and \n that ran anywhere from tape to paints to epoxy glues.\n Recently, within the past year, they came back and we took them up \n on a JLG man lift. They did the work, and I would just maneuver it \n around to a position that helped them. Like I said, “escort” \n sounds very static, and sometimes it is, but a lot of times there’s \n a dynamic component, which is the most fun of all. That’s how \n you get to know these guys and get to see what they do.\n Wright: \n Were they doing types of restoration themselves?\n Mautner: \n Yes, about last April they came back to begin the process of making \n Enterprise airworthy. That involved making an assessment of all systems, \n and they also did the [landing gear] retracts. The main job was to \n get the hydraulic system working so they could retract the landing \n gear. Part of our position as escort was to shut down areas of that \n hall to keep the public away, because the machine, what they call \n the mule, fires up the hydraulics system, makes a lot of noise. Also \n there’s part of the retract that there’s noise involved \n as well.\n We did a lot of work stanchioning off. Moving stanchions back, and \n then when it was all done, moving the stanchions closer. We were trying \n to do this juggle between making sure people were safe and USA had \n enough room to work in, and also still keeping the hall open to the \n public. Our whole purpose is to let them get as close to this stuff \n as we can.\n There were a couple of times where, yes, it was pretty static, but \n other times we were pretty involved in helping them. And everything \n back here is secured. You can’t get into the restrooms without \n our badge, so we were escorting to the restrooms. Eventually, and \n especially in this last trip in February where they did the final \n preparation for flight, the security office provided them with badges \n that allowed them to open all the things they had to get into. They \n had the same access employees had. \n I think that speaks of the type of relationship that we’ve always \n felt we had with NASA, that they weren’t an alien organization \n that comes in and invades our space but rather cohorts, colleagues \n that we feel—not exactly one with, our roles are different—but \n certainly very good friends with.\n Wright: \n Is this a very unique exhibit here compared to all the rest? Do you \n have any other kind of associations with other groups that come in \n and work on their planes?\n Mautner: \n No, there’s no other organization that has the relationship \n that NASA has with us. I think that’s historically because we’ve \n been the repository of first choice for NASA, but also because Valerie \n Neal, who came from NASA, has maintained a very, very good relationship \n with all the leadership there. It’s been a very collegial relationship \n from the very beginning. Because of that, your relationship personally \n to these people is much more relaxed, so it’s much much easier \n to make friends. I have a couple buddies that I email once in a while \n back at the Cape [Canaveral, Florida]. It’s a good relationship.\n Ross-Nazzal: \n Any other last thoughts? \n Mautner: \n I think I’ve covered the important aspects of my relationship \n with the Shuttle Enterprise and with the folks from NASA and USA. \n We had a good team. I think it was kind of neat because management \n left us alone; they left us to make a lot of our own decisions. Everybody \n worked with the goal in mind, and we reached the goal. We finished \n Enterprise, it really looks beautiful. It took us nine months to get \n it in the shape that it’s in right now, and I have to say I \n am quite proud of how it came out. \n I do recollect one of the stories that I’ll tell you. When we \n began to strip all the paint off, we traced all of the markings—the \n NASA worm, the “United States” on the side, the “Enterprise” \n itself—so that after we painted it we could restore those. We \n noted and photographed the fact that these had been hand-brushed. \n Somebody had done a stencil, and then they hand-brushed in the black \n color. As we began to strip the aircraft, we realized that there were \n other markings, other NASA worms and another “Enterprise” \n and another “United States” underneath that exterior coat \n of latex house paint. \n We traced those as well, and at that point the curator had to make \n a decision. Are we going to restore it to when it was originally painted \n and lettered, or are we going to paint it as it was presented to us \n in 1985? The decision was made to paint it as it was delivered to \n us. Those letters were all in black, and the letters we found underneath \n were in lighter shades of dark gray. \n At the time that we traced them back on the aircraft, the question \n was asked, “Well, who feels comfortable painting them back on?” \n I mean, none of us are professional sign painters. Out of the five \n of us there, four chose to do it. So what you’ll see out there \n is our hand-lettered letters, and they are letter perfect. They came \n out really, really well. Three employees and one volunteer painted \n them all in. That too raised our level of pride and involvement and \n attachment to the Enterprise. \n I have mixed feelings about it going. On the one hand, it’s \n very important for us to have an orbiter, and Discovery is a much \n more significant vehicle to have in our collection, so I’m happy \n about that. On the other hand, all of our handwork is being sent off \n to somebody else. I’m not going to lose sleep over it, but I \n will think, how are they taking care of it? Is that beautiful paint \n job still squeaky clean and nice, and are all those tiles in good \n condition? So yes, I am concerned to some degree at it going off to \n other hands.\n Ross-Nazzal: \n Any plans to go to New York and see her once she’s in her permanent \n location?\n Mautner: \n No plans at this time, no.\n Wright: \n And will you be working on Discovery when it comes?\n Mautner: \n We’re not going to touch Discovery. This is another aspect that’s \n pretty neat about getting Discovery. The ideal airplane or spacecraft \n to get into our collection is the one that just went on its last mission. \n If we could get a Boeing B-17 [aircraft] that flew a mission from \n England in August or September of 1944, and then was transferred right \n back into our hall out front, that’s the idea. You don’t \n want to touch it. You want to mount it in such fashion that you preserve \n the tires and take any other stresses out of it, but it would be great \n if it had the gunpowder stains and the engine stains and the oil stains \n and the rough-hewn patches that the mechanics put on the planes back \n in those days. \n And that’s how Discovery is coming to us. They haven’t \n cleaned it, outside of taking out the toxic materials in all the tanks \n and systems, so it’s not going to look like Enterprise at all. \n In fact, one of the people from NASA commented that Enterprise looked \n like a toy. I think what she meant was it looked like a model, and \n Discovery looks like a real orbiter. So we’re happy about that.\n Wright: \n Well, thank you.\n Ross-Nazzal: \n Thank you for spending some time with us this morning. We appreciate \n it.\n Mautner: \n You’re very welcome. It’s my pleasure to do it.\n [End \n of interview]\n \n \n Return \n to JSC Oral History Website"],["topImageUrl","https://www.jsc.nasa.gov/history/oral_histories/head_images/sc.gif"],["error",null]]}]}],["text","美國太空總署員工表示，\n他們是使用太空總署建議的\n【安麗 LOC】以「1:10」濃度\n拿來清洗太空梭及所有東西。\n\n這就是表示該產品是【極度安全】的！\n\n這樣，還有什麼安麗產品是需要擔心呢？\n\n\nhttp://www.jsc.nasa.gov/history/oral_histories/NASA_HQ/Experts/MautnerEM/MautnerEM_3-22-12.htm"],["id","5484461227031-rumor"],["createdAt","2017-01-11T01:17:00.000Z"]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["replyCount",1],["references",{"__iterable":"List","data":[{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["type","LINE"]]}]}],["replyRequestCount",1],["user",{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["id","j4S8C_lXIN_yP7NJyvc81dI0F5S0jmaP0EpHTLdzpkZ_dTe7s"],["name","Oo直率真誠的貢寮哈裏特oO"],["avatarUrl",null],["level",0]]}],["hyperlinks",{"__iterable":"List","data":[{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","If You Eat an Avocado a Day For a Month, Here's What Will Happen to You"],["url","https://youtu.be/2Cfl-aVbbz0"],["summary","What Will Happen to Your Body If You Eat Avocado Every Day. The avocado is a unique fruit with multiple nutritional and health benefits. How would your body respond if you ate just one avocado a day? In fact, it would transform your life as you’d get amazing results: your breath will be fresh at all times, your kidneys and liver will work more efficiently, your blood pressure will become lower, just to name a few. \nThere's a miraculous mineral to be found in avocados: potassium. It helps your system keep a healthy fluid balance through chemical channels for cells and organs. Avocados are also a great source of vitamins C and E. Vitamin C is known for its involvement in the creation of collagen and elastin, which help to maintain the skin's elasticity and firmness. Vitamin E takes it to a whole new level, reducing the damage of excessive sun exposure and counteracting aging.\n\nTIMESTAMPS\nHow to get fresh breath. 0:37\nHow to make your kidneys work more efficiently. 1:26\nHow to decrease your cholesterol and triglyceride levels. 2:20\nHow to make your liver function more efficiently. 3:16\nHow to lower your blood pressure. 4:13\nHow to improve your vision. 5:07\nHow to get extra protection from cancer. 6:03\nHow to lose weight easily. 6:52\nHow to make your skin glow. 7:49\n\nMusic:\nhttps://www.youtube.com/audiolibrary/music\n\nSUMMARY\n-Avocado has antibacterial and antioxidant flavonoids, which kill bacteria in your mouth and make your breath fresh.\n-Potassium helps your system keep a healthy fluid balance through chemical channels for cells and organs. A good fluid balance allows your kidneys to function better.\n-Eating avocados regularly lowers the “bad” LDL cholesterol and blood triglycerides by up to 22% and increases the “good” HDL cholesterol by up to 11%.\n-This fruit is actually one of the best products for a liver-friendly diet, and that's all thanks to its ability to help your body produce glutathione! The liver desperately craves this antioxidant to filter out harmful substances and protect its cells from damage.\n-Potassium in avocados helps regulate the fluid balance benefits your blood pressure too. In this case, potassium prevents osteoporosis and, most importantly, lowers your blood pressure.\n-Avocados are high in antioxidants, especially carotenoids called lutein and zeaxanthin, which protect our eyes against harmful blue light.\n-The ability of avocados to give that extra bit of protection from cancer comes from the carotenoids and monounsaturated fat they contain, both of which make their own contribution to the impressive reduction of cancer.\n-Avocados are rich in fiber, which is essential for making those unwanted pounds disappear. Fiber is incredibly filling and digests slowly.\n-Thanks to vitamins C and E avocados help to maintain the skin's elasticity and firmness. Avocados are also rich in omega-9 fatty acids, and they’re crucial for maintaining moisture in the epidermis and regenerating epidermal cells.\n\nSubscribe to Bright Side : https://goo.gl/rQTJZz\n\n----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\nOur Social Media:\n\nFacebook: https://www.facebook.com/brightside/\nInstagram: https://www.instagram.com/brightgram/\n\n5-Minute Crafts Youtube: https://www.goo.gl/8JVmuC\n\n----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\nFor more videos and articles visit:\nhttp://www.brightside.me/"],["topImageUrl","https://i.ytimg.com/vi/2Cfl-aVbbz0/maxresdefault.jpg"],["error",null]]}]}],["text","\n\n\n\n\n每天ㄧ粒Avocado(酪梨)的好処\n1.呼吸清新,预防口腔癌。\n2.腎臟的運作更有效率。(高血钾症病人除外)\n3. 降低胆固醇及三酸甘油脂。\n4.肝臓的工作更有效率。\n5.降低血压。\n6.改善視力。\n7.預防癌症。\n8.減重。\n9.皮膚亮麗。\n\n\n\n\nhttps://youtu.be/2Cfl-aVbbz0"],["id","3iu5003je55yr"],["createdAt","2018-07-25T15:58:47.221Z"]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["replyCount",1],["references",{"__iterable":"List","data":[{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["type","LINE"]]}]}],["replyRequestCount",1],["user",{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["id","j4S8C_nY3njFKmqp68EwpFXuIiFcsY-3ijBdwX58c_bxueS7U"],["name","斯文的番路瓦勒莉"],["avatarUrl",null],["level",0]]}],["hyperlinks",{"__iterable":"List","data":[{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","‎Unlimited Music MP3 Player:MB3"],["url","https://goo.gl/jKZhHx"],["summary","MixerBox is a stylish all-in-one music player which lets you play music and videos from various services such as YouTube, iTunes, and local music! Enjoy music and videos you love, as many as you want! ALL FREE.MixerBox is the top choice of over 100 million people worldwide and is continuing to grow!With MixerBox you can enjoy:• MULTISOURCE MUSIC VIDEOS STREAMING: Discover music and videos from multi-source, including YouTube, iTunes and local music within one app! Play them all with a single tap!• OPTIMIZED INTERFACE for iPhone X: A Perfectly Optimized interface for iPhone X and of course all other devices!• GORGEOUS DESIGN: Stylish and unique interface fits your taste perfectly, making you want to use it to enjoy music every day!• AUTOMATIC PLAYLIST: Instant personalized playlist from your Facebook Likes and Shares! • FRIENDS' MUSIC DISCOVERY: Discover, play and subscribe to the top playlists among your Facebook friends!• CONTINUOUS PLAY: Play music and videos from various services non-stop, all within one app! • PLAYLIST-OF-THE-DAY: A new playlist in your pocket, every day! • MILLIONS OF MUSIC VIDEOS: Easily access millions of music videos worldwide, and even performances of unsigned singers! • SYNCHRONIZATION: Automatically sync playlists across all of your devices!• INTELLIGENT MUSIC SUGGESTIONS: Recommends similar music through our exclusive intelligent recommendation system just for you!What’s more, IT'S ENTIRELY 100% FREE!MixerBox has even more convenient and amazing features, all waiting to be discovered by you! DOWNLOAD MixerBox NOW!* All videos are provided by the public third-party media service YouTube. All trademarks and copyrights belong to their respective owners and are used here under the terms of Fair Use and the Digital Millennium Copyrights Act (DMCA).* Facebook Ads Information: https://m.facebook.com/ads/ad_choices© MixerBox Inc. Palo Alto, California, USA.\n \n\n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n What's New\n \n \n \n \n Version History\n \n \n 6.01\n Nov 15, 2018\n \n \n \n - Updated Information Tab Feature: View song description and lyrics, while listening to music! - Fixed prior bugs and problems to help improve music playback experience.If you have any problems regarding MixerBox, please visit our MixerBox fan page. We will try to reply as soon as possible. Feel free to rate us and leave a comment, so we can better help you!\n \n\n\n \n \n \n 6.00\n Nov 10, 2018\n \n \n \n - Updated Information Tab Feature: View song description and lyrics, while listening to music! - Fixed prior bugs and problems to help improve music playback experience.If you have any problems regarding MixerBox, please visit our MixerBox fan page. We will try to reply as soon as possible. Feel free to rate us and leave a comment, so we can better help you!\n \n\n\n \n \n \n 5.99\n Nov 1, 2018\n \n \n \n - Updated Information Tab Feature: View song description and lyrics, while listening to music! - Fixed prior bugs and problems to help improve music playback experience.If you have any problems regarding MixerBox, please visit our MixerBox fan page. We will try to reply as soon as possible. Feel free to rate us and leave a comment, so we can better help you!\n \n\n\n \n \n \n 5.98\n Oct 29, 2018\n \n \n \n - Fixed prior bugs and problems to help improve music playback experience.If you have any problems regarding MixerBox, please visit our MixerBox fan page. We will try to reply as soon as possible. Feel free to rate us and leave a comment, so we can better help you!\n \n\n\n \n \n \n 5.96\n Oct 12, 2018\n \n \n \n - Fixed prior bugs and problems to help improve music playback experience.If you have any problems regarding MixerBox, please visit our MixerBox fan page. We will try to reply as soon as possible. Feel free to rate us and leave a comment, so we can better help you!\n \n\n\n \n \n \n 5.93\n Sep 26, 2018\n \n \n \n - Fixed prior bugs and problems to help improve music playback experience.If you have any problems regarding MixerBox, please visit our MixerBox fan page. We will try to reply as soon as possible. Feel free to rate us and leave a comment, so we can better help you!\n \n\n\n \n \n \n 5.92\n Sep 21, 2018\n \n \n \n - Fixed prior bugs and problems to help improve music playback experience.If you have any problems regarding MixerBox, please visit our MixerBox fan page. We will try to reply as soon as possible. Feel free to rate us and leave a comment, so we can better help you!\n \n\n\n \n \n \n 5.91\n Sep 13, 2018\n \n \n \n - Fixed prior bugs and problems to help improve music playback experience.If you have any problems regarding MixerBox, please visit our MixerBox fan page. We will try to reply as soon as possible. Feel free to rate us and leave a comment, so we can better help you!\n \n\n\n \n \n \n 5.90\n Sep 7, 2018\n \n \n \n - Fixed prior bugs and problems to help improve music playback experience.If you have any problems regarding MixerBox, please visit our MixerBox fan page. We will try to reply as soon as possible. Feel free to rate us and leave a comment, so we can better help you!\n \n\n\n \n \n \n 5.89\n Sep 3, 2018\n \n \n \n - Fixed prior bugs and problems to help improve music playback experience.If you have any problems regarding MixerBox, please visit our MixerBox fan page. We will try to reply as soon as possible. Feel free to rate us and leave a comment, so we can better help you!\n \n\n\n \n \n \n 5.88\n Aug 28, 2018\n \n \n \n - Fixed prior bugs and problems to help improve music playback experience.If you have any problems regarding MixerBox, please visit our MixerBox fan page. We will try to reply as soon as possible. Feel free to rate us and leave a comment, so we can better help you!\n \n\n\n \n \n \n 5.87\n Aug 16, 2018\n \n \n \n - Fixed prior bugs and problems to help improve music playback experience.If you have any problems regarding MixerBox, please visit our MixerBox fan page. We will try to reply as soon as possible. Feel free to rate us and leave a comment, so we can better help you!\n \n\n\n \n \n \n 5.86\n Jul 15, 2018\n \n \n \n - Fixed prior bugs and problems to help improve music playback experience.If you have any problems regarding MixerBox, please visit our MixerBox fan page. We will try to reply as soon as possible. Feel free to rate us and leave a comment, so we can better help you!\n \n\n\n \n \n \n 5.85\n Jul 9, 2018\n \n \n \n - Fixed prior bugs and problems to help improve music playback experience.If you have any problems regarding MixerBox, please visit our MixerBox fan page. We will try to reply as soon as possible. Feel free to rate us and leave a comment, so we can better help you!\n \n\n\n \n \n \n 5.83\n Jul 6, 2018\n \n \n \n - Fixed prior bugs and problems to help improve music playback experience.If you have any problems regarding MixerBox, please visit our MixerBox fan page. We will try to reply as soon as possible. Feel free to rate us and leave a comment, so we can better help you!\n \n\n\n \n \n \n 5.82\n Jun 27, 2018\n \n \n \n - Fixed prior bugs and problems to help improve music playback experience.If you have any problems regarding MixerBox, please visit our MixerBox fan page. We will try to reply as soon as possible. Feel free to rate us and leave a comment, so we can better help you!\n \n\n\n \n \n \n 5.81\n Jun 20, 2018\n \n \n \n - Fixed prior bugs and problems to help improve music playback experience.If you have any problems regarding MixerBox, please visit our MixerBox fan page. We will try to reply as soon as possible. Feel free to rate us and leave a comment, so we can better help you!\n \n\n\n \n \n \n 5.80\n Jun 18, 2018\n \n \n \n - Fixed prior bugs and problems to help improve music playback experience.If you have any problems regarding MixerBox, please visit our MixerBox fan page. We will try to reply as soon as possible. Feel free to rate us and leave a comment, so we can better help you!\n \n\n\n \n \n \n 5.79\n Jun 14, 2018\n \n \n \n - Fixed prior bugs and problems to help improve music playback experience.If you have any problems regarding MixerBox, please visit our MixerBox fan page. We will try to reply as soon as possible. Feel free to rate us and leave a comment, so we can better help you!\n \n\n\n \n \n \n 5.78\n Jun 11, 2018\n \n \n \n - Fixed prior bugs and problems to help improve music playback experience.If you have any problems regarding MixerBox, please visit our MixerBox fan page. We will try to reply as soon as possible. Feel free to rate us and leave a comment, so we can better help you!\n \n\n\n \n \n \n 5.77\n Jun 9, 2018\n \n \n \n - Fixed prior bugs and problems to help improve music playback experience.If you have any problems regarding MixerBox, please visit our MixerBox fan page. We will try to reply as soon as possible. Feel free to rate us and leave a comment, so we can better help you!\n \n\n\n \n \n \n 5.76\n Jun 5, 2018\n \n \n \n - Fixed prior bugs and problems to help improve music playback experience.If you have any problems regarding MixerBox, please visit our MixerBox fan page. We will try to reply as soon as possible. Feel free to rate us and leave a comment, so we can better help you!\n \n\n\n \n \n \n 5.75\n May 30, 2018\n \n \n \n - Fixed prior bugs and problems to help improve music playback experience.If you have any problems regarding MixerBox, please visit our MixerBox fan page. We will try to reply as soon as possible. Feel free to rate us and leave a comment, so we can better help you!\n \n\n\n \n \n \n 5.73\n May 19, 2018\n \n \n \n - Fixed prior bugs and problems to help improve music playback experience.If you have any problems regarding MixerBox, please visit our MixerBox fan page. We will try to reply as soon as possible. Feel free to rate us and leave a comment, so we can better help you!\n \n\n\n \n \n \n 5.72\n May 10, 2018\n \n \n \n - Fixed prior bugs and problems to help improve music playback experience.If you have any problems regarding MixerBox, please visit our MixerBox fan page. We will try to reply as soon as possible. Feel free to rate us and leave a comment, so we can better help you!\n \n\n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n - Updated Information Tab Feature: View song description and lyrics, while listening to music! - Fixed prior bugs and problems to help improve music playback experience.If you have any problems regarding MixerBox, please visit our MixerBox fan page. We will try to reply as soon as possible. Feel free to rate us and leave a comment, so we can better help you!\n \n\n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n Ratings and Reviews\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n Used to be Hot - now it’s Not!!\n\n\n Initially when I to the app, it was cool - it had all my songs, it played even when I closed my screen and it played without WiFi. After a long while, it stopped playing with the closed screen, I had to start leaving the app open in order for it to play. That wasn’t terrible, just inconvenient..but I could live with it. Then, it started playing ads during the songs - an ad would just instantly start to play while the song was simultaneously playing. That was very irritating; but eventually it stopped doing that....and started stopping. While the song played, it would just stop playing or the sound would drop out. THAT is very annoying and it continues to do that. Not every song, but enough to irritate you. I am actively seeking another app - one that is consistent and doesn’t pop up with a new issue every few months. At first, I loved it; but as time went on & something new was always wrong with it...I’m becoming increasingly less patient with it. Time to move on!!!😏\n\n \n\n Hi! Thank you for your feedback! Could you leave message to our Fanspage \"https://www.facebook.com/mixerbox\" and describe more details about the pausing problem? So that we can better understand your situation and assist you to solve the problem. If you like our app, please leave us your much appreciated comments! Thanks! (*´∀`)~♥\n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n\n\n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n Used to be Hot - now it’s Not!!\n\n\n \n \n \n Initially when I to the app, it was cool - it had all my songs, it played even when I closed my screen and it played without WiFi. After a long while, it stopped playing with the closed screen, I had to start leaving the app open in order for it to play. That wasn’t terrible, just inconvenient..but I could live with it. Then, it started playing ads during the songs - an ad would just instantly start to play while the song was simultaneously playing. That was very irritating; but eventually it stopped doing that....and started stopping. While the song played, it would just stop playing or the sound would drop out. THAT is very annoying and it continues to do that. Not every song, but enough to irritate you. I am actively seeking another app - one that is consistent and doesn’t pop up with a new issue every few months. At first, I loved it; but as time went on & something new was always wrong with it...I’m becoming increasingly less patient with it. Time to move on!!!😏\n \n\n\n \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n Hi! Thank you for your feedback! Could you leave message to our Fanspage \"https://www.facebook.com/mixerbox\" and describe more details about the pausing problem? So that we can better understand your situation and assist you to solve the problem. If you like our app, please leave us your much appreciated comments! Thanks! (*´∀`)~♥\n \n\n\n \n \n\n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n Miss Jan\n\n\n I’ve stayed with Mixer Box for quite a while and I plan on staying with them for as long as I can. This application. has given me easy access to all the music, taped conferences or special events that I want! The method used to reward us for using their app. is fantastic and so very generous. Today, it’s unheard of to receive so much for virtually nothing and I promise that, the creators have worked hard to develop the most updated technology and they can even make suggestions for our personal music selections, which assist in making favorite music lists! Finally, their customer service seems to be set up to help in whatever situation arises. Basically, I can’t say enough positive things about Mixer Box and although it’s not perfect, it’s Free and perfect for me!! Thanks Mixer Box!😉💟\n\n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n\n\n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n Miss Jan\n\n\n \n \n \n I’ve stayed with Mixer Box for quite a while and I plan on staying with them for as long as I can. This application. has given me easy access to all the music, taped conferences or special events that I want! The method used to reward us for using their app. is fantastic and so very generous. Today, it’s unheard of to receive so much for virtually nothing and I promise that, the creators have worked hard to develop the most updated technology and they can even make suggestions for our personal music selections, which assist in making favorite music lists! Finally, their customer service seems to be set up to help in whatever situation arises. Basically, I can’t say enough positive things about Mixer Box and although it’s not perfect, it’s Free and perfect for me!! Thanks Mixer Box!😉💟\n \n\n\n \n \n\n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n\n\n\n \n \n \n Information\n \n \n Seller\n \n MixerBox Inc.\n \n \n \n Size\n 78.9 MB\n \n \n \n Compatibility\n \n \n \n Requires iOS 10.0 or later. Compatible with iPhone, iPad, and iPod touch.\n \n\n\n \n\n \n \n Languages\n \n \n \n English, Dutch, French, German, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Portuguese, Russian, Simplified Chinese, Spanish, Thai, Traditional Chinese, Turkish\n \n\n\n \n\n \n \n Age Rating\n You must be at least 17 years old to download this app.\n \n \n \n Infrequent/Mild Profanity or Crude Humor\n \n \n \n Infrequent/Mild Alcohol, Tobacco, or Drug Use or References\n \n \n \n Frequent/Intense Mature/Suggestive Themes\n \n \n Copyright\n © MixerBox Inc.\n \n \n Price\n Free\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n App Support\n \n \n Privacy Policy\n \n \n \n\n \n \n Supports\n \n \n \n \n \n Family Sharing\n\n \n \n \n With Family Sharing set up, up to six family members can use this app."],["topImageUrl","https://is3-ssl.mzstatic.com/image/thumb/Purple128/v4/a6/65/99/a665999d-4634-8a3d-fc78-0c9960030294/AppIcon-0-1x_U007emarketing-0-0-GLES2_U002c0-512MB-sRGB-0-0-0-85-220-0-0-0-7.png/1200x630wa.png"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","▶Download Now◀Unlimited Free Music MP3 Player - Apps on Google Play"],["url","https://goo.gl/w2Y4e1"],["summary","MixerBox is a compliant 3rd-party API client that lets you play music & videos from YouTube & MP3s all within one app! (This is NOT a MP3 / video downloader app)==========DISCLAIMER==========This is NOT an official app from the various media services, and this is only an unofficial 3rd-party client that complies with their 3rd party API terms of service. This app is NOT an affiliated nor related product of those services. Per their API developer terms: https://developers.google.com/youtube/terms/branding-guidelines - \"You do not need special approval to use YouTube APIs or to promote API functionality in your application\" provided that the guidelines are followed.==============================► AUTOMATIC PLAYLIST - Instant personalized playlist from your Facebook Likes and Shares ► FRIENDS' MUSIC DISCOVERY - Discover, play and subscribe to the top playlists among your Facebook friends ► CONTINUOUS PLAY - Play music and videos from various services non-stop, all within one app! ► PLAYLIST-OF-THE-DAY - A new playlist in your pocket, everyday ► MILLIONS OF MUSIC VIDEOS - Easily access millions of music videos worldwide, and even performances of unsigned singers ► SYNCHRONIZATION - Automatically sync playlists across all of your devices =====COPYRIGHT INFORMATION=====All videos are provided by the public third-party media service YouTube. All trademarks and copyrights belong to their respective owners and are used here under the terms of Fair Use and the Digital Millennium Copyrights Act (DMCA).Since MixerBox simply links to content on their service via their 3rd Party Developer API, MixerBox does not have any direct control of their content. If there are any content that may infringe upon anyone's copyrights, the following link can be used to report the content: http://www.youtube.com/t/dmca_policyIf you have any further questions, please feel free to contact us at: support@mixerbox.com© MixerBox Inc. Palo Alto, California, USA."],["topImageUrl","https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/BlTOcUyHo8bAQ3-vRUU_N290onZViUtIyB9_889VHAyRV_5LVx3EcRocLD8nKDndIKM"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","このページを見るには、ログインまたは登録してください"],["url","https://goo.gl/uAr4Jz"],["summary","このメニューを開くには、altと/を同時に押してください"],["topImageUrl","https://facebook.com/security/hsts-pixel.gif"],["error",null]]}]}],["text","抽五萬超簡單，請大家告訴大家，歡迎轉傳分享！\n\n【五萬元抽獎活動】\n下載免費音樂 App MixerBox 並透過 Line 分享給好友，就可以抽五萬元！\n\niOS下載\nhttps://goo.gl/jKZhHx \nAndroid下載\nhttps://goo.gl/w2Y4e1\n\n分享此訊息並截圖 Line 分享畫面，至粉專貼文留言 tag 兩位好友並附上截圖即可抽五萬\n\n粉專貼文傳送門👇🏻\nhttps://goo.gl/uAr4Jz\n\n好康相報，要記得下載 App！抽中五萬記得分我😆\n"],["id","3jfynn6k56a3m"],["createdAt","2018-11-30T16:43:15.234Z"]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["replyCount",1],["references",{"__iterable":"List","data":[{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["type","LINE"]]}]}],["replyRequestCount",1],["user",{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["id","j4S8C_62TpgrlHJxX4TQCewxVpp97UXheKZTwfdTiexos4edY"],["name","☞有雄心壯志的麟洛米路☜"],["avatarUrl",null],["level",0]]}],["hyperlinks",{"__iterable":"List","data":[{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","These Common Household Products Can Destroy the Novel Coronavirus"],["url","https://www.consumerreports.org/cleaning/common-household-products-that-can-destroy-novel-coronavirus/"],["summary","When you shop through retailer links on our site, we may earn affiliate commissions. 100% of the fees we collect are used to support our nonprofit mission. Learn more.\n\n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n \n\n\n\nNews of stores running out of hand-sanitizing gels and chlorine wipes may have you worried about how to protect your family at home as COVID-19 spreads. But plain old hand soap will go a long way.\n“It isn’t possible to disinfect every surface you touch throughout your day,” says Stephen Thomas, M.D., chief of infectious diseases and director of global health at Upstate Medical University in Syracuse. “The planet is covered with bacteria and viruses, and we’re constantly in contact with these surfaces, so hand-washing is still your best defense against COVID-19.” \n\n\n\n\n\n \n\n\n\nYou need to amp up your typical cleaning routine only if someone in the household exhibits signs and symptoms of a respiratory infection, or if you live in an area with known cases of COVID-19. In that scenario, Thomas says, “Clean high-traffic areas that get touched frequently, such as kitchen counters and bathroom faucets, three times a day with a product that kills viruses.”\n\n\n\n\n\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\tThe good news is that coronaviruses are some of the easiest types of viruses to kill with the appropriate product, according to the Environmental Protection Agency. “It has an envelope around it that allows it to merge with other cells to infect them,” explains Thomas. “If you disrupt that coating, the virus can’t do its job.”\nEven if you can't get your hands on hand sanitizer or Clorox wipes, below are a number of cleaning products you probably have around the house already, and that stores are more likely to have in stock, that are effective in deactivating the novel coronavirus. We also tell you the products that don’t work, and when you can expect retailers to stock back up on cleaning supplies.\n\n\t\t\n\t\n\n\n\n\n\n Cleaning Products That Destroy Coronavirus\n\n \n\n\n\nSoap and Water\n Just the friction from scrubbing with soap and water can break the coronavirus’s protective envelope. “Scrub like you’ve got sticky stuff on the surface and you really need to get it off,” says Richard Sachleben, an organic chemist and member of the American Chemical Society. Discard the towel or leave it in a bowl of soapy water for a while to destroy any virus particles that may have survived. \nBleach\n The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommends a diluted bleach solution (⅓ cup bleach per 1 gallon of water or 4 teaspoons bleach per 1 quart of water) for virus disinfection. Wear gloves while using bleach, and never mix it with amonia or anything, in fact, except water. (The only exception is when doing laundry with detergent.)\n“Bleach works great against viruses,” Sachleben says. Just don’t keep the solution for longer than a few days because bleach will degrade certain plastic containers.\nBleach can also corrode metal over time, so Sachleben recommends that people not get into the habit of cleaning their faucets and stainless steel products with it. Because bleach is harsh for many countertops as well, you should rinse surfaces with water after disinfecting to prevent discoloration or damage to the surface. \nIsopropyl Alcohol\n Alcohol solutions with at least 70 percent alcohol are effective against coronavirus. Do not dilute the alcohol solution. Alcohol is generally safe for all surfaces but can discolor some plastics, Sachleben says.\nHydrogen Peroxide\n According to the CDC, household (3 percent) hydrogen peroxide is effective in deactivating rhinovirus, the virus that causes the common cold, within 6 to 8 minutes of exposure. Rhinovirus is more difficult to destroy than coronaviruses, so hydrogen peroxide should be able to break down coronavirus in less time. Pour it undiluted into a spray bottle and spray it on the surface to be cleaned, but let it sit on the surface for several minutes. \nHydrogen peroxide is not corrosive, so it’s okay to use it on metal surfaces. But similar to bleach, it can discolor fabrics if you accidentally get in on your clothes. “It’s great for getting into hard-to-reach crevices,” Sachleben says. “You can pour it on the area and you don’t have to wipe it off because it essentially decomposes into oxygen and water.”\n\n\n\n What Not to Use Against Coronavirus\n\n \n\n\n\nHomemade Hand Sanitizer\nYou’re probably seeing all sorts of hand sanitizer recipes floating around your social media and the internet, but Thomas, at Upstate Medical in Syracuse, advises against making your own. “People don’t know the right ratios to use, and the internet won’t give you the right answer,” he warns. “Not only can you hurt yourself, but it could give you a false sense of security.” \nSachleben seconds that advice. “I’m a professional chemist, and I don’t mix my own disinfectant products at home,” he says. “Companies spend a bunch of time and money to pay chemists specifically to formulate hand sanitizers that work and that are safe. If you make it yourself, how can you know if it’s stable or if it works?”\nVodka\nThere are widely circulated recipes on the internet using vodka to combat coronavirus. A couple of vodka makers, including Tito’s and Smirnoff, have already come out with statements telling their customers that their 80-proof product does not contain enough ethyl alcohol (40 percent compared with the 70 percent required) to kill the coronavirus. \nDistilled White Vinegar\nDisinfection recommendations using vinegar are popular online, but there is no evidence that they are effective against coronavirus. (Read about the 9 things you should never clean with vinegar.)\n\n\n\n When Retailers Expect More Supplies\n\n \n\n\n\nWondering when you’ll be able to get your hands on hand sanitizer, Lysol wipes, Clorox sprays, etc., at your local store? CR spoke to major chains, including Costco, CVS, Kroger, Stop & Shop, and Walgreens. They said that they are seeing temporary shortages and are restocking as quickly as their suppliers allow (though CVS says it is not seeing a shortage of disinfectant wipes and sprays). Kroger and Stop & Shop have instituted purchase limits. \nBut your best bet, says Burt Flickinger, managing director at Strategic Resource Group, a retail and consumer goods consulting firm, is to go to the warehouse stores and large grocery chains. \n\"They have their own distribution warehouses and constantly replenish their stock,\" he explains. He adds that Walmart has one of the best distribution chains in the country and is prepared for natural disasters like tornadoes or hurricanes. In other words, their system is already in place, so they don't have to scramble to meet demand.\nFlickinger says the best time to shop is 6 a.m. to 8 a.m., because the shelves are typically restocked overnight. He anticipates that supplies from Clorox, 3M, and Procter & Gamble will be replenished the soonest.\n\n\n\n \n\n\n\n—Additional reporting by Mary Farrell"],["topImageUrl",null],["error",null]]}]}],["text","https://www.consumerreports.org/cleaning/common-household-products-that-can-destroy-novel-coronavirus/"],["id","qlvg81xa0oup"],["createdAt","2020-03-14T23:30:02.695Z"]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["replyCount",1],["references",{"__iterable":"List","data":[{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["type","LINE"]]}]}],["replyRequestCount",3],["user",{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["id","j4S8C_xpwMw-S2qE1Jd4f6AwjPh8KqzGLPCQD1innQ2hucGeE"],["name","意志堅強的芎林維拉妮卡"],["avatarUrl",null],["level",0]]}],["hyperlinks",{"__iterable":"List","data":[{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","The Tip of the Iceberg: Virologist David Ho (BS '74) Speaks About COVID-19"],["url","https://www.caltech.edu/about/news/tip-iceberg-virologist-david-ho-bs-74-speaks-about-covid-19?fbclid=IwAR1XVnPHq82gD97Y2Y06FkIFzAtNNfopnMgqa98fHAwX7WHzHGyBVbnZlIQ](https://www.caltech.edu/about/news/tip-iceberg-virologist-david-ho-bs-74-speaks-about-covid-19?fbclid=IwAR1XVnPHq82gD97Y2Y06FkIFzAtNNfopnMgqa98fHAwX7WHzHGyBVbnZlIQ))"],["summary","As of March 20, more than 8,700 people worldwide had died of COVID-19, the disease caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Caltech trustee David Ho (BS '74) of the Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, Columbia University, says that this is just the tip of the iceberg. Ho, an expert on viral epidemics, has spent decades researching HIV/AIDS, having begun his career in Los Angeles, \"ground zero\" of the first outbreak, in the early 1980s. On March 18, Ho sat down with members of the Caltech community to discuss the novel coronavirus and the future of our society in the light of this global pandemic.Walk us through the spread of the virus in the United States. What does the country look like right now?Let me just give you a picture of what I see here in New York. About two weeks ago, we had our initial case, and now in New York City newly diagnosed confirmed cases are tripling every two days. In our New York Presbyterian Hospital, approximately 25 percent of the swab samples that are submitted for testing are positive. In the suburban communities outside of New York, approximately 10 percent of the swabs submitted are positive. So, the virus is everywhere. And in New York, we know that we are in the exponential growth phase of the epidemic.Looking back at what has transpired throughout the world, we saw the first wave hit China; the second wave hit South Korea, Italy, and Iran; and then, trailed by only about a week or so, France, Germany, Spain, and the U.S. We all know that China went through a period of great devastation. It has over 80,000 cases. Italy is rapidly catching up, with over 31,000 cases. We suspect that in the U.S. this will rapidly sweep from the coastal regions and it will hit middle America. It is already there, but we will see exponential growth very, very soon. Then of course we are all worried about what would happen when this epidemic strikes places like Africa and India where the health care system is less developed.Can you tell us about the pathology of the disease?COVID-19 typically causes fever and a dry cough. One may have aches in the body—the muscles—and if it's severe enough, there would be shortness of breath due to pneumonia.Gastrointestinal symptoms can occur and are an indication of more severe disease. It's not very common to have a runny nose or the sniffles, and a sore throat is not common either.The incubation period from exposure to onset of symptoms is between four and six days; and if you want to cover 95–98 percent of the cases it is between three and 10 days. It's pretty rare to have an incubation period outside of that range.What in particular makes this virus so dangerous?What is disturbing is that virus shedding, as detected in the mouth or nose, is very, very common and could be there prior to onset of symptoms. That's why transmission could occur from asymptomatic individuals. And virus shedding could continue for days up to three weeks after a person recovers. That is extremely worrisome for the spread of this virus. Furthermore, the stability of this virus is worrisome as well. If you put it in aerosol form and keep it in the air, the half-life is several hours; if you drop it on surfaces of copper or cardboard, it could survive about a day. But if it's on steel or plastic surfaces, you could still detect infectious virus after 72 hours, although the infectivity decreases with time.What do we know about the biology of the virus?The virus is highly related to another coronavirus called SARS coronavirus. That was another outbreak that occurred worldwide 17-18 years ago, and largely in China and Asia.The two viruses are about 80 percent identical. We know the origin of SARS was from a bat through an intermediary animal called the civet cat.Another virus called Middle Eastern Respiratory Virus, MERS, also originated in bats and infected camels, and camels passed it to humans. For COVID-19, we believe the original host must be a bat species, because that animal carries a virus that's 97 percent identical to what we're seeing now.Because of the SARS outbreak and the MERS outbreak, and research done on those two pathogens, we actually know quite a bit about coronaviruses.The outbreak began in China; how have they been dealing with the virus?This epidemic was first identified in a few cases with pneumonia in December 2019. In retrospect, there were scattered cases in November according to Chinese officials. I would say that initially there were missteps and lack of transparency that contributed to the explosive outbreak in the city of Wuhan in the central province of Hubei. That epidemic in central China accounts for 85 percent of the confirmed cases in China. It led Beijing officials to quarantine the entire province of 50 million people. The epidemic peaked in early February with 4,000 newly diagnosed cases each day. But since the lockdown and the various draconian measures applied, the number of new cases each day has been declining by half every week, and remarkably it's now down to about 20 per day. The rest of China's other provinces also applied very harsh measures and they indeed successfully flattened the curve outside of Hubei province.We know what they've done is not sustainable and the question is: What is China going to do now if it relaxes the infection control measures? Some of the recovered patients are still shedding virus and now China is surrounded by sick neighbors. Surely if they open up their borders, infection will come in the same way it came into the U.S. The world is waiting to see what China is going to do.Now in terms of the U.S., we obviously are undergoing exponential growth. The 10,400 confirmed cases is a gross underestimate. The lack of testing is embarrassing. It's an outright failure in leadership.What are the tests we need to detect coronavirus infection?Everybody's talking about testing and that's actually referring to PCR [polymerase chain reaction] testing, looking for viral RNA to determine whether a person is infected. But there's still no talk of antibody testing to determine which people have had it and are immune, and that is another crucial tool we need to combat this epidemic. Many research labs throughout the country—I'm sure at Caltech too—could be running antibody tests right now to survey the population and tell us what the real penetrance of this pathogen is in our communities. We are, on a research basis, embarking on that to understand the degree of infection in New York City and outside of New York City.How long before the U.S. sees test availability similar to what South Korea has implemented?The PCR testing, which is the one that's approved, is now ramping up very, very rapidly in state and local labs as well as in academic medical centers and in the commercial sector. Their production will grow tremendously. Roche has a machine that will run 1,000 samples at a time. If you go to a commercial lab, they take a swab, they package it, they quite often send it to another facility somewhere else. The turnaround time is typically 72 hours. In that period, it's very, very hard to manage patients and their contacts. It's a nightmare for the healthcare worker.We need point-of-care tests. Those kinds of tests are available for HIV and for many other diseases; you use a finger stick, drop the blood on a small device, and have a readout in 15 minutes. These tests measure antibody response to the virus and are extremely useful. Yet we don't have a single test licensed in the U.S. In China, in South Korea, and in Europe, those tests are used. The manufacturer for this rapid test is producing a million a day. It's there. But in the name of protecting the public, the FDA has moved very, very slowly. That delay, in my view, has caused more harm than good.Can you elaborate on point-of-care testing?It's almost like a home pregnancy test or home HIV test. These tests have been around for a long time. The test that I'm specifically referring to, coming out of China, South Korea, and approved in Europe, is an antibody test. You put a drop of blood on a plastic slide, add another drop of the buffer that comes with the test, and you let it sit for 15 minutes. Then, you look at the bands. You're negative if you have just one band, or you're positive if you have more than one band. The test also tells you type of antibody. There's a type of antibody called IgG [immunoglobulin G] and another type called IgM [immunoglobulin M]. Typically, when a person is infected, the IgM response is earlier and the IgG response is later. The two bands indicate the course of the infection.This kind of test is available all over the world for HIV. The technology is there, the tests are there. But they're not FDA approved. While I think they are fairly close to being approved, we have let several weeks go by and to me that's tragic.Will this coronavirus be seasonal?Everyone is asking whether this virus is here to stay. Initially, just based on what China did with SARS long ago, there was hope that warmer weather and more sunlight would help kill the virus in our environment and therefore lower the probability of transmission.But now this virus has gained such a strong foothold in the human population. It's already 25 times larger than SARS and it's already embedded in the Southern hemisphere. If you look at Australia, South Africa, Argentina, Brazil, there are cases there already, and community transmission is occurring. As the weather changes, perhaps the Northern hemisphere will gain an advantage. But the epidemic in the Southern hemisphere is going to accelerate.The long-term outcome may resemble influenza so that we have seasonal bouts, with the virus bouncing back and forth between the Northern and Southern hemispheres. This is of course just speculation, but that's what we see with influenza.Why does COVID-19 have less impact on children and more impact on the elderly?Well, the latter part is easy. Older people generally do less well with all sorts of respiratory infections, including influenza and SARS. So that's just the typical scenario we see. The children, however, are a mystery. As you know, children typically get flu or other respiratory viruses very quickly and bring them home to infect the parents. But in this particular case, the number of children infected in China, after extensive studies, don't seem to indicate that this is the case for this coronavirus.Some people seem to show mild symptoms while others have a more severe experience. Has the virus already mutated?RNA viruses all replicate with low fidelity. Mutations occur at pretty similar rates and these viruses typically don't have proofreading functions. In contrast, we replicate our DNA with high fidelity and we have a proofreading function to fix the errors. So, every time they replicate, there's a fixed rate of mutation. This virus is mutating but it has mutated very little so far. There are differences but probably they are functionally not important, so that's not the explanation for why you see different disease courses among the infected.For HIV it's the same thing: 10 people could be infected by the same strain but you have very different outcomes. With HIV, genetics and environmental factors play a role. Some of the genetics has been worked out; we know that there are certain tissue types that would protect and others that would harm. I suspect it's the same here.Once you become infected with the virus, can you get it again?There are a few anecdotes from China about re-infection but, if you look at those reports carefully, they're not well-documented. It could be that folks just continued to shed virus from the initial infection. Only one study was formally done and it is not a human study. It's a macaque study. They infected macaques with this virus, then waited until the monkeys recovered and tried to re-infect them. They could not. This just came out in the past few days. That bodes well for human immunity.We have now looked at a lot of serum from convalescent individuals and those serum samples have antibodies against the so-called spike protein of the virus. That's the protein that sits on the surface of the virus particle. By tightly binding, the antibody could neutralize the virus. Once an infected person develops antibodies, there should be protective immunity for quite some time. That's why we need to buy time for immunity to develop in the population.After a person recovers from the virus, how long are they still contagious?That's a very important question. We're not sure; one individual in China was shown to have persistent virus shedding for over a month. But typically, we're looking at a three-week period from onset of symptoms.What should we be doing to limit the spread of this epidemic?The social distancing and good hygiene strategies have been successfully applied, in South Korea for example, to bring their epidemic down. They're the only other country that has flattened the curve—slowed down the number of new infections to not overwhelm the healthcare system—and gradually brought this epidemic under control. There are many places that have done a pretty good job of not allowing the epidemic to explode, such as Taiwan and Hong Kong. These are places that had quite a bit of experience in fighting SARS, 17 years ago.Are you optimistic that these measures combined with research will be enough to combat the coronavirus?I personally believe we will blunt this epidemic, but I think we wasted a good four to six weeks largely because of lack of testing and lack of a certain preparedness. But I think we could still make a difference and bring it under control with very harsh measures.But again, are these measures sustainable? We've got to expect that businesses must reopen and schools must teach again. Whether it's travel or sports or live entertainment, we're going to have to return to some semblance of normalcy. But what are the measures that are effective and sustainable? That's a question we as a society have to deal with. We need to buy time so that gradually the population will have a degree of immunity.Most importantly, we need to buy time to allow science to deliver solutions. We're going to have to develop drugs, antibodies, and vaccines. I think the mobilization by the scientific community, from my perspective, is amazing. So many people have mobilized and jumped on this and are contributing, from discovering small-molecule drugs that could block various enzymes of this virus to coming up with antibodies that could neutralize the virus. Researchers have already come up with a few promising chemicals that could be a good start to drug development. There are already a few neutralizing antibodies isolated from infected individuals; my own group is in the midst of doing all that.And, of course, people are working on vaccines. A lot of companies are working on vaccines and those vaccines are at various stages. A couple are within weeks of entering human testing and that's quite, quite remarkable. There is one thing about vaccines, though: Some of the experiments previously done on SARS suggested that when animals developed antibodies and then were given the virus, they had greater lung injury due to the presence of the antibodies. The scientific community would have to resolve that issue quickly and its resolution would either halt the current approaches or unleash them to move full speed ahead. We certainly will take a part in doing that. I think we have the real possibility that COVID-19 may become a fact of life until science comes through as it has done for past epidemics.This is going to take some time. But I'm very confident that the science will rise to the task and provide a solution. But it's not going to be a few months as our president suggests. It's going to be much longer than that. I would say 18 months, or 24 months. I think we are all facing tough challenges ahead."],["topImageUrl",null],["error",null]]}]}],["text","一位北醫畢業目前在紐約當住院醫師的張銘凱醫師寫照顧COVID-19經驗，寫得非常棒，跟大家分享這篇文章：\n[經驗分享]\n我在紐約市的公立醫院擔任內科住院醫師即將完訓，七月開始會做美國感染科次專訓練。目前紐約災情慘重，我所在醫院確診加疑似病人就超過一百人，我這段其間都在顧ICU因此對於重症COVID的照顧也算有心得，我至少照顧過超過20位以上之住院病人，因為在ICU的關係大部分病人都插管，到目前為止，我應該比許多台灣醫生有武漢新冠肺炎治療之實戰經驗。因為台灣目前防疫做的非常好，多半輕症或無症狀隔離，但是我們隨時要準備如果已經是社區流行，那作為醫生該如何care這些病人，因此做個簡單的分享與教學，所以講解的對象應該是以臨床第一線之醫師或NP為主。但我要說很多evidence都不斷更新，以下是盡量有所依據的臨床處理方式，reference就不一一列舉，有些我可能覺得是一般臨床工作者應有的基本概念也許就沒有多加說明，如造成閱讀上不順暢，也請多多包涵。\n\n#流病學:相信台灣臨床醫生現在非常仰賴旅遊史畢竟沒有大規模社區感染，但是我要提醒的是如果有天已經大流行，旅遊史可能不是那麼重要了，懷疑就該驗。美國之前CDC一直很在意旅遊史而不隨意驗，結果後來發現根本大流行已經來不及了。在大爆發之前，可能會有一個空窗期就是很多原本我們以為低感染風險而沒有驗到的人，他們其實已經可能被感染。此外年輕人或沒有病史病人也非常多，這是在過去醫院前所未見的。在美國輕症就算陽性也不會住院讓他們回家，所以我所看到是真正的病人，我們已經擴充非常多病房了，但是病人真的很多，感染力真的很強要小心！至今我們已經有三個住院醫師中獎了。\n\n#臨床表現:除了發燒咳等呼吸道症狀，還常有拉肚子等GI症狀，我要特別提醒很多病人會有\"味覺失調或消失\"的症狀，這不是鼻塞引起的味覺降低。很多文獻少提味覺問題，但是一定要注意，這可能是一個sign就該檢驗。此外有些病人會表達胸痛，不一定就是很嚴重的myocarditis，就純粹是無法解釋的胸痛，但還是會建議驗一下CPK/Trop。這個病毒的潛伏期根據我看到的paper，大概平均是五天多，當然最長可能兩個禮拜，不過我現在講的是一個常態分佈的結果，你要算到最嚴苛標準，也許就兩個禮拜，但是平均還是五天多，所以你如果有接觸史，過了一個禮拜還是沒發病，你大概就safe了。\n\n#抽血:CBC(不一定會leukocytosis，反而容易lymphocytopenia and or thrombocytopenia), 常transaminitis(GOT/GPT高)。我們會大概三天監測一次Ferritin, ESR/CRP, LDH, D-dimer來觀察對藥物反應。基本blood culture, HIV, urine Legionella/strep pneumonia最好也住院時驗一下排除其他問題。\n\n#影像:CXR bilateral infiltrations。相信大家一定常常不知道病人什麼問題但是看到CXR有點白白髒髒就當肺炎收進來打抗生素住院(其實可能根本不明顯)。我要說的是這些COVID住院病人，不會只是CXR微微白白髒髒，而是一看就是明顯兩側蔓延，在我住院醫師期間真的從來沒有看到那麼多CXR都是長這個樣子的，現在我幾乎可以看到CXR就診斷。至於CT chest雖然比較清楚，但是我認為不需要，因為大部分CXR就很明顯了，加上抽血上述markers等等就算PCR還沒有等到就可以很有把握診斷了。安排CT chest只會讓醫院感控暴露風險(因為機器要大消毒，浪費時間也可能使真正需要CT的人沒辦法照到)\n\n#氧氣治療方面:如果有SOB or hypoxia，當然要監測O2 sat.一開始nasal cannula, simple mask 下一個nonrebreather mask，中間不要試BiPAP/CPAP/High flow NC你就要early intubation了！因為BiPAP等會有把病毒釋放出來空氣傳播的風險。而且COVID病人desaturation or decompensation進展真的非常快！sat keep不住就要early intubation。另外不要使用neubulizer等會霧化的藥物治療，如需支氣管闊張劑可以用MDI手壓的pump。另外ARDS常用的臥趴姿勢prone position效果感覺非常好，病人一prone血氧真的會稍微提升，有些病人甚至沒有被插管的，血氧稍微差一點的我們就會叫他趕快趴著!還真的很有用。很多插管病人我們也會給他prone，我看討論串好像台灣不是很喜歡prone因為很耗費護理師人力，不過至少我在我們醫院我看到是一大早三個主治醫師就一起合力把病人翻姿勢，其實美國醫師工作也是很辛苦的。\n\n#藥物治療:\n\n1.我知道很多診所喜歡開類固醇給\"感冒\"的病人，但是絕對要避免因為類固醇有延長viral shedding的副作用，之前在MERS等病人的研究也是類固醇壞處大於好處，因此使用類固醇除非是有其indication才用(例如septic shock等等)。\n\n2.高劑量Statin似乎有研究對防止病毒結合有幫助，因此如果LFT, CK允許可以考慮使用(lipitor 40 or 80, etc)。\n\n3.Litonavir愛滋病藥物nejm已經發表確定沒用。\n\n4.在美國我們幾乎每個病人都會給hydroxychloroquine(400mg bid for a day, then 200mg bid for 4 days)會影響lysosome fusion抑制病毒, 使用藥物前一定要EKG，如果QTc>500就不要用。我們醫院現在不加azithromycin了因為兩個一起用會延長QTc就有致死案例。對於法國研究Hydroxychloroquine+azithro很好但是我保持樂觀態度，那個研究病人量很少(n=21)，而且我實際臨床經驗覺得幫助好像有限，但是因為in vitro研究有效，我們還是會給病人就是了！\n\nCOVID似乎會跟其他呼吸道病毒一起co-infection所以還是要驗一下flu, 但是如果flu negative也不需要給tamiflu因為對covid無效。除了病毒還常bacterial superinfection，所以我們幾乎還是會給抗細菌抗生素，macrolide or levofloxacin擔心prolong QT所以我們醫院現在給doxycycline。記得驗一下Urine Legionella因為跟covid一樣都常有GI症狀。\n\n5.Remdesivir在美國第一個case就是靠這個治好的，各國都在臨床試驗中，我個人很看好，我們醫院也要開始實驗這個了...\n\n6.日本藥favipiravir聽說也很成功但是因為我在美國比較不熟。\n\n7.很多COVID病人為什麼這麼sick，明明年輕人卻full blown ARDS比老人更嚴重，因為很多是cytokine release syndrome的關係。所以IL-6 inhibitor如tocilizumab or sarilumab本來治rheumatoid arthritis的生物製劑或許也有用。現階段也還在臨床試驗中，可以抽血IL-6監測。聽說MGH用tocilizumab，而我的醫院也要開始臨床試驗sarilumab\n\n#Code status：COVID大部分還是胸腔性疾病，很多就是插管呼吸器ARDS mode來治療，因此插管是很重要的環節。但是有些運氣不是很好的病人，多重器官衰竭等等突然coded需要CPR的情況，這對醫療團隊來說是暴露極高風險甚至多半可能徒勞。我認為有必要一開始就要跟病人談好DNR，這不代表就要DNI，該插管還是要插管，但是真的不幸心跳停止等，要量力而為。\n\n#醫院管理：至少在紐約我們的物資設備都輸台灣很多也嚴重不足，不過也許可以給台灣要是不幸疫情大爆發做個借鏡。現在醫院幾乎都是COVID病人，也不可能一人一間病房了，因此直接把COVID病人直接放在同一間房間，反正都得病了也不怕被感染了。不過還是建議最好病房的門是有窗戶的至少從外面看進去可以知道病人好不好，而且就我剛剛所說，病人原本可能好好的就突然血氧掉非常喘需要趕快插管，每個住院病人真的像未爆彈。另外ICU病人因為常常有很多pump點滴，護理師要一直進出隔離房不方便穿脫PPE，可以考慮直接把pump放在房間外面，點滴線延長出去就好，這樣如果護理師要調sedation or pressors等等就可以不用進入房間更改設定。\n\n#國家防疫：現階段台灣防疫做很好，還在containment的階段，就是把最有可能的人抓出來隔離，但是對於平均每個個案的隔離成本很高，國家也很不容易控制，目前台灣有兩百多的個案，但是某天要是慢慢累積好幾百個病人甚至破千，我們也許就要調整策略，因為把全部只要是陽性的病人都抓到醫院關那是不可能的，台灣沒有那麼多的醫療能量，也不能這樣浪費，而且輕症染病的病人，要多久PCR會轉陰性，我還沒看到研究統計出來，應該也很少人會做這樣研究，因為很少國家會像台灣如此嚴格標準檢疫隔離的，就好像今天得influenza A，如果不太嚴重也是讓病人回家，病癒就是病癒，一般醫師也不會再重複flu swab；同樣如果有C.diff病人，把PO Vanc的療程吃完沒有再拉肚子，你也是當作好了不會再去驗糞便。個人覺得台灣可以把輕症病人平均多久時間PCR轉陰性做個統計發表研究。我最近看了世界著名病毒學專家何大一博士的專訪([https://www.caltech.edu/about/news/tip-iceberg-virologist-david-ho-bs-74-speaks-about-covid-19?fbclid=IwAR1XVnPHq82gD97Y2Y06FkIFzAtNNfopnMgqa98fHAwX7WHzHGyBVbnZlIQ](https://www.caltech.edu/about/news/tip-iceberg-virologist-david-ho-bs-74-speaks-about-covid-19?fbclid=IwAR1XVnPHq82gD97Y2Y06FkIFzAtNNfopnMgqa98fHAwX7WHzHGyBVbnZlIQ)) 個人覺得這篇寫得不錯，裡面他就有寫到目前也不知道陽性的病人過多久後才不會有傳染力，他說猜測大概三週。至於已經得過COVID的病人之後會不會再重複感染，他是覺得應該是不會，也就是現在所有的防疫工作，就是在爭取時間讓疫苗可以製造出來讓群體都可以有保護效果。現階段幾乎的國家都大爆發，就不可能像台灣還在containment的防疫階段，因為你要假設所有人都有可能是病人，那能做的就是#緩和曲線了flatten the curve，我覺得這個概念相當重要\n\n，基本上就是拖延戰術，減少不必要的社交和聚集，要social distancing，不必要的商業活動要停止，電影院酒吧夜店要關，餐廳只能外帶等等，這可以避免加速接觸感染，讓病人增加量不要達這麼快一下超出醫療能負荷的數量避免醫療崩壞，很多國家都在這麼做了，目前聽起來表現比較好的國家像是南韓，雖然他們一開始防疫沒有做好導致非常多人得病，但是經過大規模檢驗，還有避免出門要待在家等等，目前疫情也有和緩的趨勢，算是亡羊補牢，也不是不行。台灣目前表現全球數一數二，但是我們總是要做最壞的準備跟打算。\n\n#後記：沒想到一下就寫這麼多，這算是我第一線醫療工作者的紀實與經驗分享，目前紐約疫情雖然已嚴重崩壞，但實際上還只是開始而已不見緩和。不過美國參戰之後相信會有更多醫學研究與臨床治療準則可以參考，實際上也不完全是壞事。你問我會不會怕我每天也是提心吊膽的，都很怕生病，每天都要很注意自己的身體狀態，但偏偏美國住院醫師工時非常長(週休一日而已也沒有PM off)又不斷把我們明明不是在病房rotate的時候抓來上班取消我們的門診等等，我都盡量多休息有時間就睡覺保持免疫力。現在在醫院其實也是看到很多恐慌的面孔，我們醫院是公立醫院，平常病人多為社會最底層的人，吸毒的、遊民的、酗酒的，總之各種問題台灣一個比較健康的社會大概很難想像是一個怎麼樣的場所。不過最近因為COVID病人大爆發，我發現很多可能社會上的一般人或中產階級，他們可能是警察、可能是清潔工、就某天感染病毒生病了，這時候醫護站起來照顧他們治療他們，讓他們免於恐懼，這是作為醫學生涯也算比較榮光的時候，因為我們平常的訓練，就在這時候派上用場，也算是找到一點點行醫的意義跟價值。可以平安地活著其實就很好。目前台灣社會可以安全的生活著也真的很好。"],["id","ioxspw9mf0sf"],["createdAt","2020-03-29T01:46:42.817Z"]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["replyCount",2],["references",{"__iterable":"List","data":[{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["type","LINE"]]}]}],["replyRequestCount",3],["user",null],["hyperlinks",{"__iterable":"List","data":[{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","Red Wine With Onion"],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/RWO.htm"],["summary","洋蔥浸葡萄酒的驚人效果 Citrus Punch\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n洋蔥是一般家庭普通的食物，用以炸、炒、煲湯都很可口，也可配以生果和蔬菜做\n沙律，原來用作浸葡萄酒(紅酒)，更可治療很多我常見的病。\n\n筆者回港時一酒商朋友介紹，當時半信半疑，因他是做法酒入口酒的生意，可能是\n為了推銷他代理的紅酒，但他卻保證真的有這樣的療效，很多人都飲用，所以回到\n黃金海岸，便開始浸了瓶來試試，也把這個信息帶給大佬JOE，因其太座LILY和他有\n齊所有的病症，聽後大家不禁哈哈大笑。\n\n心想不用花多少錢，不妨一試，果然不試尤可，一試其功效十分顯著，連老伴也大\n讚好野。因不用晚間上廁所，而且發覺浸了洋蔥的紅酒入口更醇，更易入口，像筆\n者不懂飲酒的也可以飲用，通常筆者未試過就不敢寫出來，今次飲過之後覺得效果\n甚佳，就將其公開給大家，希望人人健康。\n\n\n\n\n\n材料： \n洋蔥2個，紅葡萄酒500毫升，1瓶普通紅葡萄酒酒配三個洋蔥。\n制法： \n一. 將洋蔥洗淨，去掉表面茶色外皮，切成八等份約半月形；\n二. 將洋蔥裝入玻璃瓶內，加入紅葡萄酒，(將剝下來的外皮也一起加入效果更\n\n好)；\n三. 將玻璃瓶蓋好密封，在陰涼地方放置約2至8日，(筆者覺得一星期最好)；\n\n\n四. 將玻璃瓶的洋蔥片，用濾網過濾後，洋蔥、酒分開裝入瓶中，放置在冰箱\n\n中冷藏。\n飲用方法： \n一. 每日約一杯(50毫升)，年紀大的人每次20毫升左右；\n二. 每日飲一至兩次；\n三. 浸過酒的洋蔥片一起食用更好；\n四. 不喝酒的人，可用兩倍左右的開水稀釋後飲用或每次倒入電鍋內煮約4至5分\n\n鐘，蒸發酒精後飲用。\n五. 若然喜歡甜的，可加入一點蜂蜜。\n \n\n看到這裏大家是否覺得很容易呢？究竟可以治那些病呢？讓筆者告訴大家，其功效\n\n對膝蓋疼痛、白內障、老人痴呆的效果相當驚人，日本非常流行。\n高血壓的患者，飲了之後血壓正常且安定，也會降低糖尿值，把血糖下降。\n\n* 最妙對老花眼也有很大的改善，飲用之後不用戴眼鏡也可以閱讀一般的周刊、\n\n雜誌。 \n\n* 每晚都要去幾次廁所的夜晚頻尿症，喝了兩天之後，不可思議的完全恢復正常。\n\n \n\n* 每天夜裏醒來，一直到天亮都不能再入睡的，不食安眠藥不能入睡的不眠症，飲\n\n用之後也會全消除。\n * 眼睛疲勞和模糊不清，喝了之後第二天就沒有問題了。 \n * 對幾乎無法治療的白尿症，尿會混濁的之後的也變得接近透明。 \n * 經常肚子會脹，非常痛苦的便秘症，喝了之後第二天便恢復正常排便。 \n\n以上這麼多的效，若然你的年齡在中年以上一定適合，花錢不多，有益功效顯著，\n\n不妨一試。\n實驗結果： \n原來是而此，信不信由您，依照份量飲，三五天見效\n夜裏甜蜜睡，惡夢冇跟隨，精神身體好，健步快如飛\n攻打四方城，手指靈活摔，延年兼益壽，命長精神爽\n討厭吃洋蔥嗎 ? 看看下面的文章，即使它再不可口，為了身體好，也請多\n\n多食用。關心自己也關心家裡的人喔！\n\n\n\n\n【\n\n洋蔥比骨質酥鬆症的藥有效\n\n】\n\n\n家庭主婦不愛用洋蔥做菜，處理時會讓人流眼淚，很多人也怕洋蔥味。除非是手藝\n高超的洋蔥料理，否則真的很難找到洋蔥的熱愛者。但是想要讓自己骨骼結實、身\n體長得高、預防骨質酥鬆症的人，最好還是乖乖地捏著鼻子吃洋蔥吧。因為權威期\n刊「自然」的最新研究報告指出，洋蔥是最能夠防止骨質流失的一種蔬菜。\n\n洋蔥預防骨質流失的效果，甚至比骨質酥鬆症治療藥品「calcitonin」還要好。研\n究人員讓雄性大白鼠每天吃一公克乾洋蔥，連續四週後，公白鼠的骨質平均增加了\n13.5-18%。另一組實驗則發現，讓大白鼠食用含有洋蔥的混合蔬菜，也能夠減少骨\n質流失問題。第三組實驗則是讓摘除卵巢的雌性大白鼠每天吃1.5公克的洋蔥，結果\n骨質流失的速率減少了25%。更值得注意的是，洋蔥的保健功效在短短12小時內就看\n得到了。\n\n研究人員認為，洋蔥的效果可能來自於「預防骨質流失」，因此想要利用洋蔥保健\n的人，每天可能要吃上200-300公克（10盎司）的洋蔥，才能夠預防骨質酥鬆症。醫\n食同源，在我們日常食物中，有很多蔬菜水果都具有藥物般的療效。像西餐裡少不\n了的配菜洋蔥，它對身體的好處簡直超乎想像。洋蔥炒蛋，或洋蔥炒牛肉，都是美\n味無比的健康菜；而洋蔥還可以用來生吃或榨汁喝，根據醫學實驗，它更能發揮多\n種神奇療效。\n\n\n\n\n【\n\n洋蔥可以預防膽固醇過高\n\n】\n\n\n\n據哈佛醫學院心臟科教授克多格爾威治博士指出，每天生吃半個洋蔥，或喝等量的\n洋蔥汁，平均可增加心臟病人約30%的HDL含量（HDL為高密度脂蛋白膽固醇，一種被\n認為有助於預防動脈粥狀硬化的膽固醇，也是一種的好的膽固醇。）每天生吃半個\n洋蔥，或喝等量的洋蔥汁，以保護心臟，這原是個民間偏方，\n\n\n\n【\n\n洋蔥可以分解脂肪\n\n】\n\n\n克多博士在自己的診所裡對病人進行實驗，證明洋蔥確有提升好膽固醇的療效，不\n過洋蔥煮得越熟，越不具效果。　uu12288 克多博士讓診所裡的心臟病人每天吃\n洋蔥，結果發現洋蔥裡所含的化合物也能阻止血小板凝結，並加速血液凝塊溶解。\n所以，當你享用高脂肪食物時，最好能搭配些許洋蔥，將有助於抵銷高脂肪食物引\n起的血液凝塊；所以說牛排通常搭配洋蔥一起吃，是很有道理的。\n\n\n\n【\n\n洋蔥可以預防胃癌\n\n】\n\n\n洋蔥和大蒜、大蔥、韭菜這些蔥屬蔬菜，因含有抗癌的化學物質，據研究人員在中\n國山東省一個胃癌罹患率很高的地方所做的調查發現，當洋蔥吃得越多，得胃癌的\n機率就越低。\n\n\n\n【\n\n洋蔥可以對抗哮喘\n\n】\n\n\n洋蔥含有至少三種抗發炎的天然化學物質，可以治療哮喘。由於洋蔥可以抑制組織\n胺的活動，而組織胺正是一種會引起哮喘過敏症狀的化學物質；據德國的研究，洋\n蔥可以使哮喘的發作機率降低一半左右。\n\n\n\n【\n\n洋蔥可以治療糖尿病\n\n】\n\n\n很久以前，洋蔥就被用來治療糖尿病，到了現代，醫學也證明洋蔥確實能夠降血糖；\n而且不論生食或熟食，都同樣有效果。原來洋蔥裡有一種抗糖尿病的化合物，類似\n常用的口服降血糖劑甲磺丁胺，具有刺激胰島素合成及釋放的作用。\n\n\n\n\n【\n\n洋蔥還有其他多種療效\n\n】\n\n\n洋蔥的妙用還不止上述這些，在日常生活中，洋蔥還可用來防治失眠：將切碎的洋\n蔥放置於枕邊，洋蔥特有的刺激成分，會發揮鎮靜神經、誘人入眠的神奇功效。感\n冒的時候，喝加了洋蔥的熱味噌湯，很快就可發汗退燒。如果鼻塞，以一小片洋蔥\n抵住鼻孔，洋蔥的刺激氣味，會促使鼻子瞬間暢通起來。如果咳嗽，以紗布包裹切\n碎的洋蔥，覆蓋於喉嚨到胸口，也可以很快抑制咳嗽。攝取高鈣就能防止骨質的流\n失嗎？骨折雖不像得了癌症或愛滋病那麼令人感到震驚與絕望，但有不少老年人本\n來身體還蠻硬朗，然而一旦發生了骨折，突然活動量銳減，身體狀況急速下降，甚\n至有些人沒在下床或下輪椅而走了。 \n\n骨質流失是一種不會痛，甚至也沒有感覺的生理現象，常一直到發生骨折或去測骨\n質密度才突然發現骨骼已經變得那麼的疏鬆了。骨骼與其他之組織不大一樣，它由\n『造骨細胞』和『破骨細胞』來分別擔任其『新陳』和『代謝』。當造骨細胞之活\n性大過破骨細胞時，骨骼會增長、增大或增加其密度；反之，則變得更疏鬆。 \n\n骨骼的建造乃是先以膠原蛋白構成立體網狀之基質，然後再由鈣、鎂、鋅、磷、氟\n等化合物與膠原蛋白結合，添充在其空洞中，但破骨細胞也一直不斷地分解這些基\n質與礦物質。飲食中所攝取的鈣質是否有機會存到骨骼中而使骨骼加長（身高加長\n或骨質變得更緻密？其必須通過兩關的考驗，第一是其吸收率，如所攝取的鈣質不\n易被吸收，所攝取的鈣大多還是由糞便中排掉。因此衛生署公告的「健康食品之改\n善骨質疏鬆功能評估方法」的第一項測定即以其吸收率來作為評估指標，如某一食\n品之鈣吸收率能明顯高過一般最普遍用來做為食品添加物的碳酸鈣（CaCO3）時，可\n視為一健康食品。 \n\n第二是所吸收進入血液的鈣質是否能存入骨骼中？許多人誤會以為多吃鈣就一定可\n防止骨質流失，可惜答案並非是肯定的。即使部分鈣被吸收了，還是要加上負重或\n抗阻力運動（游泳沒有幫助）來刺激甲狀腺分泌「降鈣素」（Calcitonin），它可\n加強造骨細胞之活性，而才能將血鈣有效的存到骨骼中。 \n\n因此，長期臥床的病人，即使攝取易吸收之高鈣，骨質還是會流失很厲害，因此在\n幫他翻身時，常一不小心就會發生骨折。其實每天睡到天亮，快起床時，常破骨細\n胞的活性或大過造骨細胞，因此，如您怕會有骨質疏鬆症，除了多攝取優質的鈣之\n外，別忘了也要常做負重（在不傷到關節之範圍內）的運動。"],["topImageUrl","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/rwo.gif"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","HOW TO SURVIVE A HEART ATTACK ALONE"],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/HAS.htm"],["summary","HOW TO SURVIVE A HEART ATTACK ALONE\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nIf everyone who gets this sends it to 10 people, you can bet that we'll \nsave at least one life. Let's say it's 6: 15 p. m. and you're driving home \n(alone of course), after an unusually hard day on the job. You're really \ntired, upset and frustrated. Suddenly, you start experiencing severe pain \nin your chest that starts to radiate out into your arm and up into your \njaw. You are only about five miles from the hospital nearest your home; \nunfortunately you don't know if you'll be able to make it that far. What \ncan you do? You've been trained in CPR but the guy that taught the course \nneglected to tell you how to perform it on yourself. Since many people are \nalone when they suffer a heart attack, this article seemed to be in order. \n\n\nWithout help, the person whose heart stops beating properly and who begins \nto feel faint, has only about 10 seconds left before losing consciousness. \nHowever, these victims can help themselves by coughing repeatedly and very \nvigorously. A deep breath should be taken before each cough. The cough must \nbe deep and prolonged, as when producing sputum from deep inside the chest. \nAnd a cough must be repeated about every 2 seconds without let up until help \narrives, or until the heart is felt to be beating normally again. Deep breaths \nget oxygen into the lungs and coughing movements squeeze the heart and keep \nthe blood circulating. The squeezing pressure on the heart also helps it \nregain normal rhythm. In this way, heart attack victims can get to a hospital.\n \n\nTell as many other people as possible about this, it could save their lives! \n\nFrom Health Cares, Rochester General Hospital via Chapter 240s newsletter \nAND THE BEAT GOES ON . . . \n\n(reprint from The Mended Hearts, Inc. publication, Heart Response) \n\n\n\n自己的CPR方法\n\n\n\n假設現在時刻是下午五點五十分，忙忙碌碌的你上了一整天的班，正在開車回家的\n路上(當然是一個人囉！)。突然，你感到胸口有一股劇痛，並且開始漫延到手臂和\n下巴。可是，離最近的醫院大概還有五公里遠。更糟糕的是，你自己都不知道能不\n能撐得了那麼遠。怎麼辦？以前曾經受過心肺複甦術CPR訓練，但是教課老師並沒教\n你怎麼自己給自己做急救的方法。獨處時，心臟病發作急救術--(許多人心臟病發\n作時，四周沒有旁人，因此，學會能自己給自己做簡單的心肺複甦術是非常重要的。\n)\n\n一個人若是心臟不能正常跳動，並且開始感到快要昏過去時，他大概只有十秒鐘的\n時間，然後就會失去知覺，不省人事。若是四周沒有旁人能幫忙急救，患者要立刻\n把握這十秒鐘的短暫時間自己救自己。要不停咳嗽！用力的咳！每一次咳嗽前，都\n要先深吸一大口氣。然後，用力地、深深地、長長地咳，好像要把胸腔深處的痰咳\n出來一般。每間隔大約兩秒鐘，要做一次吸、一次咳，一直要做到救護趕到時，或\n者已經感到心跳恢復正常，才能休息。做深呼吸的目的是要把氧氣吸進肺部，咳嗽\n的目的則是要以這個動作壓擠心臟，進而促進血液循環。對心臟的擠壓也可以幫它\n恢復正常脈搏。如此急救，可以讓心臟病發作患者有機會打電話求救，或者在每次\n氣間呼救。\n\n救人一命，勝造七級浮屠。請大家把這個自我心肺複甦急救術告訴他人，或再影印\n分發。說不定就因此救了您的家人、親戚、朋友、同事、左鄰右舍或任何個不管您\n認識或不認識的人一命。"],["topImageUrl","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/rwo.gif"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","Heart Attack Warning Signs"],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/HSS.htm"],["summary","Heart Attack Warning Signs\n\nSome\nheart attacks are sudden and intense -- the \"movie heart attack,\"\nwhere no one doubts what's happening. But most heart attacks start slowly, with\nmild pain or discomfort. Often people affected aren't sure what's wrong and\nwait too long before getting help. Here are signs that can mean a heart attack\nis happening:\n\n\n Chest discomfort. Most heart attacks involve discomfort in\n the center of the chest that lasts more than a few minutes, or that goes\n away and comes back. It can feel like uncomfortable pressure, squeezing,\n fullness or pain. \n Discomfort in other areas of the upper body. Symptoms can include pain or discomfort in\n one or both arms, the back, neck, jaw or stomach. \n Shortness of breath. This feeling often comes along with chest\n discomfort. But it can occur before the chest\n discomfort. \n Other signs: These may include breaking out in a cold sweat, nausea or lightheadedness \n \n\n\n\n\nAlso, see \n\nA Serious Note About Heart Attacks\n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nStroke Warning Signs\n\n\n\nThe American Stroke\nAssociation says these are the warning signs of stroke:\n\n\n Sudden numbness or weakness of the face, arm or\n leg, especially on one side of the body \n Sudden confusion, trouble speaking or understanding \n \n Sudden trouble seeing in one or both\n eyes \n Sudden trouble walking, dizziness, loss of\n balance or coordination \n Sudden, severe headache with no known cause \n\n\n\n\nfrom The American Heart Association\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nAlso, see \n\n\nStroke identification"],["topImageUrl","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/rwo.gif"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","Health Page"],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/STR.htm"],["summary","一朋友在室外燒烤會時突然跌倒﹐眾人緊張關心﹐要為她召救護車﹐她堅持是自己\n不慎失足﹐並不礙事。眾人繼續用餐。翌日﹐她丈夫來電說她昨天中風﹐昨晚送院\n不治﹐已不幸身亡。當時在場若有人能察覺她有中風的跡象﹐馬上把她送院救治﹐\n她可能有救。某腦科醫生說﹕中風的病人﹐如果在三小時內送院﹐成功醫治是很可\n能的。一般來說﹐察覺病人中風的跡象﹐並非容易。但遇上有常識的人﹐病人可會\n逃過死亡的一關。據醫生說在場人仕可以用以下三個測試方法判定病人是否中風﹕\n\n\n(一) 笑叫病人笑 ﹔\n(二) 講叫病人講話﹐說一些簡\n單句子 ﹔\n(三) 舉叫病人將雙手高舉 ﹔\n\n如果病人不能輕易做到上述的動作﹐便有中風的可能。另外叫病人伸出舌頭﹐留意\n條舌是否捲曲或者特別偏左或偏右。倘若有以上的疑點﹐應該馬上電九一一召救\n護車﹐並向接線生敘述你所觀察的情況。救人一命﹐勝做七級浮屠。\n\n \n\n\n\nMy friend sent this to me and encouraged me to post it and spread \nthe word, I agreed. If everyone can remember something this simple, \nwe could save some folks. Seriously . . . please read:\n\nDuring a BBQ, a friend stumbled and took a little fall - she assured \neveryone that she was fine (they offered to call paramedics) and just \ntripped over a brick because of her new shoes. They got her cleaned \nup and got her a new plate of food - while she appeared a bit shaken \nup, Ingrid went about enjoying herself the rest of the afternoon. \nIngrid's husband called later?saying that his wife had been taken to \nthe hospital and passed away. She had suffered a stroke at the BBQ. \nHad they known how to identify the signs of a stroke, perhaps Ingrid \nwould be with us today. Some stroke victims?don't die, they end up in \na helpless, hopeless condition instead. \n\nRead on...\n\nA neurologist says that if he can get to a stroke victim within three \nhours he can totally reverse the effects of a stroke . . . totally. He said \nthe trick was?having a stroke recognized, diagnosed and then getting \nthe patient medically cared for within three hours, which is tough. \u0014 \n\n\nRECOGNIZING A STROKE:\n \n\n\nThank God for the sense to remember the \"3\" steps. \n \nSometimes symptoms of a stroke are difficult to identify. \nUnfortunately, the lack of awareness spells disaster. The stroke \nvictim may suffer severe brain damage when people nearby fail to \nrecognize the symptoms of a stroke.\n \nNow doctors say a bystander can recognize a stroke by asking three \nsimple questions: \n \n\nS \n*Ask the individual to SMILE. \n \n\nT \n *Ask the person to TALK, to SPEAK A SIMPLE SENTENCE. \n\n \n\nR \n *Ask him or her to RAISE BOTH ARMS. \n \n \nAnother 'sign' of a stroke is this: Ask the person to 'stick' out \ntheir tongue . . . if the tongue is 'crooked', if it goes to one side or the \nother, that is also an indication of a stroke. \n\nIf he or she has trouble with any one of these tasks, call 911 \nimmediately and describe the symptoms to the dispatcher. \n \nA cardiologist says if everyone who gets this e-mail sends it to ten \npeople, you can bet at least one life will be saved? \n\nAlso, see\n \n \nStroke warning signs \n \n by American Stroke Association"],["topImageUrl","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/ShowLetter.jpg"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","S.H.M. Diet Program"],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/SHM.htm"],["summary","(\nChinese)\n\n\n\n \n\n\n\n\nS.H.M. Diet Program \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nIn the last century, human life expectancy has been up 30 years. This can be considered as the greatest accomplishment in human history for the past five thousand years. The \nnumber of centenarians from 1990 to 2000 has increased by 51%. \n\n\n\nThis weight loss program was established by The Sacred Heart Memorial \nHospital. It is designed for overweight heart patients to rapidly lose weight,\n usually before surgery.\nThe seven-day diet plan is on the basis of cleaning up the “polluted” \nbody systems by getting rid of excessive calories. If the program is followed \nwith discipline, after the 7th day, one can expect to lose 10 – 16 pounds \nwith a good physical feeling and noticeable health improvement. This program \ncan be repeated as needed. However, at the end of each 7th day, you must \nstop the soup for several days before restarting the cycle.\nDos and Don'ts\n\n\nEat vegetable, fruits and food that has high level of fiber \nDrink plenty of water \nDo not drink alcohol 24 hours prior to start of the program \nNo rice, sugar, alcohol or carbonated drinks (diet drinks inclusive) \nNo deep fried food (e.g., French fries, fried chicken, etc.) \nRoast duck or roast chicken can be used as a substitute beef but must \nremove skin \n\n\nBasic recipe (per meal):\n\nScallions: 8 plants \nTomatoes: 125 grams\nGarlic: 3 large ones\nGreen peppers: 2\nKorea lettuce: 1 large\nLipton mixed soup (with onion): 1 can\n\nAlternate recipe (per meal):\n\n\n\nScallions: 4 – 5 plants \nLarge garlic: 2 – 3 pieces\nGreen peppers: 3 \nTomatoes: 3\nCabbage: 1 small or half a large\nCarrots: 3 large\nCelery: one half plant\nKnorr's chicken broth mix artificial favor\nCut vegetables in small pieces. Cook recipe in strong heat with \nordinary amount of water for soup until vegetable is soft (approximately \n10 minutes). Add salt, pepper, curry or other spice as desired.\n\n\nDay 1: \n\n(low calorie day) \n\nFood: \nVegetable soup, basic or alternate from above and any amount of fruits (except \nbananas, cantaloupes, honeydews or any high calorie fruits.)\n\nDrink:\n water, tea (no sugar added)\n\n\nDay 2: \n\n(low calorie day) \n\nFood: \nVegetable soup, basic or alternate from above, other green vegetables (no \nsoy bean, broad bean or corn). No fruits. Optionally for dinner – one baked \npotato (whipped cream can be added) \nDrink:\n water, tea (no sugar added)\n\n\nDay 3: \n\n(low calorie day) \n\nFood: \nVegetable soup, basic or alternate from above and any amount of fruits and \ngreen vegetables. No baked potatoes.\nDrink:\n water, tea (no sugar added)\n\n\n\nDay 4: \n\n(high carbohydrate day)\n\nFood: \nSame as day 3. \nAlso eat 3 bananas. (Today you need potassium and carbohydrates).\n\nDrink:\nwater, tea (no sugar added). Also drink skim milk.\n\n\nDay 5: \n\n(high protein day):\n\nFood: \nVegetable soup, basic or alternate (at least once)\nEat beef (250 – 300 grams) and 8 fresh tomatoes.\n\nDrink:\nwater (at least 6 large glasses), tea (no sugar added). Also drink skim \nmilk.\n\n\n\nDay 6: \n\n(higher protein day)\n\nFood: \nVegetable soup, basic or alternate (at least once)\nEat any amount of beef (2 – 3 steaks) and green vegetables (broad leaves). \nNo baked potatoes. (Beef can be substituted by chicken, duck or steamed \nfish.)\n\nDrink:\nwater, tea (no sugar added). \n\n\nDay 7: \n\n: (low calorie day)\n\nFood: \nVegetable soup, basic or alternate (at least once)\nOther vegetables as desired \n\nDrink:\nwater, tea (no sugar), fruit juice (no sugar).\n\n \n \n\n\n\n \n\n \n\nmenu"],["topImageUrl","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/rwo.gif"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","Top 10 Nutrition recommendations"],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/10N.htm"],["summary",""],["topImageUrl","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/rwo.gif"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","(口臭湯) Bad Breath Remedial Soup"],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/BBS.htm"],["summary","董氏醫學研究中心 (中醫董進) \n\n\n\n\n\n\n筆者十數年前偶得一民間治口臭食療方，經常推薦給來診病者，屢試不爽，無往\n不利，大獲好評。驗方如下，各位不妨一試： \n\n\n\n青蘿蔔一個、\n豆腐二磚﹐\n煎白鯽魚一至二條﹐(如無白鯽，黑鯽魚亦可）﹐\n生薑三片﹐\n加水煲約二小時，取湯調味飲用。 \n此湯清潤、鮮甜、可口，凡屬肺熱，胃腸炎﹑ 化不良（偏熱症者）﹑鼻炎﹑肝炎\u0014\n等所致口臭者﹐皆適宜用﹐但屬寒症或病久體質潺弱者﹐則慎用或酌加少量白胡椒\n\n及陳皮﹐以中和湯中之寒性。 \n\n\n\n \n\n\nThe Bad Breath Remedial Soup \n\n\n\n\n\n\n [The following is the recipe translated from the above. Use of terms may vary.] \n\n\n\n1 piece of green turnip, \n2 pieces of tofu (bean curds), \n1 tilapia (or Japanese seaperch), pan fry it before preparing soup, \n\n3 slices of ginger. \nPut the above ingredients to a cook ware, add water, slowly cook for \nabout 2 hours. Add desirable amount of salt at your preferance. \n\n\n \n\n\n\n\n\n相關資料﹕\n\n\n\n防治鼻敏感食療 \n \n \n降膽固醇療方\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nRelated Topics:\n\n\n\n\nHay Fever Remedial Soup \n \nSoup to lower cholesterol"],["topImageUrl","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/rwo.gif"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","Pig's Feet with Ginger & Vinegar"],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/GV.htm"],["summary","See Article \n\non \nhealth benefits\n \n \n\n\n\nPig's Feet (Trotters) with Ginger & Vinegar\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n據中國民間流傳豬腳薑醋尤其對女性可以護顏補身。在農村是婦女產後必食之補品。\n\n現代的營養專家也認為醋豬腳含有豐富的膠原蛋白﹐對潤膚和抗老化有幫助。\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n\n[Recipe Translation]\nMaterials: \n (quantity good for 10 servings)\t\nSweet vinegar: approx. 5 quarts; Black sticky rice vinegar: 1 pint;\n pig's feet: 1 leg (knee down) cut into 10 or more small pieces; gingers: 6 pounds; \n10 eggs. \n\nSteps: \n\n1)\tPeel the gingers and slice them into pieces, wash and dry them with cloth, place them in a cookware with 4 quarts of sweet vinegar, (make sure that vinegar is enough to cover all gingers, add more vinegar if necessary), slow cook for 2 hours (or 1 hour if ginger shoots are used). \n2)\tSeparately boil water with pig's feet in for 2 - 5 minutes. Cool off pig's feet with running cold water. Drip dry for later use.\n3)\tSeparately boil eggs and remove the egg shell. Place them in the cooking vinegar for 30 minutes. Place them aside for later use.\n4)\tAfter 2 hours for step (1), add pig's feet (prepared in step (2), black rice vinegar and the rest of sweet vinegar to cook them for another 30 minutes. Finally add the cooked eggs (step 3). Done. \n\nNote: \n\n\tUse ceramics, porcelain, or glass cookware to cook vinegar. (Avoid metal cookware). The soup should not last for more than 5 days. If need to, refrigerate, and re-cook the soup at least once a week.\n\n\n\n\n\n \n\n \n\nmenu"],["topImageUrl","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/ginger_vinegar_i.gif"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","Heart and Blood Nourishing Food"],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/HBDD.htm"],["summary","魚﹕\n \t帶魚﹐銀魚﹐鯉魚﹐三文魚 ... (含鈣﹑鋅﹑碘﹑鐵﹑錳)\n \t海魚儘量少去鱗﹐洗凈魚肚中的鰾即可煮食\n\n洋蔥﹕\t(補鈣﹐降壓)\t\n\n蝦皮﹕\t(高鈣) - 即乾毛蝦\n\n大蒜﹕\t(“生長地上的抭生素”)\n\n蔥﹕\t(高鈣﹑鉀)\t\n\n番茄﹕\t(涼血平肝﹐清熱解毒)\n\n茄子﹕\t(“心血管之友”)\n\n枸杞﹕\t(“野蔬珍品”)\n\n芹菜﹕\t(杜甫﹕“鮮鯽銀絲膾﹐香芹碧潤羹”。\n宜吃根﹑莖﹑葉。)\n\n茼蒿\n\t(降壓﹐補腦。唐孫思邈收載於“千金方”為清心養血之良藥)\n\n此外﹐ 還有﹕\n菠菜﹐莧菜﹐韭菜﹐白菜﹐油菜﹐\n冬瓜﹐苦瓜﹐絲瓜﹐南瓜﹐黃瓜﹐青椒﹐\n腐竹﹐豌豆﹐綠豆﹐豆腐﹐黃豆芽﹐綠豆芽﹐\n西瓜﹐香蕉﹐蘋果﹐柿子﹐柑橘﹐梨﹐\n山渣﹐香菇﹐磨菇﹐木耳﹐銀耳﹐\n海帶﹐海藻﹐紫菜﹐海蔘﹐淡菜﹐\n茨菇﹐馬鈴薯﹐地瓜﹐玉米﹐胡蘿蔔﹐\n花生﹐西瓜子﹐葵瓜子﹐核桃﹐紅棗﹐芝麻﹐\n蜂蜜﹐牛奶﹐醋\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n[Translation]\n\nHeart healthy and excellent nourishing food \n\n\ncan help in regulate heart beat, high blood pressure, cholesterol and diuretic \n\n\n\nFish: - \nCutlass fish, silver fish, carp, salmon. . . (contain calcium, zinc, iron, manganese, iodine) \n * Fish need scaled, washed thoroughly in the belly area) \n\nOnion: - \n (contains calcium, lowers blood pressure) \n\nShrimp: - \n (high calcium) - the dried skinny shrimps\n\nGarlic: - \n (\"antibiotics grown on the ground\") \n\nOnion: - \n (calcium, potassium) \n\nTomato: - \n (benefits blood cells, liver) \n\nEggplant: - \n (\"Friends of heart, artery and vessels\") \n\nWolfberry: - \n (\"wild plant treasures\") \n\nCelery: - \n (roots ?stems and leaves are edible.) \n\nGarland chrysanthemum: - \n (nourish the heart, good for the brain and can lower high blood pressure) \n\nIn addition, there are: \n\nSpinach, amaranth, chives, cabbage, \n\ngourd, bitter gourd, sponge gourd, pumpkin, cucumber, green peppers, \n\ndried bean stick, peas, green beans, tofu, bean sprouts, soy sprouts, \n\nwatermelon, banana, apple, persimmon, orange, pear \n\nmushrooms, edible fungus, white fungus, \n\nkelp, algae, seaweed, sea cucumbers, mussels, \n\narrowhead, potatoes, sweet potatoes, corn, carrots \n\npeanuts, watermelon seeds, sunflower seeds, walnuts, dates, sesame seeds, \n\n\nhoney, milk, vinegar"],["topImageUrl","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/rwo.gif"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","Salted Lemons Good for Your Throat"],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/SHSL.htm"],["summary",""],["topImageUrl","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/lemon.jpg"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","Hay Fever Remedy Soup"],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/hayfever.htm"],["summary","防治鼻敏感食療\n\n\n\nHay Fever Remedial Soup\n\n\n\n(電郵傳訊; Email circulation)\n\n\n\n\n\n相關資料﹕\n\n治口臭食療湯\n \n降膽固醇療方\n \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n\n\n\n \n\n \n\n\n目錄"],["topImageUrl","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/hayfever.jpg"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title",""],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/h.htm"],["summary",""],["topImageUrl",""],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title",""],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/WGFX.htm"],["summary","What's Good For You (Cross\n Reference)\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Anomaly\n \n Function\n Kind of food\n \n \n \n Aging\n 老化\n Slows aging process \n Apricots, cherries, prunes,\n \n \n \n Allergies\n 敏感\n Fights allergies \n Honey,\n \n \n \n Alzheimer's \n 老人痴呆\n Shields against\n Alzheimer's \n Apricots, cherries, mango,\n \n \n \n Bacteria, Fungus\n 病菌,真菌\n Kills bacteria, Fights\n fungus \n Garlic, green tea, mushrooms, onion, \n \n \n \n Blood\n flow \n 血液循環\n Enhances blood flow \n Grapes,\n \n \n \n Blood\n pressure \n 血壓\n Controls blood pressure \n Apricots, Avocados, Bananas,\n beets, broccoli, chestnuts, figs,\n garlic, lemon, limes, mushrooms,\n watermelon,\n \n \n \n Blood Sugar\n 血糖\n Stabilizes blood sugar \n Artichokes, Beans, blueberries,\n \n \n \n Bones, joints\n 骨胳\n Strengthens bones, cushions joints\n Apples, Bananas, beets,\n broccoli, cantaloupe, Cauliflower, mushrooms, pineapple, sweet potato, yogurt,\n \n \n \n Breast\n Cancer \n 乳癌\n Combats Breast Cancer \n Cantaloupe,\n Cauliflower, \n \n \n \n Cancer \n 癌症\n Combats cancer \n Apricots, Beans, beets, blueberries, broccoli, cabbage, Cantaloupe, carrots, cherries, chestnuts, chili\n peppers, figs, fish, garlic, grapes, green tea, lemon, limes, mango, mushrooms, oats, olive oil,\n onion, oranges, peaches, rice,\n strawberries, sweet potato, tomatoes, walnuts, water,\n \n \n \n Cholesterol \n 膽固醇\n Lowers cholesterol \n Artichokes,Avocados, Beans,\n cantaloupe, chestnuts, figs, garlic, grapefruit, mushrooms, oats, onion, peanuts, prunes, tomatoes, walnuts, watermelon, wheat germ,\n wheat bran, yogurt,\n \n \n \n Colds\n 傷風\n Relieves colds \n Pineapples,\n \n \n \n Colon\n Cancer \n 腸癌\n Combats Colon Cancer \n Wheat germ, wheat bran,\n \n \n \n Constipation \n 便秘\n Prevents constipation \n Apples, Beans, blueberries,\n cabbage, carrots, oats, peaches,\n prunes, wheat germ, wheat bran,\n \n \n \n Cough\n 咳嗽\n Quiets a cough \n Bananas,\n \n \n \n Diabetes \n 糖尿病\n Battles diabetes \n Avocados, flax, oats, olive\n oil, rice,\n \n \n \n Diarrhea \n 痢疾\n Blocks diarrhea \n Apples, Bananas, pineapple,\n \n \n \n Digestion \n 消化功能\n Aids digestion \n Artichokes, chli peppers, flax,\n honey, mango, peaches, pineapple,\n wheat germ, wheat bran, yogurt,\n \n \n \n Diverticulitis \n 憩室炎\n Aggravates\n diverticulitis \n Peanuts,\n \n \n \n Energy\n 精力\n Increases energy \n Honey,\n \n \n \n Eyesight\n 視力\n Saves eyesight \n Apricots, broccoli, cantaloupe, carrots, grapes,\n sweet potato,\n \n \n \n Heart \n 心臟 \n Guards against heart\n disease \n Apples, Artichokes, Bananas,\n beets, blueberries, broccoli,\n cabbage, carrots, Cauliflower,\n cherries, chestnuts, fish, flax, grapefruit, grapes, green tea, lemon, limes, olive oil, onion, oranges, peanuts,\n prunes, rice, Strawberries, tomatoes,\n walnuts,\n \n \n \n Hemorrhoids \n 痔瘡\n Helps hemorrhoids \n Beans, cabbage, peaches,\n \n \n \n Immune\n 抗病\n Boosts immune system \n Cantaloupe, chili peppers, fish,\n flax, oranges, yogurt,\n \n \n \n Insomnia\n 失眠\n Ends insomnia \n Cherries,\n \n \n \n Kidney Stone\n 腎結石\n Conquers kidney stones \n Grapes, rice, water,\n \n \n \n Liver\n 肝\n Guard against liver disease\n Artichokes\n (朝鮮薊),\n \n \n \n Lungs\n 肺\n Improves lung capacity \n Apples, \n \n \n \n Memory\n 記憶力\n Boosts memory \n Blueberries, fish, mango,\n prunes, strawberries, walnuts,\n \n \n \n Mental\n 精神病\n Improves mental health \n Flax, \n \n \n \n Mood\n 情緒\n Lifts mood \n Sweet potato, walnuts,\n \n \n \n Postate\n 前列腺\n Works against prostate\n cancer \n Cauliflower, grapefruit, \n peanuts, tomatoes, watermelon,\n \n \n \n Respiration\n 呼吸\n Straightens respiration \n Oranges,\n \n \n \n Scurvy\n 壞血病\n Stops scurvy \n Lemons, limes,\n \n \n \n Sinuses\n 鼻痰\n Clears sinuses \n Chili peppers,\n \n \n \n Skin\n 皮膚\n Smoothes skin \n Avocados, lemon, limes, oats, olive oil, water,\n \n \n \n Sore Throats\n 喉痛\n Soothes sore throat \n Chili peppers,\n \n \n \n Stress\n 壓力\n Calms stress \n Strawberries,\n \n \n \n Strokes\n 中風\n Helps stops strokes \n Avocados, figs, grapefruit, green tea, peaches, rice, watermelon, wheat germ, wheat bran,\n \n \n \n Thyroid\n 甲狀腺\n Regulates thyroid \n Mango,\n \n \n \n Ulcers\n 胃病\n Guards against ulcers \n Honey, yogurt,\n \n \n \n Warts\n 肉瘤\n Dissolves warts \n Pineapples,\n \n \n \n Weight Loss\n 減肥\n Promotes weight loss \n Beets, cabbage, carrots, chestnuts, figs, grapefruit, green tea, olive oil, peanuts, water, watermelon,\n \n \n \n Wounds/Bruises \n 傷口/瘀傷\n Heals wounds,Banishes\n bruises \n Cauliflower, honey,\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Back to Food List"],["topImageUrl","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/rwo.gif"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","Cinnamon Natural, Cures Diseases"],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/CINN1.htm"],["summary","肉桂:\n\n\n\n 筒狀塊片，質硬，呈棕色，以香氣濃厚，身乾精油含量高，黏性少為佳。質量好藥力\n足的肉桂稱“紫油桂”；刮去外面粗皮及裏面薄皮的稱“桂心”，性不太燥，適用\n於助心陽、交心腎：幼桂樹皮，稱“官桂”，力弱性燥，適用於溫中燥濕。一般通\n稱肉桂。【性味功用】肉桂味辛、甘，性熱。有溫補腎陽、溫中逐寒、宣導血脈的\n作用。其性渾厚凝降，守而不走，偏暖下焦，能助腎中陽氣（舊稱“命門之火”），\n並能納氣歸腎、引火歸元。 \n【禁忌】　　陰虛火旺、熱病傷津及假寒真熱者及孕婦禁用。\n\n\n\n \n \n\n\n根據西方醫學研究肉桂含有多種治病功能。其中包括預防血管閉塞﹐殺菌﹐控制血糖﹐\n幫助記憶﹐防止腸癌﹐保持體溫﹐醫治肚瀉﹑便秘﹑傷風和感冒等等療效。\n而\n美國新研究稱肉桂替代胰島素的作用能緩和第二型糖尿病。 \n服用肉桂為期40天。研究數據顯示，受試者的血糖、三酸甘油酯、低密度脂蛋白(LDL)還\n有膽固醇均明顯下降。\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n應用食譜參考 \n\n\n\n \n碧井珍肉\n\n \n 材料：\n\n \n\n大黃瓜 1/2 條、油1小匙、肉桂粉 2 小匙、豬絞肉1/2碗、鹽1小匙、\n太白粉 1/2 小匙、糖1/2小匙、水 2 杯 \n\n \n作法： \n\n \n\n\n(1) 豬絞肉洗淨，加入糖、油、桂皮粉、酌量鹽拌勻後靜置25分鐘。\n(2) 大黃瓜去皮洗淨，切約2.5公分厚的圓環塊狀，並將當中的籽去除。\n(3) 在每個圓環塊狀大黃瓜的四週抹上少許的鹽，並在其中間的\n 大圓孔裡塗一點太白粉。\n(4) 將圓環塊狀的大黃瓜排列在深盤中，約5個左右。\n 接著，再逐一塞進適量醃好的豬絞肉。\n(5) 在電鍋裡放入2杯水，然後擺進準備好的材料，大概蒸20分鐘\n 便可上桌。\n\n \n桂冰蛋糕\n\n \n材料：\n\n\n麵粉約1碗、奶油1/2碗、水1/2 杯、糖 2～3 小匙、蛋1個、肉桂粉 \n2 小匙、葡萄乾30顆、櫻桃6粒、油少許\n\n\n \n作法： \n\n\n(1) 將麵粉、奶油、水、糖、蛋、肉桂粉混和攪拌成黏稠狀態。\n(2) 將櫻桃切碎粒與葡萄乾一同混和於作法(1)的材料中。\n(3) 準備 2～3 個小鐵杯模型，用油稍微在內部刷一下，然後將\n\t 調好的麵糊倒入模型中。 \n(4)用165度中溫烤35分鐘左右即可。烤好的小蛋糕，放入冰箱冷藏\n\t 1小時便能享用。\n\n\n \n圈圈脆餅\n\n \n材料：\n\n\n\t麵粉1/2 碗、奶粉1/4碗、水少許、杏仁粉 3 小匙、果糖3小匙、\n\t肉桂粉 1又 1/2 小匙、香草精 1/2 小匙、蛋 1 個\n\n \n作法： \n\n\n\n(1) 混和所有的材料，使之攪拌呈糰狀。接著，由圓糰中抽取出\n\t 數個小圓糰，並將小圓糰搓圓一點成球狀。\n(2) 拿出烤盤，把球狀的小圓糰逐一排好，繼而用手指頭在每個圓球\n 糰上壓個小洞。\n(3) 以 170 度的中溫烤 12 分鐘就行了。烤好的小餅干在食用時，\n\t 沾巧克力醬或果醬皆可。\n\n\n\n\n另見\n\n蜂蜜加肉桂粉的神奇療效"],["topImageUrl","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/rwo.gif"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","Cranberries prevent urinary bladder infection"],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/CRAN.htm"],["summary","Cranberry's Health Benefits \n\n\n \n\n小紅苺防尿道膀胱炎\n\n(錄自星島週刊第 656 期)\n\n\n\n 健康食品有益養生\n \n小紅莓味道有點酸，但是含有豐富之維他命A﹑維他命C﹑維他命E﹑ 初花色素 (或\n稱濃縮單寧酸)﹑磷﹑兒茶素 (Catechin) , Vaccinin 等，具有非常好的抗氧化，\n抗菌及淨化效益。近年來的研究更發現。小紅莓富含抗氧化的多酚類物質，適當服\n用有增強免疫系統，防止泌尿感染的作用。其實，美國的原住民自古就知道，小紅\n莓對尿道炎及膀胱炎等泌尿器官疾病有效，把它當作藥物使用。飲用小紅莓汁可對\n人體提供類似天然抗生素的保護作用，不但可當作天然抗生素，也能夠有效地遏止\n抗生素濫用。\n \n小紅莓被稱為(對付膀胱炎) 和(尿道感染的最佳武器之一。專家建議一天喝一杯果\n汁。可以減少尿道，陰道方面的細菌感染風險。若是己得尿道感染疾病，除了吃抗\n生素外?如果每天再喝點蔓越莓汁。將有快速改善病情的效果。資料也顯示，蔓越莓\n還可以有效(抑制幽門螺旋桿菌附著於腸胃內)。(幽門螺旋桿菌就是導致胃潰瘍甚至\n胃癌發生的主因)。它也具有很強的(抗氧化作用) 。可以降低動物硬化對人體所造\n成的身體傷害，還具有(預防心血管疾病)的功能。還有人說，小紅莓的汁對治療花\n粉過敏也很有好處。\n \n\n\n \n 小紅莓醬 \n \n 小紅莓醬 (Cranberry sauce) 含微量納質及豐富食用纖維﹑維他命C 和一種巨效\n力的抗氧化營養素-花青素原。醫學研究指出。小紅莓有效防止尿道及膀胱發炎: 令\n外, 它含的抗氧化營養更能減少因細胞氧化而引致的心臟病, 癌症和其他老化疾病。\n\n 鮮小紅莓本身帶有苦和酸味, 所以常用砂糖來變甜。要減少攝取糖份可以用耐熱的\n代糖作調味或用低糖小紅莓汁來煮其醬汁。小紅莓醬做法十分簡單。把洗淨的小紅\n莓放進鍋裡, 加溫, 加一點水。小紅莓加溫後破開來, 適時攪動一下, 免得鍋底的\n燒糊, 面上的還沒煮開, 等鍋裡所有的莓子都玻開就差不多了。可以根據口味加一\n點兒糖,\n 明星廚師 Emily 的蒜味小紅莓醬\n製造方法﹕ \n\n一袋新鮮小紅莓, 兩頭大蒜切碎, 一杯新鮮橙汁,一個肉桂棒( CINNAMON STICK),\n一茶匙楓糖漿(MAPLE SYRUP), 2 茶匙牛奶, 鹽輿胡椒適量, 將小紅莓﹑肉桂棒﹑橙\n汁倒在鍋內煮到小紅莓皮破, 橙汁減少, 呈醬狀, 加入楓糖漿, 牛奶, 大蒜等, 加\n蓋子燒 2 分鍾, 從爐子上移開, 加藍鹽和胡椒, 沙司可以冷吃或熱吃, \n \n\n \n \n\nCranberries prevent urinary bladder infection\n\n\n(translated from the Sing Tao Weekly No. 656) \n\n\n\n \nThough slightly sour, cranberry is rich in the vitamins A, C and E. Pigments of its flowers in early stage (tannins), phosphorus, catechin (catechuic element), etc. have good antioxidant, antibacterial and purifying effects on human being. In recent years, research found cranberries rich in antioxidant polyphenols, hence can be used to enhance the immune system to prevent urinary tract infections. \n \nLong time ago, native Americans knew cranberries are effective in curing urinary diseases. Drinking cranberry juice can provide protective natural antibiotics without getting the abused effects on the body. \n \nCranberries are known to be the best weapon against bladder inflammation and urinary tract infection. Experts suggest drinking a glass of cranberry juice everyday can reduce urinary tract infection and the risk of having vaginal bacterial infection. Drinking cranberry juice supplemental to taking antibiotics will rapidly improve the clinical results on urinary tract infection. \n \nData also showed that cranberry can be effective in inhibition of H. pylori which can cause stomach ulcer and gastric cancer. It is also a strong anti-oxidation, playing an important role in lowering the risk of artery hardening and in prevention of cardiovascular disease. Some even say that cranberry juice is of great help to people with allergy. \n \n \n\n \nRecipe of Emily's Garlic favor cranberry sauce:\n\n\n\n\nA bag of fresh cranberries, 2 chopped garlic, a cup of fresh orange juice, 1 cinnamon stick,\n1 teaspoon maple syrup, 2 teaspoons milk, small amount of salt and pepper. \nCook cranberries, cinnamon stick, orange juice in a pot until cranberry skin breaks open and the mixture turns sticky. Add maple syrup, milk and garlic. Cook 2 more minutes with the pot covered. Finally add add salt and pepper. Eat cold or hot at your preference. \n\n\n\n\n\n \n\n \n\n\n目錄 \n \n\n\n\n Scroll down for English\n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n更多"],["topImageUrl","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/rwo.gif"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","The Amazing Hair Dryer"],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/HDRY.htm"],["summary","Scroll down\nfor English\n\n \n\n\n\nThe Amazing Hair Dryer\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n[Translation] \n\n\nThe Amazing Hair Dryer \n\n (by Z. D. Zhou) \n\n\nNot long ago a friend took her ten-year-old boy to my house looking for to my wife, saying that her child had hiccups all day long. The child was very uncomfortable and unable to eat at all. After she checked, my wife said there was a muscle spasm in his diaphragm. Without hesitation, she took out a blow dryer, turned on the power and started blowing at the boy's stomach. About 10 minutes later, the boy burped and fell relieved. We were surprised that this thing can do the trick. But my just wife smiled. \n\nA few days later, I had a stiff neck when I woke up in the morning. I could hardly turn my head. I recalled my stiff neck problem was treated a few times by acupuncture and cupping when I was younger. I asked my wife for the similar treatment. She said there weren't any needles at home nor any suitable small jars for cupping. She just took out a hair dryer. I couldn't help laughing. Again? This thing can cure stiff neck too? Amazing! \n\nShe blew on my shoulders and my neck for about 15 minutes. My neck was really loosened up. I could turn my head now. Later in the evening, she repeated that on me once more. The pain in my neck was significantly reduced. I crowned her the \"queen of blow drying\".\n \nShe explained that this was inspired by the method people used in the old days. In hospitals, with all the modern equipments we have, doctors do not need blow dryers. Back in the old days, in rural villages especially, doctors were poorly equipped with medical supplies. So they came up with other means to treat patients with common pains. \n\nSuddenly I realized this is the thermal effect on pains with the heat generated by a blow dryer. Modern physiotherapy equipment such as electric, laser, thermal, ultrasound and others can easily generate heat for effective treatment. They are, of course, more powerful then a blow dryer. However, when they are not available, using a blow dryer to generate heat will also work, temporarily at least, on common pains such as back pain, muscle spasm, stiff neck, leg cramps, etc. It is easily accessible and easy to operate as long as there is electricity. The blow dryer is really amazing. Try it. Hope it works for you too. \n\n\n \n\n\n\n \n\n \n\n\n目錄"],["topImageUrl","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/hairdryer.jpg"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","Cinnamon with Honey Health Effects"],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/CINH.htm"],["summary","蜂蜜和肉桂的混合物能治愈大多數疾病。 Ayurvedic 和 Yunani 醫學，一直都使用\n蜂蜜作為這幾個世紀以來，重要的醫學研究。今日的科學家也接受蜂蜜可以治愈大\n多數疾病。蜂蜜可用在各種疾病且沒有任何副作用。今日的科學也指出，蜂蜜雖\n甜，但適當的劑量並不危害患有糖尿病的病患。一本加拿大著名的雜誌 \"Weekly World \nNews\" 於 1995/1/17 曾發表，蜂蜜和肉桂可以治愈下列等疾病。\n\n \n關節炎 \n\n微溫的水加入一匙蜂蜜及一小匙肉桂粉，在身體發癢的地方塗上並按摩。大部份疼\n痛可在15分鐘內退去。關節炎病患每天可飲一杯加入兩匙蜂蜜和一小匙肉桂粉的熱\n水。如果定期喝，慢性關節炎可被治癒。哥本哈根大學近期做的研究發現，醫生利\n用蜂蜜加肉桂粉的混合物來治癒病人，但需在早餐前食用。一星期後，約200名病患\n試用此療法，73名病患疼痛在一個月內明顯減少。大部份的病患在試用此療法前，\n走路都不太方便，試用後，病患可走路且疼痛也減少了。\n\n \n掉髮 \n\n那些受掉髮或者有禿頭之苦者，可在洗澡前用熱橄欖油，加一大匙蜂蜜及一匙肉桂\n粉在頭髮上停留約15分鐘後再洗頭。即使只停留五分鐘也很有效。\n\n \n膀胱感染 \n\n喝一杯加有二大匙肉桂粉及一大匙蜂蜜的熱水，可殺死膀胱裡的細菌。\n\n \n牙痛 \n\n 在牙痛的地方，塗上一大匙肉桂粉及五大匙蜂蜜做成的糊狀物，一天三次，直到\n牙齒不痛為止。 \n\n \n膽固醇 \n\n二大匙蜂蜜和三大匙肉桂粉加入16盎司的茶，給有膽固醇的病患喝，二個小時內可\n減少血液裡10%膽固醇。一天三次可減少膽固醇含量。從一本醫學雜誌裡得到的訊\n息：Medical Journal 表示，每日飯後食用純的蜂蜜可減少膽固醇。 . \n\n \n感冒 \n\n感冒的人可連續三天食用，一大匙微熱蜂蜜加 1/4 匙肉桂粉。這個過程可治癒慢性\n咳嗽、感冒及清理靜脈竇。 \n\n \n不孕 \n\n Yunani 和 Ayurvedic 多年來一直使用蜂蜜加強男性的精液。如果陽萎的男性定\n期在睡前食用二大匙蜂蜜，他們的問題就可解決。幾世紀以來，中國、日本及遠東\n地區，沒有懷孕及需加強子宮的婦女，都有食用肉桂粉。不能懷孕的婦女，可把半\n匙蜂蜜加入少量肉桂粉塗在牙床上，慢慢混著唾液吞入。在美國 Maryland 的一對\n夫婦，已經 14 年沒有孩子且已不抱任何希望。當這對夫婦得知這訊息，兩人開始\n食用蜂蜜加肉桂粉，幾個月後，妻子懷孕且是雙胞胎。 \n\n \n腸胃不適 \n\n蜂蜜加肉桂粉，可治癒胃痛及胃潰瘍。胃氣/腸氣：根據印度及日本所做的研究發\n現，食用蜂蜜加肉桂粉可以減少胃氣及胃痛。\n\n \n消化不良 \n\n飯前食用二大匙蜂蜜加肉桂粉，可減少胃酸且\n幫助食物的消化。 \n\n \n心臟病 \n\n早餐定期吃塗有蜂蜜和肉桂粉的麵包。它可減少動脈的膽固醇且可避免心臟病發作。\n 對於過去曾有心臟病發作的病患，只要每天食用，就可避免再一次的心臟病發作。\n 定期遵守上述的步驟，可減輕呼吸困難的症狀且可加強心跳。\n在美國及加拿大，很多的療養院都有成功的例子發現，當病患的動靜脈阻塞時，蜂\n蜜和肉桂粉可改善血液流動。 \n\n \n免疫系統 \n\n每日食用蜂蜜和肉桂粉，可加強免疫系統及防護細菌及病毒的侵害。科學家發現蜂\n蜜有大量的維生素和鐵。連續食用蜂蜜，可加強白血球對抗細菌及病毒。\n\n \n流行性感冒 \n\n西班牙科學家已證實，蜂蜜具有可殺死流行性感冒及預防感冒的天然要素。\n\n \n老化 \n\n定期喝茶並加上蜂蜜和肉桂粉，可預防老化。將 4 大匙蜂蜜加一大匙肉桂粉及三\n杯水煮沸。每天喝3-4次，一次1/4杯，可保持皮膚光滑且預防老化。也可延長壽命，\n讓你更年輕﹗\n\n \n青春痘 \n\n將三大匙蜂蜜加一大匙肉桂粉調成糊狀，睡前塗在青春痘處，隔天早上用溫水洗去，\n連續兩周，可消除青春痘。 \n\n \n皮膚感染 \n\n蜂蜜加肉桂粉可治癒溼疹、輪癬及其他皮膚感染。\n只要將蜂蜜加入肉桂粉，塗在感染處即可。 \n\n \n身體過重 \n\n每天早上空腹，在早餐前三十分鐘及睡前喝一杯用蜂蜜加肉桂粉煮的水。定期喝可\n以減重。定期喝，即使吃高卡路里的食物，也不會讓身體堆積脂肪。\n\n \n癌症 \n\n根據日本和澳洲近期的研究發現，胃癌和骨癌可利用此法治癒。癌症病患應食用三\n大匙蜂蜜加一大匙肉桂粉，一天三次，連續一個月，並持續進行腫瘤療程。\n\n\n \n疲勞 \n\n近期的研究顯示，蜂蜜的含糖量對人體的幫助大於傷害。有食用蜂蜜和肉桂粉的老\n年人比較靈活。針對這題材已完成廣泛研究的 Dr. Milton 表示，當活力減少時，\n可每天刷牙後及午後三點左右喝一杯水加半匙蜂蜜及少量肉桂粉，一星期活力就會\n增加。 \n\n \n口臭 \n\n南美洲的人，每天都會將熱水加一大匙蜂蜜及肉桂粉來漱口，這樣可以讓口氣整天\n保持清新。\n\n \n聽力喪失 \n\n每天食用蜂蜜加肉桂粉可恢復聽力。 \n\n[Translation]\nThe magical effect of honey with cinnamon\n\nA mixture of honey and cinnamon can cure most diseases. For centuries Ayurvedic \nand Yunani medicine has used honey as an important medical research. Today,\n scientists also accept honey can cure a variety of diseases. Honey can \nbe used in curing diseases without any side effects. Today's science also \npoints out that although honey is sweet, it does not harm patients with diabetes \nwhen appropriate dosage is taken. A well-known Canadian magazine \"Weekly \nWorld\nNews \" published on 1995/1/17, that honey and cinnamon can cure the following \ndiseases\n\n\n\n\n\nArthritis: - \n\nMix 2 spoonful of lukewarm water with 1 teaspoon of honey and 1 teaspoon \nof cinnamon powder. By applying the solution to the aching part of the body \nand massaging, most pain can recede within 15 minutes. Add 2 spoonful of \n honey and 1 teaspoon of cinnamon to a cup of hot water to make a drink. \nIf an arthritis patient drinks this daily on a regular basis, chronic arthritis \ncan be cured. In a recent research done at Copenhagen University, Demark \ndoctors tried to give a mixture of honey and cinnamon to their patients \nto take before breakfast. Of the 200 patients who participated, 73 patients \nsignificantly reduced the pain within a month. Most of the patients who \nhave difficulty in walking, found after the trial have pain decreased and \nsome even improved in walking.\n\n\n\nHair loss: - \n\n hair loss or baldness can apply hot olive oil with 1 teaspoon of honey \nand 1 tablespoon of cinnamon on the skull for 5 to 15 minutes before shampooing.\n \n\n\nBladder infection: - \ndrinking hot water with 2 tablespoons of cinnamon powder and 1 tablespoon \nof honey can kill the bacteria inside the bladder.\n\n\nToothache: - \n Mix 1 tablespoon of cinnamon powder and 5 spoons of honey to come with \npaste. Spread the paste on the aching area 3 times a day until pain goes away.\n\n\n\nCold: - \n If you catch cold, you can take a tablespoon of honey and 1/4 spoon of \ncinnamon powder heated warm, 3 times a day. This can cure chronic cough, \ncold and clear sinus.\n\n\n\nInfertility: - \nYunani and Ayurvedic have been using honey for years to strengthen the semen \nof men. If impotent men regularly take two tablespoons of honey before going \nto bed, their problem can be resolved. For centuries, people in China, Japan \nand the Far East, have used cinnamon to strengthen the uterus of women \nwho cannot get pregnant. Add a small amount of cinnamon to 1/2 tablespoon \nof honey, then coated the mixture on the gum and slowly swallow it. It is \nsaid that this treatment can help infertility. In Maryland of the United \nStates a couple could not have children after they had married for14 years. \nWhen the couple heard the method, they began to try and gradually increased \nconsumption of honey and cinnamon. A few months later, the wife got pregnant \nand eventually gave birth to twins.\n\n\n\nStomach discomfort: - \nAccording to researches done in India and Japan, consumption of honey and \ncinnamon powder can reduce stomachache and intestinal gas pain.\n\n\n\nIndigestion: - \n taking 2 tablespoons of honey mixed with cinnamon powder before meals \ncan help digest food and reduce gastric acid.\n\n\n\nHeart disease: - \nWhen eating breakfast, coat your bread with honey and cinnamon. If you do \nthis on a regular basis, it will help to reduce cholesterol in the arteries \nand may prevent a heart attack. This will also reduce the symptoms of breathing \ndifficulties and enhance the heart function. In the United States and \nCanada, examples of success are found in many nursing homes when honey and \ncinnamon are given to treat patients with venous obstruction. \n\n\n\nImmune system: - \ndaily consumption of honey and cinnamon can strengthen the immune system \nand protect against bacteria and viruses. Scientists found that honey has \na lot of vitamins and iron. Continuous consumption of honey can enhance \nleukocyte in fighting against bacteria and viruses.\n\n\n\nInfluenza: - \nSpanish scientists have confirmed that honey and cinnamon can help in prevention \nof influenza and common cold.\n\n\n\nAging: - \nregular consumption of honey and cinnamon tea can slow down the aging process.\n \nAdd 4 tablespoons of honey, 1 tablespoon of cinnamon powder to 3 cups of \nboiling water. Drink 1 cup each time, 3-4 times a day will keep you skin \nsmooth and make you look younger!\n\n\n\nPimples: - \nground 1 tablespoon of cinnamon with 3 spoons of honey into a paste. Spread \npaste on pimples before going to bed. Wash off paste with warm water the \nnext morning. Pimples will disappear in 2 weeks.\n\n\n\nSkin infection: - \ncinnamon and honey can cure eczema, psoriasis and other skin infections. \nJust add cinnamon to honey and put on the infected areas.\n\n\n\nOverweight: - \n30 minutes before breakfast and 30 minutes before bed time drink a cup of \nboiled water with honey and cinnamon. Regular drinking of this can help you lose \nweight, even if you have high-calorie food because honey and cinnamon do \nnot allow accumulation of body fat.\n\n\n\nCancer: - \n according to recent studies in Japan and Australia, honey and cinnamon \ncan be used to cure gastric cancer and bone cancer. Cancer patients eat \nthree spoons of honey and 1 tablespoon of ground cinnamon together, three \ntimes a day, as an ongoing cancer treatment.\n\n\n\nFatigue: - \nRecent studies have shown that the sugar content in honey is of more help \nthan harm on the human body. Consumption of honey and cinnamon makes the \nelderly more energetic. \n In an extensive research on this subject, Dr. Milton said that whenever \nyou feel your energy level is down, you can drinking a glass of water with \nhoney and a small amount of cinnamon in the morning after brushing your \nteeth and in the afternoon around 3:00 p.m. After 2 weeks, your energy level \nwill be back.\n\n\n\nBad breath: - \nSouth Americans use hot water with 1 tablespoon of honey and cinnamon to \nrinse their mouth everyday. It keeps you breath fresh all day long.\n\n\n\nHearing loss: - \ndaily consumption of honey cinnamon can restore hearing.\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nScroll down\n\n to see English"],["topImageUrl","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/cinnamon_sticks.gif"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title",""],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/LMNA.htm"],["summary","[Brief English Translation]\n\n\nDrink lemonade for health \n\n\n\n\nWash the lemons, make juice, then freeze into ice cubes. Seale them with a zipper bag and store them in the refrigerator for daily use. Making lemonade with the lemon juice ice-cubes is easy.\nLemon is good for your heart and bones as well as blood circulation. Lacking vitamin C for a long period is detrimental to your health. Experts suggest lemon drinks can be a remedy.\n \nAccording to a professor of the Japanese Ministry of Ibaraki Christian University, the death rate of the cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases is far higher than cancer. Many office workers who often have high calorie and high fat food, high pressure, and inadequate movement are at high risk of chronic cardiovascular diseases. According to his research, prevention of such diseases in the first step is to start with improved diet. He suggested that lemon being antioxidant with inhibition of free radicals is a good choice. Besides, people who have osteoporosis due to calcium deficiency can also drink lemon juice for improvement. \n\nLemon can enhance blood circulation and attract calcium. Moreover, the price of lemon is not that expensive. So, instead of buying expensive health medicine, it is wise to take advantage on lemon for health maintenance. \n\n\n[Benefits of lemon juice]\n\n\n\n \nLemon is highly alkaline: \nthe treatment was considered good medicine for most diseases, such as cough, phlegm, spleen deficiency. It's rich in vitamin C, and good for blood circulation. \nIt can prevent cancer, lower cholesterol, reduce fatigue, increase immunity, slow aging and maintain skin elasticity, as well as overcome diabetes, hypertension, anemia, colds, osteoporosis and so on.\n\nBoost memory: \nAccording to the latest study intake of vitamin C and vitamin E helps to strengthen memory and improve response. Degradation of blood circulation can have adverse impact on the brain, preventing the brain from function properly. Experts suggest that the efficacy of lemon with water-soluble antioxidant and vitamin C can help in maintaining the memory without any side effects. Lemon is a readily available health product in our daily life.\n\nImprovement of Osteoporosis: \nlemon citrate can enhance the body's absorption of calcium.\nHence, increases the bone mineral density and prevents osteoporosis."],["topImageUrl","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/lemonade.gif"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title",""],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/AMAH.htm"],["summary","Life After Middle Age\n \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n\n[Translation]\n\n\n\nA buddhist master once said in New York United Daily News:\n\nWith the ups and downs in one's life, a smooth journey is quite rare. Health, social environment, etc., are always unpredictable. Only if you are prepared in a variety of conditions, you can overcome obstacles to move forward. I often advise people that don't get too excited on ups and don't be so despair on downs. This way your life will be much easier.\n\n\nAfter mid age, with the natural degradation of body functions, one will begin to experience back pain, dizziness, tinnitus, gastroenteritis, constipation, high blood pressure, heart disease, kidney disease, diabetes, arthritis and other chronic diseases. While the health condition is not be under your controlled, it is possible to avoid or minimize the chronic diseases if you pay attention to your diet and preserve with exercise.\n\n\nIf business, property, wealth or social status are you goals, you will be \nattracted with endless pain throughout your life. In fact wealthy, but not healthy, is in meaningless. In case of serious illness, not only you are painful, your family and friends also suffer. Therefore, only good health will enable you enjoy life.\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n\n \n\nmenu"],["topImageUrl","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/amida.gif"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","FOOD VALUES"],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/Food_files/frame.htm"],["summary",""],["topImageUrl",""],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","Myocardial infarction first aid"],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/HAET.htm"],["summary","(圖一)\n\n\n (圖二)\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n (1)\n\n\n (2)\n\n\n\n\n\n\n 搶救黃金三十秒寶貴\n\n\n心肌梗塞就是心臟缺氧，心臟缺氧導致血液凝固，血液無法將氧氣輸送至腦部，就\n會造成腦死。搶救的黃金時間只有三十秒。 \n \n心肌梗塞發生前一兩個月通常都有胸悶現象，時好時壞，病發的一、兩天會特別累、\n感覺很悶。這時候就要特別注意。 \n \n患者不分老少，請務必讓您身邊的人學會以下搶救的方法。 \n\n第一步 \n\n\n持續呼叫他的名字，讓患者保持清醒，絕對別讓他睡著。 \n \n身上最好準備一小瓶沉香油。沉香油是急救之王。心臟名藥「救心」即是沉香所提\n煉。首先，將沉香油滴幾滴到患者的舌頭上。\n\n\n第二步 \n\n\n用手指壓人中，壓到患者眉頭皺 (見圖一)\n\n握空拳，反覆滾壓膻中到華蓋這個區域，刺激心臟肌肉。(見圖二)\n\n以右手握空拳，左手疊合其上，用身體的力量從右到左滾壓胸腔，壓、滾時，提醒\n患者吸氣；手放開時吐氣。 \n\n直到患者兩肩會動，臉色轉好。\n\n\n 如果您發病時身邊無人可幫忙，請您： \n \n 一、用力咳嗽； \n 二、用力搥胸； \n 三、趴在地上，滾動胸腔。 \n \n珍重生命，請大家告訴大家 \n\n\n中華氣機導引文化研究會祝福您享受健康的人生 \n\n\n\n\nMyocardial infarction first aid\n\n\n[Translated from Qiji Daoyin's circulation] \n\n\n\n\n The first 30 seconds is absolutely vital. \n\n\nMyocardial infarction is heart hypoxia resulting in blood coagulation, hence unable to transport oxygen to the brain. This in turn leads to brain damage. Prime time to rescue is only 30 seconds. \n \nTwo months prior to myocardial infarction, the symptoms are usually occasional chest tightness, bad mood and tired. One or two days prior, the patient will be completely exhausted. If this condition exists, one must pay special attention. \n\nThis could happen to anyone regardless of his/hers age. So people around you must be equipped the following first aid knowledge. \n\n\nStep 1 \n\nDo not let the patient fall asleep. Continuous say his/her name, to keep the patient awake. \nPrepare a small bottle of incense oil (agalloch eaglewood oil is the king of first aid). Put a few drops of incense oil on the patient's tongue. \n\n\n\nStep 2 \n\nUse a finger apply pressure on the patient's \"ren zhong\", the mid-point between the nose and the upper lip, till he/she frowns. (see diagram 1)\n\nHold fist to repeatedly roll on the mid chest region to stimulate movement of the heart muscle. (see diagram 2)\n\n\nPut the left hand on the right fist, apply pressure the help of the body weight to roll from right to left on the chest. Instruct the patient to inhale when you apply pressure, and exhale when you release. \n\nContinue until the patient moves his/her shoulders and his/her face turn to look normal. \n\n If you don't have anyone around you when this occurs, you can do these: \n \n 1, cough strongly; \n 2. hit your chest hard with fists; \n 3, lie on the floor, roll chest left and right vigorously \n \nLife is precious, please tell others about this. \n\n \nThe Qiji Daoyin Cultural Studies wishes you a healthy life. \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nScroll down for English"],["topImageUrl","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/HAET1.jpg"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","Wolfberry (Gogi) to promote metabolism"],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/WOLF.htm"],["summary","以前膚色真的泛黃，現在“黃裡透紅------淡咖啡色，羨慕吧！\n而且血液循環變好，指頭末梢和嘴唇都不容易乾裂，體力也變好，\n只要持續每天當茶喝兩個月，保證有成果！\n\n美女秘方：枸杞+黃耆+紅棗+數朵菊花+洋蔘. 補了嗎？\n\n那------枸杞+紅棗　- 很棒了！(李心潔都這樣喝喔！)\n量隨你抓，煮過會比用泡的效果好！\n枸杞最適合用來消除疲勞，\n枸杞能預防動脈硬化及防止老化，還具有溫暖身體的作用。\n驚人的療效令人讚歎！\n\n枸杞是一種具有強韌生命力及精力的植物，非常適合用來消除疲勞。\n \n\n\n\n\n它能夠促進血液循環、防止動脈硬化、.還可預防肝臟內脂肪的囤積，\n再加上枸杞內所含有的各種維他命、必需胺基酸及亞麻油酸全面性地的運作，\n更可以\n\n促進體內的新陳代謝，也能夠防止老化。\n\n枸杞可分為三個部分來使用：\n \n\n\n枸杞葉可用來泡「枸杞茶」，\n飲用紅色果實「枸杞子」可用於做菜或泡茶，\n枸杞根又稱為「地骨皮」，一般當作藥材使用，因此，\n實在稱得上是物盡其用。而且長期食用枸杞或飲用枸杞茶，也不會有副作用。\n\n它的藥效十分廣泛，具有\n解熱、治療糖尿病、止咳化痰等療效，\n而將枸杞根煎煮後飲用，能夠\n\n降血壓，\n\n至於枸杞茶則具有\n\n治療體質虛寒、性冷感、健胃、肝腎疾病、肺結核、便祕、失眠、\n低血壓、貧血、各種眼疾、掉髮、口腔炎、護膚\n等各種效果。\n但是，由於枸杞溫熱身體的效果相當強，患有高血壓、性情太過急躁的人，\n或平日大量攝取肉類導致面泛紅光的老饕們最好不要食用。\n相反地，若是體質虛弱、常感冒、抵抗力差的人最好每天食用。\n\n枸杞中藥常識\n\n\n\n\n枸杞味甘，性平，無毒。《神農本草經》謂「久服堅筋骨，輕身不老」。唐代甄權\n《藥性本草》謂：「補精氣諸不足，易顏色，變白，明目安神，令人長壽。」這說\n明枸杞既使人美容，又令人長壽。枸杞為茄科落葉灌木寧夏枸杞 Lycium barbarum \nL. 的全株。枸杞果又名枸杞子，紅潤甘美，味同葡萄，可作果食。以中國寧夏、甘\n肅產的為優。\n根據研究，枸杞果實和根葉含甜菜鹼、多種不飽和脂肪酸、維他命 B1 、B2、C、菸\n酸、胡蘿蔔素以及微量元素鈣、磷、鐵等。其中枸杞甜菜鹼有抗脂肪肝和保護肝臟\n的作用。\n枸杞有降血壓、降血糖的功效。而肥胖人、中老年人多見脂肪肝、高血壓和糖尿病，\n枸杞能治療這些病，無疑有利於輕身、健美、長壽。\n枸杞果還能使機體T淋巴細胞增加，增強免疫功能，所以有延緩衰老、耐老的作用。\n有指春採枸杞葉，名「天精草」；夏採枸杞花，名「長生草」；秋採子，名「枸杞\n子」；冬採根，名「地骨皮」。《保壽堂方》有服食枸杞返老還童之例，老人堅持\n長期服食枸杞，除了活到百多歲仍能行走如飛之外，還會髮白返黑，陽事強健，齒\n落更生。\n\n \nEnglish Translation\n\n\n\n [The following is an excerpt translated from the above for reference only. Use of terms may not be accurate according to the original.] \n\n\n\n\n\nWolfberry is a kind of robust vitality and energy of the plant. It is most suitable for treatment of fatigue. \n\n\nIt can promote blood circulation; prevent atherosclerosis and liver fat accumulation. Wolfberry contains a variety of vitamins, essential amino acids and linoleum acid to promote the body metabolism, and to slow down aging. \n\n\nIts efficacy covers a wide range, and is often used to cure fever, diabetes, cough and phlegm. Drinking tea made from the wolfberry roots, helps in treatment of physical deficiency, frigid, stomach, liver and kidney diseases, tuberculosis, constipation, insomnia, low blood pressure, anemia, various eye disease, hair loss, stomatitis, skin care and other effects. \n\n\nHowever, the body warming effect of wolfberry is quite strong warm. Therefore it is not suitable for people with hypertension, high blood pressure or those who have impatient temperament.\n\n \n\n\n\n\n\n相關資料﹕\n\n\n\n\n\n紅棗保肝補氣"],["topImageUrl","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/goji.gif"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","JUJUBES Chinese Red Dates"],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/JUJU.htm"],["summary","經常熬夜的朋友要多多服用哦！小小一顆紅棗，功效卻很強。\n紅棗不僅營養非常豐富，而且還能保護肝臟。\n在平時的養生中，善用紅棗，對身體的助益很大。\n中國的草藥書籍「本經」中記載到，\n紅棗味甘性溫、歸脾胃經，有補中益氣、養血安神、緩和藥性的功能；\n而現代的藥理學則發現，紅棗含有蛋白質、脂肪、醣類、有機酸、\n維生素Ａ、維生素Ｃ、微量鈣多種氨基酸等豐富的營養成份。\n現代的藥理學同時還發現，紅棗能提高體內單核---\n吞噬細胞系統的吞噬功能，\n\n有保護肝臟，增強體力\n的作用。\n這個發現和中醫用紅棗組方「養肝湯」來養肝排毒的方法不謀而合。\n\n醫星球醫星顧問莊淑旂博士大力推薦剖腹產的婦女產前應喝養肝湯，\n她認為剖腹產的婦女，喝養肝湯不僅可以排解麻藥的毒性，保護肝臟，\n減輕手術後的疼痛，而養肝湯的作法：紅棗七顆洗淨，\n每顆以小刀劃出直紋幫助養分溢出，然後用滾水兩百八十西西加蓋，\n浸泡八個小時以上，接著再加蓋隔水蒸一個小時即成。\n紅棗有如此奇妙之功效，同時又物美價廉，民眾應該多加利用。\n \n\n\n\n『紅棗』補氣養血：小小一顆紅棗，功效卻很強。\n\n\n中醫的方子裡，常常見到它的蹤影，因為紅棗有緩和藥性的功能；\n紅棗能補氣養血，是很好的營養品。\n中國的草藥書籍「本經」中記載到，紅棗味甘性溫、脾胃經，\n有補中益氣，養血安神，緩和藥性的功能。\n現代藥理研究現，紅棗能使血中含氧量增強、滋養全身細胞，\n是一種藥效緩和的強壯劑。在中藥學裡，紅棗的應用可分為以下幾種：\n\n1. 健脾益胃：脾胃虛弱、腹瀉、倦怠無力的人，每日吃紅棗七顆，\n或與黨參、白朮共用，能 \n補中益氣、健脾胃，達到增加食慾、止瀉的功效；\n紅棗和生薑、半夏同用，可治療飲食不慎所引起的胃炎如胃脹、嘔吐等症狀。\n\n2. 補氣養血：紅棗為補養佳品，食療藥膳中常加入紅棗補養身體、滋潤氣血。\n台大免疫學孫安迪博士大力提倡平時多吃紅棗、黃耆、枸杞，\n能提昇身體的元氣，增強免疫力。\n\n3. 養血安神：女性躁鬱症、哭泣不安、心神不寧等，\n用紅棗和甘草、小麥同用〈甘麥大棗湯〉，\n可起到\n\n養血安神、舒肝解鬱的功效。\n\n4. 緩和藥性：紅棗常被用於藥性劇烈的藥方中，\n以減少烈性藥的副作用，並保護正氣。\n\n如：「十棗湯」中，用大棗緩解甘遂、大戟、蕪花等瀉藥的毒性，\n保護脾胃不受傷害。\n\n紅棗是補氣養血的聖品，同時又物美價廉，\n民眾無需去買坊間昂貴的補品，善用紅棗即可達到養生保健的功效。\n\n\n\n \nJujubes- (Chinese red dates) \n\n\n\n \n [The following is an excerpt translated from the above for reference only. Use of terms may not be accurate according to the original.] \n\n\n\nBesides extremely nutritious, Jujube (red dates) also has great health benefits. It is commonly known as the liver's body guard. Chinese herbal medicine books recorded that Jujube as \"sweet and warm\", and is most effective in nourishing the spleen and stomach meridians. Modern pharmacology found Jujube contains protein, fat, carbohydrates, organic acids, vitamin A, vitamin C, calcium, amino acids and other nutrients. Modern pharmacology also found that dates can protect the liver and play an important role in physical strength of human-being. \n \nIn the herbal pharmacy, the applications of Jujube (red dates) can be classified into the following categories: \n\n1. to enhance the spleen and stomach: \n2. to enhance the Chi and blood flow. \n3. to nourish the blood cells \n4. to neutralize the potent drugs \n\nJujubes, while inexpensive, can be used by ordinary people to achieve effective health care."],["topImageUrl","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/jujube2.gif"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","Diabetes mellitus"],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/DIAB.htm"],["summary","YESï¼ç³–å°¿ç—…å°¿æ¶²ä¸æœƒå«æœ‰ç³–åˆ†ç•¶æˆ‘å€‘é€²é£Ÿæ™‚ï¼Œèº«é«”æœƒè‡ªå‹•å°‡åƒé€²åŽ»çš„æ¾±ç²‰è½‰æ›æˆè‘¡è„ç³–ï¼Œä½œç‚ºèº«é«”çš„ç†±é‡ä¾†æºï¼Œæ¤æ™‚ä¾¿éœ€è¦èƒ°å³¶ç´ æ‰èƒ½è®“è‘¡è„ç³–é€²å…¥ç´°èƒžä¸ï¼Œä»¥æä¾›ç†±é‡ã€‚é€ æˆç³–å°¿ç—…çš„åŽŸå› å°±æ˜¯äººé«”å…§ä¸èƒ½è£½é€ è¶³å¤ çš„èƒ°å³¶ç´ ï¼Œå°Žè‡´è‘¡è„ç³–ç„¡æ³•å……åˆ†é€²å…¥ç´°èƒžå…§ï¼ŒéŽå¤šçš„ç³–åˆ†ä¾¿ç©èšåœ¨è¡€æ¶²ä¸ï¼Œä½¿è¡€ç³–æ¿ƒåº¦å¢žé«˜ã€è…Žè‡Ÿè² æ“”å¢žåŠ ï¼Œä¸¦ç¶“ç”±å°¿æ¶²æŽ’å‡ºï¼Œæ•…ç¨±ç‚ºç³–å°¿ç—…ã€‚NOï¼ç˜¦åä¹Ÿæœ‰å¯èƒ½ç½¹æ‚£ç³–å°¿ç—…ç³–å°¿ç—…æ˜¯ä¸€ç¨®ç³–é¡žä»£è¬å¤±è¡¡çš„ç–¾ç—…ï¼Œä¸»è¦ç™¼ç—…æˆå› ç²—åˆ†æˆå…©é¡žï¼š(Type \nI diabetes) \nç¬¬1åž‹ï¼šèº«é«”çš„å…ç–«ç³»çµ±å°è‡ªèº«ä½œå‡ºæ”»æ“Šï¼Œç ´å£žèƒ°è‡Ÿï¼Œè®“èº«é«”ç„¡æ³•è£½é€ èƒ°å³¶ç´ ã€‚ç™¼ç—…å¹´é½¡å¤šåœ¨é’å°‘å¹´æˆ–å¹¼å…’æ™‚æœŸï¼Œæ‚£è€…é«”åž‹å¤šå±¬æ¸…ç˜¦ï¼Œè€Œä¸”é€šå¸¸åœ¨å¾ˆçŸçš„æ™‚é–“å…§ä¾¿æœƒé¡¯ç¾åƒå¤šã€å–å¤šã€å°¿å¤šï¼Œä»¥åŠç–²å€¦ã€å™å¿ƒã€å£æ¸´ã€é«”é‡æ¸›è¼•ã€è¦–åŠ›ä¸‹é™ã€å¸¸å—æ„ŸæŸ“ã€å’Œå‚·å£è¼ƒé›£ç—Šç™’ã€‚(Type \nII diabetes) \nç¬¬2åž‹ï¼šèº«é«”å¯ä»¥åˆ†æ³Œè¶³å¤ çš„èƒ°å³¶ç´ ï¼Œä½†å»ç„¡æ³•å……ä»½ä½¿ç”¨ï¼Œä¹…è€Œä¹…ä¹‹é€ æˆèƒ°å³¶ç´ 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¸å‡†å—æ¨£ï¼Œå¦å‰‡èª¤ä¿¡åæ–¹åè€Œé©å¾—å…¶åã€‚ä½œæ¯æŽ§åˆ¶ï¼ç›¡é‡ç¶æŒå¿ƒæƒ…å¹³éœï¼Œå¸ç¿’å…‹æœç·Šå¼µã€æŽ’è§£å£“åŠ›çš„æ–¹æ³•ã€‚å¹³æ™‚ä¸ç†¬å¤œã€å–é…’ï¼Œæˆ’é™¤å¸ç…™ç¿’æ…£ï¼Œä¸¦é¤Šæˆå®šæœŸå¥åº·æª¢æŸ¥çš„ç¿’æ…£ã€‚å¦å¤–ï¼Œé©åº¦çš„é‹å‹•å¯ä¿ƒé€²è¡€æ¶²å¾ªç’°åŠèº«é«”çš„æ–°é™³ä»£è¬ã€‚"],["topImageUrl","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/DIAB_2.gif"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","The right time to do (exercise, sleep, etc.)"],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/TIME.htm"],["summary","好朋友﹐能把握最佳時間做﹐有益健康.....\n\n\n\n唸書的最佳時間﹕ \n早上醒來頭腦一定會昏昏的，但去洗把臉後，就會清醒多了，這時也是頭腦最清醒\n的時候，而在此時唸書或是記東西都會比較容易！ \n運動的最佳時間﹕\n在早晨的時候出去散散步是不錯的，因為早晨的空氣是最新鮮的，在散步時多呼\n吸些清新的空氣，不僅可以提神，對身體又很有幫助，但切記不要做劇烈運動喔！\n\n吃水果的最佳時間﹕ \n 飯前一小時吃水果最有益，因為水果是生食，吃生食再吃熟食，體內就不會有白\n細胞增高的反應，有利於保護人體免疫系統，增強防病抗癌的能力。(鳳梨,橘子,香\n蕉,宜飯後) \n\n鍛煉的最佳時間﹕ \n 傍晚時鍛鍊身體是最好的，因為人的各種活動都受〝生物鐘〞的\n影響，無論是身體的適應或體力的發揮都在下午近傍晚時分最佳，早上則反之，運\n動時的血壓和心率都較傍晚時高，對人體有害。 \n\n洗澡的最佳時間﹕ \n晚上臨睡前，洗一次溫水澡能讓全身的肌肉和關節放鬆，有助於安然入睡。\n減肥的最佳時間 ﹕ \n飯後 45分鐘。在二十分鐘內散步行程1600米，最有利於減肥。如過二小時後再散\n步二十分鐘，則減肥效果更佳。 \n睡眠的最佳時間 ﹕\n午睡最好從午後一小時開始，這時身體感覺較遲鈍，很容易入睡。晚上則以十時至\n十一時上床最佳，因為人的深睡時間一般在夜晚二時至淩晨三時，而人在睡後一個\n半小時進入深睡狀態。 \n\n(請參閱睡覺的訣竅一文。)\n\n刷牙的最佳時間﹕\n 應在每次進食後三分鐘內，因為飯後三分口腔內的細菌開始分解食物殘渣中的酸\n性物質，腐蝕溶解牙釉質。 \n護膚的最佳時間 >人體皮膚的新陳代謝夜間十二時至凌晨六時最為旺盛，因此睡前\n 護膚有促進和保護皮膚新陳代謝及保護皮膚健美的作用。 \n\n飲茶的最佳時間﹕\n飯後立即喝茶不科學，因為飯後立即喝茶，茶葉中的鞣酸可與食物中的鐵結合成不\n溶的鐵鹽，降低鐵的吸收，時間長了容易誘發貧血，等飯後一小時，食物中的鐵\n質已基本吸收完畢，這時喝茶就不會影響鐵的吸收了。 \n\n記住了﹐我親愛的朋友！ \n希望人人都能選對時間﹐才有健康的身體 \n在這世上人間最關心你的知音 \n永遠祝福你平安﹗健康﹗快樂﹗幸福﹗\n >\n\n\n\n\n\n\nWhen is the Right Time to do\n\n[Translation]\n\n\n\n\n\nThe best time to study> \n\nwhen you wake up after you wash your face, you mind is most clear. Study at this time, it is easy to memorize what you studied. \n\n\nThe best time to exercise> \n\nin the morning, it is good for walking because the air is fresh. But do not do strenuous exercise!\n \n\nThe best time to eat fruits>\n\nEating fruit one hour before meals is most beneficial because fruits are raw. It is more appropriate to eat raw then cooked food so that the body need not to elevate white blood cells to protect the body's immune system. This in turn enhances the anti-cancer mechanism. (Exceptions: Pineapples, oranges, bananas, should be taken after a meal) \n\n\nThe best time to exercise> \n\nEvening is the best time to exercise because human activities are subject to the \"biological clock\". On the contrary morning is not suitable for exercise and can be harmful. Exercise in the morning, blood pressure and heart beat are moving higher than the evening. \n\n\nThe best time to take a bath>\n\nBefore bedtime, a warm water bath allows the body to relax the muscles and joints. It also helps sleep peacefully. \n\n\nThe best time to lose weight> \n\n45 minutes after meals. A twenty minute walking (or 1600 meters), is most conducive to weight loss. If the walk is repeated two hours later, it would be even better. \n\n\nThe best time to sleep> \n\nthe best napping time is one hour passed noon. This time is the easiest in falling asleep. 10:00 pm to 11:00 p.m. is the best time to go to bed, because deep-sleep normally from one half of an hour to one hour after you fell asleep. \n\n\nThe best time to brush your teeth>\n\nWithin three minutes after each meal. After eating one-third of bacteria in the mouth begin to decompose acid residue in food which can cause corrosion of enamel. \n\n\nThe best time for skin care>\n\n Skin metabolism is most vigorous between midnight and 6 a.m. So before going to bed, skin care can promote the skin metabolism and lead to proper functioning. \n\n\nThe best time to drink tea> \n\nDrink tea immediately after a meal is not scientific. This is because tea tannin has iron-binding properties making it iron salts insoluble, and preventing iron absorption. Day after day, it is likely to cause anemia. It is more preferable to drink tea one hour after when iron in food has been absorbed. \n\nHope everyone can choose the right time to keep a healthy body. \nWish you safe and happy always!"],["topImageUrl","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/rwo.gif"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","FOOD, the good & the bad"],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/JUNF.htm"],["summary","See\n\n \n\n十大垃圾食物\n\n \n \n\n\n\n \n\n\n \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n\n\n[The following is simply a translation of the above. It is not the original \nsource document.]\n\n\nWHO named the most healthy and junk food \n\n\n\nNews source: The Times \n\n\nAfter about 3 years of study, the World Health Organization published \nthe following list of the best food. \n\nBest vegetables: \nsweet potato - rich in vitamins, cancer prevention, selected as the top \nof all vegetables. \nOthers include asparagus, cabbage, cauliflower, celery, eggplant, beets, \ncarrots, shepherd's purse, broccoli, golden straw mushroom, xuelihong (雪里紅), and \nbok choy (Chinese cabbage). \n\nBest fruits: \npapaya, strawberry, orange, mandarin orange, kiwi, mango, apricot, \npersimmon and watermelon. \n\nBest meat: \nthe chemical structure of ducks meat and geese meat are close to that of \nolive oil, good for the heart. Chicken is called \"the best source of protein\"\n \n\n\nBest cooking oils: \ncorn oil, rice bran oil, sesame oil, etc. is better, vegetable oil next \n\n\n\nBest soup: \nchicken soup, especially the soup made from hens can fight flu and bronchitis.\n The soup is most suitable for winter and spring. \n\n\nGuardians of the brain: \nspinach, chives, pumpkin, onion, cauliflower, peppers, peas, tomatoes, carrots,\n green cabbage, garlic, celery and other vegetables, walnuts, peanuts, pistachios,\n cashews, pine nuts, almonds, soybeans and other nuts, brown rice, liver \nand so on. \n\n\n\n\n \n\n\nMenu"],["topImageUrl","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/6g_food.gif"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","FOOD, the good & the bad"],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/JUNK.htm"],["summary","See\n\n \n最佳食品\n\n\n \n \n\n\n \n\n\n \n\n \n \n\n[The following is simply a translation of the above. It is not the original \nsource document.]\n\n\n Top ten junk food \n\n\n\n(News source: The Times)\n\n\n\n 1. deep-fried food: \n i) culprit of the cardiovascular disease (e.g., fried dough sticks) \n ii) contains carcinogen \n iii) destructs vitamins, alters the property of protein \n\n2. Preserved food \n i) could cause high blood pressure, kidney overload, and nasopharyngeal carcinoma \n ii) affects mucosal system (bad for gastrointestinal) \n iii) easy to get ulcers and inflammation \n\n3, Processed meat (dried meat, dried meat floss, sausage, etc.) \n i) contains nitrite (as preservative and coloring agent). Nitrite is one of the three carcinogens: \n ii) contains high amount of preservatives (heavier burden of the liver) \n\n4, biscuits (excluding low-temperature baking and whole wheat crackers) \n i) too much food flavor and coloring is a burden on the liver \n ii) seriously destroys vitamins \n iii) low nutrition resulted from excessive heat \n\n5, cola soft drinks \n i) contain phosphoric acid and carbonic acid which can take away lots of calcium from our body\n ii) contain high sugar content, can spoil appertide \n\n6, convenience food (mainly refers to instant noodles and puffed food) \n i) high salt, high preservatives, high flavors (can damage liver) \n ii) only calories, no nutrition \n\n7, canned food (including meat, fish and fruits) \n i) destructs vitamins, alters the property of protein\n ii) low nutrition resulted from excessive heat \n\n8, preserved dried products (preserved plums) \n i) contains nitrite (as preservative and coloring agent). Nitrite is one of the three carcinogens \n ii) 2, high salt, high preservatives, high flavors (damage liver)\n\n9, frozen desserts (ice cream, popsicles, etc.) \n i) easily lead to obesity \n ii) contain high sugar content, can spoil appertide \n\n10, grilled food \n i) contains \"triphenyl tetrapropanate\" (the first of three major cancer-causing substances) \n ii) one grilled chicken's toxicity = toxicity of smoking 60 cigarettes \n iii) alters protein into a charcoaled property (increases burden on kidney and liver)\n\n\n\n\n \n\n\nMenu \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nScroll down\nfor English"],["topImageUrl","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/10_junk.gif"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","Garlic on Rice, Ginger with honey"],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/GARC.htm"],["summary","一位朋友每天吃蒜頭蒸飯，晚餐用一把蒜頭切碎煮飯，半年之後高血壓消失了\n，痛風症消失了，坐骨神經痛亦消失了。\n\n對於目前流行的非典型肺炎，他認為吃蒜頭是增強免疫力的方法，因為蒜頭是\n「窮人靈芝」，能通血管及清除毒素，以前美軍亦用作隨身解毒劑。\n\n蒜頭炒飯:蒜頭越多越香,拍碎,油鍋炒香蒜頭放入鹽 ,煮好的飯放如加葫椒鹽拌炒\u0014\n起鍋。另一位朋友提醒要多食維他命 C以增強抵抗力，並切忌吃煎炸熱氣食物，\n免引致喉嚨發炎，病毒就由此攻入。 \n\n\n \n\n\n\n \nSteamed Rice with Garlic \n\n\n\n \n [The following is an excerpt translated from the above for reference only. Use of terms may not be accurate according to the original.] \n\n\n\n\nA friend after eating rice steamed with chopped garlic for six months, his high blood pressure, gout and sciatica symptoms disappeared.\nIt is widely belied that eating garlic is a way of enhancing the immune system. Garlic is considered the \"lingzhi\" (ganoderma lucidum), for the poor. It has the effect to pass blood vessels and remove toxins from within. The U.S. military has previously \nused garlic as a portable antidote. \n\n\n\nApart from steaming, garlic can be used in cooking fried rice with salt and pepper for better taste. \n\n\n\n\n \n老薑的用途\n \n\n\n\n蒜頭之外﹐原來薑也是一樣有用。蒜頭及老薑是「廉價靈芝」\n真沒想到蒜頭及薑的好處多多!\n薑對身體很有益處，愛美又想要健康的人，不妨試試看吧！ \n薑湯做法：\n\n 1. 約十公克的薑磨成糊狀。 \n 2. 把薑糊放入玻璃杯裡。 \n 3. 注入滾燙的熱開水。 \n4. 加入一匙蜂蜜，拌勻後飲用。 \n 5. 男女老少都適合飲用。\n\n \n老薑切片或拍碎煮黑糖，功效一樣！\n連續喝兩個月\n\n（每天早晨入浴前各喝一次）\n\n據書本記載的見證：\n\n(1) 身體變溫暖，手腳冰冷的『怕冷症』體質明顯改善。 \n (2) 體重可減輕約十公斤。 \n (3) 皮膚變得細嫩。 \n(4) 去掉多餘贅肉，腰圍變細。\n\n\n參看﹕\n 薑的好處多得很\n\n\nBesides garlic, ginger is also beneficial to health and beauty. So give it a try! \n \n\nGinger and Honey drink: \n\n1. About 10 grams of ginger ground into a paste. \n\n2. Put the ginger paste in a glass. \n\n3. Add boiling water. \n\n4. Add a spoonful of honey, mix well \n\n5. The drink is suitable for both men and women \n\n\n\n(Cook crushed ginger slices with brown sugar will have the same effect.) Drinking twice daily for two months, the following is a list of proven results according to some written testimony: \n\n\n\n (1) cold hands and feet syndrome has been improved. \n\n (2) reduce body weight about 10 kg. \n\n (3) the skin becomes smoother. \n\n (4) remove excess fat, waist trimmed. \n\nAlso see﹕\nThe Benefits of Gingers"],["topImageUrl","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/rice_w_garlic.gif"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","Avoiding Alzheimer's"],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/ALZH.htm"],["summary","每天走路40分鐘老年不失智 \n\n\n\n阿茲海默症(ALZHEIMER)的最大危險因子是年齡，隨著年齡增加而增加。60歲以上老\n人約1%有阿茲海默症，之後每增5歲，罹病率就增加一倍，到了80歲，就有將近2成\n的人有阿茲海默症。如果能將發病年齡延後5年，則罹病者人數將減半，這就是「打\n造一個沒有阿茲海默的世界」的真諦。 \n\n\n\n如何打造呢？可由幾方面著手：大腦多動動頭好壯壯 \n\n\n\n多年來許多流行病學、腦部灌流及動物實驗的研究均顯示，高教育或多動腦者較不\n易罹患阿茲海默症。其實教育或多動腦不能改變大腦結構，但可增強腦力，就是增\n加大腦的知能存款，禁得起大腦退化時的提領。因此，多動腦可以讓失智的症狀延\n後發生，甚至即使大腦已有阿茲海默症的病變，也不會出現失智的症狀。 \n動腦方法以閱讀雜誌、書報最有效。打牌、打麻將、拼字遊戲、填數獨、造訪親友、\n看電視、聽收音機等休閒活動也都是不錯的選擇。養成終身學習的習慣是退休人士\n動腦的最好方法，不管是讓自己的專長繼續成長、上網學習，培養新興趣，參加社\n區大學或各種團體等，都是動腦的好方法。 \n\n\n\n運動健健美走路最好 \n\n\n\n運動是真正的青春之源。動物實驗顯示有氧運動可增加大腦微血管、神經細胞間的\n突觸、新生的神經細胞與神經生長因子，並降低腦中類澱粉含量。運動還可以降血\n壓、膽固醇，減少心血管疾病，也可減少罹患大腸癌、骨質疏鬆、糖尿病、肥胖、\n憂鬱症的機會，增強老年人注意力、執行及規劃能力。\n\n\n最近不少流行病學研究顯示，多運動（尤其是走路）可減少知能的減退或失智症。\n例如美國的護士健康研究（The Nurses' Health Study），追蹤18766位70到81歲的\n護士8到15年，發現每星期至少走1.5小時者比每星期走路少於38分鐘者的知能減退\n明顯為少。另一個夏威夷-亞洲研究（Honolulu-Asia Study）針對2257名71到93歲\n的男性居民追蹤7年，發現每天走路少於0.4公里者得到阿茲海默症的機會比每天走\n3.2公里者多了77%。 \n\n\n\n地中海飲食長壽之道\n\n\n\n科學家早就注意到老鼠食量如果減少30%，壽命也相對延長30%，且對空間記憶與學\n習能力也較強。 \n過去流行病學的調查發現，飲食中含較多的魚或不飽和脂肪酸的低脂肪攝取民眾，\n得到阿茲海默症的機會較低。2006年美國哥倫比亞大學的研究，針對平均年齡77歲\n的2258位社區居民追蹤4年，發現常吃地中海式飲食（多蔬果、豆類、穀類、橄欖油、\n適量魚、酒、少量肉、家禽）者比不吃地中海式飲食者得阿茲海默症的機會少了40%，\n可見清淡飲食的重要性。 \n以上方法是傳統養生之道，只是如今用科學方法加以驗證罷了。\n\n\n所以不論老少，從今天開始就多動腦，養成終身學習的習慣，與朋友保持聯繫，多\n參與休閒活動，每天走路至少40分鐘，只要是10分鐘內的路程就走路、不坐車，飲\n食清淡、多蔬果，如此不僅身體健康，精神愉快，而且得到阿茲海默症的機會也大\n為減少，離「沒有阿茲海默的世界」就不遠了。"],["topImageUrl","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/rwo.gif"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","Tai Chi stops shingles"],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/MOVM.htm"],["summary","Tai Chi Stops Shingles\n\n\n\n常練太極可預防生蛇(帶狀皰疹) \n[譯文]\n\n\n\n\n \n太極拳一向被認為是一種輕柔的老年人健身運動。最近一項研究中指出，它能給予\n中老年人健身和平衡以外的功效。它可能有助於預防帶狀皰疹(俗稱生蛇)，一種50歲\n以上的人常會患上與水痘病毒相關的痛症。\n \n研究發現，經常練習緩慢而優美太極拳的老年人比那些只受過健康教育而沒有練過\n拳的人﹐對這病毒之免疫有更良好反應。\n \n目前還未清楚這古老的中國武術如何影響免疫系統。但通過研究的成果﹐健康專家\n們都感到十分鼓舞。\n \n美國國家老人研究所曾贊助 U.C.L.A. Michael Irwin 博士的研究﹐研究所的Adrew \nMonjan 說﹕“誰都知道人老了要多多保重身體﹐然而我們正見著它可能解答到科學\n的疑問。”\n \n對加州 Sunnyvale 太極學校的創辦人和教練 Howard Chuck 來說，這結果並不足為\n奇。他的學生都不是為防生蛇而來，但學拳人士很踴躍﹐而年長者特別喜愛太極拳\n的以意行拳。他並說﹕“練太極需要集中精神用意念﹐而不是僅僅用體力的。\n \n\n\n\n \n\n\n\n \n\n \n\nmenu"],["topImageUrl","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/movm.jpg"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","Warm Water After Meals"],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/WWAM.htm"],["summary","The Chinese and Japanese drink hot tea with their meals, not cold water, \nmaybe it is time we adopt their drinking habit while eating. \nFor those who like to drink cold water, this article is applicable to you. \nIt is nice to have a cup of cold drink after a meal. However, the cold water \nwill solidify the oily stuff that you have just consumed. It will slow down \nthe digestion. Once this \"sludge\" reacts with the acid, it will break down \nand be absorbed by the intestine faster than the solid food. It will line \nthe intestine. Very soon, this will turn into fats and lead to cancer. It \nis best to drink hot soup or warm water after a meal.\n\n\n\n\n\n\n飯後冷飲會得腸癌\n\n\n\n\n\n不要不相信﹑很多人習慣吃飽飯後就來一瓶冷飲，尤其是一些罐裝茶飲料；號稱可\n以「去油解膩」。喝下去是很爽沒有錯，但你有沒有想過接下來你的肚子裡會發生\n什麼事？\n\n快動動大腦想想吧！你肚子裡的牛排(或是鹹酥雞、滷味都是油膩膩的食物，腸胃要\n消化本來就比較吃力了。現在再倒入一瓶冰水有沒有看過冰箱裡面的豬油牛油啊？\n你能想像把上面那層白白的凝固油吞進肚子裡嗎？噁﹐當你的腸胃裡有一塊塊蠟燭\n般的凝固油，還去什麼油、解什麼膩咧﹖如果只是噁心的話就算了，重點是—會得\n腸癌！ \n\n這些凝固油碰到胃酸會再度溶解成半液狀，然後會比固態食物早一步流進腸道裡。\n於是那稠稠黏黏、油不油水不水的物質就會率先被腸道吸收。但是！腸道並沒有辦\n法完全吸收排除這些詭異的物質；腸璧絨毛會沾滿油脂。就好像冬天要洗牛肉湯的\n鍋子一樣，怎麼洗都還是覺得油膩膩。而且久而久之這種噁 \n心的東西就會附著在腸道壁上—你總不能往腸子裡倒沙拉脫吧？\n\n經過經年累月的堆積和質變，這些東西輕則導致息肉，更有可能的是病變成腸癌！\n 所以趕快改掉這種要命的壞習慣﹐飯後不要馬上灌冷飲，最好是喝點熱湯或溫開水\n就好啦！然後平常沒事多喝優酪乳。優酪乳可以讓腸道裡多點好菌、趕走壞菌，幫\n你的腸子來個大掃除，讓腸道更乾淨～ \n\n再告訴你一件更噁心的事—得了腸癌，要在肚子上裝人工肛門才能大便耶！你不想\n要有這種遭遇吧？快讓你所關心的人知道，別讓他們裝人工肛門啊！"],["topImageUrl","https://www.philcheung.com/Health/rwo.gif"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","Foods To Prevent Alergies"],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/ALGY.htm"],["summary","食物防春季過敏 \n\n\n\n\t\t\t(星島週刊 04/15/2007 第678 期)\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n\n\n\n \n\n\n春天常吃幾種食物，可起到抗過敏的作用。\n\n\n蜂蜜 \n專家提出，每天喝一勺蜂蜜就可以遠離傷風氣喘瘙癢咳嗽等季節性過敏症狀。\n蜂蜜能夠預防過敏的原因有兩個：一是其中含有微量的蜂毒。蜂毒是蜜蜂體內的\n一種有毒液體，但在臨床上被用於支氣管哮喘等過敏性疾病的治療。二是蜂蜜裹\n面含有一定的花粉粒，經常喝會對花粉過敏產生一定的抵抗能力。\n\n\n紅棗 \n日本學者研究發現，紅棗中含有大量抗敏物質環磷酸腺，可阻止過敏反應的發生。\n凡有過敏症狀的患者，可以經常服用紅棗。服用方法為︰\n (1) 紅棗10 枚，水煎服，每日3 次。\n (2) 生食紅棗，每次10克，每日3次。 \n (3) 紅棗10枚，大麥 100 克，加水煎服，日服2-3次。\n以上均服至過敏症狀消失為止。大棗水煎時掰開煎為好，煎熬時不宜加糖。\n\n\n金針菇 \n經常食用金針菇有利於排除重金屬離子和代謝產生的毒素和廢物，能有效地增強機\n體活力。新加坡的研究人員發現，金針菇菌柄中含有一種蛋白，可以抑制哮喘﹑鼻\n炎﹑濕疹等過敏性病症，沒有患病的人也可以通過吃金針菇來加強免疫系統。\n\n\n胡蘿蔔 \n日本專家發現胡蘿卜中的 β-胡蘿蔔素能有效預防花粉過敏症，過敏性皮炎等過\n敏反應。據有關報道，日本專家通過實驗鼠研究發現，β-胡蘿蔔素能調節細胞內\n的平衡，使實驗鼠難出現過敏反應。\n\n\n\n Get Ready for the Allergy Season\n\n\n\n\t\t\t(Translated from Sing Tao Weekly 04/15/2007 No. 678)\n\n\n\n\n\n\nDuring the allergy season in spring, certain food can play an important role in prevention of allergy. \n\n\nHoney \nExperts say, taking a spoonful of honey every day can keep you away from the common cold, asthma, coughing, and seasonal allergies.\nHoney can prevent allergies for two reasons: \nFirst, it contains a small amount of venom. Bee venom is toxic, but has been used in clinical asthma and other allergic diseases. \nSecond, honey contains certain pollens and having honey in your body can build resistance against allergy.\n\n\n \nJujube \nJapanese researchers found that jujube contains a large number of anti-allergic materials which can prevent allergic reactions from occurring.\nPatients who have allergies can always take dates in one of the methods:\n (1) 10 red dates, make tea by boiling them in water, drink 3 times a day.\n (2) eat raw dates, each time 10 grams, 3 times a day.\n (3) 10 red dates, 100 grams of barley, boil them in water, eat them, 2-3 times daily.\n Continue with dosage in any of the above methods until allergy symptoms goes away. It is better off to break the dates apart before boiling them in water. Do not add sugar.\n\n \nFlammulina \nFlammulina, a kind of edible straw mushroom, often helps in getting rid of metal ions, toxins and waste. This can effectively enhance body functions to fight allergies. Singapore researchers found, mushroom straws contain protein that can inhibit asthma, nose itching,\neczema and other allergic inflammatory disease. People with illness can take this kind of mushroom to enhance the immune system.\n \nCarrots \nJapanese experts found that β-carotene in carrots can prevent hay fever, allergic dermatitis and other allergic reaction. \nAccording to the reports, from tests conducted on mice, experts found that β-carotene can keep intracellular activity \nbalance, hence hard for mice to have allergy.\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n\n \n\n\n目錄 \n\n \n\n\n\n\n相關資料﹕\n\n\n鼻敏感效湯"],["topImageUrl","https://www.philcheung.com/Health/rwo.gif"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","The Amazing Bananas (香蕉的神奇)"],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/banana.htm"],["summary","香蕉含有三種天然糖份：蔗糖、果糖和葡萄糖；再加上纖維質。香蕉可即時提升人的\n功能。 \n研究顯示，兩條香蕉，可以提供足夠能量維持 90 分鐘劇烈的運動。難怪很多世界\n知名的運動員都以香蕉為首選生果。但是，香蕉不單隻提供能量。香蕉還可以幫我\n們克服或治療好多病症和身體狀況，使我們必需把香蕉加進每天的餐單。\n\n \n抑鬱症：\n\n最近一項調查發現，患抑鬱症的人，在吃過香蕉後，感覺好好多。因為香蕉含胺基\n酸，會轉化成血清促進素，令人鬆馳、提升情緒。 \n \n貧血：\n\n香蕉鐵質含量高，能刺激血液內的血色素。 \n \n血壓高：\n\n香蕉含極高量的鉀，但鹽份低，最理想是降血壓。最近，美國食品及藥物管理局宣\n佈，允許香蕉業宣傳香蕉能降低血壓高和中風機會。 \n \n腦力：\n\n在英國 Twickenha 就有 200 名學生，為了要提升腦力，幫助考試，在學期開始，\n於早餐、小休和午飯，都吃適量香蕉。研究顯示，含豐富鉀質的香蕉，能提高學生\n的專注力，對他們讀書有所幫助。 \n \n便泌：\n\n香蕉的纖維質很高，可幫助回覆腸胃正常活動，消除便泌，無需服用輕瀉劑。 \n \n宿醉：\n\n香蕉奶色加蜜糖可以即時解酒。香蕉鬆馳胃部，蜜糖提升血糖水平，奶抒緩精神和\n製做炭水化合物。 \n \n心絞痛：\n\n香蕉對身體有一種天然的制酸性，有鎮痛作用。 \n早上無精打彩。早餐後午飯前，吃少量香蕉可保持血糖水平。 \n \n蚊釘蟲咬﹕\n\n用香蕉皮內部輕擦患處，可退腫消炎。 \n \n緊張：\n\n香蕉的維生素 B含量高，可幫助抒緩神經系統。 \n \n超重：\n\n澳地利心理學學校研究發現，工作壓力大，使員工會不斷進食巧力克和薯片去抒緩\n情緒。研究員對 5000名醫院的病人做研究，發體型肥胖的，通常都是司職壓力非常\n大的工作。研究總結認為，要避免引起對抒緩情緒食物的欲念，就應該約每兩小時\n吃一點高炭水化合物的食物，以降低身體內的血糖水平。 \n \n胃潰瘍：\n\n香蕉是調理腸胃失調的食方，因為香蕉有著柔軟的纖維而且柔滑。對於長期患者來\n說，香蕉是唯一可以進食的未煮熟食物，而不會有不良反應。香蕉還可以中和胃酸\n和減少疼痛。 \n \n體溫控制：\n\n在不同國家、地區和文化中，都有把香蕉作為一種「降溫」的果物，可以用作降低\n身、心的熱度。在泰國，孕婦為了使嬰兒出生時有較為涼快的環境，臨盤時就會吃\n香蕉。 \n \n戒菸：\n\n香蕉可以幫助戒菸。香蕉含維生素 B6 和 B12 ，也含鉀和鎂，可以複元戒菸者因為\n沒有了尼古丁刺激的影響。 \n \n壓力：\n\n香蕉所含的鉀，可以調節心跳使之正常化，從而將氧氣順利送到大腦，與及調節身\n體的水份。當受到壓力緊張時，我們的新陳代謝就會加快，因而使鉀的水平一降。\n鉀含量高的香蕉，正好作補充。 \n \n中風：\n\n據著名醫學雜誌 \"The New England Journal of Medicine\" 的研究指出，長期吃香\n蕉，中風死亡的機會率大大降低 40% 。 \n香蕉的確可以治療許多疾病。如果跟蘋果比較，香蕉多四倍蛋白質、多兩倍碳水化\n合物、多三倍磷質、多五倍維生素 A 和鐵質、多兩倍其他維生素和礦物質。香蕉也\n含豐富的鉀，是最有益的食物。所以，應該把那句老句子改為：「一日一香蕉，醫\n生遠離我。」 \n\nPS 猴子經常都情緒高漲和開心，應該是吃得多香蕉的原因。還有，想皮鞋潔亮如新？\n嘗試用香蕉皮的裡面，直接擦到皮鞋，然後用乾布擦淨，效果立見。真神奇的生果！\n \n \n香蕉緩解眼睛干澀避免其過早衰老：\n\n在電腦前工作的人常常會覺得眼睛干澀或紅腫、疼痛，如果每天吃一根香蕉，就能\n起到一定的緩解作用。這是台灣番薯藤健康網站的一篇文章日前告訴讀者的。文章\n中指出，香蕉保護眼睛的功能首先和其中含量豐富的鉀有關。人體攝入鹽份過多，\n會導致細胞中存留大量的水分，引起眼睛紅腫。香蕉中的鉀可以幫助人體排出這些\n多余的鹽分，讓身體達到鉀鈉平衡，緩解眼睛的不適症狀。此外，香蕉中含有大量\n的胡蘿卜素。當人體缺乏這種物質時，眼睛就會變得疼痛、干澀、眼珠無光、失水\n少神，多吃香蕉不僅可減輕這些症狀，還可在一定程度上緩解眼睛疲勞，避免其過\n早衰老 !"],["topImageUrl","https://www.philcheung.com/Health/banana_e.gif"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title",null],["url","http://wwwphilcheung.com/Health/BANATNF.htm"],["summary",null],["topImageUrl",null],["error","NOT_REACHABLE"]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","Crohn's (Inflammatory Bowel) Disease"],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/CDDS.htm"],["summary","慢性腸炎克隆氏病\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n克隆氏病是一種慢性腸炎。它是一種特殊類型的炎症性腸病(IBD)。\n什麼原因導致克隆氏症目前醫學界尚未知。一般認為是免疫\n系統有異常反應令細菌在腸道內“橫行霸道”。\n\n患者經常會出現腹痛、腸腔潰爛，嚴重影響消化系統運作，病人因不能吸收，所以\n極消瘦，甚至營養不良。有些人可能有腹瀉 10至20次。\n有些人無故突然消瘦體重下降。有些人也可能在一段長時間只有輕微症狀或無任何\n症狀。感染，荷爾蒙改變，吸煙，壓力可能會導致你的症狀突發。特別警訊包括身\n體虛弱，脈搏時快時弱，嚴重腹痛，發熱﹐發冷發抖，反覆嘔吐等等。\n\n此病很難醫治，不會斷尾，現時要依靠服食類固醇及抗排斥藥來控制病情，但部分\n人病情反覆，除服藥外，要接受切除腸道外科手術。近年有新藥控制此病，但價錢\n昂貴，一年針藥需約八多萬港元。\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n\n \n \n\n\nCROHN'S DISEASE \nIt is a particular type of IBD or Inflammatory Bowel Disease. \nWhat causes Crohn's disease is unknown. The general believe is the immune \nsystem has an abnormal response to bacteria in the intestine. Other kinds \nof bacteria and viruses may also play a role in causing the disease. The \ndisease can run in families. Your chances of getting it are higher if a close \nfamily member has it. Smoking also puts you at a higher risk for the disease.\n\n\nThe main symptoms of Crohn's disease are belly pain and diarrhea (sometimes \nwith blood). Some people may have diarrhea up to 20 times a day. Losing \nweight without trying is another common symptom. Infections, hormonal changes,\n smoking, and stress can cause the symptoms to flare up. Some may have only \nmild symptoms or go for long periods of time without any symptoms. Warning \nsigns are feeling faint, fast and weak pulse, severe belly pain, fever or \nshaking chills, vomiting repeatly. \nThere is currently no non-surgical cure for Crohn's or colitis. The medications \nused for treatment are extremely costly and pain horrific."],["topImageUrl","https://www.philcheung.com/ccfa.jpg"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","10 Excretion Assistants"],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/EXCR.htm"],["summary","(\nEnglish)\n\n \n\n\n\n\nExcellent Toxin Removal Food\n\n\n\n\n\t\t\t(錄自星島週刊)\n\n\n \n\n\n\n現代社會毒素無所不在，因此 “排毒” 是十分重要的自我保健法，但健康排毒卻\n\n不是每個人都有的觀念。了解體內毒素的來源及其對身體的傷害，才能用適當的方\n\n法，飲食或藥物來排毒，若使用不當，不僅無法排毒，更可能導致另一種毒害。使\n\n用各種排毒法之前，應詢問醫師的意見，以免誘使其他併發症產生。在眾多食物中\n\n Vita 雜誌特別邀請中醫師，生機專家與營養師等，挑選最適合東方人的十大排毒\n\n食物。許多人都會這麼想; “ 不生病就是健康 “﹐ 然而﹐ 就是這樣錯誤的健康\n\n念，\n往往讓人在不知不覺中讓健康的身體被啃蝕掉。而造成不健康的最大主因，\n就是不正確的飲食觀念及生活習慣。其實，現代人身處在強大競爭壓力的生活中為\n\n了尋求平衡，讓口腹之慾不斷擴大，在長期接觸各式高脂肪﹐高膽固醇﹑高鈉﹑ 低\n\n纖維﹑低碳水化合物, 化學添加物之後, 使人們的免疫系統功能開始失調或衰退,進\n\n而罹患各種慢性病或導致疾病人侵。而發達的醫學科技, 只讓我們不斷地陷於藥劑\n\n使用, 卻忽略了根本的錯誤飲食習慣, 不良生活習慣問題。而健康排毒食物, 就是\n\n吃進去對身體有用的養分, 排除對身體有負擔, 有傷害的物質, 讓身體保持健康的\n\n飲食方法。試想現代多種食物都混有農藥等, 身體每時每刻接觸的毒素舉不勝舉, \n\n它們積累在體內, 堵塞內臟, 篩檢程式和動脈, 導致可能的嚴重疾病, 而且對肥胖\n\n症起到火上加油的作用, 一旦毒素從體內排除了, 脂肪也就自然會排出體外。大體\n\n上許多食物都有排毒效果, 烹飪方式也會影響排毒。身體排毒的方法有許多, 但用\n\n高纖低油低脂低糖低鹽的方式, 以最普及化的地瓜, 糙米, 生鮮蔬果做排毒素食材\n\n, 不但安全, 經濟易實行, 接受度高, 且改變體質效果顯著。以下是十種隨手可得\n\n的排毒好食物。 \n\n\n1. 海藻\n\n含豐富的海藻多醣體,鹼性度最高, 能中和胃酸,並有促進體內排毒,預防脂肪堆積,幫\n\n\n助代謝功能。海帶富含藻膠酸﹑甘露醇﹑ 蛋白質﹑脂肪﹑糖類﹑ 粗纖維﹑ 胡蘿蔔\n\n素﹑\n維生素B1﹑維生素B2﹑維生素C﹑尼克酸﹑碘﹑鈣﹑磷﹑鐵等多種成分。尤其是含豐\n\n\n富的碘,對人體十分有益﹑可治療甲狀腺腫大和碘缺乏而引起的病症。它所含的蛋白\n\n\n質中, 包括 8 種氨基酸。海帶的碘化物被人體吸收後﹐ 能加速病變和炎症滲出物\n\n的排\n除。並有降血壓﹐防止動脈硬化的作用。\n\n\n\n2. 洋蔥\n洋蔥能促進腸胃蠕動, 加強消化能力, 且含有豐富的硫和蛋白質結合的情形最好, \n對肝臟特別有益, 因此有助於排毒。洋蔥性溫又可以發汗散寒, 排水腫, 含硫化合\n物, 能夠排出體內農藥等不良物質。推薦吃法: 加在各式三明治中﹔也可以切粒加\n在湯品中。也可以煮一鍋以洋蔥為主的蔬菜湯, 加入綠花椰菜, 胡蘿蔔, 芹菜等多\n種高纖蔬果, 能分解體內累積的毒素, 有助排便。 \n\n\n\n3. 綠豆\n是中醫常用來接觸多種食物或藥物毒素的一味中藥﹐常食綠豆能幫助排除體內毒素﹐\n\n促\n進肌體的正常代謝。綠豆湯是排毒養顏的佳品﹐在綠豆湯中調入蜂蜜飲用﹐排毒養\n\n顏效\n果更好。不少人會經常食用綠豆芽, 只因它經濟實惠。但很少人知道綠豆芽還具有\n\n較高的藥用價值。推薦吃法﹕ 煮成薏仁綠豆湯﹐ 退火又好喝﹔綠豆煮爛與豆漿或\n\n牛奶打成汁飲用。\n\n\n\n4. 地瓜\n拜健康風潮之賜, 地瓜的行情也愈炒高, 一年比一年貴,今年更出現了黃﹑ 紅﹑紫 \n三色地瓜以及口感更細更香的栗子地瓜。地瓜所含的纖維質鬆軟易消化, 可促進腸\n 胃蠕動, 有助排便。地瓜含有幫助消化的纖維質, 也是一種鹼性食品,含高纖維素\n,除可以滑腸通便外, 還可中和人體內所累積過多的酸, 如吃太多的肉類蛋,或疲勞\n引起的酸。此外地瓜中的膠原及粘液多醣類物質, 可以預防動脈血管硬化與保持血\n管彈性, 加強多餘膽固醇的排泄作用, 是一種好吃又有用的蔬菜。推薦吃法:最棒\n的吃法是烤地瓜, 而且連皮一起烤, 一起吃掉, 味道爽口甜美。一般來說, 吃地瓜\n當然也必須配合自然律例作息, 能夠在上午6 點半以前排便, 就能讓小腸吸收地瓜\n90% 以上的功效。尤其是癌症或是重症患者想要靠地瓜袪病, 一定要砥礪自己在上\n午6 點半以前吃完地瓜, 7 點以前排便。一般人若是無法在上午6 點半以前吃完, \n也應該要在中午12 點以前吃完。因為下午以後身體的新陳代謝變差, 地瓜的醣容\n易累積, 因此中午12 點以後就不應該再吃地瓜了。 \n\n\n\n5. 花椰菜\n屬十字花科,具抗氧化功效己有醫學證明可以抵抗癌症此外也有清熱利尿預防水腫並\n\n提昇免疫系統。花椰菜有綠色和白色兩種, 含有豐富的 β 胡蘿蔔素, \n\n維生素B1及C 。還含有豐富的鈣﹑硫﹑鉀和少量的硒(Se)這種物質具有抗癌的功效\n\n,並且可以預防心臟疾病和關節炎等症狀), 另外, 花椰菜中也含有一種物質稱為lndol-3 \n\ncarbonal, 可以增女性雌激素的分泌, 防止乳癌, 所以多吃椰菜有益身體健康。推\n\n薦吃法: 可與海鮮食材搭配食用。直接用水燙過實用, 簡單灑上鹽巴, 味道鮮美也\n\n最營養。\n\n\n6. 南瓜\n清代名醫陳修園說: 南瓜為補血之妙品。(本草網目) 稱南瓜有補中(脾胃)益氣之效。\n\n(醫藥篆要)也指南瓜有益氣救肺之效。其實南瓜之所以受到這麼高的評價, 是因為\n\n它是一種極富有營養的健康食品。秋天氣候乾燥, 增加含有豐富維生素A﹑E 的食品\n\n, 可增強機體免疫力, 對改普秋燥症狀大有裨益。而南瓜剛好就含有豐富的維生素\n\nE。\n最後南瓜所含的豐富果膠,可“吸附”細菌和有毒物質, 包重金屬, 鉛等, 起到排毒\n\n作用。同時, 果膠可保護胃部受剌激, 減少潰瘍。建議吃法:可用南瓜煮粥或湯, 滋\n\n養腸胃。\n\n\n7. 菇類\n\n菇類含有豐富的粘多醣體,蛋白質和水分, 纖維質,礦物質等,具有抗癌,排毒,健康的\n\n功效,不但營養價值高,而且具有高纖, 低熱量的特性,所以是減肥時期的減肥聖品, \n\n多吃菇類可以讓你有飽足感, 也不會發胖。而菇除了在健康上的許多好處是大家都\n\n耳熟能詳的之外, 因為菇類含有核甘酸, 滋味鮮美又香甜, 在烹煮上更是相當方便\n\n,容易。建議吃法:在濃濃的雞湯中煮蘑菇吃, 味道鮮美, 也可以煮成菇類煲飯, 好\n\n吃又有飽足感。\n\n\n8. 芽菜\n芽菜其實就是各種作物的幼苗,它含有極高的營養,它的蛋白質含量超過各種肉類,1 \n\n公克的芽菜蛋白約等於4 公克的肉類蛋白。芽菜不僅含有粗蛋白和銨基酸,也含有維\n\n他命及鈣,鉀,鐵等礦物質,尤其維他命C 的含量更多加上含少量的脂肪﹑澱粉﹑糖分﹑\n\n對於預防便秘﹑貧血﹑減肥等,有非常良好的效果, 是非常理想的自然健康食品。有\n\n豐富的活性酵素, 排毒效果佳,並幫助排便,且具蓬鬆又沒有蔬菜的苦澀味, 容易有\n\n飽足感。推薦吃法: 苜蓿芽搭配各種芽菜, 淋上無糖優格, 與有機梅子醬或是蜂蜜\n\n等, 拌成沙拉, 在飯前空腹吃, 具有減肥與排毒效果。\n\n\n9. 香菜\n\n香菜營養豐富,香菜內含維生素C, 胡蘿蔔素﹑維生素B1﹑B2 等,同時還含有豐富的\n\n礦物質, 如鈣,鐵,磷,鎂等, 香菜內還含有揮發油, 蘋果酸鉀等。香菜中含的維生素\n\nC 的量比普通蔬菜高得多, 一般人食用7-10克香菜葉就能滿足人體對維生素C 的需\n\n求量; 香菜中所含的胡蘿蔔素要比西紅柿﹑ 菜豆﹑黃瓜等高出10 倍多。建議吃法\n\n; 三餐中都加大量的香菜, 早餐可把香菜和蘋果,葡萄乾,堅果類等打成汁喝;中午再\n\n把香菜加入蘸料中配著主食吃;晚餐可以香菜炒蛋﹑南瓜, 或直接拌飯吃。\n\n\n10. 蘋果\n\n蘋果含有豐富的維他命B1﹑B﹑C 及胡蘿蔔素﹑ 維他命B5; 此外還含有糖類﹑脂肪﹑\n\n蛋白質﹑果膠﹑鈣﹑鉀﹑鐵﹑鋅﹑纖維素﹑蘋果酸﹑鞣酸等。而蘋果皮有的車菊素\n\n有止嚦嘔功效。可惜現在許多蘋果外皮有石蠟和農藥殘留, 不宜吃食。另外, 蘋果\n\n富含鋅元素, 鋅就是構成與記憶有密切關係的核酸和蛋白質不可或缺的元素。一旦\n\n缺鋅, 大腦皮層邊沿海馬區即發育不, 影響記憶力。是以多吃蘋果有提高智能的功\n\n效。建議吃法;宿便有害健康, 多吃蘋果可以幫助排除宿便。最後介紹一款綜合的宿\n\n便排毒餐, 不但減瘦, 連痛風, 高血脂和花粉過敏等毛病也不見了, 週末腸道大掃\n\n除, 優酪乳﹑ 地瓜﹑ 蘋果是最方便的排宿便食物。排毒餐的吃也很簡單, 完全不\n\n需要節食, 可以正常飲食, 只是把週五與週六晚上的晚餐, 用優酪乳配地瓜或蘋果\n\n的排毒餐取化, 即可達到週日上午痛快排除宿便的目標。\n\n \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n\n \n\n\n目錄"],["topImageUrl","https://www.philcheung.com/Health/10EXH.jpg"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","Intestines Health"],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/INTEST_1.htm"],["summary","(\nEnglish)\n \n\n\n\n\n\n簡易運動篇\n\n\n \n\n\n\n\n\n腸命七大秘訣\n \n\n\n\n腸道照顧好﹐ 百病不來找！ \n\n\n\n\n(資料來源﹕[腸保健康 I'v gut health] email circuration)\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n多攝取乳酸菌好處多多。 \n\n\n\n近幾年來，隨著生活水準的提昇，醫學上卻發現以下事實： \n\n\n\n1. 國人腸道健康普遍惡化，腸癌死亡率高居第三位，發生年齡逐年下降。\n2. 在我國有16.6%死亡率、14.4 %醫院就診率，及15.4 %健保給付皆與腸道疾病有\n關。〈 2003年統計〉\n3. 癌症、心臟病、高血壓、動脈硬化、糖尿病、老年痴呆等成人慢性疾病，皆與腸\n道健康密切相關。\n4. 老化由腸道開始，年輕族群腸道老化的弊害，將在中年以後顯現。\n5. 先進國家對腸道健康問題的重視～英國自1999 年即推動『腸道週』活動；\n美加則自2000 年發起『國家腸癌認知月』活動。 \n\n腸道健康是可以靠自己的積極--- 主動而提昇。 \n積極宣導腸道健康意識，相信所投入的努力，可以有效的幫助許多人，預防腸癌及\n多種成人疾病。 \n\n\n\n\n\n\n腸道健康的飲食要訣!\n\n\n\n一、多喝水\n\n\n每天至少要喝 1.6~1.8公升的水，大概是八杯水。不要到口渴了才喝水，你的大腦\n感到口渴時，其實血液濃度已經太高，血流不順了，運送氧氣及營養素效率降低了，\n已經會影響全身細胞機能了，最好是定時喝水。 \n\n\n\n二、多攝取乳酸菌\n\n\n正確攝取乳酸菌要注意以下重點\n\n\n1.\n天天攝取： \n\n因為再好的乳酸菌也無法在腸道中久駐；所以，要天天補充，每天至少補充幾十億\n的優質乳酸菌。\n\n2.\n餐後攝取： \n\n因為用餐後，胃部的酸度較低，乳酸菌比較能夠活著通過胃部，到達腸道。 \n3. 慎選產品： \n 要選菌種標示清楚，有衛生署健康食品認證，有研究團隊的產品。4. 注意保存條件：\n\n 乳酸菌不耐熱，不耐氧氣。醱酵乳必須保存在低溫，開瓶後，盡快喝完，不要開\n了一大瓶，放在桌上，由早喝到晚；保健產品也要注意保存溫度，不要長期放在高\n溫環境 (如車子內)。 \n\n\n\n三、多攝取纖維質 \n \n \n每天至少要攝取30公克以上的食物纖維！ \n \n\n正確攝取食物纖維要注意以下重點： \n\n1、用心從三餐中攝取\n2、善用高纖保健產品\n3、水溶性及非水溶性纖維功效不同，兩者都要攝取。 \n\n\n\n\n\n \n\n\n \n\n\n\n \n\n \n\nmenu"],["topImageUrl","https://www.philcheung.com/Health/guts_dd.gif"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","Intestines Health"],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/INTEST_2.htm"],["summary","每天起床後、睡覺前，利用10-15分鐘進行簡易的運動，可促進腹部運動，增強腸胃\n健康。\n提醒您，起床後，先空腹喝一杯溫開水，再做運動。 \n\n一、伸展運動\n\n這是個很簡單的運動，可利用工作或家事空檔進行。\n\n1. 雙腳分開站直，全身放輕鬆。 \n2.一邊吸氣一邊將手抬高（手指交叉，手心朝外），伸直背脊，頭抬高，手臂貼緊\n耳朵，用力往上伸展。\n3. 一邊呼氣，一邊將手放下並屈膝下彎，抱住雙腳。\n4. 此動作反覆進行3-5次。 \n\n\n\n二、提臀搖擺\n\n\n1. 仰臥，雙手繞於後頸部交叉。雙腳以立膝彎曲。 \n2. 深深地吸一口氣，抬高腹部，腳跟不離地，意識集中於丹田，閉氣。\n3. 有力地吐氣，保持丹田力，將意識轉移集中於骨盆，腰部移至右(左)方，在右(左\n )側做腰部上下運動。此時，雙肘及肩膀不離地，換左邊做同樣動作。 \n\n\n\n三、仰臥屈膝扭腰 \n\n\n1. 仰臥，雙手繞於後頸交叉，雙腳合併以立膝彎曲。 \n2. 一邊吸氣，一邊將腰背用力挺出，扭腰並將雙腳向左倒放地面，頭轉向右方。\u0014\n3. 呼氣回復。\n4. 重複動作，換邊做。 \n\n\n\n四、臥式提腿\n\n\n1. 仰臥，伸展腳跟腱雙手抱緊右腳使右膝靠攏胸部。深吸一口氣。 \n2. 吐氣用力緊抱右膝起身，此時左腳需充分伸展腳跟腱與腳後肌。\n3. 換腳緊抱左腳如上要領，做同樣動作。\n\n\n\n五、坐式踩腳踏車\n\n\n1. 坐在地板上，雙腳併攏彎曲，兩手放在身體後方稍遠處。 \n2. 身體稍微向後倒，以雙手支撐住身體，同時，雙腳分別抬起伸直，雙腳無法完全\n伸直也無妨。\n3. 保持背部筆直。 \n4. 左右腳交替，各施行10次。 \n\n\n\n六、彎曲、扭動上半身\n\n\n1. 雙手置於腰間，兩腳張開與肩同寬。 \n2. 挺起胸膛，讓上半身向後仰，此時，指尖用力，對腰間用力指壓。\n3. 回到原本的姿勢，上半身慢慢向左右扭動，各施行2-3次。 \n\n\n\n\n七、立式腰身大迴轉\n\n\n1. 大開雙腳，雙手手指交叉反掌上舉，深深吸一口氣，下顎頂上後仰。 \n2. 邊吐氣儘量前彎，抬頭保持腰背直挺，從腰部彎曲，膝要保持筆直，雙手伸直，\n腰部向右上大迴轉，同時吸氣。\n3. 上身轉到正中時，手再伸，顎再上頂，儘量後仰。\n4. 邊繼續吐氣從上而左下，迴轉到原位。\n5. 註：動作時集中意志在骨盆上。 \n\n\n\n\n八、鍛鍊腹肌 \n\n\n1. 在路上步行時，背部伸直，快步行走，隨時警覺到要提起腹肌。 \n2. 等公車時，兩腿稍微張開，膝蓋微微彎曲。角度約為90度。\n3. 坐公車時，一邊抓住吊環，臀部肌肉用力夾緊，感覺像肛門用力緊縮。\n\n\n\n\n\n九、跪式扭腰擺臀\n\n\n1. 雙手掌向前以肩寬著地，雙膝併攏著地，伸展腳跟腱，抬起小腿，目視前方吸氣。\n \n2. 邊吐氣，向右扭腰並放下小腿，同時頭也向右轉，越過肩背看腳跟。（手臂伸直），\n吐盡氣後在吸氣回到原來位置。\n3. 同樣也向左扭倒，重複數次。\n\n\n\n\n\n十、屈膝扭腰 \n\n\n1. 張開雙腳保持上身直立，彎膝成中腰姿勢，雙手置於雙膝上。 \n2. 邊用力吐氣邊把左膝拉下到右腳跟附近地上，同時把同轉向左側方，眼看後方。\n\n3. 換腳做同樣動作。"],["topImageUrl","https://www.philcheung.com/Health/guts_02.gif"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","Advice for Living Long"],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/LLTA.htm"],["summary",""],["topImageUrl","https://www.philcheung.com/Health/LL10A.jpg"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","SWEAT 排汗和排尿的差別"],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/SWET.htm"],["summary","【您知道排汗市場如此龐大？】\n \n\n能量之國韓國的排汗市場一年約新台幣 6000 億，您知道為什麼一年有幾億人次的\n韓國國民到黃土能量房去排汗嗎？在沒有任何廣告宣傳的情況下，短短 15 年內形\n成了如此龐大的市場全靠體驗後的口碑相傳。因為體驗過後發現能量排汗無論對慢\n性病患的病症、促進血液循環或皮膚美容，以及維持苗條的健康身材上皆具有驚人\n的功效。\n\n\n\n【出汗能夠排泄體內有害物質】\n\n\n對身體而言，為何出汗特別重要呢？排泄體內不需要物質的基本功能，就是排便、\n排尿與出汗。其中，汗具有排泄體內疲勞物質或對人體有害的重金屬、毒素的重要\n作用。雖然尿也會排出重金屬，但是排出功能卻遠不及汗。亦即藉由出汗，能夠排\n出大量的重金屬。汗也具有調節體溫的重要作用。\n\n全身健康的出汗，就能夠強化現代最欠缺的體溫調節功能與自律神經。汗從體表氣\n化，令人得到爽快感，對精神也有很大的幫助。 \n\n\n藉著氣化熱消耗熱量，能夠提升代謝力，減少體脂肪，有助於消除肥胖。對身體而\n言具有重要作用的汗，不會對身體造成負擔，全身出汗，就能夠強化自律神經，提\n升代謝力，排出老舊廢物與毒素，對於美容與健康都有幫助。 \n\n汗與尿中的重金屬元素量〈 100 克中〉\n \n\n鉛〈μg 〉汗 84 vs 尿 4.9 \n鎘〈μg 〉汗 6.5 vs 尿 0.65 \n鈷〈μg 〉汗 1.2 vs 尿 0.6 \n鎳〈μg 〉汗 32 vs 尿 3.1 \n銅〈 mg 〉汗 0.11 vs 尿 0.01 \n\n\n\n〈註〉假設 1 天出汗量為 2 公升\n\n資料來源：醫學博士石井宏子、松原英多合著『遠紅外線三溫暖的秘密』〈安立出\n版社)\n\n***\n\n有報導指出，由於長期暴露於太陽，馬拉松選手容易發生皮膚\n癌。"],["topImageUrl","https://www.philcheung.com/Health/rwo.gif"],["error",null]]}]}],["text","(*)\n感謝有心人士用心整理以下81條。這不知得花去多少時間和心血，真的很精彩。我們能得以分享是一種福氣！感謝他、學會感謝和感恩是做人的第一步。\n(此篇可繼續分享傳給您的朋友與群組)。\n1)\n洋蔥浸紅酒：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/RWO.htm\n2)\n自己CPR的方法： \nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/HAS.htm\n3)\n心臟病發､中風前兆：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/HSS.htm\n4)\n中風辨認常識：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/STR.htm\n5)\n聖心減肥良方：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/SHM.htm\n6）\n十大營養食品：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/10N.htm\n7)\n治口臭食療方：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/BBS.htm\n8)\n豬腳薑醋製法：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/GV.htm\n9)\n清心養血之良食：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/HBDD.htm\n10)\n珩記祖傳祕方鹹檸檬：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/SHSL.htm\n11)\n鼻敏感效湯：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/hayfever.htm\n12)\n果菜療能一覽表：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/h.htm\n13)\n療能食物對照表：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/WGFX.htm\n14)\n肉桂之天然食療：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/CINN1.htm\n15)\n小紅苺防尿道膀胱炎：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/CRAN.htm\n16)\n吹風機的妙用：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/HDRY.htm\n17)\n蜂蜜加肉桂粉的神奇：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/CINH.htm\n18)\n沒事多喝檸檬水：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/LMNA.htm\n19)\n人過中年不悲哀：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/AMAH.htm\n20）\n醫生之食療介紹：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/Food_files/frame.htm\n21)\n心肌梗塞急救法：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/HAET.htm\n22)\n枸杞消除疲勞：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/WOLF.htm\n23)\n紅棗保肝補氣：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/JUJU.htm\n24)\n遠離糖尿病不難：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/DIAB.htm\n25)\n健康身心之最佳時間：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/TIME.htm\n26)\n世衛評選的最佳食品：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/JUNF.htm\n27)\n十大垃圾食物：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/JUNK.htm\n28)\n蒜頭蒸飯, 老薑蜜糖：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/GARC.htm\n29)\n沒有阿茲海默的世界：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/ALZH.htm\n30)\n練太極可抗疫：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/MOVM.htm\n31)\n飯後熱飲：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/WWAM.htm\n32)\n食物防春季過敏：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/ALGY.htm\n33)\n香蕉的神奇：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/banana.htm\n(a)熟香蕉抗癌：http://wwwphilcheung.com/Health/BANATNF.htm\n34)\n慢性腸炎克隆氏病：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/CDDS.htm\n35)\n十大助排毒之食品：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/EXCR.htm\n36)\n腸道照顧好, 百病不來找：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/INTEST_1.htm\n37)\n腸道簡易運動：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/INTEST_2.htm\n38)\n延年益壽十則：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/LLTA.htm\n39)\n排汗和排尿的差別：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/SWET.htm\n40)\n補健清湯(排毒通血)：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/SASP.htm%3E\n41)\n謄固醇的常識：\nhttp://www.americanheart.org/presenter.jhtml?identifier=4500\nhttp://www.hsph.harvard.edu/nutritionsource/fats.html\n降謄固醇療方二例：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/CLTS.htm\n42)\n林燕妮治老花妙方：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/ESEJ.\n43)\n治失眠良方：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/SLPL.htm\n44)\n五大防癌水果：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/FFCR.htm\n45)\n慎食非季節性水果：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/OSFR.htm\n46)\n清洗蔬果勿用鹽：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/WFRS.htm\n47)\n少林十巧手：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/SLSK.htm\n48)\n食療歌：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/MDFD.htm\n49)\n羅漢果的食療功效：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/GMFR.htm\n50)\n游離基是什麼？\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/FRRL.htm\n51)\n金雞獨立養生法：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/SO1L.htm\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/SO1L_e.htm\n52)\n氣功按摩十八法：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/QG18.htm\n53)\n多吃疏果能防癌嗎？\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/FVEC.htm\n54)\n中風急救黃金一小時：\nhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w5QNywbbQvE\n55)\n簡易膝蓋保健：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/KNEE.htm\n56)\n十四個徵兆預示長壽：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/14PL.htm\n57)\n心血管淤塞救命良方：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/BVCG.htm\n58)\n肝炎養生保健之道：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/HPTS.htm\n59)\n抗新流感漢方蔬果汁：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/FLUJ.htm\n60)\n馬鈴薯鮮汁療法：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/POTJ.htm\n61)\n打嗝放屁去濁氣：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/\n62)\n避免洗腎的秘方：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/KDRR.htm\n63)\n日用品治療用途：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/HHRM.htm\n64)\n烤蕃薯具強藥效：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/YAMB.htm\n65)\n平穩降血脂食物：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/8LLF.htm\n66)\n專家推薦長壽食品：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/10LF.htm\n67)\n夏天運動提防中暑：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/HSTK.htm\n68)\n食物之糖份含量：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/SGCT.htm\n69)\n白蘿蔔食療功效：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/RDSH.htm\n70)\n3低1高的健康飲食：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/3L1H.htm\n71)\n使癌細胞多休眠：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/PCCS.htm\n72)\n人生哲學50課：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/90LP.htm\n73)\n老中醫點評水果：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/CMVF.htm\n74)\n有助減肥的良食：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/8FEF.htm\n75)\n睡覺的訣竅：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/KSLP.htm\n76)\n有損大腦的陋習：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/BRDH.htm\n77)\n損肝的主要原因： \nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/LVDH.htm\n78)\n五大致癌的食物：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/5CCF.htm\n79)\n薑的好處多得很：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/GING.htm\n80)\n楊桃可毒害腎病人：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/STRF_e.htm\n81)\n五樣好東西：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/5KGT.htm"],["id","5478605343332-rumor"],["createdAt","2017-01-09T16:01:00.000Z"]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["replyCount",2],["references",{"__iterable":"List","data":[{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["type","LINE"]]}]}],["replyRequestCount",4],["user",{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["id","j4S8C_SGPqU25kWT9dgB7Sm3Cz8tQbcAia5BFcJwmHqtWpshs"],["name","富創造力的鼓山愛爾莎"],["avatarUrl",null],["level",0]]}],["hyperlinks",{"__iterable":"List","data":[{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","Taiwan’s Military Is a Hollow Shell"],["url","https://foreignpolicy.com/2020/02/15/china-threat-invasion-conscription-taiwans-military-is-a-hollow-shell/"],["summary","As threats of military aggression from China grow, the island nation of Taiwan needs a credible military deterrent more than ever. But Taiwan’s military is in a crisis it can barely admit exists.\nEven as the military refits itself with flashy U.S. arms purchases, such as M1 Abrams tanks and F-16V fighter jets, its front-line units are hollowed out, and the entire reserve system is so dysfunctional that few experts or serving military personnel believe it can make a real military contribution in the event of a war. These problems are well documented but continue to be downplayed, if not outright ignored, by Taiwan’s political leadership—and there is no clear plan to solve the crisis.\n\n \n Trending Articles\n \n \n \n \n \n Coronavirus Conspiracies Give Boost to Canada’s Far-Right\n Anti-Chinese sentiment and a public health backlash have vaulted Hong Kong-born Chief Public Health Officer Theresa…\n\n \n \n\n \n \n \nOn paper, Taiwan’s Ministry of National Defense (MND) has 215,000 budgeted positions among all branches, of which 188,000 are soldiers and the rest civilian employees. Only 153,000 of those positions were filled in 2018—just 81 percent of the personnel the military should have. But even that number doesn’t tell the complete story.Only 153,000 of those positions were filled in 2018—just 81 percent of the personnel the military should have. But even that number doesn’t tell the complete story.Only 153,000 of those positions were filled in 2018—just 81 percent of the personnel the military should have. But even that number doesn’t tell the complete story.\nAccording to a Taiwanese army lieutenant colonel in active service, who asked for only his last name, Lin, to be used, all the army’s front-line combat units he knows of—including armor, mechanized infantry, and artillery troops—currently have effective manpower levels of between 60 and 80 percent. This figure is consistent with Taiwanese media reports, which cite MND figures provided to Taiwan’s parliament, the Legislative Yuan, acknowledging that few front-line units have more than 80 percent of their positions filled.\n“That number might not seem so bad until you realize it means at least a third of your tanks are useless in a war because there’s no one to man them,” said Lin, who most recently served as a battalion commander within one of army’s armor brigades.\nThe personnel shortfalls are a clear consequence of the ill-executed transition from conscription to an all-volunteer military over the past few years. It was a political decision made during Ma Ying-jeou’s administration and continued by current President Tsai Ing-wen, despite their coming from different parties. And despite Tsai’s tough rhetoric about defending Taiwan during her successful recent reelection bid, and her vow to thwart Chinese aggression, she has shown no sign of stepping in to fix the problems.\nUniversal conscription is mandated in Article 20 of the Taiwanese Constitution, as in several other countries that face an imminent military threat, such as South Korea or Israel (where women are included but some minorities excluded). For some years, before 2017, the term of conscription service in Taiwan was just a year, which was already short compared with South Korea’s 18-22 months, depending on the military branch, or Israel’s 32 months. Most officers felt that the single year of service wasn’t enough for the military to utilize draftees’ full potential but enough to at least turn a recruit into an average soldier.\nBut 2017’s changes slashed the conscription period to just four months. Most draftees serve even less, as up to two weeks can be deducted if they’ve completed military training classes in high school and college. The four-month conscripts typically receive five weeks of basic training before they are assigned to field units for more specialty training. But they’re more a burden than an aid, not treated seriously by career or noncommissioned officers as their short stays mean they are seen as guests rather than soldiers.\n“By design, they don’t participate in any field exercise or combat readiness training anyway,” Lin said. “We just tell them to stay safe and don’t get into trouble. It’s basically a summer camp.” Several individuals who recently completed this four-month service described similar experiences in interviews.\nOne of the stated aims of the all-volunteer reform was to professionalize the service, staffing the military’s rank and file with a cadre of career-oriented volunteer soldiers who usually serve a minimum term of four years. Despite MND’s talking point that each year’s recruitment drive always hits the set targets and brings with it a fresh crop of volunteers, the rushed transition to an all-volunteer military has clearly damaged the Taiwanese army’s manpower pool—especially on the front line.\nThe reason for the hollowing out of front-line troops is simple. Unlike conscripts, who could be assigned entirely based on to the needs of the military, volunteer soldiers among the lower enlisted ranks can and usually do seek transfers to units considered desirable—rear-echelon troops such as training schools, garrison units, signal corps, and so forth. Although transfer opportunities are limited, soldiers almost always find a way. This means that armor, mechanized infantry, and artillery units are always in desperate shortage of enlisted soldiers—even though they are expected to be the ones bearing the brunt of ground fighting against the formidable People’s Liberation Army (PLA) ground force if it comes ashore.\nA popular yet cynical explanation as to why these Taiwanese soldiers dislike front-line units simply postulates a common aversion to tougher training and combat duty. But interviews with several enlisted ranks painted a more complex picture. Most complained that the food and living conditions left much to be desired—front-line soldiers must split their time between bases and on field exercises. That, on top of the fact they have far more weapons, vehicles, and equipment to clean and maintain, means these posts are perceived as more work for little reward. The existing shortages also cause an even heavier burden of work on the soldiers left—prompting more of them to put in for transfers.\nPolls show varied public opinion on these issues. In 2015, one legislator cited a poll that showed almost 60 support for a return to conscription. In response, the MND cited another poll that claimed 60 percent were satisfied with the transition to all-volunteer forces. At the end of the day, it all seems to come down to how the question is phrased by the pollsters.\nNo matter which poll you believe, it is clear that the two successive presidents over the past decade, Ma and Tsai, had little or no political interest in the political hassle of bringing back the longer conscription length, despite the evidence of the damage being done to military readiness. Even Kaohsiung Mayor Han Kuo-yu, who lost in the recent presidential election representing the Kuomintang (KMT) party, also declined to advocate a complete return to conscription but proposed a “hybrid approach” that he did not specify the details for.\nChieh Chung, a senior assistant research fellow at Taiwan’s National Policy Foundation, commented that the personnel shortage is a problem well documented by the military itself but has never entered their calculations. Chung, who has worked for several years in Taiwan’s parliament as a legislative advisor focusing on defense issues, said the military’s own exercises and computer simulations always assume all units would have at least 90 percent fighting strength at the beginning of a war—an assumption that might have been true in the conscription era but is a far cry from reality today.\nSeveral officers who have participated in the computer-simulated phase of the annual Han Kuang exercises in recent years also pointed out this obvious flaw. That raises the question of how many of the Taiwanese military’s simulations of its own ability to hold off a Chinese invasion are based on now purely hypothetical soldiers.\nThese personnel issues would not be so serious if the military had a functional reserve force. On paper, this enormous reserve force is said to be more than 2 million strong.These personnel issues would not be so serious if the military had a functional reserve force. On paper, this enormous reserve force is said to be more than 2 million strong. Once activated, these reservists are supposed to fill existing shortages across regular field units, and reinforce casualties, while creating fresh reserve formations from virtually nothing to bolster overall defense, according to the Reserve Command’s own words.These personnel issues would not be so serious if the military had a functional reserve force. On paper, this enormous reserve force is said to be more than 2 million strong.\nJust about everything in these talking points is pure fantasy, according to James Huang, a retired army lieutenant colonel who has since become a prolific writer on defense issues and military history, with many followers on Facebook. Huang said there was “no way whatsoever” any of Taiwan’s reserves would reinforce existing field units, despite the proven success of the system elsewhere in the world, especially Israel.\nThat’s the case regardless of whether the reservist is a conscript with four months’ training or a five-year veteran paratrooper just discharged from the special forces. The established practice of Taiwan’s Reserve Command, according to Huang, is not to send reservists back to their previous units but to lump everyone together into the newly activated reserve infantry brigades that possess no specialty, no vehicles, and no equipment except rifles (often older types) and are led by called-up reservist officers who have little experience commanding such ad hoc units.\nIn theory, all soldiers and officers (both conscripts and volunteers) are automatically enrolled as reservists on being discharged from active service. They are called up at most once every two years by the Reserve Command to receive refresher training for five to seven days. In practice, such training rarely consists of more than just basic drills and a short practice session at the rifle range. A reservist corporal who was a veteran M60 tank gunner, for example, will be activated only as an infantry rifleman even if one of the army’s active armor brigades has tanks sitting unmanned in the base.\n“If we go to war, the soldiers currently on roster are all that we have,” said Lin, the lieutenant colonel, who pointed out that he had never heard of any plan to reinforce units he commanded with reserve soldiers. “At best, they might start combining depleted units. We are supposed to fight until everyone is dead or can’t fight anymore.”\nAnd even if Taiwan somehow manages to muster dozens of fresh reserve infantry brigades before Chinese troops come ashore, Huang said they would be little more than cannon fodder consider how poorly the military has trained them in peacetime and the fact that there is not even a clear plan to fit them into the overall defense strategy.\n“Show me 2 million rifles in the stockpile, and I will believe Taiwan has a 2-million-strong reserve force,” Huang said. “The military can’t even tell how many reserve troops they will need to activate across Taiwan, let alone where and how to deploy them when the shooting starts across the Taiwan Strait.”\nOther military officers and defense experts confirmed the problems Huang cited. According to Jyun-yi Lee, an assistant research fellow at the Institute for National Defense and Security Research, a recently created think tank affiliated with Taiwan’s MND: “It’s indeed clear to most of us that Taiwan’s reserve system, as it currently stands, will not contribute much to the military’s fighting strength, if at all. No one is pretending soldiers trained by four-month conscription will be effective. They exist for political, not military, reasons. Politicians don’t want to bring back longer conscription or tougher reserve training, as they fear doing so might make them unpopular.”\nTo its credit, Taiwan’s MND finally began an experimental “reserve warrior program” in recent years that seeks to put skilled veterans back to their original units for refresher training up to a few days per month. Some 214 veterans were said to have signed up in 2019, which is obviously too low to function as a regular reserve force. The program so far seems to matter more to the air force, as it finally provides a channel for retired military pilots to fly again, according to one air force lieutenant familiar with the matter. So far one F-16 pilot and one C-130 pilot reportedly have signed up for the program.\nFormer KMT legislator Hsu “Jason” Yu-Jen said U.S. Defense Department officials have privately expressed dismal assessments regarding Taiwan’s current force level and reserve system. Hsu quoted Pentagon officials as saying in 2019 that Taiwan’s buying of new F-16s and M1 Abram tanks by the Tsai administration was a “nice political gesture” yet they will hardly matter in a war when Taiwan cannot even man them properly in peacetime.\nBut saying the problem out loud is a tough task in itself when both Taiwan’s international allies and the Taiwanese public want to hear a success story more than anything else—especially at a time when China’s propaganda machine is running at full speed to portrait Taiwan’s military as both incompetent and ineffective in the face of the PLA’s rapid expansion and modernization.\n“You have to acknowledge the existence of the problems before you can fix them,” said James Huang, who noted that some among the military community object to his outspokenness, though he decided to speak on record for this report anyway. “It’s about time someone starts telling the truth.”"],["topImageUrl",null],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","「無兵可用、有兵誤用」的台灣國軍，如何「抗中保台」？ - The News Lens 關鍵評論網"],["url","https://www.thenewslens.com/article/131342"],["summary","政府宣稱可以抵擋中國武力侵略，一部分是想要反制中國共產黨政府宣傳機器，長年來一貫描繪台灣的軍隊無能也無力抵抗解放軍的入侵。然而隨著中國解放軍高速的現代化和軍力增強，中國政府的這種描述恐怕正從宣傳邁向現實。標籤: 國軍, 國防部, 後備軍人, 退役軍人, 徵兵制, 募兵制, 實戰部隊"],["topImageUrl",null],["error",null]]}]}],["text","美國智庫《外交政策》（Foreign Policy）報導\n\nTaiwan’s Military Is a Hollow Shell\n台灣軍隊是空殼\n\n上篇是原文，下篇是翻譯版\n1.\nhttps://foreignpolicy.com/2020/02/15/china-threat-invasion-conscription-taiwans-military-is-a-hollow-shell/\n\n2.\nhttps://www.thenewslens.com/article/131342"],["id","38cho9d29uveq"],["createdAt","2021-08-28T03:11:50.028Z"]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["replyCount",1],["references",{"__iterable":"List","data":[{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["type","LINE"]]}]}],["replyRequestCount",1],["user",{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["id","j4S8C_OCtgx4H4_F8pov0EpNQX2lb0XOBRGPjieVXYya-JEEM"],["name","肯定的大安貝克"],["avatarUrl",null],["level",0]]}],["hyperlinks",{"__iterable":"List","data":[{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","33 Year Old Man Reveals How He Earns More Than $40,000 Every Month Working From Anywhere He Wants"],["url","https://bbcbtcnews.xyz/click.php?key=95dhagg458clrqk70cqg&s=0.0179&1=1765408&2=push&3=5815657&4={connection.type}&5=high"],["summary","(Tuesday, April 14, 2020 - 'It all came as a surprise to me! I\n just wanted to make some extra cash aside for my hobbies and travel.'\nA\n\n ppearing on his weekly facebook live session, 33 year old millionaire Sam Hutchins explained us in detail how he makes\n on average $44k per month while\n traveling and working from some of the world's most exotic locations!\n\n One day while browsing online he\n discovered an automated trading platform, called Bitcoin PRO. The\n idea was simple: allow the average\n person the opportunity to cash in on the digital currency boom. Even if\n they have absolutely no investing or technology experience.\n \n\n \n\n A user would simply make an initial deposit into the platform, usually of $250 or more, and the automated trading algorithm would go to work.\n Using a combination of data and machine learning, the algorithm would know the perfect\n time to buy (or sell) digital assets low and sell high, maximising the user's profit.\n\n \n\n \n\n At first, Sam used Bitcoin PRO to make a\n few thousand dollars extra, but it wasn't before long his ambitions took over and he substituted his full time job for \n \"30 minutes trading online per day\". Fast forward 6 months, and Sam is earning $40,000 per month while traveling the world. \"All I need is some\n wifi to check on my trades, I can be anywhere in the world at anytime I want!\" Sam exclaims.\n\n\n \n \"I play golf 3 times a week and usually stay somewhere close to the ocean. If I get bored in one place then I'll move on. I love\n to read and have just started writing a book! I have so much time on my hands now, it's a great way to live!\"\n\n To demonstrate the power of the platform Sam opened up a new account and deposited $250 on his facebook live feed.\n\n\n \n \n \n Sam setting up the new account from his airbnb in Cabo \n \n \n After Sam's initial deposit for $250 was made in the new account, the trading platform went to work buying low\n and selling high. Within 3 minutes, he had successfully increased his initial funds to $323.18. That's a $143.18 profit. \n \n \n \n \n Bitcoin PRO goes to work.\n The algorithm knows the perfect\n time to buy (or sell), maximising the user's profit. \n \n Everyone on Sam's facebook live session (including us) were immediately impressed by how easy it was to make money.\n The platform handles all the trading work automatically, and because the price of Bitcoin is quite volatile, there are\n numerous opportunities to profit. \"The more volatility the better!\" Says Sam. \"I actually made most of my money during the sell-off, it was simple.\n It's still a really good time to get involved while prices fluctuate like crazy!\"\n Before Sam even had a chance to respond to everyones questions, he interrupted and said with a smile on his\n face: \"I've gone up to $398.42 after just 8 minutes\". \n\n \n\n If you had invested just $100 in Bitcoin back in 2010 you would now enjoy dividends of $75 Million!\n \n Try Bitcoin PRO NowWe decided to put Bitcoin PRO to the test, to see if it was really possible for you to make money using the platform.\n Here's the deal: We quickly discovered that the platform charges a commission of 2% on profits a user generates and you need to make a minimum deposit of $250 to get started. That money will be your initial investment, which the trading software uses to trade.\n Also, we learnt that Bitcoin PRO makes money by buying when the price goes up AND when the price goes down. This is known as short-selling, and the platform handles it for you automatically.\n MY RESULTS WITH Bitcoin PRO AFTER 7 DAYS: I decided to sign up for an account with Bitcoin PRO, I made the initial deposit $250 and set my account to active.\n \n On the show, Holly was able to make $73.18 in profit after 3 minutes, for me, it took much longer. The platform took 20 hours to generate an $80.19 profit, which still impressed me a lot! I've never purchased Bitcoin before and never made a trade in my life, yet here I was able to generate profits.\n I spent about 5 minutes a day checking my results, and after 5 days, the platform had traded up to a massive total of $630. That is a 252% increase in my initial deposit. I was starting to become a true believer in this platform.\n After 7 Days my initial investment had traded up to $1,930. At this point, my mind was racing with possibilities of all the things I could spend that money on. This is more money than I made at work for the week and I spent less than 30 minutes checking the platform.\n I decided to keep my account active for 15 days in total because I wanted to see how high it could go. My account eventually hit a peak of $6,380.10 but had a negative -$79.51 trade. I looked through my trading logs and discovered that not every trade is profitable, some actually lose money.\n The platform isn't magic, but after 70% of my trades were profitable, the net result was I made $6,300.59 from my initial deposit of $250. It took me less than 30 minutes of work a week and absolutely no technical or investing experience.\n \n As you can see from the screenshot below, I decided to use the 'withdraw funds' function to withdraw $6,300.59 from my account.\n \n \n \n \n How I easily withdrew my money from my Bitcoin PRO account \n \n All in all, I was able to make $6,300.59 from using Bitcoin PRO. I decided to pull my money out to pay for an overseas holiday. When I get back, with the money I've got left over from my holiday, I will definitely reinvest in Bitcoin PRO. I may even quit my job!\n Note: It took 48 hours for my money to be deposited into my personal bank account.\n \n \n \n TRY Bitcoin PRO FOR YOURSELF\n \n\n\n\n Sam has given us 15 special invitations to try\n Bitcoin PRO, some are\n still available left. \n \n\n\n Access to Bitcoin PRO is available: Tuesday, April 14, 2020\n\n (15140) people have already signed up today... Hurry!\n\n\n Try Bitcoin PRO Now\n \n\n\n You can fund your account via credit card or a bank transfer.\n There are three steps to get started: 1. Sign Up With This Link (important!)\n 2. Deposit The Minimum $250\n 3. Use The Bitcoin Trading Platform To Earn Profits\n \n \n Note: You can withdraw your profits or initial deposit at ANY time by using the 'Withdraw' button inside the platform\n \n Step 1: Enter Your Details To Sign Up For A Free Account\n \n \n \n \n Step 2: Deposit The Initial Minimum Investment Of $250\n \n \n \n \n Step 3: Withdraw Your Profits (or keep them invested to generate more profit!)\n \n \n \n \n Try Bitcoin PRO Now\n Associated Links:\n Bitcoin PRO Official Site\n \n \n \nBitcoin PRO RESULTS \nPROFIT: $5.552\n “I use Bitcoin PRO\n already a bit longer than 2 weeks and my initial investment of $ 250\n is now worth $ 5.802. That is much more than I can earn at work.” \nBen James London \nPROFIT: $9,200\n \"I have more than $ 9,200 PROFIT after more than a month of Bitcoin PRO. I can also travel and earn money!” \nAdam Sydney\nPROFIT: $22,219\n \"It is so easy to use! I have never traded before but now I earn more than $ 3,000 per week\n and I enjoy life!” \nAnna Paris\nPROFIT: $41,943\n \"I have been working on Bitcoin PRO for only two weeks and it has already paid off my America vacation.” \nSammy Newark\nPROFIT: $7,521\n \"money money money!\"\nJulia Keaton Auckland\nPROFIT: $58,744\n \"I do it together with my best friend, and together\nwe made profit after 3 weeks. The trading robot does all the work. Together\nwe have earned more than $ 17,000 in a week” \nTom & Walter Munich\nPROFIT: $12,301\n \"My friend was the one who told me about Bitcoin PRO\nhad told me and it has changed my life. I already earn well over one\nmonth more than $ 2,000 a week, but I spend less than 30\nminutes per day”\nLinda Vogel Brussel, BE\nSpecial Offer\n\nStap 1:\n\n\n\n\nStap 2:\n\n\n\n\nStap 3:"],["topImageUrl",null],["error",null]]}]}],["text","https://bbcbtcnews.xyz/click.php?key=95dhagg458clrqk70cqg&s=0.0179&1=1765408&2=push&3=5815657&4={connection.type}&5=high"],["id","3ob2z6yx4fwqy"],["createdAt","2020-04-14T03:14:04.328Z"]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["replyCount",1],["references",{"__iterable":"List","data":[{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["type","LINE"]]}]}],["replyRequestCount",1],["user",{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["id","j4S8C_pwU8fZF4fUS1TIaB5J6Xk4U4lQhpckfhMjI84GGhdqI"],["name","含蓄的白河希伯來"],["avatarUrl",null],["level",0]]}],["hyperlinks",{"__iterable":"List","data":[{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","拯救蜜蜂：農藥禁令表決倒數中"],["url","https://secure.avaaz.org/campaign/ct/save_the_bees_neonics_loc_ns/?tUlKRlb&v=500463352&cl=14353930467&_checksum=767b05c6ceeaaced891d5ac06558c6c787260449170dbc0659039ba024e81252"],["summary","拯救蜜蜂：表決倒數計時中 \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n\n\n\n \n \n \n \n \n 致各歐盟成員國、世界各國領袖及農業部長：:\n \n 我們籲請您們即刻禁用類尼古丁（neonicotinoid）農藥。蜜蜂族群的衰亡將會使我們的整個食物鏈面臨崩壞，如果您迅速採取行動，我們就有望拯救蜜蜂免於滅絕。\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n 2,066,744 已簽名。讓我們達到 5,500,000\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n\n \n\n 更新: 27 四月 2018好消息，我們贏了!! 經過我們的史上規模最大的守護蜜蜂連署，以及對各國部長發送的數千封訊息；歐盟通過這項農藥禁令了！這是個重大進展，為更為永續的農業開啟了新時代。但我們仍須凝聚力量持續施壓 -- 接下來，這場戰役將在美國、加拿大以及世界其餘國家登場。請持續分享並邀請更多人加入連署！\n\n 發佈日期： 25 四月 2018致各歐盟成員國、世界各國領袖及農業部長：:\n \n \"我們籲請您們即刻禁用類尼古丁（neonicotinoid）農藥。蜜蜂族群的衰亡將會使我們的整個食物鏈面臨崩壞，如果您迅速採取行動，我們就有望拯救蜜蜂免於滅絕。\"\n \n \n 更多資訊：現在，全世界有成千上萬蜜蜂逐漸死去，但兩天後，歐盟有望全面禁用危及蜜蜂存續的有毒農藥！頂尖的科學家以及農民聯盟都不斷呼籲實施禁令，歐盟國家的民眾也普遍支持；英、法、德等12國將投下支持票，但我們還需要另外4個國家的一票才能贏得星期五的表決。一旦歐盟通過禁令，我們就有機會進而推動更多國家跟進。目前表決的情勢尚未完全明朗，所以每一個連署簽名都至關重要 -- 邀請您立刻加入連署，並幫忙分享出去！"],["topImageUrl","https://avaazimages.avaaz.org/35906_35891_22741_22719_cutebee_5_600x315.jpg"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","拯救蜜蜂：農藥禁令表決倒數中"],["url","https://secure.avaaz.org/campaign/ct/save_the_bees_neonics_loc_ns/?tUlKRlb&v=500463352&cl=14353930467&_checksum=767b05c6ceeaaced891d5ac06558c6c787260449170dbc0659039ba024e81252"],["summary","拯救蜜蜂：表決倒數計時中 \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n\n\n\n \n \n \n \n \n 致各歐盟成員國、世界各國領袖及農業部長：:\n \n 我們籲請您們即刻禁用類尼古丁（neonicotinoid）農藥。蜜蜂族群的衰亡將會使我們的整個食物鏈面臨崩壞，如果您迅速採取行動，我們就有望拯救蜜蜂免於滅絕。\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n 2,066,744 已簽名。讓我們達到 5,500,000\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n\n \n\n 更新: 27 四月 2018好消息，我們贏了!! 經過我們的史上規模最大的守護蜜蜂連署，以及對各國部長發送的數千封訊息；歐盟通過這項農藥禁令了！這是個重大進展，為更為永續的農業開啟了新時代。但我們仍須凝聚力量持續施壓 -- 接下來，這場戰役將在美國、加拿大以及世界其餘國家登場。請持續分享並邀請更多人加入連署！\n\n 發佈日期： 25 四月 2018致各歐盟成員國、世界各國領袖及農業部長：:\n \n \"我們籲請您們即刻禁用類尼古丁（neonicotinoid）農藥。蜜蜂族群的衰亡將會使我們的整個食物鏈面臨崩壞，如果您迅速採取行動，我們就有望拯救蜜蜂免於滅絕。\"\n \n \n 更多資訊：現在，全世界有成千上萬蜜蜂逐漸死去，但兩天後，歐盟有望全面禁用危及蜜蜂存續的有毒農藥！頂尖的科學家以及農民聯盟都不斷呼籲實施禁令，歐盟國家的民眾也普遍支持；英、法、德等12國將投下支持票，但我們還需要另外4個國家的一票才能贏得星期五的表決。一旦歐盟通過禁令，我們就有機會進而推動更多國家跟進。目前表決的情勢尚未完全明朗，所以每一個連署簽名都至關重要 -- 邀請您立刻加入連署，並幫忙分享出去！"],["topImageUrl","https://avaazimages.avaaz.org/35906_35891_22741_22719_cutebee_5_600x315.jpg"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","拯救蜜蜂：農藥禁令表決倒數中"],["url","https://secure.avaaz.org/campaign/ct/save_the_bees_neonics_loc_ns/?tUlKRlb&v=500463352&cl=14353930467&_checksum=767b05c6ceeaaced891d5ac06558c6c787260449170dbc0659039ba024e81252"],["summary","拯救蜜蜂：表決倒數計時中 \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n\n\n\n \n \n \n \n \n 致各歐盟成員國、世界各國領袖及農業部長：:\n \n 我們籲請您們即刻禁用類尼古丁（neonicotinoid）農藥。蜜蜂族群的衰亡將會使我們的整個食物鏈面臨崩壞，如果您迅速採取行動，我們就有望拯救蜜蜂免於滅絕。\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n 2,066,744 已簽名。讓我們達到 5,500,000\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n\n \n\n 更新: 27 四月 2018好消息，我們贏了!! 經過我們的史上規模最大的守護蜜蜂連署，以及對各國部長發送的數千封訊息；歐盟通過這項農藥禁令了！這是個重大進展，為更為永續的農業開啟了新時代。但我們仍須凝聚力量持續施壓 -- 接下來，這場戰役將在美國、加拿大以及世界其餘國家登場。請持續分享並邀請更多人加入連署！\n\n 發佈日期： 25 四月 2018致各歐盟成員國、世界各國領袖及農業部長：:\n \n \"我們籲請您們即刻禁用類尼古丁（neonicotinoid）農藥。蜜蜂族群的衰亡將會使我們的整個食物鏈面臨崩壞，如果您迅速採取行動，我們就有望拯救蜜蜂免於滅絕。\"\n \n \n 更多資訊：現在，全世界有成千上萬蜜蜂逐漸死去，但兩天後，歐盟有望全面禁用危及蜜蜂存續的有毒農藥！頂尖的科學家以及農民聯盟都不斷呼籲實施禁令，歐盟國家的民眾也普遍支持；英、法、德等12國將投下支持票，但我們還需要另外4個國家的一票才能贏得星期五的表決。一旦歐盟通過禁令，我們就有機會進而推動更多國家跟進。目前表決的情勢尚未完全明朗，所以每一個連署簽名都至關重要 -- 邀請您立刻加入連署，並幫忙分享出去！"],["topImageUrl","https://avaazimages.avaaz.org/35906_35891_22741_22719_cutebee_5_600x315.jpg"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","歐盟最新草案類尼古丁農藥嚴重危害蜜蜂預計全面禁用 | 上下游News&Market"],["url","https://www.newsmarket.com.tw/blog/93253/"],["summary","英國衛報報導，歐盟執委會提出條例草案，預計全面禁用世界上使用最廣的類尼古丁殺蟲劑（或稱新菸鹼類殺蟲劑，如台灣也有使用的益達胺），理由是「對蜜蜂具急劇高風險」。這份文件若獲得大多數成員國批准，最快可能於今年（2017）實施禁令。\n科學共識：類尼古丁農藥嚴重危害蜜蜂 \n蜜蜂等授粉昆蟲對糧食作物的重要性不言可喻，但數十年來由於棲地喪失、疾病與農藥使用，族群數量持續下降。使用了二十多年的類尼古丁殺蟲劑，被認為嚴重危害蜜蜂生存。\n2013年歐盟曾暫時禁用三種主要的類尼古丁殺蟲劑，如今新的禁令是全面性禁止在田間使用，只有溫室例外。這份提議將在五月進行投票，如果通過，可能在數月後即實施。\n「這些殺蟲劑毒害的科學證據已如此之多，沒道理繼續出現在市場上。」歐洲農藥行動網（Pesticide Action Network Europe）的Martin Dermine表示，他們將繼續奮戰，爭取更多會員國的支持。\n類尼古丁農藥會嚴重危害蜜蜂已有強烈的科學共識，但只有少數證據顯示蜜蜂整體族群數量是因此而下降，預計很快會有大規模的田間試驗。儘管如此，歐盟執委會根據歐洲食品安全局的風險評估，仍決定實施全面禁令。\n拜耳製造「益達胺」將被禁用\n由拜耳公司製造的益達胺（imidacloprid）和可尼丁（clothianidin），被歐盟執委會認為「對蜜蜂具急劇高風險」，而先正達製造的賽速安（thiamethoxam），歐盟執委會也認為公司所提供的證據不足以排除風險。\n不過，代表農藥製造商的作物保護協會執行長Sarah Mukherjee表示，「我們對歐盟執委會的提議感到失望，這似乎是政治判斷而非根據科學。」她批評歐洲食品安全局的評估所根據的資料，是未經正式許可的「蜜蜂指導文件」。\n非營利環保組織Buglife執行長Matt Shardlow則樂見禁令，「歐洲食品安全局已確認，經過類尼古丁農藥處理的種子，造成的風險超過70種，」他並認為溫室也應一併禁止，因為農藥會殘存在土壤中。\n今年三月初，聯合國糧食與污染專家發佈了關於農藥的重要報告，認為必須使用農藥才能餵飽人類是「一個迷思」，並呼籲應發起全球性公約來控制農藥使用。Shardlow認同表示，「有鑑於我們未能解決、甚至充分認識類尼古丁農藥所造成的生態災難，建立新的全球公約有其急迫必要。」\n延伸閱讀：\nEurope poised for total ban on bee-harming pesticides\n\n每年有約20萬人死於急性農藥中毒，聯合國報告譴責行業寡頭不道德營銷\n蜜蜂中毒日趨嚴重農委會多頭馬車無專責機構\n蝙蝠大量消失農藥益達胺導致迷航糞便含超量農藥重金屬\n全球首次證實 1ppb農藥益達胺讓蜜蜂幼蟲腦崩壞\n農藥惹禍？蜂群死亡案例大增防治荔枝椿象平腹小蜂取代農藥"],["topImageUrl","https://www.newsmarket.com.tw/files/2017/03/5000.jpg"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","終結嘉磷塞，歐盟關鍵一戰│法義支持德國搖擺，百萬歐洲公民連署禁用│上下游"],["url","https://www.newsmarket.com.tw/blog/101270/"],["summary","美國農化大廠孟山都在歐盟陷入苦戰。全球除草劑龍頭「年年春」主要成分「嘉磷塞」在歐盟的許可證將在今年底到期，即使有超過130萬公民連署、民調顯示三成二民眾希望禁用，但歐盟執委會仍堅持提案延長十年核可。\n28個成員國日前開會討論，支持與反對者經過兩天的針鋒相對，無法達成共識。歐盟將在10底再度聚會，但最終的投票可能拖延到12月。如果孟山都無法順利更新許可證，今年12月底到期後，依歐盟法規將自動開始嘉磷塞（glyphosate）禁令。\n嘉磷塞為「系統性除草劑」，葉片吸收後可快速由上往下移行直達根部，使全株死亡。嘉磷塞的急毒性低，但有害動物與人體健康的研究報告層出不窮，IARC在 2015年將嘉磷塞歸為很可能致癌的 2A等級致癌物，嘉磷塞代謝物AMPA亦具毒性，殘留時間可達一百多天，研究指出，長期施用對蚯蚓的生長速率及總生物量造成明顯下降的趨勢。\n歐盟執委會擬延長嘉磷塞許可，但限縮使用範圍\n歐盟執委會（European Commission，猶如歐盟行政院）提出的最新草案，雖然同意延長嘉磷塞許可，卻也提出但書，要求不得再搭配界面活性劑聚乙氧基化牛脂胺（POEA），也提醒成員國必須考慮水源會受到嘉磷塞污染。\n米蘭所在的倫巴底大區監測結果顯示，31.8%的表面水域監測站驗出嘉磷塞殘留，而更有高達56.6%測出有嘉磷塞的降解物AMPA。「義大利環境保護研究院」（ISPRA）去年5月發布的「2013與2014年水域農藥殘留報告」則指出，嘉磷塞與其降解物是全國河川湖泊中最常見的農藥殘留。\n歐盟執委會同時建議，必須保護使用者免受嘉磷塞的副作用影響，在施用時也要降低對非目標作物、脊椎動物的傷害。此外，公園、綠地、運動場、校園和遊樂園等地都要最小限度使用，並禁止在作物採收前施用嘉磷塞。\n嘉磷塞被葉片吸收，往下運行到枝條與根部，從根部滲入土壤、或殘存於死亡的根部，被土中生物和微生物分解。也可能轉移而被非目標植物吸收，造成藥害，作物殘留則可能進入食物鏈；或經土壤侵蝕而淋溶進入水體，影響水中生態。（資料來源：Glyphosate in northern ecosystems. Marjo Helander , Irma Saloniemi and Kari Saikkonen. Plant Science Conferences in 2012）\n法國與義大利反對延長十年，德國態度不明\n嘉磷塞的許可證在2016年6月底到期後，更新過程一波三折。隸屬世界衛生組織（WHO）的國際癌症研究所（IARC）在2015年3月將嘉磷塞列為極可能致癌的2A等級後，禁用這款熱銷除草劑的聲音高漲。贊成與反對的意見激烈交鋒，執委會去年的三次提案都無法得到多數成員國支持，最後單方暫時延長18個月。\n儘管執委會的最新提案已經列入更嚴格條件，但在10月5、6日的會議上，仍舊無法說服多數成員國支持。\n在45個公民團體的「反嘉磷塞」推特風暴洗版下，去年宣布嚴加管理嘉磷塞的義大利政府由農業部長馬堤納（Maurizio Martina）出面回應：「反對歐盟的延長提案，我們依照科學與環境證據做出這個決定，義大利應該作為永續農業的表率。」\n歐洲公民團體積極鼓吹，禁用除草劑嘉磷塞圖片來源：https://www.greens-efa.eu/en/article/glyphosate/\n更新許可需要歐盟16國、達人口65%雙重多數\n而早先表態反對嘉磷塞的法國政府，在農民的抗議後採取折衷立場，「將在未來5到7年間逐步禁用，」農業部長特維爾（Stéphane Travert）指出，同時會協助農人尋找嘉磷塞的替代品。\n可能反對延長核可的國家還有瑞典、奧地利、盧森堡與荷蘭。經常被台灣視為環保尖兵的德國，則是舉棋不定。總理梅克爾今年7月在大選前向農民承諾將支持嘉磷塞更新，但德國公民強烈質疑，加上聯合政府左右派意見不同，最終可能選擇缺席、不投票。\n更新許可需要得到歐盟28國的16國支持，而且代表的人口數必須超過65%的雙重多數。當法國與義大利反對執委會延長10年的提案，德國的態度成為關鍵，因為這三國的人口總數佔歐盟整體的41%。\n歐盟禁嘉磷塞事小，危及孟山都基改種子損失大\n去年出價660億美金（約2兆台幣）收購孟山都的德國拜耳（Bayer）表示，無論嘉磷塞是否取得歐盟的更新許可，都不會影響併購的意願。\n瑞士科學家在1950年代就已經合成出嘉磷塞，孟山都在1974年推出含有嘉磷塞的年年春，並取得專利。抗嘉磷塞的基改作物在1996年開始商業種植後，這款除草劑迎來最繁盛的春天，主宰全球市場。\n由於嘉磷塞的專利已經在2001年過期，根據伯恩斯坦（Bernstein）投資公司估計，即使無法在歐盟取得新的核可，孟山都約損失一億美金的利潤，在全球48億的嘉磷塞營收中比例並不高。直接受到衝擊的，將是在歐洲生產嘉磷塞的中國農藥廠。\n孟山都憂心的是，嘉磷塞被禁用後，危及與之配套銷售、年營收達100億美金的基改種子市場，動搖公司的命脈。\n以其他有效成分製成除草劑的巴斯夫（BASF）、拜耳與先正達（Syngenda）等歐洲大廠，甚至可能在嘉磷塞禁用後得利。然而，這些全球農化市場的領頭羊沒有幸災樂禍，因為他們擔憂，嘉磷塞的禁用並非單一個案，而是象徵著農藥管理制度都將全面緊縮。\n嘉磷塞便宜，用量大，全球嘉磷塞用量在1995年是67,078公噸，不到10年，2014年增加到825,804公噸，成長為12.3倍。嘉磷塞為台灣三大除草劑銷售量之冠，2016佔42.67%。\n\n百萬歐盟公民反嘉磷塞，孟山都在美國、法國面臨訴訟\n上百個公民團體聯合發起的「反嘉磷塞」在5個月內衝破百萬人連署門檻，依照規範，歐盟執委會必須對強大的民意做出反應。7月初正式遞交名單後，連署人數仍持續攀升。「歐洲公民不會被農藥廠的遊說或是假科學愚弄。政治人物們要聽聽這些響亮而清楚的聲音：禁用這危險的除草劑，保護公民和環境，並邁向無農藥的未來。」連署發起人舒瓦茲（David Schwartz）表示。\n歐盟成員國開會之際，美國加州的酪梨農人麥考兒（Teri McCall）來到歐盟總部所在的布魯塞爾。她指出，丈夫傑克因為長年噴灑嘉磷塞而罹患非何杰金氏淋巴癌去世，「他以為這是安全的，因此只噴這個除草劑，不用其他化學藥劑。」\n除了在美國面臨非何杰金氏淋巴癌患者與家人的集體訴訟，法國農夫葛塔蘿普（Sabine Grataloup）也決定控告孟山都，「他們造成我的孩子殘缺，必須要負起責任。」因為相信嘉磷塞宣稱可生物溶解的低毒性廣告，她在懷孕期間繼續使用，導致胎兒在子宮中未能發展出健全的喉嚨與食道。\nEESC 邀請David Schwartz及綠色和平Herman van Bekkem說明為何要發起禁用嘉磷賽提案（圖片來源：http://bit.ly/2xxIhZ6）\n農民擔憂禁用嘉磷塞後成本大增\n儘管禁種基改作物，嘉磷塞仍是歐盟使用最廣的除草劑。「禁用嘉磷塞意謂著保育型農業（Conservation agriculture）的終結，」法國製油公會主席羅梭（Arnaud Rousseau）發出警訊。聯合國糧農組織以永續之名推廣的保育型農業為了遏止土壤退化，採收後殘株留在原地，覆蓋土地並形成有機質，但同時仰賴除草劑解決雜草橫生的問題，種植向日葵的法國農民通常選擇便宜、好用的嘉磷塞。\n「不只保育型農業，連慣行農法也會受到影響。」歐洲保育農業公會主席巴許（Gottlieb Basch）應和。\n在健康、環境的考量外，農夫也要評估勞力與成本。法國是歐盟最大的小麥生產國，「如果不能使用嘉磷塞，栽種穀物的農人整體而言每年要多支出9億歐元。」麥農協會主席品塔（Philippe Pinta）算了一筆帳。\n目前在歐盟的除草劑選擇還有拜耳的巴試達（Basta）和先正達的Reglone，但農人抱怨價格高出約二成，而且效果不如嘉磷塞。\n義大利農牧協會則表示，可以支持禁令，「但同時也要禁止進口施用嘉磷塞的作物，否則本國農民將面臨不公平競爭。」\n罔顧民意與民主程序，孟山都被禁止進入歐洲議會\nYouGov去年的民調顯示，三成二的歐洲公民支持禁用嘉磷塞，其中義大利高達75%，德國70%、法國60%，政策長期親美的英國也有56%。\n面對排山倒海而來的民意，孟山都副總裁米勒（Philip Miller）批評：「我們注意到，歐盟更新嘉磷塞的程序越來越政治化。這應該是科學的過程，如今卻遭到民粹主義的駭客襲擊。」\n孟山都也罔顧民主的制度，拒絕出席聽證會釐清操弄科學研究、收買新聞記者的指控，歐洲議員在9月底一致通過，禁止孟山都說客進入議會大廈，這是議會首次動用這類禁令。「那些漠視民主規則的人，也失去遊說的權力。美國企業必須遵守議會監督的職責，孟山都也不例外。」綠黨議員蘭博特斯（Philippe Lamberts）表示。\n仿效過去菸商的劇本，孟山都操弄科學研究\n說是要遵守科學決定，但國際癌症研究所在2015年3月將嘉磷塞列為極可能致癌的2A等級後，孟山都毫無風度表示：「這是垃圾科學」，並指責參與審核的小組專家是「外行人。」\n爾後歐盟食品安全局（EFSA）和歐盟化學管理局（ECHA）陸續指出，嘉磷塞可能不會致癌。可是歐盟食品安全局的審核報告被揭露大量複製、貼上孟山都提供的材料。「根據歐盟規範，農藥風險審核的第一步就是要有申請者提供的檔案，」該局執行長烏爾（Bernhard Url）解釋，「因此報告中有申請公司的檔案是理所當然，也是必要的。」\n陸續曝光的資料還顯示，孟山都收買科學家，代筆撰寫報告後，掛上專家名字發表，重創科學的公信力。\n「40年前，許多研究都說吸菸有益，」代表500多位非何杰金氏淋巴癌患者與家人控訴孟山都的美國律師魏司納（Brent Wisner）表示，持反對意見的科學家則遭到菸商攻擊，「如今孟山都用的是一樣劇本，操弄科學。」無須一言堂支持，只要科學家相互攻訐，在一旁煽風點火的孟山都，就有機會坐收漁翁之利。（本文待續）\n延伸閱讀：\n加州決議除草劑年年春須標示含致癌物，歐洲百萬人連署反嘉磷塞\n寸草不留 ─ 除草劑過量衝擊土壤生態增罹癌隱憂\n歐盟拼農藥減半不減產，禁用類尼古丁救蜜蜂，百萬連署反嘉磷塞\n義大利加嚴管制嘉磷塞採收前、人多聚集處不得使用"],["topImageUrl","https://www.newsmarket.com.tw/files/2017/10/20170920_eesc_plenary_481_plenary_september_2017_-_photo_presentation_ban_glyphosate-1.jpg"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","歐盟拼農藥減半不減產，禁用類尼古丁救蜜蜂，百萬連署反嘉磷塞 | 上下游News&Market"],["url","https://www.newsmarket.com.tw/blog/93773/"],["summary","每到春來，農人忙著播種之際，也是歐洲各國串連的「農藥行動週」（Pesticide Action Week），連續十二年來，在農忙時節，推廣減少農業用藥與另類農法。歐洲農藥行動網（PAN Europe）表示，農藥減半並非天方夜譚，多位農友挺身見證。法國的研究也證明，少用農藥不代表農民收入減少。\n農藥週海報\n西西里農夫：有機農業不只是「可能」，而是「必要」\n知名酒鄉波爾多往北一百公里，德康堤（François de Conti）在塔納克（Thénac）的葡萄園只施用天然物質，像是異株蕁麻。先前使用化學藥劑時，部分葡萄風味不佳，只有四成可以釀酒，轉型有機生產後，攀升到了八成。「一些轉為有機生產的葡萄農發現，因為品質提升，結果是比慣行農法收入更好。」德康堤說。\n有機的精神不在農藥零檢出，而是更理解作物生態，及早發現問題。「我密切觀察葡萄園裡的所有生態，一些周邊植物會先出現異樣，而這些病徵隨後也可能會發生在葡萄藤上。」德康堤解釋，「這需要精確的觀察能力、知識與技術，但好處是不再仰賴農藥或是化學藥物，這可以保護整個生態體系。」\n西西里島的農人柯波拉（Mimmo Coppola）則認為：「另類農法或有機農業不只是『可能』，而是『必要』，我原本是個農業技師，很明白慣行農法中化學藥物的害處。」如今他在一百公頃的土地上，輪耕著古老的小麥品種、番茄、哈密瓜、蠶豆、大蒜與扁豆。「我熱愛被所謂『進步』毀掉的一切，傳統和古老的智慧能夠把我們從現代的集體中毒解救出來。」\n柯波拉同樣承認，有機農法更加費時費力，需要更多的耐心。然而，「如果不是工業化農業過量生產，導致價格暴跌，我們有機農就能存活下來，並證明不用農藥，尊重環境與健康也能夠有足夠的產量。」\n農藥行動週的海報點出，農藥氣味讓農村風味不再\n法國研究：少用四成農藥，不影響收成或收入\n單獨的個案外，系統化的研究也顯示，農藥減量未必會減產。\n法國「國家農業研究院」（INRA）與「農業解答」公司（Agrosolution）年初共同發表在《自然植物》（Nature Plants）期刊的報告指出，針對946家法國農業企業的研究顯示，近六成的企業減少四成的農藥用量時，不會減少產量或收入。而受到影響的，是原本就極度仰賴農藥的高附加價值作物，像是馬鈴薯與甜菜。\n不過，研究也提醒，即使不會面臨損失，少用農藥並非農友理所當然的選擇，因為有相當的難度而且需要有專家引導。\n歐洲農藥行動網：須落實農藥永續使用的目標\n事實上，歐洲議會與歐洲理事會在2009年就達成共識，要求歐盟執委會（European Commission，猶如歐盟的行政院）研擬促使會員國農藥永續使用的架構。然而事隔7年，執委會遲遲未推出提案，而成員國中也只有丹麥自行積極行動。原本計畫在2018年農藥用量減半的法國，也推遲到2025年才能達到目標。\n更令人沮喪的是，歐盟的農藥銷售量不減反增。即使扣除在2013年才加入歐盟的克羅埃西亞用量，根據歐洲統計局的資料，農藥有效成分在2014年的銷售量達39萬3825公噸，仍高於成員國須開始推動農藥永續使用時，2011年的38萬1261公噸。\n歐洲農藥行動網要求加快推動農藥永續使用，「成員國必須釐清，農藥的專業使用者要遵守哪些規則，以及政府會如何在技術和財政協助農民轉向『害物綜合管理』。」資深政策顧問克莉絲婷尚（Henriette Christensen）進一步指出，「促使農民轉型的最佳政策工具，就是租稅誘因。」可是，一些可能危害環境的農藥，例如嘉磷塞，至今在部分歐洲地區仍享有補貼。\n歐盟成員國平均每公頃農業用地的農藥用量，剛好與歐盟農業補助金呈現正相關。換句話說，農藥用愈多，補助領愈多。「我們要問，用納稅人的錢補助農藥高消耗的國家，這是什麼道理？」克莉絲婷尚質疑，並建議歐盟農業政策必須協助農民轉向低用藥的農法。\n艱難戰役中的小勝利，歐盟可望永遠禁止類尼古丁農藥\n在對抗農藥濫用的艱難戰役中，總算有一則令人鼓舞的消息。\n當台灣仍在爭論益達胺（imidacloprid）對蜜蜂的影響時，歐盟計畫長久禁止類尼古丁（neonicotinoids）農藥。\n根據歐盟執委會在三月初向成員國提交的草案，預計禁用拜耳生產的益達胺、可尼丁（clothianidin）以及先正達的賽速安（thiamethoxam）等三種危及蜜蜂生存的類尼古丁殺蟲劑在田間使用，但密閉的溫室系統例外。\n這項提案最快將在五月投票，需要代表65%歐盟公民的55%會員國支持，才能通過。2013年歐盟決定暫時禁用類尼古丁兩年，當時反對最力的英國脫歐後，可望迎來永久的禁令。\n義大利禁用類尼古丁殺蟲劑，結果是蜜蜂健康、玉米大豐收\n由於出現蜜蜂族群崩潰症（CCD），義大利提前在2008年下令禁止使用益達胺、可尼丁、賽速安，以及巴斯夫（BASF）生產的芬普尼（Fipronil）。\n禁令頒佈的一年後，義大利養蜂與養蠶研究中心在2009年的報告指出，當年春天有10起蜜蜂集體中毒的案例，其中8起與違規使用類尼古丁殺蟲劑有關。相較之下，前一年度春天則有185起蜜蜂集體死亡，其中的132起案例都偵測到類尼古丁殺蟲劑。\n農民一度強烈抗議禁令，擔憂收成銳減，尤其是習慣使用類尼古丁農藥處理玉米種子的農人。米蘭大學農業專家也預測，禁令可能造成農民1.5億歐元的損失。\n不只蜜蜂重拾生機，結果也出乎玉米農意料。即使沒有依照往年的慣習使用類尼古丁農藥處理玉米種子，2010與2011年的玉米切根蟲危害程度並沒有加劇，而2011年更是大豐收，農民反而要擔心「榖賤傷農」。\n然而，蜜蜂並非從此高枕無憂，義大利蜜蜂採集的花粉上仍有多種農藥殘留。全國蜂農協會副主席巴拉卡尼（Giorgio Baracani）說：「我們無意對農民開戰，而是希望雙方合作，找出雙贏策略。畢竟蜜蜂受苦時，授粉過程也不會順利。」\n歐盟拼百萬連署，禁用除草劑嘉磷塞\n類尼古丁農藥可望淡出歐盟農田時，禁用除草劑嘉磷塞（glyphosate）仍是一場硬戰。繼歐洲食品安全局（EFSA）在2015年指出，嘉磷塞「可能不會」致癌後，歐洲化學管理局（ECHA）也在今年三月中表示，嘉磷塞不會致癌或是引發基因變異、影響生殖能力。\n這兩項評估報告，為歐盟再度延長嘉磷塞使用剷除了障礙。然而，綠色和平歐洲分部主任李斯（Jorgo Riss）指出，風險評估委員有利益衝突，波蘭與芬蘭代表都在化學業界工作。\n奧地利環保組織「全球2000」（Global 2000）與農藥行動聯盟等團體則批評，孟山都（Monsanto）等多家農化廠，多年來贊助宣稱嘉磷塞對公共衛生無害的報告，而這些研究常有科學缺陷，像是刻意刪除個案或是引用無關的數據。\n歐洲公民團體積極鼓吹，禁用除草劑嘉磷塞\n孟山都操弄「科學」研究\n美國聯邦法院解密的孟山都電子郵件更顯示，毒物與疾病註冊局（ATSDR）在2015年調查嘉磷塞的風險時，美國環保局（EPA）資深官員羅蘭德（Jess Rowland）私下向孟山都表示：「如果我可以扼殺這份報告，應該得個獎章。」而孟山都也在郵件中提及，可以由該公司代筆「嘉磷塞安全」的論文後，再由其他科學家掛名發表。\n「全球2000」也批評，歐洲與美國的管理機構大量使用由農化大廠贊助的有利嘉磷塞而且未公開發表的產業研究，以此淡化由同儕審查、發表在科學期刊上的論文重要性。\n二十多個歐洲公民團體發起百萬人連署，要求永久禁用嘉磷塞，此外也呼籲改革農藥審核的程序，研究報告必須是由企業出錢，但由主管機關委託，並正式發表在期刊上，而不是像現在，由企業直接贊助研究。\n儘管科學日新月異，農藥對健康影響的研究仍有其侷限。「多數是實驗室裡的毒理學研究，像是可以找出對免疫系統的影響，但也必須納入流行病學研究。可是，因為很難找到完全沒有受農藥影響的人群當對照組，而農藥殘留也存在空氣和水源，加上相關研究必須長時進行，成本很高。」在帕瑪大學教授環境與健康的莫多奈希（Carlo Modonesi）解釋。\n資訊不對稱，禁令總是姍姍來遲\n儘管農化大廠沒有操弄科學研究過程，仍有「資訊不對稱」（information asymmetry）的問題，沒有向受到農藥影響的農民、消費者，乃至主管機關揭露所有的訊息，將風險轉嫁到他者身上。\n最近在台灣鬧得滿城風雨的氟派瑞（fluopyram），雖以食藥署廢止在茶類的容許值暫時收場。但拜耳從2014年遞件申請以來，未自行揭露氟派瑞2015年在歐洲造成葡萄減產，並導致酒商損失慘重的訊息。在台灣，負責審核的農委會也沒有察覺這項風險，未曾在台灣實驗的情況下，便核准含有氟派瑞的三氟派瑞延伸使用在葡萄上。\n拜耳與先正達也被指控隱瞞關於類尼古丁殺蟲劑對蜜蜂影響的研究，而美國環保署知情不報，同樣被環保團體告上法院。\n以科學大旗掩護，加上龐大的金錢攻勢與產官學關係，資訊不對稱衍申為權力不對稱，讓民眾對農化大廠充滿疑心。而總在受害人數與環境惡化嚴重到足以證明「統計顯著性」並提出「科學證據」時，禁令才姍姍來遲。\n延伸閱讀：\n歐盟最新草案類尼古丁農藥嚴重危害蜜蜂預計全面禁用\n氟派瑞在歐洲惹禍多國葡萄受損數十億台幣拜耳低調賠償\n紐約時報對於農化大廠影響科學界的報導\n歐洲環保團體指出農化大廠「收買科學」\n德國《時代週刊》Die Ziet 對嘉磷塞的調查報導\n【餐桌下的交易】拜耳與孟山都攜手向前加速的火車開往何方？"],["topImageUrl","https://www.newsmarket.com.tw/files/2017/04/pan-europe-glyphosat-grafik-1200x630.jpg"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title",null],["url","https://www.efsa.europa.eu/en/press/news/180228"],["summary",null],["topImageUrl",null],["error","NOT_REACHABLE"]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title",null],["url","https://www.euractiv.com/section/agriculture-food/news/pressure-mounts-on-commission-to-put-neonics-ban-to-a-vote/"],["summary",null],["topImageUrl",null],["error","NOT_REACHABLE"]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","The bitter battle over the world’s most popular insecticides"],["url","https://www.nature.com/news/the-bitter-battle-over-the-world-s-most-popular-insecticides-1.22972"],["summary","Lucy Hulmes/CEH\t\tResearchers have monitored the health of the red mason bee (Osmia bicornis-rufa), which nests in hollow cavities.\t\t\n\t\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tMaj Rundlöf remembers the moment she changed her mind about neonicotinoids. In December 2013, in her office at Lund University in Sweden, she and postdoc Georg Andersson were peering at data from their latest study. It was designed to test what would happen to bees if they fed on crops treated with neonicotinoids — the world's most widely used insecticides. “I didn't expect to see any effect at all, to be honest,” says Rundlöf.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tHives of honeybees (Apis mellifera) weren't greatly affected by the chemicals in their pollen and nectar, the study suggested1. But the data on bumblebees (Bombus terrestris) told a different story. Bumblebee colonies that hadn't fed on the treated crops looked normal: they were packing on weight to survive the winter. But in the colonies exposed to neonicotinoids, the growth chart was a flat line.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tWhen the Swedish study was published in April 2015, it made headlines around the world. It was the first to show that neonicotinoid chemicals — known as neonics — could harm bees in a real-world farming situation.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tBee populations are declining in many parts of the globe, a worrying sign for the crops and wild plants that rely on these pollinators for their survival. Parasites, disease and shrinking food resources are all prime suspects. But a link to neonics has become a major flashpoint.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tEven before Rundlöf's results were revealed, the European Union had placed heavy restrictions on the three most widely used neonics in flowering crops — plants that might be attractive to bees — amid rising concerns that the chemicals might harm pollinators. The restricted neonics were imidacloprid and clothianidin, made by agrochemical giant Bayer, and thiamethoxam, made by Syngenta. But farmers, the agrochemical industry and some scientists pointed out that the moratorium was precautionary and based on limited evidence, gathered mostly from lab tests.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tSince Rundlöf's paper, studies showing real-world evidence of harm from pesticides in the field have been mounting — and environmental organizations have demanded wide-ranging bans. Regulatory agencies will soon decide what to do about neonics, which have a global market worth more than US$1.5 billion per year. This month, the EU's European Food Safety Authority is due to complete a re-evaluation of evidence for restricting neonics; the EU will then need to decide what action to take. The US Environmental Protection Agency is expected to complete its own review of the insecticides next year. France's parliament has passed a law that would ban neonics in 2018, although some exemptions will be allowed.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tBut industry groups and some scientists say the evidence still isn't conclusive. The picture is complicated: some studies show harm to some bees in some circumstances, whereas others find no harm. The results seem to be affected by many factors, including the species of bee and the kinds of crops involved. Scientists working on the question say the subject has become toxic: any new study is instantly and furiously picked at by entrenched advocates on both sides. Even the results of the largest study on the matter, funded by the agrochemical industry, failed to produce a consensus. Published this year2, it launched another round of recriminations — including complaints from funders who criticized the paper that they had paid for. Ultimately, it's likely that political or regulatory decisions will settle the matter before opposing parties agree, says Sainath Suryanarayanan, an entomologist and sociologist at the University of Wisconsin–Madison who has studied the bee-health issue. “It is a common pattern for highly contentious and polarized debates,” he says.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tThe world's favourite insecticide\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tIn the early 1980s, scientists at Nihon Tokushu Noyaku Seizo in Tokyo, an arm of Bayer, started to play around with nithiazine, an insecticide created in California a decade earlier. They discovered a new compound that was more than 100 times as effective at killing crop pests, such as aphids. Named imidacloprid, the chemical was launched onto the market in the 1990s, and it quickly became one of the most widely used insecticides in the world. By the mid-2000s, imidacloprid and similar compounds made up one-quarter of all insecticides (see 'Rising tide'). The compounds damage insects' nervous systems by causing the nerves to fire continually until they fail, eventually leading to death. Many neonics are applied directly to seeds, and are taken up by growing plants. If the plant flowers, the chemicals find their way into pollen and nectar.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\t\t\t\n\n\n\n\n\t \t\t\n\t\tSource: USGS/CalPIP\t\t\t\t\n\t\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tIn France, where sunflower seeds coated with imidacloprid came on the market in 1994, beekeepers raised the alarm. They said that their honeybees were failing to make it home after foraging flights, and they pinned the blame on the sunflowers. The concerns triggered a 1999 French ban on imidacloprid-coated sunflower seeds, which continues to this day — although it was based on the precautionary principle, rather than formal proofs of harm, says Axel Decourtye, a researcher at the Institute for Bees in Avignon, France.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tScientists hurried to find those proofs — or evidence that the concern was overblown. Researchers quickly discovered that honeybees fed high doses of neonicotinoids died. And even sub-lethal doses triggered unusual behaviour: exposed honeybees changed their dining habits, foraging less often but for longer periods3. Other research showed4 that neonics act on parts of a bee's brain associated with memory and learning. Honeybees trained to respond to particular scents by sticking out their tongues, for example, performed worse — or failed to learn the task at all — when dosed with a neonic.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tAt every stage, critics raised new queries about how realistic the experiments were, says Decourtye. “How do we know if the neonicotinoid doses are realistic? Does the effect on the individual have any effect on the colony?”\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tOut in the field\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tAs work continued in the laboratory, researchers also began to turn to the fields. In 2012, Decourtye and his colleagues published a paper5 showing that what they called “thiamethoxam intoxication” seemed to interfere with the ability of honeybees to return to their hives after looking for food in a realistic, outdoor setting. Yet that study still dosed bees' food with neonics, rather than allowing them to feed on treated crops.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tAround the same time, a UK team found6 that it was not just honeybees that could be at risk. They reported that colonies of bumblebees exposed to “field-realistic” levels of imidacloprid in the lab and then left to grow in field conditions grew slower than controls. They also produced 85% fewer new queens to carry on their line. That work was led by Dave Goulson, a bee researcher now at the University of Sussex in Brighton, UK. In 2006, Goulson had started a charity dedicated to conserving bumblebees, and people began telling him their concerns about neonics. “To start with, I was pretty dubious,” he says. But by 2014, the Task Force on Systemic Pesticides (TFSP) — a group of 30 scientists, including Goulson — announced that it had analysed 800 peer-reviewed studies on neonics and bees, and found “clear evidence of harm sufficient to trigger regulatory action”8.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tRundlöf's study set out to be the most realistic yet. Her team sowed eight Swedish fields with oilseed-rape seeds coated in clothianidin, and eight with untreated seeds. They found1 not only that bumblebee colonies in treated fields grew less well than the controls, but also that the numbers of wild bees in the treated fields fell. Industry spokespeople noted that honeybee colonies weren't affected, and also quibbled with the study — arguing, for example, that the researchers had only placed a small number of wild bees into fields, so findings might not be statistically robust. Rundlöf, however, points out that the researchers also surveyed wild bees flying around, and had the bumblebee-colony data to draw on. “I know we have robust evidence,” she says.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\t\t\t\t\n\n\n\n\n\t \t\t\n\t\tMaj Rundlöf\t\tResearchers examine the health of honeybees during a field study led by Maj Rundlöf in Sweden.\t\t\n\t\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tIn mid-2017, the largest field study yet — funded with some $3 million from industry — reported its long-awaited results2. Scientists from the Centre for Ecology and Hydrology (CEH) near Wallingford, UK, had put honeybees, mason bees (Osmia bicornis) and bumblebees in 33 oilseed-rape fields in the United Kingdom, Germany and Hungary. This time, the seeds, sown in winter, had been coated with either clothianidin or thiamethoxam, or with a neonicotinoid-free pesticide treatment.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t“A lot of farmers do fundamentally rely on neonicotinoids.”\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tThe researchers, led by CEH entomologist Ben Woodcock, found that bumblebees and mason bees fared less well the more neonics they were exposed to. The honeybee picture was more complicated: in some cases, neonics seemed to affect bee health, but in others, they didn't. In the United Kingdom and Hungary, neonic compounds seemed to reduce worker-bee numbers in honeybee hives; in Hungary, researchers also saw fewer egg cells in these hives, an indication of reduced reproductive success. In Germany, however, the honeybee hives exposed to neonics had more egg cells — a puzzling result. Overall, the CEH study concluded that neonicotinoids reduced bees' ability to establish new colonies after winter. The journal editor's summary of the paper came under the headline: “Damage confirmed”.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tThe agrochemical firms that funded the study don't agree. At a press conference in June, when CEH scientists presented their results — without Woodcock, who was overseas — spokespeople from Syngenta and Bayer told reporters that both the study's analysis and its conclusions were questionable. They noted that Woodcock's team had analysed more than 200 pieces of information about honeybees; 9 showed a negative effect from neonicotinoids, whereas 7 were positive. “The one-line simplistic summary conclusion published does not reflect the data presented in this paper,” argued Peter Campbell, an environmental specialist at Syngenta in Reading, UK, in a separate statement released to the media.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tWoodcock was incensed by the criticism. In an interview with environmental group Greenpeace, he said that industry had accused him of being a liar. Now, he says, he regrets that choice of words, but he still thinks industry took a blinkered view of the results. “I do feel that the sentiment of what I implied, while inappropriate, was not an unreasonable reaction,” he says. The negative effects were in key areas related to bee health, he says, adding that for industrial firms to deny that neonics are having an effect on bees is “probably naive”.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tMany of the academics Nature talked to agree. “I think the majority of researchers highlight that the weakening of bee populations caused by neonicotinoids is proved,” says Decourtye. But not everyone is so certain. “The question of whether the damage to bees is translated to an effect in fields on whole populations of bees is much harder to show,” says Linda Field, head of the department of Biointeractions and Crop Protection at Rothamsted Research in Harpenden, UK. Mature colonies may survive even if individual bees are impaired, because other worker bees compensate, notes Nigel Raine, a biologist at the University of Guelph in Canada. But solitary bees, such as wild bees and queen bumblebees emerging from hibernation, might be at greater risk.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tCampbell thinks that many academics are “neutral” on the matter, but are not vocal about it. Studies showing harm to bees tend to garner media attention, and are published in widely read journals, whereas those showing no impact are relegated to less highly cited publications, he says. But Goulson and Woodcock say some of the studies that industry cites as showing no harm are statistically dubious, and more flawed than the headline-garnering trials that show harm.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tChristian Maus, global lead scientist for bee care at Bayer in Monheim am Rhein, Germany, picks his words carefully. “I think it is clear and undebated that neonicotinoids do have some intrinsic toxicity to bees,” he says. “But under realistic conditions, as prevailing in the field and agricultural practice, we have not seen any evidence that they would be harming honeybee colonies, for instance, when they are correctly applied.”\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tCombinatorial effects\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tResearchers are looking beyond simple relationships between a single pesticide and bee harm. In a 2012 paper8, Raine and his colleagues showed that exposing bumblebees to a neonicotinoid in combination with a pesticide called a pyrethroid hampered their ability to collect pollen. Colonies exposed to both compounds experienced higher losses of worker bees than did controls, or colonies dosed with only one. The study was the first to show combinatorial effects, Raine says — which is important, because bees will be exposed to multiple compounds in the wild. And this year, in a paper9 published alongside Woodcock's, a Canadian team studying honeybee colonies near maize (corn) plants found that the presence of the fungicide boscalid halved the dose of neonics needed to cause death.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tThat work also suggested that neonic chemicals can migrate away from the plants that they are supposed to protect: by identifying the sources of pollen grains in the hives, the researchers showed that bees were exposed to neonics mainly through pollen from untreated plants. Neonicotinoids are water-soluble — which is how they move from seeds into growing plant tissues. “But that also means they can be washed off the seed, into the soil, and maybe into other plants,” says Christian Krupke, an entomologist at Purdue University in West Lafayette, Indiana.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tIn one study10, Krupke found that just 1.34% of clothianidin applied as seed treatment to maize ended up in the crop’s tissues. Neonics that get into the wider environment might cause other, more indirect problems. A 2014 study11 in the Netherlands, for instance, reported a fall in populations of insect-eating birds in areas with high concentrations of neonicotinoids in the water. It suggested that the chemicals might have depleted the birds’ food resource.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tSome researchers are now questioning whether there is any benefit to using neonicotinoids at all. In another study12, Krupke’s group found no benefits on maize yield from the use of neonicotinoids in Indiana. In this crop, he says, the prophylactic use of neonicotinoids — which are often part of a bundle of pesticides sold pre-applied to seeds — is foolish.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t“The way they’re used doesn’t make any sense,” he says. “It only makes sense from one motive. That is the profit motive for the manufacturer.”\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tCampbell insists that neonicotinoids do provide yield increases, but much of the evidence is proprietary and unpublished. Since the EU neonicotinoid restrictions, Maus says, research suggests there has been a 4% decline in oilseed-rape yield. Whether or not the restrictions have had any effect, farmers have furiously protested against losing the ability to use neonics. Anecdotal reports suggest many are attempting to compensate by applying increasing amounts of pyrethroids, which are sprayed over crops, rather than applied to seeds; these chemicals may bring their own health risks if used in large quantities, because they are toxic to fish and aquatic insects.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tThe B word\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tRegulators in some countries will soon decide whether to take further action to restrict neonics — and here, researchers are split. Some campaign groups, such as Greenpeace and the Pesticide Action Network, have argued for a ban on the use of neonics on all outdoor crops, not just those that might be attractive to bees, such as the bright-yellow flowers of oilseed rape.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t“A lot of farmers do fundamentally rely on neonicotinoids,” says Woodcock. And clamping down severely on one chemical might mean that greater amounts of other damaging substances are used. “If people can't use neonicotinoids and they go to other insecticides, is that any better? There are lots of knock-on effects,” says Field.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tThat concern points to wider doubts about the regulatory systems that allowed agrichemicals such as neonics onto the market in the first place, says Goulson. Many researchers are hesitant to advocate outright bans. Some, such as Rundlöf, say it isn't their job to make policy recommendations. But Goulson says his view has changed as the evidence has mounted. In 2014 — at the time of the TFSP's first synthesis report — he thought that there might be certain situations in which neonics were the best option. But since then, he says, there's been even stronger evidence of collapsing insect populations — and it is hard to regulate partial bans. “I think now I'd vote for a complete ban,” he says.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tWhatever regulators do, Goulson says, he is growing increasingly downbeat about the chances of any consensus forming between industry and academia on the issue. “I'm starting to come to the conclusion there will never be a game-changer,” he says. “There is nothing I think any scientist could do at this point to make people all sit down and have any answer.”"],["topImageUrl","http://www.nature.com/polopoly_fs/7.47588.1510137647!/image/LucyHulmes_OsmiaBicornis-rufa_DSC_0165_WEB.jpg_gen/derivatives/nature_homepage/LucyHulmes_OsmiaBicornis-rufa_DSC_0165_WEB.jpg"],["error",null]]}]}],["text","親愛的朋友，\n\n您好！現在，全世界有成千上萬蜜蜂逐漸死去，但兩天後，歐盟有望全面禁用危及蜜蜂存續的有毒農藥！\n\n頂尖的科學家以及農民聯盟都不斷呼籲實施禁令，歐盟國家的民眾也普遍支持；英、法、德等12國將投下支持票，但我們還需要另外4個國家的一票才能贏得星期五的表決。一旦歐盟通過禁令，我們就有機會進而推動更多國家跟進。\n\n目前表決的情勢尚未完全明朗，所以每一個連署簽名都至關重要 -- 邀請您立刻加入連署，並幫忙分享出去：\n\nhttps://secure.avaaz.org/campaign/ct/save_the_bees_neonics_loc_ns/?tUlKRlb&v=500463352&cl=14353930467&_checksum=767b05c6ceeaaced891d5ac06558c6c787260449170dbc0659039ba024e81252\n\n致各歐盟成員國、世界各國領袖及農業部長：\n\n「我們籲請您們即刻禁用類尼古丁（neonicotinoid）農藥。蜜蜂族群的衰亡將會使我們的整個食物鏈面臨崩壞，如果您迅速採取行動，我們就有望拯救蜜蜂免於滅絕。」\n\nhttps://secure.avaaz.org/campaign/ct/save_the_bees_neonics_loc_ns/?tUlKRlb&v=500463352&cl=14353930467&_checksum=767b05c6ceeaaced891d5ac06558c6c787260449170dbc0659039ba024e81252\n\n美國和歐洲都面臨蜜蜂族群急速消亡，我們需要蜜蜂為農作物授粉，因此牠們的死亡也將對整個食物鏈帶來危機！\n\n銷售這些農藥的化學公司正竭力遊說歐盟延後施行禁令；歐洲各國的Avaaz成員紛紛致電他們的官員、刊登廣告，以累積支持禁令的民意。\n\n現在，我們需要全世界一起串連史上最大規模的保護蜜蜂連署！請立刻加入，並幫忙分享給親朋好友：\n\nhttps://secure.avaaz.org/campaign/ct/save_the_bees_neonics_loc_ns/?tUlKRlb&v=500463352&cl=14353930467&_checksum=767b05c6ceeaaced891d5ac06558c6c787260449170dbc0659039ba024e81252\n\nAvaaz多年來持續推動禁用類尼古丁農藥；現在，距離成功在歐洲通過永久禁令只剩下幾天了 -- 讓我們凝聚龐大的全球聲浪，給蜜蜂一線生機。\n\n滿懷希望的Alice, Antonia, Lisa, Nick 以及 Avaaz 全體團隊敬上\n\n更多資訊：\n\n歐盟最新草案類尼古丁農藥嚴重危害蜜蜂預計全面禁用\nhttps://www.newsmarket.com.tw/blog/93253/\n\n終結嘉磷塞，歐盟關鍵一戰│法義支持、德國搖擺，百萬歐洲公民連署禁用https://www.newsmarket.com.tw/blog/101270/\n\n歐盟拼農藥減半不減產，禁用類尼古丁救蜜蜂，百萬連署反嘉磷塞https://www.newsmarket.com.tw/blog/93773/\n\n更多資訊（英文）：\n\nNeonicotinoids: risks to bees confirmed (EFSA)\nhttps://www.efsa.europa.eu/en/press/news/180228\n\nPressure mounts on Commission to put neonics ban to a vote (Euractiv)\nhttps://www.euractiv.com/section/agriculture-food/news/pressure-mounts-on-commission-to-put-neonics-ban-to-a-vote/\n\nThe bitter battle over the world’s most popular insecticides (Nature)\nhttps://www.nature.com/news/the-bitter-battle-over-the-world-s-most-popular-insecticides-1.22972"],["id","1i95bq4c279wv"],["createdAt","2018-04-26T15:40:55.717Z"]]}]}],["relatedReplies",{"__iterable":"List","data":[{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["article",{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["replyCount",1],["references",{"__iterable":"List","data":[{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["type","LINE"]]}]}],["replyRequestCount",2],["user",{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["id","j4S8C_WAuYYj2LVfJbSwWOWex9UXA7W6d3Pwk7voZng0aQP9s"],["name","厚道的中和蜜妮安"],["avatarUrl",null],["level",0]]}],["hyperlinks",{"__iterable":"List","data":[{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","COVID 19 VACCINE WARNING! MARK OF THE BEAST! MANDATED VACCINE+CHIP"],["url","https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IMc74QpJf04"],["summary","https://id2020.org/alliance\n\nhttps://www.nowtheendbegins.com/big-pharma-microsoft-silicon-valley-id2020-alliance-combine-vaccinations-with-implantable-microchip-digital-id-mark-beast-end-times/\n\nVACCINE plus MICROCHIP\nhttps://principia-scientific.org/id2020-alliance-will-combine-vaccinations-implantable-id-microchips/\n\nUS COMPANIES RACE TO TEST CORONA VIRUS VACCINE\nhttps://amp.cnn.com/cnn/2020/02/27/investing/coronavirus-vaccine/index.html\n\nUS VACCINE TRIALS\nhttps://www.cnbc.com/amp/2020/02/25/us-health-officials-say-human-trials-on-coronavirus-vaccine-to-start-in-6-weeks.html"],["topImageUrl",null],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","ID2020 | Alliance & Governance"],["url","https://id2020.org/alliance"],["summary","No government, company or agency can solve this challenge alone. Setting the future course of digital ID and navigating the associated risks is a challenge that requires sustained collaboration and global partnership.\n \n \n \n Why the Alliance\n \n \n \n \n Partners\n \n \n \n \n Governance\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Explore\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n The ID2020 Alliance is unique in its philosophy and transparent governance.\n \n \n ID2020 is building a new global model for the design, funding, and\nimplementation of digital ID solutions and technologies. There is no other multi-stakeholder effort focused on user-managed, privacy-protecting, and portable digital ID.\n \n \n Ad-hoc investments in single use-case projects (“business as usual”) will be insufficient to bring about transformative impact. Changing the flow of funds is necessary to re-align incentives. That’s why Alliance partners are pooling funds to invest in programs that consider digital ID holistically, as a platform for diverse benefits, services, and use cases throughout an individual’s life.\n \n \n Private sector engagement is critical for solving at scale. Alliance partners include companies with a collective footprint in the billions and a shared commitment to an ethical approach to digital ID. Decisions about how Alliance funds are administered, which programs to fund, and which technical standards to support are made jointly by Alliance partners through a transparent governance process, preventing dominance by any single institution or sector.\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Alliance Partners\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n A global management consulting and professional services firm, Accenture joined as a founding partner in June 2017. Accenture representatives participate in ID2020’s Executive Board and Technical Advisory Committee.\n \n \n \n \n Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance brings together public and private sectors with the shared goal of creating equal access to new and underused vaccines for children living in the world’s poorest countries. Dr. Seth Berkley, CEO of Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance, sits on our Executive Board.\n \n \n \n \n Since 1913, the Rockefeller Foundation has sought to improve the well-being of humanity around the world. The Rockefeller Foundation provided ID2020 with seed funding in in 2017 and has been an ongoing supporter of ID2020’s work.\n \n \n \n \n The American multinational technology company joined ID2020 in January 2018 as a founding partner. Members of the Microsoft team sit on ID2020’s Technical and Program Delivery Advisory Committees.\n \n \n \n \n Created by IDEO, the international design and consulting firm, to design products, services, and experiences to improve the lives of people in poor and vulnerable communities, IDEO.org joined ID2020 in 2018. IDEO.org is represented on our Program Delivery and Ecosystem & Advocacy Advisory Committees.\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n The Alliance, a collaborative effort of global partners, is solving for scale from day one \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Closing the identity gap is an enormous challenge. It will take the work of many committed people and organizations coming together across different geographies, sectors and technologies. But it’s exciting to imagine a world where safe and secure digital identities are possible, providing everyone with an essential building block to every right and opportunity they deserve.\n Peggy Johnson\n Executive VP, Business Development, Microsoft Corporation\n \n \n Digital identity has the capacity to enable access to vital, life-saving services in many different development and humanitarian contexts, including by accelerating access to basic health care systems. I am excited to join ID2020's Executive Board, and guide the organization and partners in harnessing innovative technologies and multi-sectoral collaboration to benefit the world's most vulnerable populations.\n Dr. Seth Berkley\n CEO, Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance\n \n \n Accenture has joined the ID2020 Alliance with partners like Microsoft to create an open, human-centric approach to identity. The alliance draws on advances in biometrics and innovative technologies and brings together expertise from business, government and non-government agencies.\n Christine Leong\n Digital Identity Innovations Lead\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n Alliance Governance\n As an alliance, the success of this initiative depends on robust collaboration and a clearly defined means for stakeholder engagement.\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Board\n The governing body for the Alliance is the ID2020 Alliance Executive Board. The eleven mmeber board includes five independent Directors, two Directors nominated as representatives of the public sector Founding Partners, two Directors nominated as representatives of the private sector Founding Partners, one Director nominated as a privacy expert, and one Director representing funding organizations.\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Advisory Committees\n The Board is supported by four thematic Advisory Committees, which provide in-depth advice to the ID2020 Board. Membership in these committees is set by the Board, with Founding Partners eligible to nominate representatives to two Advisory Committees.\n \n \n \n \n \n \n Secretariat\n ID2020, a US-registered 501(c)(3) based in New York, NY, is the Secretariat for the Alliance. As such, ID2020 is responsible and accountable for day-to-day operations, including: raising money to fund digital ID projects, coordinating with implementing partners for project implementation, setting and managing technical standards, monitoring and evaluation, legal and financial management and administration of the governance system. Management of these activities is the responsibility of ID2020’s Executive Director."],["topImageUrl",null],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","Big Pharma And Microsoft Are Teaming Up In Something Called The 'ID2020 Alliance' That Will Combine Vaccinations With Implantable Microchips To Create Your Digital ID • Now The End Begins"],["url","https://www.nowtheendbegins.com/big-pharma-microsoft-silicon-valley-id2020-alliance-combine-vaccinations-with-implantable-microchip-digital-id-mark-beast-end-times/"],["summary","For years we’ve been watching as Microsoft founder Bill Gates, now retired from the company he founded, use his billions to give ‘free vaccinations‘ to people in third world countries. Now Bill has become a founding partner in another company, this one is called the ID2020 Alliance, and its goal is to give every human being on Earth a digital id. How do they plan on accomplishing this feat? By combining mandatory vaccinations with implantable microchips. Genius, isn’t it? And coming soon to a theater near you, as the saying goes.“And he causeth all, both small and great, rich and poor, free and bond, to receive a mark in their right hand, or in their foreheads: And that no man might buy or sell, save he that had the mark, or the name of the beast, or the number of his name. Here is wisdom. Let him that hath understanding count the number of the beast: for it is the number of a man; and his number is Six hundred threescore and six.” Revelation 13:16-18 (KJV)So now you know what Bill Gates and his wife Melinda were really doing over the past 10 years, travelling to third word countries and giving ‘free vaccinations’ to the poor, downtrodden natives. Those ‘free vaccinations‘ was research and a live testing lab to conduct the necessary experiments required to form ID2020. And as you will see today, this unholy hybrid of vaccinations and implantable microchips is already happening in Bangladesh, soon it will be Boston. A page on the Gates Foundation website says that Bill and Melinda have so far invested over $2.5 billion dollars to this project, with no end in sight. Can the man who put the world behind a personal computer now put a vaccination microchip digital ID into the global population? Bill Gates is absolutely positive he can, and indeed is well on his way to achieving that goal.“Let no man deceive you by any means: for that day shall not come, except there come a falling away first, and that man of sin be revealed, the son of perdition; Who opposeth and exalteth himself above all that is called God, or that is worshipped; so that he as God sitteth in the temple of God, shewing himself that he is God.” 2 Thessalonians 2:3,4 (KJV)We have been warning you about this for the past 10 years, and now it is happening. Are you ready for what comes next? I hope you are. Keep looking for that Blessed Hope, and thank God it comes before the time of Jacob’s trouble. If only my friend, Carl Sanders, the man who first revealed the inner-workings of the team that created the RFID microchip, had lived long enough to see this day.Vaccines now being used to harvest biometric identities of everyone; Big Brother merges with Big PharmaFROM NATURAL NEWS: The ID2020 Alliance, as it’s being called, is a digital identity program that aims to “leverage immunization” as a means of inserting tiny microchips into people’s bodies. In collaboration with the Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunizations, also known as GAVI, the government of Bangladesh and various other “partners in government, academia, and humanitarian relief,” the ID2020 Alliance hopes to usher in this mark of the beast as a way to keep tabs on every human being living on Earth.Similar to how cattle are marked with ear tags, this globalist alliance wants all humans to be “vaccinated” with digital tracking chips that will create a seamless monitoring system for the New World Order to manage the populations of the world with ease.“We are implementing a forward-looking approach to digital identity that gives individuals control over their own personal information, while still building off existing systems and programs,” says Anir Chowdhury, a policy advisor at a2i, the Bangladesh government’s “Access to Information Program.”“The government of Bangladesh recognizes that the design of digital identity systems carries far-reaching implications for individuals’ access to services and livelihoods, and we are eager to pioneer this approach,” he adds.Look at what is on the wall at this high-level meeting of ID2020 employees. Anyone care to guess what you’re looking at? 🤔While the ID2020 program’s testing grounds are primarily in the Third World, the group says it’s also now working with governments here in the United States to start microchipping people through vaccination.In Austin, Texas, for example, the homeless population is now being exploited as a collective guinea pig for ID2020’s microchip vaccination program, which the group claims will help to “empower” homeless people by supposedly giving them “control” over their personal identity data.“The City of Austin, ID2020, and several other partners are working together with homeless people and the service providers who engage with them to develop a blockchain-enabled digital identity platform called MyPass to empower homeless people with their own identity data,” writes Chris Burt for BiometricUpdate.com.MEET THE END TIMES PLAYERS BEHIND ID2020 ALLIANCE, ALL THE USUAL SUSPECTS AND A FEW NEW ONESID2020 is also jabbing refugees with its microchip vaccinations through two inaugural pilot programs known as iRespond and Everest. According to reports, iRespond has “improved continuity of care” for more than 3,000 refugees receiving drug treatments for chronic illness. Everest, on the other hand, has “assisted with the provision of access to critical energy subsidies and a range of additional services with secure and user-centric digital identities without relying on a smartphone,” Burt writes.All of this is priming the public for an eventual mandate of microchip vaccinations, which will be required for every individual in order to buy and sell goods. Chowdhury openly admitted this in stating that digital identity systems will be necessary for “individuals’ access to services and livelihoods.”In other words, the Bible is right: A global identification system is in the works that will eventually be required for people to function in society, and ultimately survive. Without these microchips in their bodies, people won’t be able to work, let alone eat, and it’s all happening right before our very eyes.Keep in mind that ID2020 is a part of the so-called “REAL ID,” which will soon be required for those who wish to travel. REAL ID will also be used as a backdoor method of implementing mandatory vaccination policies for adults. READ MOREOur Manifesto | ID2020We believe the ability to prove one’s identity is a fundamental and universal human right. ID2020 Alliance partners jointly define functional requirements, influencing the course of technical innovation and providing a route to technical interoperability, and therefore trust and recognition. ID2020 Summit 2018: Part 1The ID2020 Alliance is a public-private partnership committed to improving lives through user-centric, portable, privacy-protecting digital identity. This year’s Summit, convened by ID2020 Alliance, brought together leaders and innovators in the field to discuss the technical and non-technical requirements to yield a collective roadmap that moves us towards broad adoption of “good” digital identity for all. Carl Sanders Helped Design The first Implantable MicrochipCarl Sanders was an engineer on the world’s first implantable microchip, and in the process of working on this incredible end times device, Carl got saved and spent the rest of his life warning people about what was coming. What you will hear in this video clip is taken from a cassette tape that was sent around churches back in the 1990’s, I had one of those copies. When the Lord had me start NTEB, Bro. Carl and I became friends and he was a guest on our program many times. This is the audio from that cassette tape. I had the privilege of interviewing Bro. Carl back in 2013, and you can listen to that interview here.Now The End Begins is your front line defense against the rising tide of darkness in the last days before the Rapture of the ChurchHOW TO DONATE:Click here to view our GoFundMe pageWhen you contribute to this fundraising effort, you are helping us to do what the Lord called us to do. The money you send in goes primarily to the overall daily operations of this site. When people ask for Bibles, we send them out at no charge. When people write in and say how much they would like gospel tracts but cannot afford them, we send them a box at no cost to them for either the tracts or the shipping, no matter where they are in the world. Even all the way to South Africa. We even restarted our weekly radio Bible study on Sunday nights again, thanks to your generous donations. All this is possible because YOU pray for us, YOU support us, and YOU give so we can continue growing.CLICK IMAGE TO ORDER YOUR BOX OF NTEB GOSPEL TRACTSBut whatever you do, don’t do nothing. Time is short and we need your help right now. If every one of the 13,131 people on our daily mailing list gave $4.50, we would reach our goal immediately. If every one of our 151,781 followers on Facebook gave $1.00 each, we would reach 300% of our goal. The same goes for our 14,500 followers on Twitter. But sadly, many will not give, so we need the ones who can and who will give to be generous. As generous as possible.“Looking for that blessed hope, and the glorious appearing of the great God and our Saviour Jesus Christ;” Titus 2:13 (KJV)“Thank you very much!” – Geoffrey, editor-in-chief, NTEBHOW TO DONATE: Click here to view our GoFundMe page"],["topImageUrl",null],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","'ID2020 Alliance' Will Combine Vaccinations & Implantable ID Microchips | PSI Intl"],["url","https://principia-scientific.org/id2020-alliance-will-combine-vaccinations-implantable-id-microchips/"],["summary","Big Pharma is officially partnering with the tech industry to pair “immunization” with digital biometrics, meaning humans will soon be microchipped, tracked, and ultimately controlled through a global identification matrix.For years we’ve been watching as Microsoft founder Bill Gates, now retired from the company he founded, use his billions to give ‘free vaccinations‘ to people in third world countries. Now Bill has become a founding partner in another company, this one is called the ID2020 Alliance, and its goal is to give every human being on Earth a digital id. How do they plan on accomplishing this feat? By combining mandatory vaccinations with implantable microchips. Genius, isn’t it? And coming soon to a theater near you, as the saying goes.So now you know what Bill Gates and his wife Melinda were really doing over the past 10 years, travelling to third word countries and giving ‘free vaccinations’ to the poor, downtrodden natives. Those ‘free vaccinations‘ was research and a live testing lab to conduct the necessary experiments required to form ID2020.And as you will see today, this unholy hybrid of vaccinations and implantable microchips is already happening in Bangladesh, soon it will be Boston. A page on the Gates Foundation website says that Bill and Melinda have so far invested over $2.5 billion dollars to this project, with no end in sight.Can the man who put the world behind a personal computer now put a vaccination microchip digital ID into the global population? Bill Gates is absolutely positive he can, and indeed is well on his way to achieving that goal.“Let no man deceive you by any means: for that day shall not come, except there come a falling away first, and that man of sin be revealed, the son of perdition; Who opposeth and exalteth himself above all that is called God, or that is worshipped; so that he as God sitteth in the temple of God, shewing himself that he is God.” 2 Thessalonians 2:3,4 (KJV)We have been warning you about this for the past 10 years, and now it is happening. Are you ready for what comes next? I hope you are. Keep looking for that Blessed Hope, and thank God it comes before the time of Jacob’s trouble. If only my friend, Carl Sanders, the man who first revealed the inner-workings of the team that created the RFID microchip, had lived long enough to see this day.Vaccines now being used to harvest biometric identities of everyone; Big Brother merges with Big PharmaFROM NATURAL NEWS: The ID2020 Alliance, as it’s being called, is a digital identity program that aims to “leverage immunization” as a means of inserting tiny microchips into people’s bodies. In collaboration with the Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunizations, also known as GAVI, the government of Bangladesh and various other “partners in government, academia, and humanitarian relief,” the ID2020 Alliance hopes to usher in this mark of the beast as a way to keep tabs on every human being living on Earth.Similar to how cattle are marked with ear tags, this globalist alliance wants all humans to be “vaccinated” with digital tracking chips that will create a seamless monitoring system for the New World Order to manage the populations of the world with ease.“WE ARE IMPLEMENTING A FORWARD-LOOKING APPROACH TO DIGITAL IDENTITY THAT GIVES INDIVIDUALS CONTROL OVER THEIR OWN PERSONAL INFORMATION, WHILE STILL BUILDING OFF EXISTING SYSTEMS AND PROGRAMS,” SAYS ANIR CHOWDHURY, A POLICY ADVISOR AT A2I, THE BANGLADESH GOVERNMENT’S “ACCESS TO INFORMATION PROGRAM.”“The government of Bangladesh recognizes that the design of digital identity systems carries far-reaching implications for individuals’ access to services and livelihoods, and we are eager to pioneer this approach,” he adds.Look at what is on the wall at this high-level meeting of ID2020 employees. Anyone care to guess what you’re looking at? While the ID2020 program’s testing grounds are primarily in the Third World, the group says it’s also now working with governments here in the United States to start microchipping people through vaccination.IN AUSTIN, TEXAS, FOR EXAMPLE, THE HOMELESS POPULATION IS NOW BEING EXPLOITED AS A COLLECTIVE GUINEA PIG FOR ID2020’S MICROCHIP VACCINATION PROGRAM, WHICH THE GROUP CLAIMS WILL HELP TO “EMPOWER” HOMELESS PEOPLE BY SUPPOSEDLY GIVING THEM “CONTROL” OVER THEIR PERSONAL IDENTITY DATA.“The City of Austin, ID2020, and several other partners are working together with homeless people and the service providers who engage with them to develop a blockchain-enabled digital identity platform called MyPass to empower homeless people with their own identity data,” writes Chris Burt for BiometricUpdate.com.MEET THE END TIMES PLAYERS BEHIND ID2020 ALLIANCE, ALL THE USUAL SUSPECTS AND A FEW NEW ONESID2020 is also jabbing refugees with its microchip vaccinations through two inaugural pilot programs known as iRespond and Everest. According to reports, iRespond has “improved continuity of care” for more than 3,000 refugees receiving drug treatments for chronic illness. Everest, on the other hand, has “assisted with the provision of access to critical energy subsidies and a range of additional services with secure and user-centric digital identities without relying on a smartphone,” Burt writes.All of this is priming the public for an eventual mandate of microchip vaccinations, which will be required for every individual in order to buy and sell goods. Chowdhury openly admitted this in stating that digital identity systems will be necessary for “individuals’ access to services and livelihoods.”In other words, the Bible is right: A global identification system is in the works that will eventually be required for people to function in society, and ultimately survive. Without these microchips in their bodies, people won’t be able to work, let alone eat, and it’s all happening right before our very eyes.Keep in mind that ID2020 is a part of the so-called “REAL ID,” which will soon be required for those who wish to travel. REAL ID will also be used as a backdoor method of implementing mandatory vaccination policies for adults. READ MOREOur Manifesto | ID2020We believe the ability to prove one’s identity is a fundamental and universal human right. ID2020 Alliance partners jointly define functional requirements, influencing the course of technical innovation and providing a route to technical interoperability, and therefore trust and recognition.ID2020 Summit 2018: Part 1The ID2020 Alliance is a public-private partnership committed to improving lives through user-centric, portable, privacy-protecting digital identity. This year’s Summit, convened by ID2020 Alliance, brought together leaders and innovators in the field to discuss the technical and non-technical requirements to yield a collective roadmap that moves us towards broad adoption of “good” digital identity for all.Carl Sanders Helped Design The first Implantable MicrochipCarl Sanders was an engineer on the world’s first implantable microchip, and in the process of working on this incredible end times device, Carl got saved and spent the rest of his life warning people about what was coming. What you will hear in this video clip is taken from a cassette tape that was sent around churches back in the 1990’s, I had one of those copies. When the Lord had me start NTEB, Bro. Carl and I became friends and he was a guest on our program many times. This is the audio from that cassette tape. I had the privilege of interviewing Bro. Carl back in 2013, and you can listen to that interview here.****PRINCIPIA SCIENTIFIC INTERNATIONAL, legally registered in the UK as a company incorporated for charitable purposes. Head Office: 27 Old Gloucester Street, London WC1N 3AX. Please DONATE TODAY To Help Our Non-Profit Mission To Defend The Scientific Method."],["topImageUrl",null],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","Drug companies race to test coronavirus vaccines"],["url","https://www.cnn.com/2020/02/27/investing/coronavirus-vaccine/index.html"],["summary","New York (CNN Business)Gilead Sciences stock was up slightly on Thursday, even as the Dow plunged into correction status. The reason? The biotech company is moving closer to finding a potential treatment for the deadly coronavirus. It plans to start administering its remdesivir drug to patients next month. Shares of Gilead Sciences (GILD) have risen more than 10% in the past five days as the race to find an effective treatment for the outbreak continues. It's not alone. The stocks of two smaller biotechs working on coronavirus vaccines -- Moderna (MRNA) and Novavax (NVAX) -- have both soared in the past few days on hopes that their treatments may show some success as well.Gilead said in a statement late Wednesday that it will be administering its remdesivir drug to \"approximately 1,000 patients at medical centers primarily across Asian countries, as well as other countries globally with high numbers of diagnosed cases, beginning in March.\"The World Health Organization has said that remdesivir may have the best chance of effectively treating the Wuhan coronavirus.Gilead said in its statement that it will conduct two randomized studies to evaluate the effectiveness of different dosing durations of remdesivir.One will be for about 400 patients with severe clinical manifestations of coronavirus. The other will be for about 600 patients with more moderate symptoms. Patients in both groups will receive the drug for either five or 10 days."],["topImageUrl",null],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","US health officials say human trials on coronavirus vaccine to start in 6 weeks"],["url","https://www.cnbc.com/amp/2020/02/25/us-health-officials-say-human-trials-on-coronavirus-vaccine-to-start-in-6-weeks.html"],["summary","Human trials testing a potential vaccine for the COVID-19 coronavirus are expected to begin in six weeks, U.S. health officials announced Tuesday.\"We are on time at least and maybe even a little bit better,\" Dr. Anthony Fauci, director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, told reporters.Passengers arrive at LAX from Shanghai, China, after a positive case of the coronavirus was announced in the Orange County suburb of Los Angeles, California, January 26, 2020.Ringo Chiu | ReutersHuman trials testing a potential vaccine for the COVID-19 coronavirus are expected to begin in six weeks, U.S. health officials announced Tuesday.\"We are on time at least and maybe even a little bit better,\" Dr. Anthony Fauci, director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, an agency within the Department of Health and Human Services, told reporters at a press conference. \"Hopefully, no further glitches.\"The White House reportedly asked Congress on Monday for $1.25 billion in additional funding to bolster its coronavirus response, including money to develop a vaccine and therapeutics to treat the virus. The National Institutes of Health has been working with biotech company Moderna to develop a vaccine using the current strain of the coronavirus.Hopes to get a vaccine to market are high, but doctors want expectations to be low for how quickly it can happen. Developing, testing and reviewing any potential vaccine is a long, complex and expensive endeavor that could take months or even years, global health experts say. Before researchers can begin human trials, they must have a firm understanding of the pathogen, run safety tests and find enough human volunteers.U.S. health officials are fast-tracking work on a coronavirus vaccine.Fauci said Tuesday that the potential vaccine has so far been put into mice and is \"immunogenic,\" or triggers a response in the immune system, suggesting it could fight the virus.\"The gene has been expressed in the platform, in this case, a messenger RNA. The material has been produced, it's been put into mice. It's immunogenic,\" he said. \"It's now getting ready to go through the regulatory issues of getting it to go.\"Fauci said a vaccine may not solve \"problems in the next couple of months but it certainly would be an important tool that we would have.\" He said it's possible the virus will prove to be seasonal, thus likely to subside in the warmer months like the flu.There are currently no proven therapies for the latest outbreak, which has killed at least 2,704 and sickened more than 80,200 people worldwide since emerging from the Chinese city of Wuhan about two months ago.Local authorities in China have using Gilead Sciences' antiviral drug Remdesivir, which was tested as a possible treatment during the Ebola outbreak, U.S. health officials said last month. Some authorities are also using antiviral drug Kaletra, developed by drugmaker AbbVie, on a \"compassionate basis.\"Earlier in the day, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention outlined what schools and businesses will likely need to do if the COVID-19 virus becomes an epidemic outbreak in the U.S.\"We are asking the American public to work with us to prepare for the expectation that this could be bad,\" Dr. Nancy Messonnier, director of the CDC's National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, told reporters on a conference call.The CDC late Monday confirmed 53 cases in the U.S., a majority of which came from passengers repatriated from the Diamond Princess cruise ship that was quarantined off the coast of Japan. The data shows that 36 of the cases are attributed to the cruise ship, three patients were infected in Wuhan and later evacuated to the U.S., and the rest were largely infected while traveling overseas.Just two cases were contracted through person-to-person contact in the U.S., the CDC said.Later Tuesday, U.S. health officials said the outbreak will likely become a global pandemic. They also confirmed four new cases from the cruise ship.\"Current global circumstances suggest it's likely this virus will cause a pandemic,\" Anne Schuchat, principal deputy director of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention told reporters at a news briefing.\"It's not so much a question of if this will happen any more, but rather more a question of when this will happen and how many people in this country will become infected and how many of those will develop severe or more complicated disease,\" she added.CNBC's Noah Higgins-Dunn contributed to this report."],["topImageUrl",null],["error",null]]}]}],["text","轉～值得參考儆醒防範\n——-\nCOVID 19 VACCINE WARNING! MARK OF THE BEAST! MANDATED VACCINE+CHIP\n疫苗警告！兽印！强制性疫苗+芯片\nhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IMc74QpJf04\nWatchwoman 2020年2月27日\n今天是2020年2月27日。一礼拜之前主赐给我一个很长的梦。我今天在这个视频中，只将重要的一部分发布出来。通过这个梦，我要警告大家，务必抵挡政府要你注射的疫苗，因为那里面结合着一个植入芯片，而且这个疫苗将会在你的手上注射！这个芯片就是那“兽印”！\n还有，我们看到有一种防流感的疫苗，也要出来，那是一种严重的流感病毒。\n在梦里，有一个邪恶的女人，我已经是个成年人，能够允许她去对我做她要做的事情。她站在我前面，手里拿着一只注射针头，注射管是紫色薰衣草的颜色，里面有液体。她看着我说：“这是为了医治你的焦虑症。”我刚一同意，她立即就给我注射了。然后我感觉自己失去了知觉，无法控制我的身体了。当时我好像半睡半醒的状态，我向下看我的手，上面有两只创可贴，而不是一只创可贴。她说只给我注射一针，为何有两只创可贴呢？\n那个梦还在继续，我看到的下一件事就是，我的名字从生命册上被耶稣的眼泪涂抹了。祂的眼泪流到我的名字上，无论我多么努力，我再也无法将我的名字写回去了。\n当我醒来以后，就赶紧把这个梦的内容，详细记录下来。我明白了，这是神在提醒我，即将有一种疫苗，与兽印结合在一起，注射进入我们的人体里，而且还要给全世界的人注射。我认为，他们会知道他们自己正在接受一个芯片在手上，但是, 却以某种方式与疫苗相捆绑。有可能是在同一次注射当中植入的，也可能说是为了预防冠状病毒，或者说是预防即将到来的其它的坏病毒。你必须同意和允许他们在你手上植入这个兽印芯片。\n当我进行研究的时候，我发现了一些信息。我将链接放在本视频的下方的“Description Box”里面。\n有一种东西，叫做“ID 2020”。那是有世界上最富有的人们所计划运行的，包括比尔·盖茨基金会，以及其他世界上最有的钱人。他们企图要让人们接受一种联合疫苗和追踪芯片，称之为“ID 2020”。他们正在世界上的贫穷地区，开始试验这个东西。\n就在2月25日，两天前，CDC宣布，他们要开始在美国进行疫苗注射试验，在那些已经患上冠状病毒的人们身上进行。他们表示很高兴地宣布，他们已经有一种疫苗了，他们认为这看起来很好，但我觉得这很奇怪，怎么会这么快，似乎已经早有预备呢？好像他们早就准备要给人们注射这种疫苗了？\n如果你感染了冠状病毒，也不要参加任何一种像这样的试验，因为我很清楚，这种疫苗，是以某种方式，与兽印芯片相结合。他们企图植入你的右手上面，或是你的额头上面。\n我这是一个严重的警告，接受了他们的兽印的人，再也无法进入天国了！因为在圣经《启示录》13:16中说过：“牠又叫众人，无论大小贫富、自主的、为奴的，都在右手里，或是在额里，受一个印记。”14:9“若有人敬拜兽和兽像，在额里，或手里，受了牠的印记（接受了兽印），这人必喝神大怒的酒；此酒斟在神忿怒的杯中纯一不杂。他要在圣天使和羔羊面前，在火与硫磺之中受痛苦。他们受痛苦的烟往上冒，直到永永远远。有谁敬拜兽和兽像，受牠名之印记的，昼夜不得安宁。”\n耶稣很快就要回来了。我向那些没有跟随神的人们发出警告。你们很可能要面对这件事情。那些已经感染了冠状病毒的人们，生病的人们，考虑要接受疫苗试验的人们，要坚定持守你对耶稣基督的信仰，相信圣经，拒绝疫苗和兽印。这是从耶稣而来的强烈警告！而且我已经得到了多个印证，我非常清楚，他们要对我们做什么！\n请将此警告，尽可能多地传播出去！愿神祝福你！\n——-\n在此影片下方有說明\n內容如下：\n（可自行用網路翻譯下文）\n\nID2020\nhttps://id2020.org/alliance\n\nhttps://www.nowtheendbegins.com/big-pharma-microsoft-silicon-valley-id2020-alliance-combine-vaccinations-with-implantable-microchip-digital-id-mark-beast-end-times/\n\nVACCINE plus MICROCHIP\nhttps://principia-scientific.org/id2020-alliance-will-combine-vaccinations-implantable-id-microchips/\n\nUS COMPANIES RACE TO TEST CORONA VIRUS VACCINE\nhttps://www.cnn.com/2020/02/27/investing/coronavirus-vaccine/index.html\n\nUS VACCINE TRIALS\nhttps://www.cnbc.com/amp/2020/02/25/us-health-officials-say-human-trials-on-coronavirus-vaccine-to-start-in-6-weeks.html\n"],["id","2ova5eb307l8a"],["createdAt","2020-02-29T17:32:42.298Z"]]}],["reply",{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["id","fmI82G8Bd3n3h-WY3-mA"],["user",{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["id","AVqVwjqQyrDaTqlmmp_a"],["name","MrOrz"],["avatarUrl","https://avatars2.githubusercontent.com/u/108608?s=100"],["level",18]]}],["type","OPINIONATED"],["text","這是反疫苗的陰謀論。\n\n古彥男醫師以古今中外案例表示，當疫苗接種率過低，會造成 (1) 傳染病爆發、 (2) 疫苗預算下修而導致藥廠不賣、疫苗短缺、(3) 增加病毒變異機會、(4) 醫療需求壓垮醫療系統。因此，不接種疫苗不只是影響個人，其後果是全國人民共同承擔。\n\n聯合國也譴責這些反疫苗接種的訊息，已經造成了海島國家麻疹的惡化；聯合國兒童基金會表示，這類在推特、臉書、Instagram 等網路平台上的反疫苗言論「極不負責任」。"],["reference","2016/10/25 如果大家都不打疫苗－流感疫情揭露的醜陋真相\nhttp://yennanku.blogspot.com/2016/10/blog-post.html\n\n2019/12/6 聯合國：反疫苗運動助長薩摩亞麻疹疫情惡化\nhttps://www.cna.com.tw/news/aopl/201912060005.aspx"],["hyperlinks",{"__iterable":"List","data":[{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","如果大家都不打疫苗－流感疫情揭露的醜陋真相 | 古彥男醫師｜兒科醫師的分享室"],["url","http://yennanku.blogspot.com/2016/10/blog-post.html"],["summary","作者：古彥男醫師\n\n病毒的全境擴散\n\n2011 年上映的電影『全境擴散』，是身為醫護人員的我看過最寫實也最貼近我們生活的傳染病電影。片中有包括麥特戴蒙、葛妮絲派特蘿、凱特溫絲蕾，以及裘德洛等好萊塢巨星，但電影本身想表達給觀眾的內容，並沒有因為演員的星光熠熠而顯得黯淡（不過評價兩極，很多人覺得劇情過於沉悶而看到睡著）。\n\n故事描述著一種病毒，在蝙蝠跟豬之間交互傳染後產生了變異，對人的傳染力大增，迅速造成了全球的大流行以及節節高升的死亡人數。電影中對於政府官員、醫護人員、平民百姓，以及先進與落後國家的社會，面對來勢洶洶的疫情的各種反應，有深刻的刻劃。\n\n\n其實這部電影主要是根據 2003 年令全球陷入恐慌的 SARS 疫情改編而成，電影中病毒的變異模式與散播途徑，也跟我們熟悉的流感病毒十分相像......\n接種率最低的公費疫苗\n\n\n\n對台灣的民眾來說，我們擁有方便就醫的醫療環境，醫療費用也非常便宜，近幾年來一些原本很昂貴的自費疫苗，也慢慢被列入公費施打的計畫之中（如肺炎鏈球菌疫苗）。然而在眾多高接種率的公費疫苗中，流感疫苗的接種率可說是一枝獨秀的低。\n\n由於流感病毒變異的速度快，每年流行的病毒株都不一樣，世界衛生組織只能預測每一年度可能流行的病毒株，以此製作成疫苗。這樣會產生兩個讓大家不想接種疫苗的原因：一是每年都必須接種，無法注射一兩劑後就有長久的保護力；二是萬一預測錯誤，挨了針最後還是得了流感，許多人在情感上無法接受。\n\n再加上媒體對流感疫苗不良反應個案的重點報導，以及對 2009 年 H1N1 流感疫苗安全性的質疑，導致台灣近幾年的接種率幾乎都是在谷底徘徊。\n\n\n\n\n\n\n根據民國 104 年疾病管制署的統計資料，符合公費疫苗接種的對象，其接種率不到五成，如果放大到全國人口來看，接種率甚至連兩成都不到。當大家因為擔心疫苗的不良反應選擇不接種，且因為短期內沒有重大疫情發生而漸漸忘記傳染病的恐怖時，就在同一年，流感病毒給台灣的民眾與醫療系統帶來了沉重的負擔......\n不接種疫苗的結果－全國人民共同承擔\n\n\n\n\n\n我們可以看到，從 2011 年之後，流感病毒在台灣並沒有造成太重大的疫情。然而這不代表危機不在我們身邊－就在 2015 年 (民國 104 年)，流感病毒讓我們體驗到，傳染病的傳播與爆發，可以在短短的幾個月內，造成重症病例數破千，死亡人數破百！而且根據統計，95% 以上流感重症患者未接種疫苗！\n\n你覺得這只是單一年度或單一疾病的狀況，不代表每一年的疫情或其他傳染病？你覺得等到疫情要升溫了再接種也不遲？還是你覺得自己身強體壯，不怕傳染病侵襲，就算染病了在台灣這種便宜又方便的醫療環境也不怕沒得醫？\n\n讓我來告訴你甚麼是『醜陋的真相』。\n\n真相一：疫苗接種率過低，造成傳染病爆發，中外皆然。\n\n除了上述台灣的流感疫情，歐美國家早發生過更為知名的狀況。 1998 年一位英國醫師發表了一篇論文，內容指出接種三合一疫苗（麻疹、腮腺炎、德國麻疹）會造成小孩自閉症的發生率上升，雖然該論文最後被證實是假造的無稽之談，但仍造成歐美國家興起一股反疫苗運動，三合一疫苗的接種率更是逐年下降。\n\n疫苗接種率過低的結果永遠只有一個：傳染病的爆發。英國從 2000 年開始感染麻疹的人數逐漸上升，到現在仍是麻疹流行地區；美國曾經在 2000 年宣布麻疹病毒已在其境內絕跡，結果在 2014~2015 年加州爆發大流行。\n\n那你說台灣安全嗎？如果你的小孩有接種疫苗，那大可放心，但如果沒有怎麼辦？那就不要出國、不要去機場、不要坐高鐵、不要坐捷運、不要......\n\n\n真相二：你不打疫苗，政府下修預算，藥廠寧願不賣。\n\n由於疫苗這種生物製劑，在運輸及保存上的要求相當高，也有一定的保存期限，此外如流感疫苗，其內含的病毒株每年不一樣，今年的疫苗無法留到隔年再使用。當政府買得太多會增加運輸及保存的成本，用不完而過期的疫苗更是浪費已經捉襟見肘的疫苗預算。\n\n因此衛服部疾管署會根據各種公費疫苗施打的比率，以及未來需要接種的人口數，來編列預算。當施打人數下降時，預算金額就可能會下修，如果剛好遇到購買數量下降而需求又突然暴增，就會發生有人打不到疫苗的狀況（2015 年流感疫情爆發後，一直到隔年三月都還有家屬帶小孩來打早就用完的疫苗）。\n\n再來是台灣的市場跟歐美等大國比已經很小了，如果政府購買的數量一直在減少，我們又拿不出有力的購買價格跟別人競爭，最後就是落得疫苗搶輸人家，以及民眾有錢也打不到疫苗的後果。真相三：疫情升溫，病毒快速變異，補打疫苗也沒效。\n\n流感疫苗之所以每年都要接種才有效，就是因為流感病毒非常容易產生變異，讓我們的免疫系統無法在感染過後，或是接種一次疫苗後就能提供終身的保護力。\n\n病毒的變異從哪裡來？一個方式是當病毒在宿主體內大量複製時，本身的基因發生突變，另一個則是當同一個宿主（可以是人、豬、或是禽鳥類），體內有兩種以上的流感病毒時，不同的病毒間會互換基因，重組出一個新的病毒（如 2009 年的 H1N1）。這樣的變異都可以使我們的免疫系統與疫苗失效，造成大流行。\n\n因此當疫情升溫了，代表病毒在大量的傳播與複製，大大的增加了變異的機會，一旦產生變異，就算補打了本來有效的疫苗，也擋不住已經變身的病毒。所以先接種疫苗預防感染，不給病毒有大流行且變異的機會，才是最好的防治策略。真相四：醫療系統早已負擔沉重，疫情爆發醫院一床難求。\n\n當很多人因為健保的福利，以為醫療本來就是這麼便宜與便利時，台灣的醫療系統早就因為政策問題以及民眾的就醫習慣而負擔沉重，一旦因天災人禍或是傳染病流行，在短時間內造成大量的醫療需求，往往成為壓倒駱駝的最後一根稻草。\n\n從過去的八仙塵爆，以及流感疫情的爆發，各大醫學中心急診及加護病房都被塞爆，有的醫院兩度關閉急診，有的醫學中心重症病人多到連救命的葉克膜都不夠用，急診等住院病床的人數節節高升，醫護人員跟病人都叫苦連天。\n\n然而政府相關單位不僅連政策的調整不夠迅速，連對疫情的嚴重度還有醫療資源的分配都掌握不住，你還認為台灣的醫療在你生病的時候真能萬無一失？\n疫苗並不完美，但仍是預防疾病的有效方法\n\n我們知道有打疫苗不是每個人都會產生可以對抗疾病的抗體，我們也知道沒有疫苗可以百分之百不會有不良反應，然而疫苗從問世以來，也被證實是可以有效預防疾病，挽救許多生命的重要方法。當不良反應造成的損失大於預防疾病的利益時，這種疫苗就會被停止施打或是根本不會上市。\n\n在我們的社會中有許多人可能因為年紀太小、對疫苗有過敏反應、或是有其他禁忌症無法藉由接種疫苗獲得對疾病的保護力，他們也常常是傳染病造成重症的高風險群。如果我們接種疫苗的比率夠高，不僅獲得保護自己的抗體，同時也因為疾病不容易傳播而可以間接保護到這些容易被感染的族群。\n\n今年的公費流感疫苗已經開始施打，請問『你』會怎麼選擇呢？"],["topImageUrl","https://3.bp.blogspot.com/-DYZ77tZgdWE/WAJSVTbVolI/AAAAAAAABnY/Q5S7SQ1Dz_Ahnkupi8xzzdP1bFvqbPuJQCLcB/w1200-h630-p-k-no-nu/vaccinedeniedtitlepicture.jpg"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","聯合國：反疫苗運動助長薩摩亞麻疹疫情惡化 | 國際 | 中央社 CNA"],["url","https://www.cna.com.tw/news/aopl/201912060005.aspx"],["summary","（中央社威靈頓5日綜合外電報導）聯合國兒童基金會（UNICEF）太平洋島嶼負責人今天表示，社群媒體巨頭必須嚴厲取締反疫苗接種貼文，這些貼文助長薩摩亞（Samoa）致命麻疹疫情惡化。UNICEF地區代表耶特（Sheldon Yett）表示，推特（Twitter）、臉書（Facebook）和Instagram（IG）等網路平台上「極不負責任」的反疫苗接種訊息，加劇了薩摩亞爆發的麻疹疫情，自10月中旬以來已造成62人死亡。耶特告訴法新社：「很明顯地它們必需負起企業責任並展開行動，確保那些人民，特別是弱勢族群能獲得正確資訊，讓孩童得以存活。」在麻疹疫情爆發前，薩摩亞的疫苗接種率降至只剩略超過30%，遠低於公認最佳接種率90%，這也使得該海島國家極易受到感染。世界衛生組織（WHO）把矛頭指向反疫苗宣傳運動。耶特表示，這項運動主要是由海外倡議人士在網路上展開。「很不幸的是，這項運動在薩摩亞找到願意相信的民眾，那裡有一部分人懷疑醫療保健服務品質，且可能不信任當地（疫苗）供應者。」他說，來自諸如美國和澳洲等富裕已開發國家的運動人士，在網路上張貼反疫苗訊息，他們必須意識到自己的所作所為會對開發中國家帶來衝擊。他在薩摩亞首都阿庇亞（Apia）表示：「這對薩摩亞孩童來說可能形同死刑，因為當地除了低疫苗接種率，可能還面臨其他健康問題。」（實習編譯：趙珮宇/核稿：劉學源）1081205"],["topImageUrl","https://imgcdn.cna.com.tw/www/website/img/pic_fb.jpg"],["error",null]]}]}],["createdAt","2020-03-01T09:07:27.741Z"]]}]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["article",{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["replyCount",1],["references",{"__iterable":"List","data":[{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["type","LINE"]]}]}],["replyRequestCount",2],["user",null],["hyperlinks",{"__iterable":"List","data":[{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","Edward M. Mautner Oral History"],["url","http://www.jsc.nasa.gov/history/oral_histories/NASA_HQ/Experts/MautnerEM/MautnerEM_3-22-12.htm"],["summary","NASA Johnson Space Center \n Oral History Project\n Edited Oral History Transcript\n Edward \n M. Mautner\n Interviewed by Jennifer Ross-Nazzal\n Chantilly, Virginia – 22 March 2012\n Ross-Nazzal: \n Today is March 22, 2012. This interview with Ed Mautner is being conducted \n at the [Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum] Steven Udvar-Hazy \n Center in Chantilly, Virginia, for the JSC Oral History Project. Interviewer \n is Jennifer Ross-Nazzal, assisted by Rebecca Wright. Thanks again \n for taking time out of your schedule.\n Mautner: \n You’re welcome, it’s my pleasure to do it.\n Ross-Nazzal: \n If you would, tell us about the state of [OV (orbiter vehicle)-101] \n Enterprise in 2003 before she was restored.\n Mautner: \n My familiarity with Enterprise was quite limited before I began work \n on it. When we received it, it had been stored both outdoors and in \n a non-climate-controlled hangar since the mid-80s, and a lot of deterioration \n of the surface coatings—the paint, the markings—had taken \n place. Woodpeckers had gotten up onto the vertical stabilizer and \n pecked a lot of holes into the polyurethane foam that they used as \n a mockup for tiles. I don’t recall the number of holes, but \n there were quite a few of them. \n And then just about every form of creature had made the Enterprise \n their habitat and playground. Birds had gotten into it; bugs had gotten \n into it. Hornets or wasps had made their little mud nests in the landing \n gear wells. They made it out of this beautiful red Virginia clay dirt \n that surrounds the area. In fact, when we started to clean them it \n almost seemed as if the aircraft was bleeding, the soil they made \n those nests out of was so red.\n It had basically suffered a lot of inattention. It hadn’t been \n cleaned or worked on to any great degree. I believe it was outside \n for about two years prior to them building the hangar for it, and \n it had been rained on. There were many ports of entries for water, \n and so water had pooled inside the bottom of the fuselage and it had \n left a lot of staining from dirt, waterlines, etc. and also had caused \n some minor pitting and corrosion. Nothing that would weaken the structure \n of the aircraft but certainly had caused some deterioration.\n Ross-Nazzal: \n Tell us about that move, when you decided to move her from that hangar \n into this facility.\n Mautner: \n Until I walked in March 1st of 2004, I had never touched Enterprise \n and I had really nothing to do with it. I recall being in the hangar \n the day they moved it in, and just about all the employees who were \n out here took a break to watch them tug it down the tow way from the \n airport and into the building.\n What was noteworthy at the time was that they had cut a notch in the \n back wall of the space hangar in order to permit the vertical [stabilizer] \n to come through. It was the only way to get Enterprise into that building \n without taking the vertical off, which would have been a prohibitively \n difficult task. I came back the next day and the blanking plate had \n been restored as if the building had never changed at all, so that \n was pretty neat. It was a well-prepared move.\n That took place in the early fall of 2003, and while I was aware that \n it was in the building, it was sometime after January 2004 that I \n was notified that I would be working on it in preparation for the \n opening of the space hall [James S. McDonnell Space Hangar].\n Ross-Nazzal: \n What was your expertise prior to working on Enterprise? Were you working \n on aircraft restoration?\n Mautner: \n My background is—the British would describe it as checkered. \n I did a whole lot of things before I got directly involved in airplanes. \n I started out as a kid building model airplanes, and I never gave \n that up. I always built model airplanes, and I continue to do so. \n And I was always a museum rat, an airplane museum rat. Whenever we \n traveled, wherever we went, there was always a stop at an airplane \n museum somewhere.\n Somewhere around the late 80s, my wife and I had moved our children \n to southern California, and I began to volunteer in some aircraft \n museums out there. Planes of Fame in [Air Museum] Chino, and later \n at the Command Museum at U.S. Marine Corps Air Station El Toro, which \n was right in the town I lived in so it was convenient to work there. \n I started doing structures work.\n In January of 1989 I left a former career and made a great midlife \n career change whereby I wanted to work in an aircraft museum. I had \n enjoyed volunteering on Saturdays so much, I went to Cal [California] \n State University, San Bernardino, for a Museum Studies certificate \n program. My background was in auto mechanics, and I needed to create \n a resume to get into working on aircraft, especially in museums. I \n enjoyed it immensely but had a problem with the hours of class.\n By great good fortune, McDonnell Douglas [Corporation] was hiring \n mechanics in the summer of 1989. Actually they’d been hiring \n prior to that, but that’s when I found out. I went and I applied, \n and they hired me immediately because of my automotive experience. \n I became a structures mechanic on the C-17 [aircraft] program in Long \n Beach, California. That was my first real hands-on experience with \n real aircraft manufacturing.\n I worked at McDonnell Douglas from August of 1989 until June of 1994, \n when there were massive layoffs. They were losing their contracts \n for MD-80s [airliners], and the MD-11 [airliner] never took off. The \n C-17 was in a state of flux because Congress and the Air Force were \n at loggerheads, so I and tens of thousands of others were laid off \n during that year.\n Meanwhile I had gone from my certificate program at Cal State, San \n Bernardino, to a Master’s program at Cal State, Dominguez Hills \n in Historic Preservation. Because John [F.] McDonnell of the McDonnell \n Douglas Corporation was interested in an educated workforce, they \n paid for almost all of my Master’s program, everything but my \n research courses and my thesis. \n I had early on decided that my thesis was going to be in aircraft \n preservation at the National Air and Space Museum. I thought that \n they were the best. They were the ones that were writing about aircraft \n preservation, and I really wanted to write about how they did it, \n because that seemed to be the benchmark.\n In June of 1994 I was laid off, and I immediately contacted the museum \n to do an internship back here so that I could do further research \n for my thesis. In August and September of ’94 I did a 60-day \n volunteer internship. I was outside of their regular program, so there \n was no stipend; I just came in and volunteered. I worked in the restoration \n shop during the day until about 3:30 [p.m.]. I’d then go across \n the river, downtown to the main museum and I would work in the archives.\n The people in the archives—I don’t know why, I was a total \n stranger to them—they let me stay after hours. In fact, at five \n o’clock when they left, they issued me instructions on what \n lights to turn off and how to shut down the computers. I would stay \n there till 8:30 so I’d get all my research. I had one other \n paper and I had my thesis to do, so I spent almost every weekday night \n at the museum doing that.\n They said, “Stay in touch; we’re going to be hiring.” \n The hiring was going to ramp up for this facility, this new Udvar-Hazy \n Center, so I stayed in touch. Every month I contacted somebody associated \n with the restoration facility, and finally in 1997 they said, “Something’s \n going to happen. Get back here; be nearby.” So I stayed with \n relatives and I hung out and I volunteered, and finally in February \n of 1998 they hired me. They did it because I had the academic background, \n but I also had, from McDonnell Douglas and my volunteer efforts, the \n mechanical background as well. I was very fortunate that the timing \n worked out. \n My background is chiefly in aircraft structures, which would be the \n main metal pieces that form the basis of the aircraft upon which everything \n else is hung. After I get through with my work, then the hydraulics \n people and the fuel people and the electrical people and the power \n plant people take over.\n Ross-Nazzal: \n What sort of planes have you worked on since you began working here?\n Mautner: \n The first one that I started working on was a Japanese single-engine \n floatplane bomber, [the Aichi M6A1 Seiran]. It looks more like a fighter \n with floats, but it was in fact a strategic bomber that the Japanese \n designed to fold up into an 11-foot diameter circle and fit into the \n tube on a submarine. This submarine was an aircraft carrier, literally, \n and it carried three of these. Very significant aircraft, because \n it was designed to bomb the Panama Canal locks. \n The submarine was probably more technologically advanced than the \n aircraft. It was designed to go 27,000 miles without refueling, and \n they actually did have plans to use these small bombers to bomb New \n York [City, New York] and possibly even Boston [Massachusetts]. It \n was a metal airplane, and my sheet metal experience came to good use \n there. \n After that, they put me on a World War I bomber, a twin-engine fabric-and-wood \n bomber. That airplane was a Caudron G.4, a French bomber that the \n United States tested but never purchased. Because we had no combat \n aircraft in World War I, we had to go to the French and the British \n and the Italians. That was an excellent experience because that broadened \n out my sheet metal and structures experience to wood and fabric. That \n airplane is also currently on display here.\n The next aircraft is one I’m still working on. We have a limited \n number of people here, so we get shifted off of whatever project we’re \n on to take care of other things in the museum, such as creating a \n display or working on the Enterprise for nine months in 2004. From \n about 2000 until this year, I’m still working on a World War \n II German night fighter, the Heinkel 219, a huge metal twin-engine \n aircraft, where again my airframe and sheet metal experience has come \n into use.\n Ross-Nazzal: \n Tell us what lessons you learned from working on those aircraft that \n you applied to the Enterprise.\n Mautner: \n In my case, precious few. It was a great departure from what we call \n restoration, where you actually have to fabricate or replicate or \n repair structural pieces of an aircraft. This was largely a massive \n clean-up and painting effort, so it falls under the role of preservation. \n That’s really our role here, preservation. Everybody talks about \n restoration, but restoration is the court of last resort when everything \n has pretty much gone to pot and needs to be drastically repaired or \n replaced.\n What we did on Enterprise fell under the heading of preservation, \n but we called it a refurbishment because we didn’t do anything \n to repair it. It was still considered to be NASA’s aircraft, \n and it came to us in such good structural condition that there really \n was nothing to repair on it except for the paint work.\n Ross-Nazzal: \n Would you tell us about working with NASA and USA [United Space Alliance] \n on this project? I understand they were involved.\n Mautner: \n Yes, they were. When we first began on March 1, 2004, we were pretty \n much on our own. There were just three of us: myself, Anne [C.] McCombs, \n and Steve Kautner. We walked into this big empty hangar. The only \n thing that was in it at the time was Enterprise, and it didn’t \n even have a barrier around it because the public wasn’t allowed \n in that building yet. We just kind of stood there and wondered, “Where \n the heck are we going to start on this thing?” \n We had no high-lift equipment—all we had access to were ladders—so \n we decided to start working on the landing gear. We had no contact \n with NASA outside of certain parameters that they gave us in cleaning \n and painting it, that we were given by the curator, Valerie Neal. \n Without anything else but ourselves, we began the cleaning process \n at the lowest part of the Space Shuttle, areas that were accessible \n initially to us.\n Our experience with NASA and USA came a little bit later, and [their] \n big project was the removal of all of the cockpit windscreens, the \n front ones. I believe that there were three panels in them, and there \n were some engineering discussions as to whether they could get away \n with just two panels. The challenge for us was to provide them with \n the platforms to get up there and work off of. \n Anne and I were involved, and at that point we had a lot of mechanics \n from United Airlines [Inc.] come in to assist us. Their bosses permitted \n them to give us some high-lift platforms that were attached to trucks. \n We could maneuver a truck in and then raise a platform and extend \n it out over the nose of Enterprise in order for the USA guys to remove \n those windshields. The other problem was these windscreens were very, \n very heavy. They required quite a bit of effort to crane off of the \n Shuttle.\n At that point, I began to get to meet some of the guys, most specifically \n from USA. One of them was a fellow named Tom [Thomas W.] Roberts, \n and Tom’s my friend now. He was back here for the last visit. \n There were several other mechanics that came up from KSC [NASA Kennedy \n Space Center, Florida] who I would count as really good acquaintances, \n friends, who we worked with. Got to meet Kevin [C.] Templin. He was \n always there, very personable fellow, and always a go-to guy for information \n and leadership. \n Whenever they came back, we dropped what we were doing and became \n assistants to them, to the point where in this last visit we were \n almost considered more one of their group than as a separate entity, \n which was kind of neat. The things I saw from everybody in NASA and \n USA was enthusiasm, expertise, positive attitude, and great great \n teamwork. The first thing we noticed is how well they worked as a \n team. \n Many times we didn’t know that these guys had never worked together \n before, and yet it was a seamless effort. You got to talking to them, \n you got to know them, and you realized, this guy never worked on the \n back end of the aircraft. He always worked on the front and didn’t \n even know the guys that they were working with. That was inspiring \n to us to see that kind of effort that they used to put in.\n Some of my recollection of my efforts with NASA and USA get a little \n bit confused, because some of their efforts were during that nine-month \n period when we worked on preparing Enterprise for the opening of the \n space hangar, but several of them came later. They would ask Anne \n or myself or others from the previous team to come back and assist \n them. I believe that the windshield effort was made during that nine \n months we were there, but our other efforts with them came later, \n so they’d be outside the parameters of my work on the Enterprise.\n Ross-Nazzal: \n I also read that you had to replace the OMS [orbital maneuvering system] \n pods because they had rotted.\n Mautner: \n Yes, we did. One of the first things we did was to remove those. Tony \n [Anthony W.] Carp was the team lead for the lifting of the OMS pods. \n They were a large aluminum plate that mated up to the surface of the \n Shuttle, but everything above that aluminum plate was basically wood. \n Plywood flooring, then 2 x 4 and 4 x 4 framework, and then they put \n a fiberglass cover over the top of that.\n We discovered how weak the structure was when we started to tighten \n up the fittings for the lifting rings. We’d gotten a guy inside \n to tighten the nuts up inside because they seemed loose, and he kept \n tightening and tightening and tightening. We suddenly realized that \n wood was so soft from moisture that he was just tightening the nut \n and the washer right into the wood. We had to be very, very careful \n lifting those OMS pods off.\n The OMS pods were never planned to be on the Shuttle when the space \n hall opened. That was something that we were going to install later, \n so our job now was to focus just on the Shuttle, and guys back in \n the shop worked on the OMS pods.\n Ross-Nazzal: \n Are they on there now, have they been replaced?\n Mautner: \n They were put on I think in 2005, 2006 time range, and before the \n last visit to get Enterprise ready we removed them. They’re \n out in the shop, on the floor. The guys from USA put the ALTA [Approach \n and Landing Test Article] pods on. Those are the travel pods. They \n look like OMS pods, but they’re real metal. They’re real \n structural, flightworthy, and the tail cone fits up to those components.\n Ross-Nazzal: \n Tell us about cleaning and painting the vehicle. That sounded like \n a very large chore.\n Mautner: \n Yes, it really was. I started on March 1st to clean the right main \n landing gear bay and ultimately the landing gear and tires. Steve \n Kautner took the left bay and did the same, and Anne McCombs worked \n on the nose gear and the nose gear bay. It wasn’t until March \n 22nd that Tony [Carp] came on the team, and his job was to clean the \n entire vertical surface with the ultimate purpose of coring or filling \n the holes that the woodpeckers had made.\n Somebody might at this point ask, why would woodpeckers go after polyurethane \n foam? The explanation we got—I’m not an ornithologist—is \n that woodpeckers make the noise they do as a mating call, not just \n to get to bugs inside of the tree. Once they got through that polyurethane \n foam, they were banging on an aluminum surface. It made quite a noise, \n and it was far-reaching. There were about 75 holes ranging from very \n small, smaller than your pinky, to much bigger than your thumb. \n We were using, on NASA’s recommendation, Amway LOC [liquid organic \n cleaner] cut, one part LOC to ten parts water, to wash everything. \n It’s a mild organic detergent, and it’s biodegradable. \n This was what USA used, so this was what we used. And this is where, \n in the wheel wells, I found most of the hornet nests. Once you got \n the water into them they just started running down the beautiful epoxy \n white paint panels inside.\n At that point, once Steve had finished his wheel well, he started \n working on the bottom. He started up at the nose where he could reach, \n because you couldn’t get a ladder under there. He’s all \n scrunched up, just scrubbing away—and he was a bear of a guy. \n He had a lot of strength, and he just kept working down the bottom \n of the aircraft, all of the black-painted area of the aircraft. \n At that point we started using some lift equipment, JLG [Industries, \n Inc.] lifts and scissor lifts, to get up on the wing. We began cleaning \n the wing while Tony is cleaning the vertical, and we did this day \n after day after day. Then sometime in the summer, I believe in July, \n we began prepping the center fuselage for paint. The center fuselage \n does not have polyurethane foam on it, and that center fuselage extends \n from just behind the cockpit to back underneath the OMS pods. We also \n had to clean the payload bay doors. At this point we finally were \n able to get scaffolding in. We had a local company contracted to put \n scaffolding all up the sides and then bridge the top of the Shuttle. \n \n This is where things kind of got interesting. Initially it was doing \n just a lot of sanding on the side. Apparently the aircraft had been \n painted with aerospace quality polyurethane or epoxy paint and primer, \n but when it went on tour in 1984 it had started to look a little bit \n secondhand. They used a latex house paint to give it a quick repaint \n to make it appear better at the [New Orleans, Louisiana] World’s \n Fair here in the United States, and then they went to the Paris Air \n Show with it. This was all prior to delivering it to us.\n This paint over the years had become very brittle and very hard and \n would be quite a challenge to remove. Taking it off the sides was \n pretty easy. We were able to use electric sanders or pneumatic sanding \n devices, hand-held devices, and literally sand all of that down to \n the original paint. The sanding gave the surface a real good surface \n for paint to adhere to once we finished it and cleaned it up, but \n the real challenge came with the payload bay doors. We were instructed \n by NASA to not use any metal tools, any caustic chemicals, or any \n abrasives to remove the paint.\n We got up there, and they thought it would be really easy because \n a lot of the paint on the payload bay doors had flaked off, and some \n of it was literally sitting up. They said, “Just use duct tape \n and press it down real hard and pull it off, and that paint will pull \n up.” Well, that didn’t work at all. \n All of our communications with them were through Valerie Neal, the \n curator. The other thing we weren’t supposed to use was heat, \n so we went to Valerie and said, “The duct tape just isn’t \n cutting it.” They said, “Use plexiglas scrapers.” \n Plexiglas is a real hard plastic. We would cut up sections of it, \n rectangles of it, and then make a sharp edge at one end with a grinding \n wheel. That wasn’t cutting it either.\n One day I’m sitting on the scaffolding, trying to get this stuff \n off, and I see to my left this movement from about chest height over \n the curvature of the door. I look over, and it’s Steve Kautner \n with a metal scraper and a heat gun. I’m going, “Steve, \n what are you doing?” He goes, “This is the only way it’s \n coming off.” I said, “Okay, stop. Let’s talk about \n this.” \n We went back to our conservator, and I asked him, “Do you have \n a surface temperature gauge?” We went back and attached this \n temperature surface gauge to the area that we were putting the heat \n on, and we got some heat parameters. We were getting heat in the range \n of about 175 degrees [Fahrenheit] if we kept the heat gun moving, \n so we went back to NASA and they said, “Okay, you can do that, \n but no temperatures over 200,” or 250.\n All of a sudden this became easy, but we now found out very quickly \n why they didn’t want heat up there. The doors are made of carbon \n graphite, or carbon–carbon. It’s skinned with an almost \n aluminum-foil thickness coating of aluminum. It’s not like sheet \n metal, it’s more like a foil, and if you left the heat on there \n too much it would blister. We got a couple of thumb-sized blisters; \n we damaged the door. This concerned us, and we kept talking to each \n other. We’d just make sure we’d keep that heat gun moving \n and don’t overheat one spot.\n It became very evident very quickly why they didn’t want heat \n up there. They had done the same thing at some time in the past, only \n their blisters were much bigger than ours. That told us a) it’s \n been done this way before, and b) there’s a repair for it. We \n did make a few more blisters, an inevitable result of what we were \n doing, but we knew that if they needed those doors, they could be \n made flightworthy. \n Then, because there was still a lot of paint residue clinging to the \n surface, we got down and used acetone. We were all garbed up with \n double-canister air masks. There’s terrific pictures of us all \n down on our hands and knees on the door, all tied off because we’re \n high up on the top of the Shuttle, scrubbing with Scotch-Brite scrubbers \n and acetone to get the surface completely clean and ready for paint.\n That was another thing they told us, “You can’t stand \n on the doors.” So we had these four bridges across, and we’re \n all leaning off these bridges and working off of them. Again, Steve \n Kautner’s the first one to step off right on the doors. There’s \n no other way to get out there, there was no way. I said, “Okay, \n stop. Let’s talk this over.” We went down inside the Shuttle, \n and we looked up at the doors and we could see the latching system. \n \n We knew that those doors in zero gravity could open without any support, \n but we knew that they had big supports on them when they opened them \n in the hangar down in KSC. We looked at those supports, and we looked \n at how the doors fit together. It’s built like a bridge as long \n as they’re closed and locked, so four, five, six of us all were \n out on our hands and knees on the doors, scrubbing away to get the \n last residue and make a really good surface for paint.\n That brings up another aspect for me. I couldn’t wait every \n single day to come in. I’m not a space guy, I’m an airplane \n guy. In truth, the Shuttle is probably more like an aircraft than \n a spacecraft, and that one [Enterprise] never did go into space so \n it really was just an aircraft. I never followed space, I never got \n excited about it, but I got excited by this project. I couldn’t \n wait to get in every single day. Every day was interesting and exciting, \n and we were making progress—slow—but we were making progress. \n \n When they put the scaffolding up in July, we now had to climb this \n scaffolding. We had our harnesses on and we had our tethers, but we \n couldn’t tether off anywhere on the way up. We’re climbing \n 30, 35, almost 40 feet in the air every morning, every break time, \n every time you had to leave, and then when we got up there we would \n tie off and secure ourselves. But that little element of danger made \n it exciting, and we talked about that a lot too.\n We had two injuries, but only one on Enterprise. One of our guys did \n abrade his hand, but working on something else while we were out there, \n nothing to do with the Shuttle. One injury, very minor, on the Shuttle. \n One of our members fell off the payload bay doors, but he was tethered \n and it stopped him, and all he did was bang up his knee. I think we \n lost him one day, but that was it. The fact that we talked almost \n every day about the safety issue, that he was tethered off—we \n didn’t have more issues. \n The other thing that made it interesting and fun is that we were on \n this huge, very obvious artifact in the middle of this totally empty \n hall, and the public could come in to the front of the hall—there’s \n an overlook up above—and watch us. I think the element of being \n on stage made it exciting and interesting, too.\n There were some stresses. We always seemed short of personnel. At \n one point I realized there were a whole bunch of guys working on the \n OMS pods, and I had to convince my management that the OMS pods aren’t \n needed by October 19th, but the Shuttle is, so can I have more guys? \n And I got more guys.\n Once we had sanded down the sides and had removed the paint from the \n doors, it was time for a final prep and primer and paint. We had four \n guys do that, and we had a couple of issues that we had to deal with. \n One, it had to be an aerospace quality paint. PPG, Pittsburgh Paint \n and Glass, has always supplied us with our paint system that we’ve \n used exclusively for 20 years back at the [Paul E.] Garber [Preservation, \n Restoration, and Storage Facility, Suitland, Maryland], our restoration \n shop. Dave Wilson got in touch with them, and they turned him over \n to their aerospace division. They donated what amounted to about $15,000 \n worth of white polyurethane aerospace paint and primer.\n Our next challenge was we could not spray in the building because \n the building had an open port, and some of the ventilation systems \n functioned with the aircraft hangar. Also, the filters in the ventilation \n system would get clogged up with any paint residue and dust, so we \n had to either brush or roll it. Dave talked with the people from PPG, \n and they had an additive that allowed the paint to flow so that it \n would not appear to be rolled-out paint. It wouldn’t be textured, \n it would be nice and smooth.\n We got the paint on September 17th—keeping in mind that this \n hall is supposed to open on October 19th of 2004. They had to rest \n assured that all the fumes would have dissipated by 10 o’clock \n opening the next day, so we painted at night. It was Tony, Dave, myself, \n and a fellow by the name of Bob Weihrauch who did it. We would come \n in, and that hall was completely black except for the Klieg lights \n that we worked under. We rolled out the primer, and then we rolled \n out the white. [We rolled out two coats of primer and two coats of \n white.]\n I love working here at night because there’s no people here, \n the lighting is all dim, and it’s like going into a great cathedral \n at night when nobody’s around. It’s just beautiful. It’s \n quiet. You’ve got all these objects that you love, many of which \n you’ve worked on, and there’s just a neat thing about \n working here at night. We had a really good time. We had a really \n good crew. I don’t recollect ever having any arguments or disagreements \n or problems, we just really had a good time.\n One outstanding recollection is this facility is used by organizations—police \n organizations, FBI [Federal Bureau of Investigation], the MWAA, Metropolitan \n Washington Airport Authority. They have their own SWAT [special weapons \n and tactics] team and security forces. They do a lot of work in here \n at night, but we didn’t know that. One night three of us are \n up on this scaffolding, and Dave Wilson is on a scissor lift bringing \n paint up to us, and all the sudden there’s movement in the hangar. \n \n Keep in mind that outside of this cone of light that we’re in, \n everything’s dark out there, but there’s movement. We \n look down, and there’s 20 or 30 guys in black helmets, black \n outfits carrying guns, and they’re swarming like ants through \n our hangar. Well, I immediately was not concerned because none of \n them are looking at us or pointing the gun at us. We’re in white \n bunny suits, paper coveralls, and the Klieg lights are on us. We’re \n out there, very obvious.\n One guy kind of moved up to Dave, and he goes, “Have you seen \n her?” And Dave goes, “Seen who?” He goes, “Have \n you seen her?” and then he had to move, because you’re \n not supposed to look for hints. Apparently they were on an exercise, \n and one of their supervisors came in two hours ahead of time and hid \n herself somewhere in the museum, and they had to find her. Nobody \n told us; our security had not advised us that this was going to happen. \n \n Another time, during the day, I was working on the Shuttle and nobody \n else was around. Security came up to me and said, “We have a \n congressman or a senator here with his daughter back from college, \n and he’s got his office manager and his security detail. Would \n you come down and talk to them?” So I walk inside of this circle \n of Secret Service people, and they’ve got their radios and they \n all look very, very official, and I started to talk to them. I said, \n “What state do you represent, sir?” He goes, “Oh, \n one of your neighbors.” Meanwhile, his handler, his office guy, \n did all the talking. \n I went back that night and I looked all over the Internet for our \n neighboring senators and congressmen, and I did not find him—because \n you can get the photos of all of them. I went back to security the \n next day and I said, “What was that all about?” He says, \n “Oh, it’s just a test.” It was Secret Service in \n a practice run, and these guys were just members of the Secret Service \n that were playing a role to make it seem realistic. There are a lot \n of activities that go on here that are very interesting. But again, \n I was not forewarned of that. \n The other two events that were really interesting—Joe [H.] Engle, \n one of the test pilots for Enterprise, came back and spent a day with \n us. He is just a prince of a guy, just a super guy. We got to tour \n him around and show him what we were doing, and he was just the friendliest \n guy and was very very grateful to us restoring “his” bird \n back to its original condition. A couple weeks later, we all got an \n 8 x 10 of him standing by Enterprise out at Palmdale [California] \n back in’77, ’78, with a beautiful handwritten note and \n one of the original patches from his missions. It was just neat, a \n neat thing. \n The other very very interesting visitor to us was Colonel Pamela Ann \n Melroy. She’s a two mission pilot and one mission command pilot \n [commander]. She was also on the Columbia [STS-107 accident] investigation \n team, and she led the cockpit reconstruction area. My recollection, \n she was about five-foot-five, five-foot-six. I immediately made a \n connection, because she was a test pilot on the C-17 program. As I \n had worked on it, we had some things to talk about. \n I got to tour her around, and the thing I recollect so well is that \n she made a comment when we were in the cockpit. The cockpit of Enterprise \n is for the most part empty. The dashboard is there, but there’s \n only about three instruments, and they’re all old analog instruments. \n The seats are not there. She looked at that dashboard and marveled \n at the fact that it was the first time she’d seen one in a long \n time that wasn’t bits and pieces, because she had been looking \n and reviewing and trying to reassemble pieces of Columbia’s \n instrument panel.\n This diminutive colonel in the Air Force—always at the end the \n photographer comes in and takes a picture of us with the VIP [very \n important person]. Anne and I were there at that time, and we’re \n all standing off to the side, a foot away or something. She says, \n “Hey, we’ve been together all day. Come here!” She \n pulled us in right next to her to take the picture. We also got an \n 8x10 from her, signed, with a thank you and mission patches. Those \n are two of my favorite treasures from that whole time there. \n Ross-Nazzal: \n Nice recollections of that time period. \n Mautner: \n Yes, it really was. We got it done. Everything seemed late—getting \n personnel, the scaffolding came late, the paint came late—but \n we got it done. We got it done on October 18th, and October 19th was \n the day the media and the museum VIPs and everybody showed up to see \n it. It was a moment of pride because it really looked good. \n Tony and I stayed after October 19th. Tony had some more work up on \n the vertical to do, and the one area that we hadn’t really addressed \n was the propulsion bay. I would work in the propulsion bay; he’d \n work up top. We did this at night because the gallery was open to \n the public, so we did a lot of night work from October until we went \n away on Christmas vacation.\n Most of cleanup in the propulsion bay—there was some FOD [Foreign \n Object Debris], there was old hardware. It went back to when it was \n delivered to us. There were some sections of insulating aluminum, \n nuts, bolts, washers, things like that. A lot of water had been back \n there, and the floor panel structure was a huge, thick piece of aluminum \n that they had milled out to look almost like a waffle. The floor looked \n like a large waffle pattern, so there’s all these thousands \n of little pockets that had held water, and I had to clean them.\n We had some nights where we had events, and the events usually allowed \n people to roam into the space hangar, so I would take my knapsack \n and my coffee and my lunch, my snacks, up into the propulsion bay. \n Something you don’t normally do around artifacts, but I didn’t \n think I could come out because of the events they had going on. I’d \n stay up there for eight hours. Well, there’d be a potty break.\n We finished before our Christmas break, and then both of us reported \n back to the Garber Facility the first week in January 2005. It was \n rewarding every day, but they also rewarded our team with the Museum’s \n Peer Award. The [museum] gives two Peer Awards every year, and the \n Enterprise Preservation Team was awarded [one of them] for 2004. It \n was a great experience.\n Ross-Nazzal: \n What are you working on now that Enterprise is getting ready to take \n a new journey in its history to go to the Intrepid [Sea, Air & \n Space Museum in New York City]? Are you working on that?\n Mautner: \n I did work on it. I don’t know what my role will be in April \n when they come back, but the whole month of February I was assigned \n out here, along with Anne and one or two other folks, to escort NASA, \n USA, and some folks from [the] Boeing [Company]. “Escort” \n has a kind of static sound to it. We were essentially here to open \n doors that they couldn’t get into, including getting to the \n restrooms, and we were able to get them discounts in our shop and \n at McDonalds. \n And then pretty soon it was, “Oh my gosh. We don’t have \n this; do you have this tool?” So we’re running for tools. \n Later, as our professional relationship evolved, we were forklifting \n equipment for them. They had forklifts, but we were able to help them \n with that. We had a JLG man lift that we were able to take them and \n some of their equipment up to different places on the Shuttle, and \n also on the tail cone, which they assembled right out here in this \n shop. As to my role when they come back on the 19th, I have not been \n told what that is yet. I hope [I] do, I have some friends I’d \n like to hang out with again.\n Ross-Nazzal: \n Are you preparing in any way to accept [OV-103] Discovery, or are \n you primarily working with the Enterprise?\n Mautner: \n I’m not. My responsibility is to work on this German night fighter. \n We still have a wing to complete. The airframe fuselage is out in \n the museum right here now, but the wing has to be done and a lot of \n other details. Between escort duties and whatnot, I’m working \n on that. We’re told that with everything else that’s going \n on, we’re going to be moving our shop from Maryland out here. \n I don’t know how that’s going to work out with the Discovery–Enterprise \n exchange, that’s yet to be determined.\n Ross-Nazzal: \n It must have been rewarding to receive that from your peers, that’s \n wonderful.\n Mautner: \n Very, yes. I think Valerie Neal, former NASA and our curator, was \n probably instrumental in getting that for us. It was pretty neat.\n Ross-Nazzal: \n Rebecca, did you have any questions for Ed?\n Wright: \n Just one, and I think you might have already answered it. Did you \n ever come back and do anything else with Enterprise?\n Mautner: \n I have once or twice, but it was generally just escort duty. Those \n were times where it was just sit around and wait for whatever the \n folks, predominately USA, needed. I did come back, and we did reinstall \n the OMS pods. That was pretty much the original team again that did \n that, and we brought a couple of other people in to assist because \n you need spotters and tag line holders. \n Wright: \n You mentioned that you would escort for whatever they needed. What \n were the types of things that they would be coming back for?\n Mautner: \n Every time USA came here, they had a lot of supplies. Rather than \n transport them back, they would leave them out and we would store \n them in our barn, which is out in the back corner of the property. \n So the first thing we’d have to do is get their supplies, and \n that ran anywhere from tape to paints to epoxy glues.\n Recently, within the past year, they came back and we took them up \n on a JLG man lift. They did the work, and I would just maneuver it \n around to a position that helped them. Like I said, “escort” \n sounds very static, and sometimes it is, but a lot of times there’s \n a dynamic component, which is the most fun of all. That’s how \n you get to know these guys and get to see what they do.\n Wright: \n Were they doing types of restoration themselves?\n Mautner: \n Yes, about last April they came back to begin the process of making \n Enterprise airworthy. That involved making an assessment of all systems, \n and they also did the [landing gear] retracts. The main job was to \n get the hydraulic system working so they could retract the landing \n gear. Part of our position as escort was to shut down areas of that \n hall to keep the public away, because the machine, what they call \n the mule, fires up the hydraulics system, makes a lot of noise. Also \n there’s part of the retract that there’s noise involved \n as well.\n We did a lot of work stanchioning off. Moving stanchions back, and \n then when it was all done, moving the stanchions closer. We were trying \n to do this juggle between making sure people were safe and USA had \n enough room to work in, and also still keeping the hall open to the \n public. Our whole purpose is to let them get as close to this stuff \n as we can.\n There were a couple of times where, yes, it was pretty static, but \n other times we were pretty involved in helping them. And everything \n back here is secured. You can’t get into the restrooms without \n our badge, so we were escorting to the restrooms. Eventually, and \n especially in this last trip in February where they did the final \n preparation for flight, the security office provided them with badges \n that allowed them to open all the things they had to get into. They \n had the same access employees had. \n I think that speaks of the type of relationship that we’ve always \n felt we had with NASA, that they weren’t an alien organization \n that comes in and invades our space but rather cohorts, colleagues \n that we feel—not exactly one with, our roles are different—but \n certainly very good friends with.\n Wright: \n Is this a very unique exhibit here compared to all the rest? Do you \n have any other kind of associations with other groups that come in \n and work on their planes?\n Mautner: \n No, there’s no other organization that has the relationship \n that NASA has with us. I think that’s historically because we’ve \n been the repository of first choice for NASA, but also because Valerie \n Neal, who came from NASA, has maintained a very, very good relationship \n with all the leadership there. It’s been a very collegial relationship \n from the very beginning. Because of that, your relationship personally \n to these people is much more relaxed, so it’s much much easier \n to make friends. I have a couple buddies that I email once in a while \n back at the Cape [Canaveral, Florida]. It’s a good relationship.\n Ross-Nazzal: \n Any other last thoughts? \n Mautner: \n I think I’ve covered the important aspects of my relationship \n with the Shuttle Enterprise and with the folks from NASA and USA. \n We had a good team. I think it was kind of neat because management \n left us alone; they left us to make a lot of our own decisions. Everybody \n worked with the goal in mind, and we reached the goal. We finished \n Enterprise, it really looks beautiful. It took us nine months to get \n it in the shape that it’s in right now, and I have to say I \n am quite proud of how it came out. \n I do recollect one of the stories that I’ll tell you. When we \n began to strip all the paint off, we traced all of the markings—the \n NASA worm, the “United States” on the side, the “Enterprise” \n itself—so that after we painted it we could restore those. We \n noted and photographed the fact that these had been hand-brushed. \n Somebody had done a stencil, and then they hand-brushed in the black \n color. As we began to strip the aircraft, we realized that there were \n other markings, other NASA worms and another “Enterprise” \n and another “United States” underneath that exterior coat \n of latex house paint. \n We traced those as well, and at that point the curator had to make \n a decision. Are we going to restore it to when it was originally painted \n and lettered, or are we going to paint it as it was presented to us \n in 1985? The decision was made to paint it as it was delivered to \n us. Those letters were all in black, and the letters we found underneath \n were in lighter shades of dark gray. \n At the time that we traced them back on the aircraft, the question \n was asked, “Well, who feels comfortable painting them back on?” \n I mean, none of us are professional sign painters. Out of the five \n of us there, four chose to do it. So what you’ll see out there \n is our hand-lettered letters, and they are letter perfect. They came \n out really, really well. Three employees and one volunteer painted \n them all in. That too raised our level of pride and involvement and \n attachment to the Enterprise. \n I have mixed feelings about it going. On the one hand, it’s \n very important for us to have an orbiter, and Discovery is a much \n more significant vehicle to have in our collection, so I’m happy \n about that. On the other hand, all of our handwork is being sent off \n to somebody else. I’m not going to lose sleep over it, but I \n will think, how are they taking care of it? Is that beautiful paint \n job still squeaky clean and nice, and are all those tiles in good \n condition? So yes, I am concerned to some degree at it going off to \n other hands.\n Ross-Nazzal: \n Any plans to go to New York and see her once she’s in her permanent \n location?\n Mautner: \n No plans at this time, no.\n Wright: \n And will you be working on Discovery when it comes?\n Mautner: \n We’re not going to touch Discovery. This is another aspect that’s \n pretty neat about getting Discovery. The ideal airplane or spacecraft \n to get into our collection is the one that just went on its last mission. \n If we could get a Boeing B-17 [aircraft] that flew a mission from \n England in August or September of 1944, and then was transferred right \n back into our hall out front, that’s the idea. You don’t \n want to touch it. You want to mount it in such fashion that you preserve \n the tires and take any other stresses out of it, but it would be great \n if it had the gunpowder stains and the engine stains and the oil stains \n and the rough-hewn patches that the mechanics put on the planes back \n in those days. \n And that’s how Discovery is coming to us. They haven’t \n cleaned it, outside of taking out the toxic materials in all the tanks \n and systems, so it’s not going to look like Enterprise at all. \n In fact, one of the people from NASA commented that Enterprise looked \n like a toy. I think what she meant was it looked like a model, and \n Discovery looks like a real orbiter. So we’re happy about that.\n Wright: \n Well, thank you.\n Ross-Nazzal: \n Thank you for spending some time with us this morning. We appreciate \n it.\n Mautner: \n You’re very welcome. It’s my pleasure to do it.\n [End \n of interview]\n \n \n Return \n to JSC Oral History Website"],["topImageUrl","https://www.jsc.nasa.gov/history/oral_histories/head_images/sc.gif"],["error",null]]}]}],["text","美國太空總署員工表示，\n他們是使用太空總署建議的\n【安麗 LOC】以「1:10」濃度\n拿來清洗太空梭及所有東西。\n\n這就是表示該產品是【極度安全】的！\n\n這樣，還有什麼安麗產品是需要擔心呢？\n\n\nhttp://www.jsc.nasa.gov/history/oral_histories/NASA_HQ/Experts/MautnerEM/MautnerEM_3-22-12.htm"],["id","5484461227031-rumor"],["createdAt","2017-01-11T01:17:00.000Z"]]}],["reply",{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["id","AV_TT0CjyCdS-nWhujcr"],["user",{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["id","AV_TJNx9yCdS-nWhujbL"],["name","Victor Cheng"],["avatarUrl","https://www.gravatar.com/avatar/b0924f092282f5a2cc895e7f4b4c9cbc?s=100&d=identicon&r=g"],["level",4]]}],["type","NOT_ARTICLE"],["text","送出文章的人在嘗試與機器人聊天。\n未指定所謂“安全”之範疇，可以拿來洗東西不代表可以拿來吃。\n同理一間公司的其中一項產品安全也不代表所有東西安全，就像Samsung s7好棒棒，不代表Note 7不會爆炸。"],["reference",""],["hyperlinks",{"__iterable":"List","data":[]}],["createdAt","2017-11-19T08:05:07.366Z"]]}]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["article",{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["replyCount",1],["references",{"__iterable":"List","data":[{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["type","LINE"]]}]}],["replyRequestCount",1],["user",{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["id","j4S8C_lXIN_yP7NJyvc81dI0F5S0jmaP0EpHTLdzpkZ_dTe7s"],["name","Oo直率真誠的貢寮哈裏特oO"],["avatarUrl",null],["level",0]]}],["hyperlinks",{"__iterable":"List","data":[{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","If You Eat an Avocado a Day For a Month, Here's What Will Happen to You"],["url","https://youtu.be/2Cfl-aVbbz0"],["summary","What Will Happen to Your Body If You Eat Avocado Every Day. The avocado is a unique fruit with multiple nutritional and health benefits. How would your body respond if you ate just one avocado a day? In fact, it would transform your life as you’d get amazing results: your breath will be fresh at all times, your kidneys and liver will work more efficiently, your blood pressure will become lower, just to name a few. \nThere's a miraculous mineral to be found in avocados: potassium. It helps your system keep a healthy fluid balance through chemical channels for cells and organs. Avocados are also a great source of vitamins C and E. Vitamin C is known for its involvement in the creation of collagen and elastin, which help to maintain the skin's elasticity and firmness. Vitamin E takes it to a whole new level, reducing the damage of excessive sun exposure and counteracting aging.\n\nTIMESTAMPS\nHow to get fresh breath. 0:37\nHow to make your kidneys work more efficiently. 1:26\nHow to decrease your cholesterol and triglyceride levels. 2:20\nHow to make your liver function more efficiently. 3:16\nHow to lower your blood pressure. 4:13\nHow to improve your vision. 5:07\nHow to get extra protection from cancer. 6:03\nHow to lose weight easily. 6:52\nHow to make your skin glow. 7:49\n\nMusic:\nhttps://www.youtube.com/audiolibrary/music\n\nSUMMARY\n-Avocado has antibacterial and antioxidant flavonoids, which kill bacteria in your mouth and make your breath fresh.\n-Potassium helps your system keep a healthy fluid balance through chemical channels for cells and organs. A good fluid balance allows your kidneys to function better.\n-Eating avocados regularly lowers the “bad” LDL cholesterol and blood triglycerides by up to 22% and increases the “good” HDL cholesterol by up to 11%.\n-This fruit is actually one of the best products for a liver-friendly diet, and that's all thanks to its ability to help your body produce glutathione! The liver desperately craves this antioxidant to filter out harmful substances and protect its cells from damage.\n-Potassium in avocados helps regulate the fluid balance benefits your blood pressure too. In this case, potassium prevents osteoporosis and, most importantly, lowers your blood pressure.\n-Avocados are high in antioxidants, especially carotenoids called lutein and zeaxanthin, which protect our eyes against harmful blue light.\n-The ability of avocados to give that extra bit of protection from cancer comes from the carotenoids and monounsaturated fat they contain, both of which make their own contribution to the impressive reduction of cancer.\n-Avocados are rich in fiber, which is essential for making those unwanted pounds disappear. Fiber is incredibly filling and digests slowly.\n-Thanks to vitamins C and E avocados help to maintain the skin's elasticity and firmness. Avocados are also rich in omega-9 fatty acids, and they’re crucial for maintaining moisture in the epidermis and regenerating epidermal cells.\n\nSubscribe to Bright Side : https://goo.gl/rQTJZz\n\n----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\nOur Social Media:\n\nFacebook: https://www.facebook.com/brightside/\nInstagram: https://www.instagram.com/brightgram/\n\n5-Minute Crafts Youtube: https://www.goo.gl/8JVmuC\n\n----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\nFor more videos and articles visit:\nhttp://www.brightside.me/"],["topImageUrl","https://i.ytimg.com/vi/2Cfl-aVbbz0/maxresdefault.jpg"],["error",null]]}]}],["text","\n\n\n\n\n每天ㄧ粒Avocado(酪梨)的好処\n1.呼吸清新,预防口腔癌。\n2.腎臟的運作更有效率。(高血钾症病人除外)\n3. 降低胆固醇及三酸甘油脂。\n4.肝臓的工作更有效率。\n5.降低血压。\n6.改善視力。\n7.預防癌症。\n8.減重。\n9.皮膚亮麗。\n\n\n\n\nhttps://youtu.be/2Cfl-aVbbz0"],["id","3iu5003je55yr"],["createdAt","2018-07-25T15:58:47.221Z"]]}],["reply",{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["id","1jrW1WQBbZnN2I-E1Zmk"],["user",{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["id","AVriAlOoyrDaTqlmmqhC"],["name","Lin"],["avatarUrl",null],["level",22]]}],["type","RUMOR"],["text","酪梨熱量主要來自脂肪，根據資料，它所含脂肪比例是水果中最高的。但是，酪梨的脂肪酸主要是單元不飽和脂肪酸，屬於好的脂肪，其次是多元不飽和脂肪酸。\n\n根據2015年1月份一篇發表於《美國心臟學會期刊》（Journal of the American Heart Association）的研究指出，每天吃一顆酪梨（含有豐富的不飽和脂肪酸）能改善過重或肥胖者的「壞」膽固醇，對於患有心血管疾病、糖尿病及肥胖人士尤其具有保護功效。\n\n "],["reference","https://health.ettoday.net/news/1131475\n酪梨"],["hyperlinks",{"__iterable":"List","data":[{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","脂肪含量高？減肥不能吃酪梨？ | ETtoday健康雲"],["url","https://health.ettoday.net/news/1131475"],["summary","彙整整理／李晏晨、摘自／《健康我最大：潘博士嚴選30堂好食課》（潘懷宗著／出色文化）、圖片來源／shutterstock\n「請問潘博士，聽說減肥的人不能吃酪梨，因為它熱量高，是真的嗎？」酪梨是個很奇特的水果，有人說它吃起來的口感很像鮪魚生魚片，不過也有人覺得酪梨有個特殊的氣味不喜歡，更多的人以為它是高熱量、高脂肪的水果，所以對它敬謝不敏，但是這篇文章，恐怕要改變你的想法了。\n\n關於酪梨的脂肪與減肥的關係\n酪梨熱量主要來自脂肪，根據資料，它所含脂肪比例是水果中最高的。但是，酪梨的脂肪酸主要是單元不飽和脂肪酸，屬於好的脂肪，其次是多元不飽和脂肪酸。\n根據2015年1月份一篇發表於《美國心臟學會期刊》（Journal of the American Heart Association）的研究指出，每天吃一顆酪梨（含有豐富的不飽和脂肪酸）能改善過重或肥胖者的「壞」膽固醇，對於患有心血管疾病、糖尿病及肥胖人士尤其具有保護功效。\n\n實驗證明酪梨能抑制食慾\n\n \n另一項研究也證明，在午餐餐點中取代其他食物食用半顆酪梨。結果發現，只要每天中餐吃半顆酪梨者，飯後3小時內，嘴饞想吃零食的慾望減少40%，飯後5小時內會想吃東西的則減少28%。顯示酪梨有抑制兩餐之間的飢餓感的成效。飽足感是體重管理中極為重要的因素，一旦人們覺得飽足，就比較不會在兩餐間吃零食。雖然午餐加入酪梨取代其他食物會些微提高熱量與碳水化合物的攝取量，但卻沒有因此增加血糖濃度。\n\n誤解大了！酪梨其實是低糖抗氧化食物\n\n究竟酪梨內含哪些成分，才會具有這樣的功效呢？經由研究證實酪梨是高營養密度水果，而酪梨富含單元不飽和脂肪酸、Omega-3脂肪酸、阻止膽固醇在體內吸收的物質（植物固醇），以及可對抗癌症與心血管疾病的抗氧化物（多酚類化合物）。\n新鮮酪梨中的糖遠比其他水果來得低，其中營養成分更包含鉀、鎂、葉酸、纖維質、維生素B2、維生素C和B6等，讓它具有抗發炎、助燃脂及補充營養等諸多功效。\n酪梨中的葉黃素還能夠預防攝護腺癌、白內障及黃斑部退化。其中的維生素E，是一種強效的抗氧化物，可減緩老化過程，並預防心臟疾病和多種不同的癌症發生。\n此外，酪梨中的穀胱甘肽（Glutathione）又簡稱為GSH，也是一種強力抗氧化劑，是肝臟解毒過程中，最重要的元素之一，GSH同時是合成具解毒性抗氧化酵素的參與者，如穀胱甘肽過氧化酵素（glutathione peroxidase）。當體內有足夠的穀胱甘肽，就能夠提升免疫系統機能、對抗各種疾病，尤其是癌症患者，GSH還可提高人體免疫系統對抗癌細胞的能力。所以，適量攝取酪梨，真的是好處多多。無怪乎，現在美國也喊出「An Avocado A Day Keeps Bad Cholesterol Away」。\n\n酪梨該怎麼吃？\n★蘸醬油\n\n沒有甜味、略帶滑膩口感的酪梨，南部最在地的吃法，就是蘸醬油一起吃，甚至還可加碼蘸蒜頭醬油、芥末醬油吃，也相當美味，日本人也是以酪梨蘸醬油的吃法，在品嘗酪梨的呢！當然醬也不能沾太多喔！\n★生食或打果汁\n已後熟的酪梨果肉，質地相當軟滑，直接生吃就很美味，可做為沙拉配菜或三明治餡料，在國外相當常見。另外可打果汁，加牛奶打成酪梨牛奶品嘗，亦可加入養樂多或布丁，讓酪梨牛奶多些變化。\n\n選購酪梨有什麼小撇步？\n酪梨是所謂的後熟型水果，採收時還未完全成熟，採收下來後需擺放於室溫內繼續熟化，才會香軟好吃。市售酪梨分為後熟及未熟兩種，以未熟酪梨較常見，後熟的酪梨，外皮呈現紫褐色、觸感軟，未熟的酪梨外皮則為綠色、觸感硬。\n挑選酪梨時，要注意以下事項：\n1.\t用眼睛看，挑選外觀無蟲害的酪梨。\n2.\t手觸摸外皮，粗糙且有一粒粒白色斑點者，購回後約三到四天就會熟，最適合購買。\n3.\t酪梨已完全呈現紫黑色，則表示已過熟，較不建議購買。\n\n更多健康訊息，請上《退休好幸福》\nhttp://www.retire.tw/health-list.php\n油脂豐富的魚能預防心臟病？\n三餐這樣吃，白蛋白充足有活力 \n簡單家常菜，養生新觀點 \n蔬菜吃太少，當心各種文明病上身"],["topImageUrl","https://static.ettoday.net/images/3167/d3167239.jpg"],["error",null]]}]}],["createdAt","2018-07-26T09:06:23.787Z"]]}]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["article",{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["replyCount",1],["references",{"__iterable":"List","data":[{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["type","LINE"]]}]}],["replyRequestCount",1],["user",{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["id","j4S8C_nY3njFKmqp68EwpFXuIiFcsY-3ijBdwX58c_bxueS7U"],["name","斯文的番路瓦勒莉"],["avatarUrl",null],["level",0]]}],["hyperlinks",{"__iterable":"List","data":[{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","‎Unlimited Music MP3 Player:MB3"],["url","https://goo.gl/jKZhHx"],["summary","MixerBox is a stylish all-in-one music player which lets you play music and videos from various services such as YouTube, iTunes, and local music! Enjoy music and videos you love, as many as you want! ALL FREE.MixerBox is the top choice of over 100 million people worldwide and is continuing to grow!With MixerBox you can enjoy:• MULTISOURCE MUSIC VIDEOS STREAMING: Discover music and videos from multi-source, including YouTube, iTunes and local music within one app! Play them all with a single tap!• OPTIMIZED INTERFACE for iPhone X: A Perfectly Optimized interface for iPhone X and of course all other devices!• GORGEOUS DESIGN: Stylish and unique interface fits your taste perfectly, making you want to use it to enjoy music every day!• AUTOMATIC PLAYLIST: Instant personalized playlist from your Facebook Likes and Shares! • FRIENDS' MUSIC DISCOVERY: Discover, play and subscribe to the top playlists among your Facebook friends!• CONTINUOUS PLAY: Play music and videos from various services non-stop, all within one app! • PLAYLIST-OF-THE-DAY: A new playlist in your pocket, every day! • MILLIONS OF MUSIC VIDEOS: Easily access millions of music videos worldwide, and even performances of unsigned singers! • SYNCHRONIZATION: Automatically sync playlists across all of your devices!• INTELLIGENT MUSIC SUGGESTIONS: Recommends similar music through our exclusive intelligent recommendation system just for you!What’s more, IT'S ENTIRELY 100% FREE!MixerBox has even more convenient and amazing features, all waiting to be discovered by you! DOWNLOAD MixerBox NOW!* All videos are provided by the public third-party media service YouTube. All trademarks and copyrights belong to their respective owners and are used here under the terms of Fair Use and the Digital Millennium Copyrights Act (DMCA).* Facebook Ads Information: https://m.facebook.com/ads/ad_choices© MixerBox Inc. Palo Alto, California, USA.\n \n\n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n What's New\n \n \n \n \n Version History\n \n \n 6.01\n Nov 15, 2018\n \n \n \n - Updated Information Tab Feature: View song description and lyrics, while listening to music! - Fixed prior bugs and problems to help improve music playback experience.If you have any problems regarding MixerBox, please visit our MixerBox fan page. We will try to reply as soon as possible. Feel free to rate us and leave a comment, so we can better help you!\n \n\n\n \n \n \n 6.00\n Nov 10, 2018\n \n \n \n - Updated Information Tab Feature: View song description and lyrics, while listening to music! - Fixed prior bugs and problems to help improve music playback experience.If you have any problems regarding MixerBox, please visit our MixerBox fan page. We will try to reply as soon as possible. Feel free to rate us and leave a comment, so we can better help you!\n \n\n\n \n \n \n 5.99\n Nov 1, 2018\n \n \n \n - Updated Information Tab Feature: View song description and lyrics, while listening to music! - Fixed prior bugs and problems to help improve music playback experience.If you have any problems regarding MixerBox, please visit our MixerBox fan page. We will try to reply as soon as possible. Feel free to rate us and leave a comment, so we can better help you!\n \n\n\n \n \n \n 5.98\n Oct 29, 2018\n \n \n \n - Fixed prior bugs and problems to help improve music playback experience.If you have any problems regarding MixerBox, please visit our MixerBox fan page. We will try to reply as soon as possible. Feel free to rate us and leave a comment, so we can better help you!\n \n\n\n \n \n \n 5.96\n Oct 12, 2018\n \n \n \n - Fixed prior bugs and problems to help improve music playback experience.If you have any problems regarding MixerBox, please visit our MixerBox fan page. We will try to reply as soon as possible. Feel free to rate us and leave a comment, so we can better help you!\n \n\n\n \n \n \n 5.93\n Sep 26, 2018\n \n \n \n - Fixed prior bugs and problems to help improve music playback experience.If you have any problems regarding MixerBox, please visit our MixerBox fan page. We will try to reply as soon as possible. Feel free to rate us and leave a comment, so we can better help you!\n \n\n\n \n \n \n 5.92\n Sep 21, 2018\n \n \n \n - Fixed prior bugs and problems to help improve music playback experience.If you have any problems regarding MixerBox, please visit our MixerBox fan page. We will try to reply as soon as possible. Feel free to rate us and leave a comment, so we can better help you!\n \n\n\n \n \n \n 5.91\n Sep 13, 2018\n \n \n \n - Fixed prior bugs and problems to help improve music playback experience.If you have any problems regarding MixerBox, please visit our MixerBox fan page. We will try to reply as soon as possible. Feel free to rate us and leave a comment, so we can better help you!\n \n\n\n \n \n \n 5.90\n Sep 7, 2018\n \n \n \n - Fixed prior bugs and problems to help improve music playback experience.If you have any problems regarding MixerBox, please visit our MixerBox fan page. We will try to reply as soon as possible. Feel free to rate us and leave a comment, so we can better help you!\n \n\n\n \n \n \n 5.89\n Sep 3, 2018\n \n \n \n - Fixed prior bugs and problems to help improve music playback experience.If you have any problems regarding MixerBox, please visit our MixerBox fan page. We will try to reply as soon as possible. Feel free to rate us and leave a comment, so we can better help you!\n \n\n\n \n \n \n 5.88\n Aug 28, 2018\n \n \n \n - Fixed prior bugs and problems to help improve music playback experience.If you have any problems regarding MixerBox, please visit our MixerBox fan page. We will try to reply as soon as possible. Feel free to rate us and leave a comment, so we can better help you!\n \n\n\n \n \n \n 5.87\n Aug 16, 2018\n \n \n \n - Fixed prior bugs and problems to help improve music playback experience.If you have any problems regarding MixerBox, please visit our MixerBox fan page. We will try to reply as soon as possible. Feel free to rate us and leave a comment, so we can better help you!\n \n\n\n \n \n \n 5.86\n Jul 15, 2018\n \n \n \n - Fixed prior bugs and problems to help improve music playback experience.If you have any problems regarding MixerBox, please visit our MixerBox fan page. We will try to reply as soon as possible. Feel free to rate us and leave a comment, so we can better help you!\n \n\n\n \n \n \n 5.85\n Jul 9, 2018\n \n \n \n - Fixed prior bugs and problems to help improve music playback experience.If you have any problems regarding MixerBox, please visit our MixerBox fan page. We will try to reply as soon as possible. Feel free to rate us and leave a comment, so we can better help you!\n \n\n\n \n \n \n 5.83\n Jul 6, 2018\n \n \n \n - Fixed prior bugs and problems to help improve music playback experience.If you have any problems regarding MixerBox, please visit our MixerBox fan page. We will try to reply as soon as possible. Feel free to rate us and leave a comment, so we can better help you!\n \n\n\n \n \n \n 5.82\n Jun 27, 2018\n \n \n \n - Fixed prior bugs and problems to help improve music playback experience.If you have any problems regarding MixerBox, please visit our MixerBox fan page. We will try to reply as soon as possible. Feel free to rate us and leave a comment, so we can better help you!\n \n\n\n \n \n \n 5.81\n Jun 20, 2018\n \n \n \n - Fixed prior bugs and problems to help improve music playback experience.If you have any problems regarding MixerBox, please visit our MixerBox fan page. We will try to reply as soon as possible. Feel free to rate us and leave a comment, so we can better help you!\n \n\n\n \n \n \n 5.80\n Jun 18, 2018\n \n \n \n - Fixed prior bugs and problems to help improve music playback experience.If you have any problems regarding MixerBox, please visit our MixerBox fan page. We will try to reply as soon as possible. Feel free to rate us and leave a comment, so we can better help you!\n \n\n\n \n \n \n 5.79\n Jun 14, 2018\n \n \n \n - Fixed prior bugs and problems to help improve music playback experience.If you have any problems regarding MixerBox, please visit our MixerBox fan page. We will try to reply as soon as possible. Feel free to rate us and leave a comment, so we can better help you!\n \n\n\n \n \n \n 5.78\n Jun 11, 2018\n \n \n \n - Fixed prior bugs and problems to help improve music playback experience.If you have any problems regarding MixerBox, please visit our MixerBox fan page. We will try to reply as soon as possible. Feel free to rate us and leave a comment, so we can better help you!\n \n\n\n \n \n \n 5.77\n Jun 9, 2018\n \n \n \n - Fixed prior bugs and problems to help improve music playback experience.If you have any problems regarding MixerBox, please visit our MixerBox fan page. We will try to reply as soon as possible. Feel free to rate us and leave a comment, so we can better help you!\n \n\n\n \n \n \n 5.76\n Jun 5, 2018\n \n \n \n - Fixed prior bugs and problems to help improve music playback experience.If you have any problems regarding MixerBox, please visit our MixerBox fan page. We will try to reply as soon as possible. Feel free to rate us and leave a comment, so we can better help you!\n \n\n\n \n \n \n 5.75\n May 30, 2018\n \n \n \n - Fixed prior bugs and problems to help improve music playback experience.If you have any problems regarding MixerBox, please visit our MixerBox fan page. We will try to reply as soon as possible. Feel free to rate us and leave a comment, so we can better help you!\n \n\n\n \n \n \n 5.73\n May 19, 2018\n \n \n \n - Fixed prior bugs and problems to help improve music playback experience.If you have any problems regarding MixerBox, please visit our MixerBox fan page. We will try to reply as soon as possible. Feel free to rate us and leave a comment, so we can better help you!\n \n\n\n \n \n \n 5.72\n May 10, 2018\n \n \n \n - Fixed prior bugs and problems to help improve music playback experience.If you have any problems regarding MixerBox, please visit our MixerBox fan page. We will try to reply as soon as possible. Feel free to rate us and leave a comment, so we can better help you!\n \n\n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n - Updated Information Tab Feature: View song description and lyrics, while listening to music! - Fixed prior bugs and problems to help improve music playback experience.If you have any problems regarding MixerBox, please visit our MixerBox fan page. We will try to reply as soon as possible. Feel free to rate us and leave a comment, so we can better help you!\n \n\n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n Ratings and Reviews\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n Used to be Hot - now it’s Not!!\n\n\n Initially when I to the app, it was cool - it had all my songs, it played even when I closed my screen and it played without WiFi. After a long while, it stopped playing with the closed screen, I had to start leaving the app open in order for it to play. That wasn’t terrible, just inconvenient..but I could live with it. Then, it started playing ads during the songs - an ad would just instantly start to play while the song was simultaneously playing. That was very irritating; but eventually it stopped doing that....and started stopping. While the song played, it would just stop playing or the sound would drop out. THAT is very annoying and it continues to do that. Not every song, but enough to irritate you. I am actively seeking another app - one that is consistent and doesn’t pop up with a new issue every few months. At first, I loved it; but as time went on & something new was always wrong with it...I’m becoming increasingly less patient with it. Time to move on!!!😏\n\n \n\n Hi! Thank you for your feedback! Could you leave message to our Fanspage \"https://www.facebook.com/mixerbox\" and describe more details about the pausing problem? So that we can better understand your situation and assist you to solve the problem. If you like our app, please leave us your much appreciated comments! Thanks! (*´∀`)~♥\n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n\n\n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n Used to be Hot - now it’s Not!!\n\n\n \n \n \n Initially when I to the app, it was cool - it had all my songs, it played even when I closed my screen and it played without WiFi. After a long while, it stopped playing with the closed screen, I had to start leaving the app open in order for it to play. That wasn’t terrible, just inconvenient..but I could live with it. Then, it started playing ads during the songs - an ad would just instantly start to play while the song was simultaneously playing. That was very irritating; but eventually it stopped doing that....and started stopping. While the song played, it would just stop playing or the sound would drop out. THAT is very annoying and it continues to do that. Not every song, but enough to irritate you. I am actively seeking another app - one that is consistent and doesn’t pop up with a new issue every few months. At first, I loved it; but as time went on & something new was always wrong with it...I’m becoming increasingly less patient with it. Time to move on!!!😏\n \n\n\n \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n Hi! Thank you for your feedback! Could you leave message to our Fanspage \"https://www.facebook.com/mixerbox\" and describe more details about the pausing problem? So that we can better understand your situation and assist you to solve the problem. If you like our app, please leave us your much appreciated comments! Thanks! (*´∀`)~♥\n \n\n\n \n \n\n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n Miss Jan\n\n\n I’ve stayed with Mixer Box for quite a while and I plan on staying with them for as long as I can. This application. has given me easy access to all the music, taped conferences or special events that I want! The method used to reward us for using their app. is fantastic and so very generous. Today, it’s unheard of to receive so much for virtually nothing and I promise that, the creators have worked hard to develop the most updated technology and they can even make suggestions for our personal music selections, which assist in making favorite music lists! Finally, their customer service seems to be set up to help in whatever situation arises. Basically, I can’t say enough positive things about Mixer Box and although it’s not perfect, it’s Free and perfect for me!! Thanks Mixer Box!😉💟\n\n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n\n\n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n Miss Jan\n\n\n \n \n \n I’ve stayed with Mixer Box for quite a while and I plan on staying with them for as long as I can. This application. has given me easy access to all the music, taped conferences or special events that I want! The method used to reward us for using their app. is fantastic and so very generous. Today, it’s unheard of to receive so much for virtually nothing and I promise that, the creators have worked hard to develop the most updated technology and they can even make suggestions for our personal music selections, which assist in making favorite music lists! Finally, their customer service seems to be set up to help in whatever situation arises. Basically, I can’t say enough positive things about Mixer Box and although it’s not perfect, it’s Free and perfect for me!! Thanks Mixer Box!😉💟\n \n\n\n \n \n\n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n\n\n\n \n \n \n Information\n \n \n Seller\n \n MixerBox Inc.\n \n \n \n Size\n 78.9 MB\n \n \n \n Compatibility\n \n \n \n Requires iOS 10.0 or later. Compatible with iPhone, iPad, and iPod touch.\n \n\n\n \n\n \n \n Languages\n \n \n \n English, Dutch, French, German, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Portuguese, Russian, Simplified Chinese, Spanish, Thai, Traditional Chinese, Turkish\n \n\n\n \n\n \n \n Age Rating\n You must be at least 17 years old to download this app.\n \n \n \n Infrequent/Mild Profanity or Crude Humor\n \n \n \n Infrequent/Mild Alcohol, Tobacco, or Drug Use or References\n \n \n \n Frequent/Intense Mature/Suggestive Themes\n \n \n Copyright\n © MixerBox Inc.\n \n \n Price\n Free\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n App Support\n \n \n Privacy Policy\n \n \n \n\n \n \n Supports\n \n \n \n \n \n Family Sharing\n\n \n \n \n With Family Sharing set up, up to six family members can use this app."],["topImageUrl","https://is3-ssl.mzstatic.com/image/thumb/Purple128/v4/a6/65/99/a665999d-4634-8a3d-fc78-0c9960030294/AppIcon-0-1x_U007emarketing-0-0-GLES2_U002c0-512MB-sRGB-0-0-0-85-220-0-0-0-7.png/1200x630wa.png"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","▶Download Now◀Unlimited Free Music MP3 Player - Apps on Google Play"],["url","https://goo.gl/w2Y4e1"],["summary","MixerBox is a compliant 3rd-party API client that lets you play music & videos from YouTube & MP3s all within one app! (This is NOT a MP3 / video downloader app)==========DISCLAIMER==========This is NOT an official app from the various media services, and this is only an unofficial 3rd-party client that complies with their 3rd party API terms of service. This app is NOT an affiliated nor related product of those services. Per their API developer terms: https://developers.google.com/youtube/terms/branding-guidelines - \"You do not need special approval to use YouTube APIs or to promote API functionality in your application\" provided that the guidelines are followed.==============================► AUTOMATIC PLAYLIST - Instant personalized playlist from your Facebook Likes and Shares ► FRIENDS' MUSIC DISCOVERY - Discover, play and subscribe to the top playlists among your Facebook friends ► CONTINUOUS PLAY - Play music and videos from various services non-stop, all within one app! ► PLAYLIST-OF-THE-DAY - A new playlist in your pocket, everyday ► MILLIONS OF MUSIC VIDEOS - Easily access millions of music videos worldwide, and even performances of unsigned singers ► SYNCHRONIZATION - Automatically sync playlists across all of your devices =====COPYRIGHT INFORMATION=====All videos are provided by the public third-party media service YouTube. All trademarks and copyrights belong to their respective owners and are used here under the terms of Fair Use and the Digital Millennium Copyrights Act (DMCA).Since MixerBox simply links to content on their service via their 3rd Party Developer API, MixerBox does not have any direct control of their content. If there are any content that may infringe upon anyone's copyrights, the following link can be used to report the content: http://www.youtube.com/t/dmca_policyIf you have any further questions, please feel free to contact us at: support@mixerbox.com© MixerBox Inc. Palo Alto, California, USA."],["topImageUrl","https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/BlTOcUyHo8bAQ3-vRUU_N290onZViUtIyB9_889VHAyRV_5LVx3EcRocLD8nKDndIKM"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","このページを見るには、ログインまたは登録してください"],["url","https://goo.gl/uAr4Jz"],["summary","このメニューを開くには、altと/を同時に押してください"],["topImageUrl","https://facebook.com/security/hsts-pixel.gif"],["error",null]]}]}],["text","抽五萬超簡單，請大家告訴大家，歡迎轉傳分享！\n\n【五萬元抽獎活動】\n下載免費音樂 App MixerBox 並透過 Line 分享給好友，就可以抽五萬元！\n\niOS下載\nhttps://goo.gl/jKZhHx \nAndroid下載\nhttps://goo.gl/w2Y4e1\n\n分享此訊息並截圖 Line 分享畫面，至粉專貼文留言 tag 兩位好友並附上截圖即可抽五萬\n\n粉專貼文傳送門👇🏻\nhttps://goo.gl/uAr4Jz\n\n好康相報，要記得下載 App！抽中五萬記得分我😆\n"],["id","3jfynn6k56a3m"],["createdAt","2018-11-30T16:43:15.234Z"]]}],["reply",{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["id","F_2JZWcBP8WrztivW4Ry"],["user",{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["id","AVriAlOoyrDaTqlmmqhC"],["name","Lin"],["avatarUrl",null],["level",22]]}],["type","NOT_ARTICLE"],["text","這是商業活動廣告 "],["reference",""],["hyperlinks",null],["createdAt","2018-11-30T16:52:39.927Z"]]}]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["article",{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["replyCount",1],["references",{"__iterable":"List","data":[{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["type","LINE"]]}]}],["replyRequestCount",1],["user",{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["id","j4S8C_62TpgrlHJxX4TQCewxVpp97UXheKZTwfdTiexos4edY"],["name","☞有雄心壯志的麟洛米路☜"],["avatarUrl",null],["level",0]]}],["hyperlinks",{"__iterable":"List","data":[{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","These Common Household Products Can Destroy the Novel Coronavirus"],["url","https://www.consumerreports.org/cleaning/common-household-products-that-can-destroy-novel-coronavirus/"],["summary","When you shop through retailer links on our site, we may earn affiliate commissions. 100% of the fees we collect are used to support our nonprofit mission. Learn more.\n\n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n \n\n\n\nNews of stores running out of hand-sanitizing gels and chlorine wipes may have you worried about how to protect your family at home as COVID-19 spreads. But plain old hand soap will go a long way.\n“It isn’t possible to disinfect every surface you touch throughout your day,” says Stephen Thomas, M.D., chief of infectious diseases and director of global health at Upstate Medical University in Syracuse. “The planet is covered with bacteria and viruses, and we’re constantly in contact with these surfaces, so hand-washing is still your best defense against COVID-19.” \n\n\n\n\n\n \n\n\n\nYou need to amp up your typical cleaning routine only if someone in the household exhibits signs and symptoms of a respiratory infection, or if you live in an area with known cases of COVID-19. In that scenario, Thomas says, “Clean high-traffic areas that get touched frequently, such as kitchen counters and bathroom faucets, three times a day with a product that kills viruses.”\n\n\n\n\n\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\tThe good news is that coronaviruses are some of the easiest types of viruses to kill with the appropriate product, according to the Environmental Protection Agency. “It has an envelope around it that allows it to merge with other cells to infect them,” explains Thomas. “If you disrupt that coating, the virus can’t do its job.”\nEven if you can't get your hands on hand sanitizer or Clorox wipes, below are a number of cleaning products you probably have around the house already, and that stores are more likely to have in stock, that are effective in deactivating the novel coronavirus. We also tell you the products that don’t work, and when you can expect retailers to stock back up on cleaning supplies.\n\n\t\t\n\t\n\n\n\n\n\n Cleaning Products That Destroy Coronavirus\n\n \n\n\n\nSoap and Water\n Just the friction from scrubbing with soap and water can break the coronavirus’s protective envelope. “Scrub like you’ve got sticky stuff on the surface and you really need to get it off,” says Richard Sachleben, an organic chemist and member of the American Chemical Society. Discard the towel or leave it in a bowl of soapy water for a while to destroy any virus particles that may have survived. \nBleach\n The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommends a diluted bleach solution (⅓ cup bleach per 1 gallon of water or 4 teaspoons bleach per 1 quart of water) for virus disinfection. Wear gloves while using bleach, and never mix it with amonia or anything, in fact, except water. (The only exception is when doing laundry with detergent.)\n“Bleach works great against viruses,” Sachleben says. Just don’t keep the solution for longer than a few days because bleach will degrade certain plastic containers.\nBleach can also corrode metal over time, so Sachleben recommends that people not get into the habit of cleaning their faucets and stainless steel products with it. Because bleach is harsh for many countertops as well, you should rinse surfaces with water after disinfecting to prevent discoloration or damage to the surface. \nIsopropyl Alcohol\n Alcohol solutions with at least 70 percent alcohol are effective against coronavirus. Do not dilute the alcohol solution. Alcohol is generally safe for all surfaces but can discolor some plastics, Sachleben says.\nHydrogen Peroxide\n According to the CDC, household (3 percent) hydrogen peroxide is effective in deactivating rhinovirus, the virus that causes the common cold, within 6 to 8 minutes of exposure. Rhinovirus is more difficult to destroy than coronaviruses, so hydrogen peroxide should be able to break down coronavirus in less time. Pour it undiluted into a spray bottle and spray it on the surface to be cleaned, but let it sit on the surface for several minutes. \nHydrogen peroxide is not corrosive, so it’s okay to use it on metal surfaces. But similar to bleach, it can discolor fabrics if you accidentally get in on your clothes. “It’s great for getting into hard-to-reach crevices,” Sachleben says. “You can pour it on the area and you don’t have to wipe it off because it essentially decomposes into oxygen and water.”\n\n\n\n What Not to Use Against Coronavirus\n\n \n\n\n\nHomemade Hand Sanitizer\nYou’re probably seeing all sorts of hand sanitizer recipes floating around your social media and the internet, but Thomas, at Upstate Medical in Syracuse, advises against making your own. “People don’t know the right ratios to use, and the internet won’t give you the right answer,” he warns. “Not only can you hurt yourself, but it could give you a false sense of security.” \nSachleben seconds that advice. “I’m a professional chemist, and I don’t mix my own disinfectant products at home,” he says. “Companies spend a bunch of time and money to pay chemists specifically to formulate hand sanitizers that work and that are safe. If you make it yourself, how can you know if it’s stable or if it works?”\nVodka\nThere are widely circulated recipes on the internet using vodka to combat coronavirus. A couple of vodka makers, including Tito’s and Smirnoff, have already come out with statements telling their customers that their 80-proof product does not contain enough ethyl alcohol (40 percent compared with the 70 percent required) to kill the coronavirus. \nDistilled White Vinegar\nDisinfection recommendations using vinegar are popular online, but there is no evidence that they are effective against coronavirus. (Read about the 9 things you should never clean with vinegar.)\n\n\n\n When Retailers Expect More Supplies\n\n \n\n\n\nWondering when you’ll be able to get your hands on hand sanitizer, Lysol wipes, Clorox sprays, etc., at your local store? CR spoke to major chains, including Costco, CVS, Kroger, Stop & Shop, and Walgreens. They said that they are seeing temporary shortages and are restocking as quickly as their suppliers allow (though CVS says it is not seeing a shortage of disinfectant wipes and sprays). Kroger and Stop & Shop have instituted purchase limits. \nBut your best bet, says Burt Flickinger, managing director at Strategic Resource Group, a retail and consumer goods consulting firm, is to go to the warehouse stores and large grocery chains. \n\"They have their own distribution warehouses and constantly replenish their stock,\" he explains. He adds that Walmart has one of the best distribution chains in the country and is prepared for natural disasters like tornadoes or hurricanes. In other words, their system is already in place, so they don't have to scramble to meet demand.\nFlickinger says the best time to shop is 6 a.m. to 8 a.m., because the shelves are typically restocked overnight. He anticipates that supplies from Clorox, 3M, and Procter & Gamble will be replenished the soonest.\n\n\n\n \n\n\n\n—Additional reporting by Mary Farrell"],["topImageUrl",null],["error",null]]}]}],["text","https://www.consumerreports.org/cleaning/common-household-products-that-can-destroy-novel-coronavirus/"],["id","qlvg81xa0oup"],["createdAt","2020-03-14T23:30:02.695Z"]]}],["reply",{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["id","ewSt6HABrhVJn3LNpBl0"],["user",{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["id","HkXxOXABHjv_5zI2Qlbz"],["name","Ann"],["avatarUrl",null],["level",16]]}],["type","NOT_RUMOR"],["text","1. 本文來自美國消費品測評類雜誌《消費者報告》。提到四種能有效對抗新冠病毒的產品：肥皂、漂白水、異丙醇、雙氧水，均屬實。\n肥皂雖然沒有「殺菌消毒」的功能，但透過搓洗、擦拭，能夠有效把包著病菌的飛沫、其他污染物洗乾淨，讓菌叢減少，因此「搓洗」比「浸泡」來得有效。\n漂白水具有強鹼性，稀釋後可殺菌抗病毒，適合大面積環境消毒，文中也有提及「請勿將漂白水與氨水、其他物質混合」，以免產生氧化還原作用。\n異丙醇大多是工業用，效果與酒精相似，但含有微毒性因此容易造成皮膚刺激，僅適合用於環境清潔，濃度需75%~80%才有清潔效果，文章中也有提醒民眾不要自行稀釋。\n雙氧水（過氧化氫）消毒的原理是「氧化反應」，如果用濃度為0.5％的雙氧水，大約停留1分鐘就會有效殺菌。\n\n2.文中提及三項「無法」殺滅新冠病毒的產品：自製洗手液、伏特加、白醋，均正確。"],["reference","醫師︰肥皂洗手防疫比戴口罩有效\nhttps://news.ltn.com.tw/news/life/paper/1358591\n\n酒精買不到高醫大教授：異丙醇稀釋到75％也可消毒\nhttps://news.ltn.com.tw/news/life/breakingnews/3078064\n\n這酒精啦！直擊網拍「異丙醇」　誆是乾洗手\nhttps://news.tvbs.com.tw/local/1278073\n\n消毒防疫懶人包／藥師超詳細解析！酒精、漂白水、次氯酸水這樣用才對\nhttps://health.udn.com/health/story/121019/4339678\n\n研究：冠狀病毒可在物體表面存活9天　酒精、漂白水可消毒\nhttps://tw.appledaily.com/international/20200218/YSAIHZUTUSNDDFIXSRZ3W4FU44/"],["hyperlinks",{"__iterable":"List","data":[{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","醫師︰肥皂洗手防疫比戴口罩有效 - 生活 - 自由時報電子報"],["url","https://news.ltn.com.tw/news/life/paper/1358591"],["summary","清除病毒和細菌，用肥皂洗手是最好的選擇。\b\b（資料照）\n \n\n\n 2020-03-14 05:30:00酒精無法對付諾羅、腸病毒〔記者吳亮儀／台北報導〕武漢肺炎疫情在台灣持續延燒，研究證實「勤洗手」比「戴口罩」更有效防範染病。醫師指出，就清除病毒和細菌而言，最好的選擇是用肥皂洗手，目前酒精被證實可殺死武漢肺炎病毒，但無法對付腸病毒、諾羅病毒。林口長庚醫院臨床毒物中心主任顏宗海說，清潔手部最好的選擇是「肥皂」，雖然它沒有殺菌消毒的功能，但肥皂有介面活性，透過肥皂擦拭摩擦，可將細菌、病毒自皮膚移除，再用水沖掉細菌或病毒。 \n \n常見的流感病毒、腸病毒、諾羅病毒、輪狀病毒，以及現在武漢肺炎病毒，都可以用肥皂充分搓揉後沖洗掉。「但肥皂不是隨時都有」，顏宗海說，酒精已被證實可殺死武漢肺炎病毒，許多人搶購酒精來消毒，但他提醒，酒精殺不死沒有「外套膜」的病毒，例如腸病毒、諾羅病毒等，因此用酒精洗手是防範不了這些病毒的。漂白水加水稀釋後可用來清潔環境、殺菌、消毒的作法已廣為民眾使用，只要加入清水稀釋約一百倍，可有效殺死細菌、真菌、病毒。不過食品藥物管理署提醒，漂白水雖然消毒殺菌效果很好，但它有較強的刺激性，使用時最好戴手套和口罩，以免刺激皮膚和呼吸道，使用時也要保持通風，不要接觸到身體或皮膚。次氯酸水避免接觸人體還有一個常見的清潔用品是次氯酸水，它和漂白水很相似，能殺死病毒和細菌，有一定的抗病菌作用。食藥署對它有規範，在一定濃度、劑量下，可做食品容器、食材洗滌用途。不過食藥署提醒，洗潔劑衛生標準針對次氯酸水要求總有效氯含量必須在二百ppm以下，是擔心使用完後氯殘留量太多，對人體有害，並非指二百ppm以下就有消毒功用。食藥署也已公告，次氯酸水對皮膚及黏膜有刺激性，市面上的次氯酸水主要是用在環境清潔，應該避免使用在人體。\n\n \n \n \n 各種清潔用品比較\n \n \n\n\n\n \n\n \n 不用抽不用搶現在用APP看新聞保證天天中獎　\n 點我下載APP　\n 按我看活動辦法"],["topImageUrl",null],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","酒精買不到高醫大教授：異丙醇稀釋到75％也可消毒 - 生活 - 自由時報電子報"],["url","https://news.ltn.com.tw/news/life/breakingnews/3078064"],["summary","高醫大醫藥暨應用化學系教授陳喧應建議，民眾若買不到75%濃度酒精，可用75%濃度異丙醇代替，同樣具有殺病毒功效。（記者方志賢攝）\n \n\n\n 2020-02-24 14:09:27〔記者方志賢／高雄報導〕武漢肺炎疫情延燒，民眾搶購口罩，也狂掃酒精及乾洗手液，高醫大醫藥暨應用化學系教授陳喧應建議，民眾若買不到75%濃度酒精，可用75%濃度異丙醇代替，同樣有殺病毒功效，因具揮發性，不用像氯酸鈉水還要進一步擦拭乾淨。高中以下學校明天將開學，高醫大成立跨領域衛教團隊，在開學前夕，召集鄰近小學代表，請學者專家傳授開學防疫攻略，並分享123消毒口訣，即隨身攜帶一瓶、同一個位置連續噴2次，噴灑後靜置30秒揮發，專家也提醒消毒後千萬別再用抹布擦拭，以免反倒汙染剛消毒過的課桌椅和教具。 \n \n護理學院副教授周碧玲也示範正確的洗手七字訣「內、外、夾、弓、大、立、腕」，教導大家洗手要連指縫、指甲都要洗乾淨，最後更要把手擦乾，才是有效的「抗菌洗手」。高醫大與李長榮化工合作，將異丙醇稀釋至75%的濃度，捐贈給社區及鄰近學校作為環境清潔液，李長榮集團總裁李謀偉表示，異丙醇的消毒功能與酒精（乙醇）相似，捐出一萬2000公升異丙醇拋磚引玉，希望更多化工同業加入，用化學專業與民眾一起對抗武漢肺炎。陳喧應表示，乙醇、異丙醇稀釋至75%濃度後，都具消毒功能，其使用原則是瞬間、小面積，例如清潔手部或桌面小區塊，因會自動揮發掉，也不用進一步擦拭乾淨，若要大面積的清洗，可使用次氯酸鈉消毒液，消毒後10分鐘仍需清水擦拭乾淨。陳喧應說，雖然異丙醇的毒性比乙醇高，但短暫接觸不會造成危險，且具揮發性，不小心碰觸沒關係，但仍建議清潔消毒物品為主，若要乾洗手仍選擇乙醇。陳喧應說，民眾也可自行調配異丙醇的消毒水，市面化工行可買到95%濃度的異丙醇，用4杯的異丙醇混和1杯水，若是99%異丙醇，則是3杯異丙醇混合1杯水，調成75%~80%異丙醇都具有清潔效果。相關新聞請見︰武漢肺炎懶人包》傳染途徑、預防措施看這裡「武漢肺炎專區」請點此，更多相關訊息，帶您第一手掌握。\n\n \n \n \n 高醫大護理學院副教授周碧玲示範正確消毒桌面的步驟。（記者方志賢攝）\n \n \n \n \n 高醫大及李長榮化工合作致贈異丙醇清潔液給鄰近小學。（記者方志賢攝）\n \n \n \n \n 高醫大及李長榮化工合作致贈異丙醇清潔液給鄰近小學。（記者方志賢攝）\n \n \n \n \n 高醫大護理學院副教授周碧玲示範正確洗手七字訣。（記者方志賢攝）\n \n \n\n\n\n \n\n \n 不用抽不用搶現在用APP看新聞保證天天中獎　\n 點我下載APP　\n 按我看活動辦法"],["topImageUrl",null],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title",""],["url","https://news.tvbs.com.tw/local/1278073"],["summary",""],["topImageUrl",null],["error","NOT_REACHABLE"]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","消毒防疫懶人包／藥師超詳細解析！酒精、漂白水、次氯酸水這樣用才對 | 防疫懶人包 | 新冠肺炎 | 元氣網"],["url","https://health.udn.com/health/story/121019/4339678"],["summary","圖片提供／KingNet國家網路醫藥（來源：flaticon / freepik）隨著武漢肺炎疫情升溫，除了戴口罩、勤洗手對抗病毒，許多人也開始使用酒精、漂白水、次氯酸水等消毒用品做居家清潔，但是這些消毒水適合使用在什麼地方？又該如何調配？KingNet國家網路醫藥今天便邀請特聘藥師Ruth，為大家解析居家消毒的正確方法！(一) 75%酒精消毒效果最好，適合小面積擦拭Ruth藥師表示，75%酒精對於消滅「有外套膜」的冠狀病毒是有效的，它可破壞冠狀病毒外層的蛋白質結構，使其失去活性達到消滅病毒的效果，若民眾買不到75%濃度的酒精，可以將4杯95%酒精加1杯煮沸後的冷開水稀釋調配，並倒入噴瓶中保存，使用時禁止吸菸、遠離火源。圖片提供／KingNet國家網路醫藥（來源：flaticon / freepik）【酒精消毒方式】(1)建議可先將酒精噴灑於紙巾或纖維布上，再小面積擦拭家中門把、常用電燈按鈕、手機螢幕、書桌、電腦鍵盤、滑鼠等地方。(2)在不方便用肥皂洗手的地方，可將酒精噴灑於手上搓揉20-30秒，做為乾洗手之用，噴完之後再以濕紙巾擦拭，以擦掉殘留的細菌或病毒屍體。由於酒精揮發時會帶走肌膚水份，乾洗手後可搭配護手霜或乳液加強保濕。(二)稀釋後漂白水可殺菌抗病毒，適合大面積環境消毒一般市售漂白水的次氯酸鈉濃度約落在5%到6%(商品背面會標註濃度百分比)，稀釋50-100倍濃度後就能同時殺菌與消滅病毒，由於漂白水具有強鹼性，會刺激人體黏膜、皮膚和呼吸道，因此只適合用做大面積環境消毒。Ruth藥師建議，若是要用來清潔家中地板、櫥櫃、廚房等地方，可稀釋至100倍的濃度(約500ppm)，例如：100ml漂白水(約1瓶養樂多容量)稀釋到10公升裝的水桶中(約8個寶特瓶的容量)、在掃地機器人的拖地水箱中滴1-2滴漂白水；若是要清潔浴室、馬桶等比較髒的區域，可稀釋至50倍的濃度(約1000ppm)，例如：200ml漂白水(約2瓶養樂多容量)稀釋到10公升裝的水桶中(約8個寶特瓶的容量)。若不知道漂白水的次氯酸鈉濃度，也可以按照產品瓶身背面的使用建議，依比例調配出適合的漂白水濃度。圖片提供／KingNet國家網路醫藥（來源：flaticon / freepik）【漂白水消毒方式】(1)「穿」：消毒前穿上圍裙、戴上口罩和手套，以保護雙手及避免呼吸道受到刺激。(2)「稀」：將漂白水稀釋至所需濃度。(3)「擦」：將拖把、抹布或舊牙刷沾漂白水，以擦拭方式擦地板、桌椅、櫥櫃、小朋友玩具、洗手台、水龍頭、馬桶等區域，若是用噴灑方式清潔則無效。(4)「停」：擦拭後，靜置五至十分鐘，等漂白水發揮殺菌功效。(5)「沖」：再以清水沖洗或擦拭剛才清潔的區域。(6)「棄」：用過的漂白水需要大量稀釋至少100倍後，才能倒入廚房汙水道或戶外水溝，比較不會汙染水源，或是將之靜置一天氧化後再倒掉。圖片提供／KingNet國家網路醫藥（來源：flaticon / freepik）【使用漂白水注意事項】(1)漂白水除加水稀釋外，絕不可以參雜肥皂、清潔劑、藥劑、香料等，否則可能會產生強烈氧化作用，散發出毒性物質。(2)漂白水若不小心碰觸到眼睛，要用大量清水連續沖洗十五分鐘，如果碰到皮膚，要立刻用清水沖到覺得乾淨為止。(3)漂白水用冷水稀釋，不要用熱水稀釋。(4)不適合用稀釋漂白水消毒的絨毛玩具，可透過一般清洗方式，拿到戶外曝曬陽光，利用紫外線殺死病毒。(三)次氯酸水主要用於環境清潔根據衛服部食品藥物管理署的最新說明，目前市面上的次氯酸水主要用於環境清潔，要避免使用在人體。此外，由於次氯酸水穩定性差，遇光容易分解，存放時要保存在不透光容器，且應放置兒童接觸不到的地方，以免誤食風險。另外，皮膚科邱品齊醫師也表示，次氯酸水產品如果有二級醫療器材證號，才能宣稱用在皮膚或傷口進行消毒，若只取得一級醫療器材證號，就只能用在器械消毒使用，若要做為一般化妝品肌膚清潔用途，可以偶爾用在皮膚沖洗，但不能宣稱有消毒功效，且皮膚長期接觸次氯酸水可能會使皮膚乾燥或產生皮膚炎。圖片提供／KingNet國家網路醫藥（來源：flaticon / freepik）最後，Ruth藥師叮嚀，家中門把、常用電燈按鈕、手機螢幕等小面積區域，最好每天消毒一次，地板、浴室、家具等大面積之處，每1至2週至少清潔一次即可，再搭配勤洗手、封閉擁擠環境下戴口罩，就能保護自己、降低被病菌入侵的風險。※編按：關於次氯酸水的使用方式，本文已依據食藥署最新公告與皮膚科醫師的建議補充修正，造成不便還請見諒。漂白水乾洗手消毒次氯酸水酒精"],["topImageUrl",null],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","研究：冠狀病毒可在物體表面存活9天　酒精、漂白水可消毒"],["url","https://tw.appledaily.com/international/20200218/YSAIHZUTUSNDDFIXSRZ3W4FU44/"],["summary","【武肺總疫報】世界「大流行」！WHO兩員工確診　東奧委會副會長也中鏢出版時間: 2020/03/17 更新時間: 2020/03/17 21:16【大咖中鏢】日本奧會副主席武肺確診　還曾與森喜朗同席開會出版時間: 2020/03/17 更新時間: 2020/03/17 21:18【不斷更新】菲律賓新增兩死累計4人染疫亡　杜特蒂宣布國家進入緊急狀態出版時間: 2020/03/17 更新時間: 2020/03/17 21:09【不斷更新】美股3大期指漲近1%　歐股跌幅縮小出版時間: 2020/03/17 更新時間: 2020/03/17 20:55馬來西亞首現2起死亡病例　鎖國令引發民眾搶糧出版時間: 2020/03/17 更新時間: 2020/03/17 20:49【武肺分布圖】日、星等20國升至三級警示　三級區入境外國人取消免簽出版時間: 2020/03/17 更新時間: 2020/03/17 20:44高雄增3人確診被傳「鳳山趴趴走」　高市府：重罰造謠者出版時間: 2020/03/17 更新時間: 2020/03/17 20:43沙烏地原油出口將創新高　分析師警告油價跌至1字頭出版時間: 2020/03/17 更新時間: 2020/03/17 20:42【專家示警】德國官員估計武漢肺炎疫情將持續2年　難預測擴散速度出版時間: 2020/03/17 更新時間: 2020/03/17 20:18搭機赴美昨臉書PO照惹議　汽車名嘴喊冤：上周五因公出差出版時間: 2020/03/17 更新時間: 2020/03/17 20:18"],["topImageUrl",null],["error",null]]}]}],["createdAt","2020-03-17T13:27:38.875Z"]]}]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["article",{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["replyCount",1],["references",{"__iterable":"List","data":[{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["type","LINE"]]}]}],["replyRequestCount",3],["user",{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["id","j4S8C_xpwMw-S2qE1Jd4f6AwjPh8KqzGLPCQD1innQ2hucGeE"],["name","意志堅強的芎林維拉妮卡"],["avatarUrl",null],["level",0]]}],["hyperlinks",{"__iterable":"List","data":[{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","The Tip of the Iceberg: Virologist David Ho (BS '74) Speaks About COVID-19"],["url","https://www.caltech.edu/about/news/tip-iceberg-virologist-david-ho-bs-74-speaks-about-covid-19?fbclid=IwAR1XVnPHq82gD97Y2Y06FkIFzAtNNfopnMgqa98fHAwX7WHzHGyBVbnZlIQ](https://www.caltech.edu/about/news/tip-iceberg-virologist-david-ho-bs-74-speaks-about-covid-19?fbclid=IwAR1XVnPHq82gD97Y2Y06FkIFzAtNNfopnMgqa98fHAwX7WHzHGyBVbnZlIQ))"],["summary","As of March 20, more than 8,700 people worldwide had died of COVID-19, the disease caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Caltech trustee David Ho (BS '74) of the Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, Columbia University, says that this is just the tip of the iceberg. Ho, an expert on viral epidemics, has spent decades researching HIV/AIDS, having begun his career in Los Angeles, \"ground zero\" of the first outbreak, in the early 1980s. On March 18, Ho sat down with members of the Caltech community to discuss the novel coronavirus and the future of our society in the light of this global pandemic.Walk us through the spread of the virus in the United States. What does the country look like right now?Let me just give you a picture of what I see here in New York. About two weeks ago, we had our initial case, and now in New York City newly diagnosed confirmed cases are tripling every two days. In our New York Presbyterian Hospital, approximately 25 percent of the swab samples that are submitted for testing are positive. In the suburban communities outside of New York, approximately 10 percent of the swabs submitted are positive. So, the virus is everywhere. And in New York, we know that we are in the exponential growth phase of the epidemic.Looking back at what has transpired throughout the world, we saw the first wave hit China; the second wave hit South Korea, Italy, and Iran; and then, trailed by only about a week or so, France, Germany, Spain, and the U.S. We all know that China went through a period of great devastation. It has over 80,000 cases. Italy is rapidly catching up, with over 31,000 cases. We suspect that in the U.S. this will rapidly sweep from the coastal regions and it will hit middle America. It is already there, but we will see exponential growth very, very soon. Then of course we are all worried about what would happen when this epidemic strikes places like Africa and India where the health care system is less developed.Can you tell us about the pathology of the disease?COVID-19 typically causes fever and a dry cough. One may have aches in the body—the muscles—and if it's severe enough, there would be shortness of breath due to pneumonia.Gastrointestinal symptoms can occur and are an indication of more severe disease. It's not very common to have a runny nose or the sniffles, and a sore throat is not common either.The incubation period from exposure to onset of symptoms is between four and six days; and if you want to cover 95–98 percent of the cases it is between three and 10 days. It's pretty rare to have an incubation period outside of that range.What in particular makes this virus so dangerous?What is disturbing is that virus shedding, as detected in the mouth or nose, is very, very common and could be there prior to onset of symptoms. That's why transmission could occur from asymptomatic individuals. And virus shedding could continue for days up to three weeks after a person recovers. That is extremely worrisome for the spread of this virus. Furthermore, the stability of this virus is worrisome as well. If you put it in aerosol form and keep it in the air, the half-life is several hours; if you drop it on surfaces of copper or cardboard, it could survive about a day. But if it's on steel or plastic surfaces, you could still detect infectious virus after 72 hours, although the infectivity decreases with time.What do we know about the biology of the virus?The virus is highly related to another coronavirus called SARS coronavirus. That was another outbreak that occurred worldwide 17-18 years ago, and largely in China and Asia.The two viruses are about 80 percent identical. We know the origin of SARS was from a bat through an intermediary animal called the civet cat.Another virus called Middle Eastern Respiratory Virus, MERS, also originated in bats and infected camels, and camels passed it to humans. For COVID-19, we believe the original host must be a bat species, because that animal carries a virus that's 97 percent identical to what we're seeing now.Because of the SARS outbreak and the MERS outbreak, and research done on those two pathogens, we actually know quite a bit about coronaviruses.The outbreak began in China; how have they been dealing with the virus?This epidemic was first identified in a few cases with pneumonia in December 2019. In retrospect, there were scattered cases in November according to Chinese officials. I would say that initially there were missteps and lack of transparency that contributed to the explosive outbreak in the city of Wuhan in the central province of Hubei. That epidemic in central China accounts for 85 percent of the confirmed cases in China. It led Beijing officials to quarantine the entire province of 50 million people. The epidemic peaked in early February with 4,000 newly diagnosed cases each day. But since the lockdown and the various draconian measures applied, the number of new cases each day has been declining by half every week, and remarkably it's now down to about 20 per day. The rest of China's other provinces also applied very harsh measures and they indeed successfully flattened the curve outside of Hubei province.We know what they've done is not sustainable and the question is: What is China going to do now if it relaxes the infection control measures? Some of the recovered patients are still shedding virus and now China is surrounded by sick neighbors. Surely if they open up their borders, infection will come in the same way it came into the U.S. The world is waiting to see what China is going to do.Now in terms of the U.S., we obviously are undergoing exponential growth. The 10,400 confirmed cases is a gross underestimate. The lack of testing is embarrassing. It's an outright failure in leadership.What are the tests we need to detect coronavirus infection?Everybody's talking about testing and that's actually referring to PCR [polymerase chain reaction] testing, looking for viral RNA to determine whether a person is infected. But there's still no talk of antibody testing to determine which people have had it and are immune, and that is another crucial tool we need to combat this epidemic. Many research labs throughout the country—I'm sure at Caltech too—could be running antibody tests right now to survey the population and tell us what the real penetrance of this pathogen is in our communities. We are, on a research basis, embarking on that to understand the degree of infection in New York City and outside of New York City.How long before the U.S. sees test availability similar to what South Korea has implemented?The PCR testing, which is the one that's approved, is now ramping up very, very rapidly in state and local labs as well as in academic medical centers and in the commercial sector. Their production will grow tremendously. Roche has a machine that will run 1,000 samples at a time. If you go to a commercial lab, they take a swab, they package it, they quite often send it to another facility somewhere else. The turnaround time is typically 72 hours. In that period, it's very, very hard to manage patients and their contacts. It's a nightmare for the healthcare worker.We need point-of-care tests. Those kinds of tests are available for HIV and for many other diseases; you use a finger stick, drop the blood on a small device, and have a readout in 15 minutes. These tests measure antibody response to the virus and are extremely useful. Yet we don't have a single test licensed in the U.S. In China, in South Korea, and in Europe, those tests are used. The manufacturer for this rapid test is producing a million a day. It's there. But in the name of protecting the public, the FDA has moved very, very slowly. That delay, in my view, has caused more harm than good.Can you elaborate on point-of-care testing?It's almost like a home pregnancy test or home HIV test. These tests have been around for a long time. The test that I'm specifically referring to, coming out of China, South Korea, and approved in Europe, is an antibody test. You put a drop of blood on a plastic slide, add another drop of the buffer that comes with the test, and you let it sit for 15 minutes. Then, you look at the bands. You're negative if you have just one band, or you're positive if you have more than one band. The test also tells you type of antibody. There's a type of antibody called IgG [immunoglobulin G] and another type called IgM [immunoglobulin M]. Typically, when a person is infected, the IgM response is earlier and the IgG response is later. The two bands indicate the course of the infection.This kind of test is available all over the world for HIV. The technology is there, the tests are there. But they're not FDA approved. While I think they are fairly close to being approved, we have let several weeks go by and to me that's tragic.Will this coronavirus be seasonal?Everyone is asking whether this virus is here to stay. Initially, just based on what China did with SARS long ago, there was hope that warmer weather and more sunlight would help kill the virus in our environment and therefore lower the probability of transmission.But now this virus has gained such a strong foothold in the human population. It's already 25 times larger than SARS and it's already embedded in the Southern hemisphere. If you look at Australia, South Africa, Argentina, Brazil, there are cases there already, and community transmission is occurring. As the weather changes, perhaps the Northern hemisphere will gain an advantage. But the epidemic in the Southern hemisphere is going to accelerate.The long-term outcome may resemble influenza so that we have seasonal bouts, with the virus bouncing back and forth between the Northern and Southern hemispheres. This is of course just speculation, but that's what we see with influenza.Why does COVID-19 have less impact on children and more impact on the elderly?Well, the latter part is easy. Older people generally do less well with all sorts of respiratory infections, including influenza and SARS. So that's just the typical scenario we see. The children, however, are a mystery. As you know, children typically get flu or other respiratory viruses very quickly and bring them home to infect the parents. But in this particular case, the number of children infected in China, after extensive studies, don't seem to indicate that this is the case for this coronavirus.Some people seem to show mild symptoms while others have a more severe experience. Has the virus already mutated?RNA viruses all replicate with low fidelity. Mutations occur at pretty similar rates and these viruses typically don't have proofreading functions. In contrast, we replicate our DNA with high fidelity and we have a proofreading function to fix the errors. So, every time they replicate, there's a fixed rate of mutation. This virus is mutating but it has mutated very little so far. There are differences but probably they are functionally not important, so that's not the explanation for why you see different disease courses among the infected.For HIV it's the same thing: 10 people could be infected by the same strain but you have very different outcomes. With HIV, genetics and environmental factors play a role. Some of the genetics has been worked out; we know that there are certain tissue types that would protect and others that would harm. I suspect it's the same here.Once you become infected with the virus, can you get it again?There are a few anecdotes from China about re-infection but, if you look at those reports carefully, they're not well-documented. It could be that folks just continued to shed virus from the initial infection. Only one study was formally done and it is not a human study. It's a macaque study. They infected macaques with this virus, then waited until the monkeys recovered and tried to re-infect them. They could not. This just came out in the past few days. That bodes well for human immunity.We have now looked at a lot of serum from convalescent individuals and those serum samples have antibodies against the so-called spike protein of the virus. That's the protein that sits on the surface of the virus particle. By tightly binding, the antibody could neutralize the virus. Once an infected person develops antibodies, there should be protective immunity for quite some time. That's why we need to buy time for immunity to develop in the population.After a person recovers from the virus, how long are they still contagious?That's a very important question. We're not sure; one individual in China was shown to have persistent virus shedding for over a month. But typically, we're looking at a three-week period from onset of symptoms.What should we be doing to limit the spread of this epidemic?The social distancing and good hygiene strategies have been successfully applied, in South Korea for example, to bring their epidemic down. They're the only other country that has flattened the curve—slowed down the number of new infections to not overwhelm the healthcare system—and gradually brought this epidemic under control. There are many places that have done a pretty good job of not allowing the epidemic to explode, such as Taiwan and Hong Kong. These are places that had quite a bit of experience in fighting SARS, 17 years ago.Are you optimistic that these measures combined with research will be enough to combat the coronavirus?I personally believe we will blunt this epidemic, but I think we wasted a good four to six weeks largely because of lack of testing and lack of a certain preparedness. But I think we could still make a difference and bring it under control with very harsh measures.But again, are these measures sustainable? We've got to expect that businesses must reopen and schools must teach again. Whether it's travel or sports or live entertainment, we're going to have to return to some semblance of normalcy. But what are the measures that are effective and sustainable? That's a question we as a society have to deal with. We need to buy time so that gradually the population will have a degree of immunity.Most importantly, we need to buy time to allow science to deliver solutions. We're going to have to develop drugs, antibodies, and vaccines. I think the mobilization by the scientific community, from my perspective, is amazing. So many people have mobilized and jumped on this and are contributing, from discovering small-molecule drugs that could block various enzymes of this virus to coming up with antibodies that could neutralize the virus. Researchers have already come up with a few promising chemicals that could be a good start to drug development. There are already a few neutralizing antibodies isolated from infected individuals; my own group is in the midst of doing all that.And, of course, people are working on vaccines. A lot of companies are working on vaccines and those vaccines are at various stages. A couple are within weeks of entering human testing and that's quite, quite remarkable. There is one thing about vaccines, though: Some of the experiments previously done on SARS suggested that when animals developed antibodies and then were given the virus, they had greater lung injury due to the presence of the antibodies. The scientific community would have to resolve that issue quickly and its resolution would either halt the current approaches or unleash them to move full speed ahead. We certainly will take a part in doing that. I think we have the real possibility that COVID-19 may become a fact of life until science comes through as it has done for past epidemics.This is going to take some time. But I'm very confident that the science will rise to the task and provide a solution. But it's not going to be a few months as our president suggests. It's going to be much longer than that. I would say 18 months, or 24 months. I think we are all facing tough challenges ahead."],["topImageUrl",null],["error",null]]}]}],["text","一位北醫畢業目前在紐約當住院醫師的張銘凱醫師寫照顧COVID-19經驗，寫得非常棒，跟大家分享這篇文章：\n[經驗分享]\n我在紐約市的公立醫院擔任內科住院醫師即將完訓，七月開始會做美國感染科次專訓練。目前紐約災情慘重，我所在醫院確診加疑似病人就超過一百人，我這段其間都在顧ICU因此對於重症COVID的照顧也算有心得，我至少照顧過超過20位以上之住院病人，因為在ICU的關係大部分病人都插管，到目前為止，我應該比許多台灣醫生有武漢新冠肺炎治療之實戰經驗。因為台灣目前防疫做的非常好，多半輕症或無症狀隔離，但是我們隨時要準備如果已經是社區流行，那作為醫生該如何care這些病人，因此做個簡單的分享與教學，所以講解的對象應該是以臨床第一線之醫師或NP為主。但我要說很多evidence都不斷更新，以下是盡量有所依據的臨床處理方式，reference就不一一列舉，有些我可能覺得是一般臨床工作者應有的基本概念也許就沒有多加說明，如造成閱讀上不順暢，也請多多包涵。\n\n#流病學:相信台灣臨床醫生現在非常仰賴旅遊史畢竟沒有大規模社區感染，但是我要提醒的是如果有天已經大流行，旅遊史可能不是那麼重要了，懷疑就該驗。美國之前CDC一直很在意旅遊史而不隨意驗，結果後來發現根本大流行已經來不及了。在大爆發之前，可能會有一個空窗期就是很多原本我們以為低感染風險而沒有驗到的人，他們其實已經可能被感染。此外年輕人或沒有病史病人也非常多，這是在過去醫院前所未見的。在美國輕症就算陽性也不會住院讓他們回家，所以我所看到是真正的病人，我們已經擴充非常多病房了，但是病人真的很多，感染力真的很強要小心！至今我們已經有三個住院醫師中獎了。\n\n#臨床表現:除了發燒咳等呼吸道症狀，還常有拉肚子等GI症狀，我要特別提醒很多病人會有\"味覺失調或消失\"的症狀，這不是鼻塞引起的味覺降低。很多文獻少提味覺問題，但是一定要注意，這可能是一個sign就該檢驗。此外有些病人會表達胸痛，不一定就是很嚴重的myocarditis，就純粹是無法解釋的胸痛，但還是會建議驗一下CPK/Trop。這個病毒的潛伏期根據我看到的paper，大概平均是五天多，當然最長可能兩個禮拜，不過我現在講的是一個常態分佈的結果，你要算到最嚴苛標準，也許就兩個禮拜，但是平均還是五天多，所以你如果有接觸史，過了一個禮拜還是沒發病，你大概就safe了。\n\n#抽血:CBC(不一定會leukocytosis，反而容易lymphocytopenia and or thrombocytopenia), 常transaminitis(GOT/GPT高)。我們會大概三天監測一次Ferritin, ESR/CRP, LDH, D-dimer來觀察對藥物反應。基本blood culture, HIV, urine Legionella/strep pneumonia最好也住院時驗一下排除其他問題。\n\n#影像:CXR bilateral infiltrations。相信大家一定常常不知道病人什麼問題但是看到CXR有點白白髒髒就當肺炎收進來打抗生素住院(其實可能根本不明顯)。我要說的是這些COVID住院病人，不會只是CXR微微白白髒髒，而是一看就是明顯兩側蔓延，在我住院醫師期間真的從來沒有看到那麼多CXR都是長這個樣子的，現在我幾乎可以看到CXR就診斷。至於CT chest雖然比較清楚，但是我認為不需要，因為大部分CXR就很明顯了，加上抽血上述markers等等就算PCR還沒有等到就可以很有把握診斷了。安排CT chest只會讓醫院感控暴露風險(因為機器要大消毒，浪費時間也可能使真正需要CT的人沒辦法照到)\n\n#氧氣治療方面:如果有SOB or hypoxia，當然要監測O2 sat.一開始nasal cannula, simple mask 下一個nonrebreather mask，中間不要試BiPAP/CPAP/High flow NC你就要early intubation了！因為BiPAP等會有把病毒釋放出來空氣傳播的風險。而且COVID病人desaturation or decompensation進展真的非常快！sat keep不住就要early intubation。另外不要使用neubulizer等會霧化的藥物治療，如需支氣管闊張劑可以用MDI手壓的pump。另外ARDS常用的臥趴姿勢prone position效果感覺非常好，病人一prone血氧真的會稍微提升，有些病人甚至沒有被插管的，血氧稍微差一點的我們就會叫他趕快趴著!還真的很有用。很多插管病人我們也會給他prone，我看討論串好像台灣不是很喜歡prone因為很耗費護理師人力，不過至少我在我們醫院我看到是一大早三個主治醫師就一起合力把病人翻姿勢，其實美國醫師工作也是很辛苦的。\n\n#藥物治療:\n\n1.我知道很多診所喜歡開類固醇給\"感冒\"的病人，但是絕對要避免因為類固醇有延長viral shedding的副作用，之前在MERS等病人的研究也是類固醇壞處大於好處，因此使用類固醇除非是有其indication才用(例如septic shock等等)。\n\n2.高劑量Statin似乎有研究對防止病毒結合有幫助，因此如果LFT, CK允許可以考慮使用(lipitor 40 or 80, etc)。\n\n3.Litonavir愛滋病藥物nejm已經發表確定沒用。\n\n4.在美國我們幾乎每個病人都會給hydroxychloroquine(400mg bid for a day, then 200mg bid for 4 days)會影響lysosome fusion抑制病毒, 使用藥物前一定要EKG，如果QTc>500就不要用。我們醫院現在不加azithromycin了因為兩個一起用會延長QTc就有致死案例。對於法國研究Hydroxychloroquine+azithro很好但是我保持樂觀態度，那個研究病人量很少(n=21)，而且我實際臨床經驗覺得幫助好像有限，但是因為in vitro研究有效，我們還是會給病人就是了！\n\nCOVID似乎會跟其他呼吸道病毒一起co-infection所以還是要驗一下flu, 但是如果flu negative也不需要給tamiflu因為對covid無效。除了病毒還常bacterial superinfection，所以我們幾乎還是會給抗細菌抗生素，macrolide or levofloxacin擔心prolong QT所以我們醫院現在給doxycycline。記得驗一下Urine Legionella因為跟covid一樣都常有GI症狀。\n\n5.Remdesivir在美國第一個case就是靠這個治好的，各國都在臨床試驗中，我個人很看好，我們醫院也要開始實驗這個了...\n\n6.日本藥favipiravir聽說也很成功但是因為我在美國比較不熟。\n\n7.很多COVID病人為什麼這麼sick，明明年輕人卻full blown ARDS比老人更嚴重，因為很多是cytokine release syndrome的關係。所以IL-6 inhibitor如tocilizumab or sarilumab本來治rheumatoid arthritis的生物製劑或許也有用。現階段也還在臨床試驗中，可以抽血IL-6監測。聽說MGH用tocilizumab，而我的醫院也要開始臨床試驗sarilumab\n\n#Code status：COVID大部分還是胸腔性疾病，很多就是插管呼吸器ARDS mode來治療，因此插管是很重要的環節。但是有些運氣不是很好的病人，多重器官衰竭等等突然coded需要CPR的情況，這對醫療團隊來說是暴露極高風險甚至多半可能徒勞。我認為有必要一開始就要跟病人談好DNR，這不代表就要DNI，該插管還是要插管，但是真的不幸心跳停止等，要量力而為。\n\n#醫院管理：至少在紐約我們的物資設備都輸台灣很多也嚴重不足，不過也許可以給台灣要是不幸疫情大爆發做個借鏡。現在醫院幾乎都是COVID病人，也不可能一人一間病房了，因此直接把COVID病人直接放在同一間房間，反正都得病了也不怕被感染了。不過還是建議最好病房的門是有窗戶的至少從外面看進去可以知道病人好不好，而且就我剛剛所說，病人原本可能好好的就突然血氧掉非常喘需要趕快插管，每個住院病人真的像未爆彈。另外ICU病人因為常常有很多pump點滴，護理師要一直進出隔離房不方便穿脫PPE，可以考慮直接把pump放在房間外面，點滴線延長出去就好，這樣如果護理師要調sedation or pressors等等就可以不用進入房間更改設定。\n\n#國家防疫：現階段台灣防疫做很好，還在containment的階段，就是把最有可能的人抓出來隔離，但是對於平均每個個案的隔離成本很高，國家也很不容易控制，目前台灣有兩百多的個案，但是某天要是慢慢累積好幾百個病人甚至破千，我們也許就要調整策略，因為把全部只要是陽性的病人都抓到醫院關那是不可能的，台灣沒有那麼多的醫療能量，也不能這樣浪費，而且輕症染病的病人，要多久PCR會轉陰性，我還沒看到研究統計出來，應該也很少人會做這樣研究，因為很少國家會像台灣如此嚴格標準檢疫隔離的，就好像今天得influenza A，如果不太嚴重也是讓病人回家，病癒就是病癒，一般醫師也不會再重複flu swab；同樣如果有C.diff病人，把PO Vanc的療程吃完沒有再拉肚子，你也是當作好了不會再去驗糞便。個人覺得台灣可以把輕症病人平均多久時間PCR轉陰性做個統計發表研究。我最近看了世界著名病毒學專家何大一博士的專訪([https://www.caltech.edu/about/news/tip-iceberg-virologist-david-ho-bs-74-speaks-about-covid-19?fbclid=IwAR1XVnPHq82gD97Y2Y06FkIFzAtNNfopnMgqa98fHAwX7WHzHGyBVbnZlIQ](https://www.caltech.edu/about/news/tip-iceberg-virologist-david-ho-bs-74-speaks-about-covid-19?fbclid=IwAR1XVnPHq82gD97Y2Y06FkIFzAtNNfopnMgqa98fHAwX7WHzHGyBVbnZlIQ)) 個人覺得這篇寫得不錯，裡面他就有寫到目前也不知道陽性的病人過多久後才不會有傳染力，他說猜測大概三週。至於已經得過COVID的病人之後會不會再重複感染，他是覺得應該是不會，也就是現在所有的防疫工作，就是在爭取時間讓疫苗可以製造出來讓群體都可以有保護效果。現階段幾乎的國家都大爆發，就不可能像台灣還在containment的防疫階段，因為你要假設所有人都有可能是病人，那能做的就是#緩和曲線了flatten the curve，我覺得這個概念相當重要\n\n，基本上就是拖延戰術，減少不必要的社交和聚集，要social distancing，不必要的商業活動要停止，電影院酒吧夜店要關，餐廳只能外帶等等，這可以避免加速接觸感染，讓病人增加量不要達這麼快一下超出醫療能負荷的數量避免醫療崩壞，很多國家都在這麼做了，目前聽起來表現比較好的國家像是南韓，雖然他們一開始防疫沒有做好導致非常多人得病，但是經過大規模檢驗，還有避免出門要待在家等等，目前疫情也有和緩的趨勢，算是亡羊補牢，也不是不行。台灣目前表現全球數一數二，但是我們總是要做最壞的準備跟打算。\n\n#後記：沒想到一下就寫這麼多，這算是我第一線醫療工作者的紀實與經驗分享，目前紐約疫情雖然已嚴重崩壞，但實際上還只是開始而已不見緩和。不過美國參戰之後相信會有更多醫學研究與臨床治療準則可以參考，實際上也不完全是壞事。你問我會不會怕我每天也是提心吊膽的，都很怕生病，每天都要很注意自己的身體狀態，但偏偏美國住院醫師工時非常長(週休一日而已也沒有PM off)又不斷把我們明明不是在病房rotate的時候抓來上班取消我們的門診等等，我都盡量多休息有時間就睡覺保持免疫力。現在在醫院其實也是看到很多恐慌的面孔，我們醫院是公立醫院，平常病人多為社會最底層的人，吸毒的、遊民的、酗酒的，總之各種問題台灣一個比較健康的社會大概很難想像是一個怎麼樣的場所。不過最近因為COVID病人大爆發，我發現很多可能社會上的一般人或中產階級，他們可能是警察、可能是清潔工、就某天感染病毒生病了，這時候醫護站起來照顧他們治療他們，讓他們免於恐懼，這是作為醫學生涯也算比較榮光的時候，因為我們平常的訓練，就在這時候派上用場，也算是找到一點點行醫的意義跟價值。可以平安地活著其實就很好。目前台灣社會可以安全的生活著也真的很好。"],["id","ioxspw9mf0sf"],["createdAt","2020-03-29T01:46:42.817Z"]]}],["reply",{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["id","zQnmKXEBrhVJn3LNnVt-"],["user",{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["id","r_6F7mcBP8WrztivFgAI"],["name","Pei-Chi Lo"],["avatarUrl",null],["level",14]]}],["type","NOT_RUMOR"],["text","這篇文章的確是正在紐約市公立醫院擔任內科住院醫師的張凱銘2020年3月27日於FB的貼文，是該住院醫師的臨床實戰經驗分享、醫師間教學交流之用。\n　\n經查，有提及文獻部分皆有對應論文，連結如下。"],["reference","2020年3月20日刊在國際抗微生物劑雜誌的文章，說明法國Hydroxychloroquine+azithro臨床試驗結果：(36人的小型試驗)\nhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0924857920300996\n　\n2020年3月20日刊在mBio的文章，認為中國與各國應進行研究，確認Statin等可否提高生存率：\nhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32198163\n　\n2020年3月18日刊在新英格蘭醫學雜誌的文章，說明愛滋用藥lopinavir–ritonavir用於住院重症的COVID-19患者並未觀察到額外益處：\nhttps://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa2001282\n\n2020年2月WHO與中國聯合任務專家組報告，P12提及潛伏期平均是5-6天，最長14天：\nhttps://www.who.int/docs/default-source/coronaviruse/who-china-joint-mission-on-covid-19-final-report.pdf\n\n2020年1月31日刊在新英格蘭醫學雜誌的文章，說明美國第一例確診病人使用Remdesivir：\nhttps://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa2001191\n　\n2018年3月15日刊在美國呼吸和重症監護醫學雜誌的文章，提到MERS病人用類固醇治療可能風險大於益處：\nhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29227752\n\nFavipiravir的效果在中、日、韓評價不同：\nhttps://cofacts.g0v.tw/article/kdmr185e5ut2\n\n--\n2020年3月27日張凱銘原始FB貼文連結：\nhttps://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=3096597913707226"],["hyperlinks",{"__iterable":"List","data":[{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","Hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin as a treatment of COVID-19: results of an open-label non-randomized clinical trial"],["url","https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0924857920300996"],["summary","AbstractBackgroundChloroquine and hydroxychloroquine have been found to be efficient on SARS-CoV-2, and reported to be efficient in Chinese COV-19 patients. We evaluate the role of hydroxychloroquine on respiratory viral loads.Patients and methodsFrench Confirmed COVID-19 patients were included in a single arm protocol from early March to March 16th, to receive 600mg of hydroxychloroquine daily and their viral load in nasopharyngeal swabs was tested daily in a hospital setting. Depending on their clinical presentation, azithromycin was added to the treatment. Untreated patients from another center and cases refusing the protocol were included as negative controls. Presence and absence of virus at Day6-post inclusion was considered the end point.ResultsSix patients were asymptomatic, 22 had upper respiratory tract infection symptoms and eight had lower respiratory tract infection symptoms.Twenty cases were treated in this study and showed a significant reduction of the viral carriage at D6-post inclusion compared to controls, and much lower average carrying duration than reported of untreated patients in the literature. Azithromycin added to hydroxychloroquine was significantly more efficient for virus elimination.ConclusionDespite its small sample size our survey shows that hydroxychloroquine treatment is significantly associated with viral load reduction/disappearance in COVID-19 patients and its effect is reinforced by azithromycin.Key words2019-nCoVSARS-CoV-2COVID-19hydroxychloroquineazithomycinclinical trialLoading...View Abstract© 2020 Published by Elsevier B.V."],["topImageUrl",null],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","Hiding in Plain Sight: an Approach to Treating Patients with Severe COVID-19 Infection. - PubMed"],["url","https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32198163"],["summary","mBio. 2020 Mar 20;11(2). pii: e00398-20. doi: 10.1128/mBio.00398-20.Author information157, chemin du Lavoir, Sergy Haut, France davidsfedson@gmail.com.2Department of Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA.3Fyordgata 59, Trondheim, Norway.AbstractPatients with COVID-19 infection are at risk of acute respiratory disease syndrome (ARDS) and death. The tissue receptor for COVID-19 is ACE2, and higher levels of ACE2 can protect against ARDS. Angiotensin receptor blockers and statins upregulate ACE2. Clinical trials are needed to determine whether this drug combination might be used to treat patients with severe COVID-19 infection.Copyright © 2020 Fedson et al.KEYWORDS: COVID-19; endothelial dysfunction; generic drugs; host response treatment [Indexed for MEDLINE] Free full textMeSH terms, Substances, Supplementary conceptsMeSH termsAngiotensin II Type 2 Receptor Blockers/therapeutic useBetacoronavirus*Coronavirus Infections/metabolism*Coronavirus Infections/therapy*Coronavirus Infections/virologyHumansHydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors/therapeutic usePeptidyl-Dipeptidase A/metabolismPneumonia, Viral/metabolism*Pneumonia, Viral/therapy*Pneumonia, Viral/virologyReceptor, Angiotensin, Type 2/biosynthesis*Receptors, Virus/biosynthesis*SubstancesAGTR2 protein, humanAngiotensin II Type 2 Receptor BlockersHydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase InhibitorsReceptor, Angiotensin, Type 2Receptors, Viruscoronavirus receptorsPeptidyl-Dipeptidase Aangiotensin converting enzyme 2Supplementary conceptsCOVID-19severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2"],["topImageUrl",null],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","A Trial of Lopinavir–Ritonavir in Adults Hospitalized with Severe Covid-19"],["url","https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa2001282"],["summary","logo-32"],["topImageUrl",null],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title",""],["url","https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/coronaviruse/who-china-joint-mission-on-covid-19-final-report.pdf"],["summary",""],["topImageUrl",null],["error","UNSUPPORTED"]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","First Case of 2019 Novel Coronavirus in the United States"],["url","https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa2001191"],["summary","Original ArticleBrief ReportList of authors.Michelle L. Holshue, M.P.H., Chas DeBolt, M.P.H., Scott Lindquist, M.D., Kathy H. Lofy, M.D., John Wiesman, Dr.P.H., Hollianne Bruce, M.P.H., Christopher Spitters, M.D., Keith Ericson, P.A.-C., Sara Wilkerson, M.N., Ahmet Tural, M.D., George Diaz, M.D., Amanda Cohn, M.D., LeAnne Fox, M.D., Anita Patel, Pharm.D., Susan I. Gerber, M.D., Lindsay Kim, M.D., Suxiang Tong, Ph.D., Xiaoyan Lu, M.S., Steve Lindstrom, Ph.D., Mark A. Pallansch, Ph.D., William C. Weldon, Ph.D., Holly M. Biggs, M.D., Timothy M. Uyeki, M.D., and Satish K. Pillai, M.D. for the Washington State 2019-nCoV Case Investigation Team*\n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n\n \n \n \n Article\n \n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n Figures/Media\n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n Metrics\n \n \n \n \n\n \n\n \n \n 20 ReferencesSummary An outbreak of novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) that began in Wuhan, China, has spread rapidly, with cases now confirmed in multiple countries. We report the first case of 2019-nCoV infection confirmed in the United States and describe the identification, diagnosis, clinical course, and management of the case, including the patient’s initial mild symptoms at presentation with progression to pneumonia on day 9 of illness. This case highlights the importance of close coordination between clinicians and public health authorities at the local, state, and federal levels, as well as the need for rapid dissemination of clinical information related to the care of patients with this emerging infection. IntroductionOn December 31, 2019, China reported a cluster of cases of pneumonia in people associated with the Huanan Seafood Wholesale Market in Wuhan, Hubei Province.1 On January 7, 2020, Chinese health authorities confirmed that this cluster was associated with a novel coronavirus, 2019-nCoV.2 Although cases were originally reported to be associated with exposure to the seafood market in Wuhan, current epidemiologic data indicate that person-to-person transmission of 2019-nCoV is occurring.3-6 As of January 30, 2020, a total of 9976 cases had been reported in at least 21 countries,7 including the first confirmed case of 2019-nCoV infection in the United States, reported on January 20, 2020. Investigations are under way worldwide to better understand transmission dynamics and the spectrum of clinical illness. This report describes the epidemiologic and clinical features of the first case of 2019-nCoV infection confirmed in the United States. Case Report On January 19, 2020, a 35-year-old man presented to an urgent care clinic in Snohomish County, Washington, with a 4-day history of cough and subjective fever. On checking into the clinic, the patient put on a mask in the waiting room. After waiting approximately 20 minutes, he was taken into an examination room and underwent evaluation by a provider. He disclosed that he had returned to Washington State on January 15 after traveling to visit family in Wuhan, China. The patient stated that he had seen a health alert from the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) about the novel coronavirus outbreak in China and, because of his symptoms and recent travel, decided to see a health care provider. Figure 1. Figure 1. Posteroanterior and Lateral Chest Radiographs, January 19, 2020 (Illness Day 4). No thoracic abnormalities were noted. Apart from a history of hypertriglyceridemia, the patient was an otherwise healthy nonsmoker. The physical examination revealed a body temperature of 37.2°C, blood pressure of 134/87 mm Hg, pulse of 110 beats per minute, respiratory rate of 16 breaths per minute, and oxygen saturation of 96% while the patient was breathing ambient air. Lung auscultation revealed rhonchi, and chest radiography was performed, which was reported as showing no abnormalities (Figure 1). A rapid nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT) for influenza A and B was negative. A nasopharyngeal swab specimen was obtained and sent for detection of viral respiratory pathogens by NAAT; this was reported back within 48 hours as negative for all pathogens tested, including influenza A and B, parainfluenza, respiratory syncytial virus, rhinovirus, adenovirus, and four common coronavirus strains known to cause illness in humans (HKU1, NL63, 229E, and OC43). Given the patient’s travel history, the local and state health departments were immediately notified. Together with the urgent care clinician, the Washington Department of Health notified the CDC Emergency Operations Center. Although the patient reported that he had not spent time at the Huanan seafood market and reported no known contact with ill persons during his travel to China, CDC staff concurred with the need to test the patient for 2019-nCoV on the basis of current CDC “persons under investigation” case definitions.8 Specimens were collected in accordance with CDC guidance and included serum and nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swab specimens. After specimen collection, the patient was discharged to home isolation with active monitoring by the local health department. On January 20, 2020, the CDC confirmed that the patient’s nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swabs tested positive for 2019-nCoV by real-time reverse-transcriptase–polymerase-chain-reaction (rRT-PCR) assay. In coordination with CDC subject-matter experts, state and local health officials, emergency medical services, and hospital leadership and staff, the patient was admitted to an airborne-isolation unit at Providence Regional Medical Center for clinical observation, with health care workers following CDC recommendations for contact, droplet, and airborne precautions with eye protection.9 On admission, the patient reported persistent dry cough and a 2-day history of nausea and vomiting; he reported that he had no shortness of breath or chest pain. Vital signs were within normal ranges. On physical examination, the patient was found to have dry mucous membranes. The remainder of the examination was generally unremarkable. After admission, the patient received supportive care, including 2 liters of normal saline and ondansetron for nausea. Figure 2. Figure 2. Symptoms and Maximum Body Temperatures According to Day of Illness and Day of Hospitalization, January 16 to January 30, 2020. On days 2 through 5 of hospitalization (days 6 through 9 of illness), the patient’s vital signs remained largely stable, apart from the development of intermittent fevers accompanied by periods of tachycardia (Figure 2). The patient continued to report a nonproductive cough and appeared fatigued. On the afternoon of hospital day 2, the patient passed a loose bowel movement and reported abdominal discomfort. A second episode of loose stool was reported overnight; a sample of this stool was collected for rRT-PCR testing, along with additional respiratory specimens (nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal) and serum. The stool and both respiratory specimens later tested positive by rRT-PCR for 2019-nCoV, whereas the serum remained negative. Treatment during this time was largely supportive. For symptom management, the patient received, as needed, antipyretic therapy consisting of 650 mg of acetaminophen every 4 hours and 600 mg of ibuprofen every 6 hours. He also received 600 mg of guaifenesin for his continued cough and approximately 6 liters of normal saline over the first 6 days of hospitalization. Table 1. Table 1. Clinical Laboratory Results. The nature of the patient isolation unit permitted only point-of-care laboratory testing initially; complete blood counts and serum chemical studies were available starting on hospital day 3. Laboratory results on hospital days 3 and 5 (illness days 7 and 9) reflected leukopenia, mild thrombocytopenia, and elevated levels of creatine kinase (Table 1). In addition, there were alterations in hepatic function measures: levels of alkaline phosphatase (68 U per liter), alanine aminotransferase (105 U per liter), aspartate aminotransferase (77 U per liter), and lactate dehydrogenase (465 U per liter) were all elevated on day 5 of hospitalization. Given the patient’s recurrent fevers, blood cultures were obtained on day 4; these have shown no growth to date. Figure 3. Figure 3. Posteroanterior and Lateral Chest Radiographs, January 22, 2020 (Illness Day 7, Hospital Day 3). No acute intrathoracic plain-film abnormality was noted. Figure 4. Figure 4. Posteroanterior Chest Radiograph, January 24, 2020 (Illness Day 9, Hospital Day 5). Increasing left basilar opacity was visible, arousing concern about pneumonia. A chest radiograph taken on hospital day 3 (illness day 7) was reported as showing no evidence of infiltrates or abnormalities (Figure 3). However, a second chest radiograph from the night of hospital day 5 (illness day 9) showed evidence of pneumonia in the lower lobe of the left lung (Figure 4). These radiographic findings coincided with a change in respiratory status starting on the evening of hospital day 5, when the patient’s oxygen saturation values as measured by pulse oximetry dropped to as low as 90% while he was breathing ambient air. On day 6, the patient was started on supplemental oxygen, delivered by nasal cannula at 2 liters per minute. Given the changing clinical presentation and concern about hospital-acquired pneumonia, treatment with vancomycin (a 1750-mg loading dose followed by 1 g administered intravenously every 8 hours) and cefepime (administered intravenously every 8 hours) was initiated. Figure 5. Figure 5. Anteroposterior and Lateral Chest Radiographs, January 26, 2020 (Illness Day 10, Hospital Day 6). Stable streaky opacities in the lung bases were visible, indicating likely atypical pneumonia; the opacities have steadily increased in density over time. On hospital day 6 (illness day 10), a fourth chest radiograph showed basilar streaky opacities in both lungs, a finding consistent with atypical pneumonia (Figure 5), and rales were noted in both lungs on auscultation. Given the radiographic findings, the decision to administer oxygen supplementation, the patient’s ongoing fevers, the persistent positive 2019-nCoV RNA at multiple sites, and published reports of the development of severe pneumonia3,4 at a period consistent with the development of radiographic pneumonia in this patient, clinicians pursued compassionate use of an investigational antiviral therapy. Treatment with intravenous remdesivir (a novel nucleotide analogue prodrug in development10,11) was initiated on the evening of day 7, and no adverse events were observed in association with the infusion. Vancomycin was discontinued on the evening of day 7, and cefepime was discontinued on the following day, after serial negative procalcitonin levels and negative nasal PCR testing for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. On hospital day 8 (illness day 12), the patient’s clinical condition improved. Supplemental oxygen was discontinued, and his oxygen saturation values improved to 94 to 96% while he was breathing ambient air. The previous bilateral lower-lobe rales were no longer present. His appetite improved, and he was asymptomatic aside from intermittent dry cough and rhinorrhea. As of January 30, 2020, the patient remains hospitalized. He is afebrile, and all symptoms have resolved with the exception of his cough, which is decreasing in severity. Methods Specimen Collection Clinical specimens for 2019-nCoV diagnostic testing were obtained in accordance with CDC guidelines.12 Nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swab specimens were collected with synthetic fiber swabs; each swab was inserted into a separate sterile tube containing 2 to 3 ml of viral transport medium. Serum was collected in a serum separator tube and then centrifuged in accordance with CDC guidelines. The urine and stool specimens were each collected in sterile specimen containers. Specimens were stored between 2°C and 8°C until ready for shipment to the CDC. Specimens for repeat 2019-nCoV testing were collected on illness days 7, 11, and 12 and included nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swabs, serum, and urine and stool samples. Diagnostic Testing for 2019-nCoV Clinical specimens were tested with an rRT-PCR assay that was developed from the publicly released virus sequence. Similar to previous diagnostic assays for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), it has three nucleocapsid gene targets and a positive control target. A description of this assay13 and sequence information for the rRT-PCR panel primers and probes14 are available on the CDC Laboratory Information website for 2019-nCoV.15 Genetic Sequencing On January 7, 2020, Chinese researchers shared the full genetic sequence of 2019-nCoV through the National Institutes of Health GenBank database16 and the Global Initiative on Sharing All Influenza Data (GISAID)17 database; a report about the isolation of 2019-nCoV was later published.18 Nucleic acid was extracted from rRT-PCR–positive specimens (oropharyngeal and nasopharyngeal) and used for whole-genome sequencing on both Sanger and next-generation sequencing platforms (Illumina and MinIon). Sequence assembly was completed with the use of Sequencher software, version 5.4.6 (Sanger); minimap software, version 2.17 (MinIon); and freebayes software, version 1.3.1 (MiSeq). Complete genomes were compared with the available 2019-nCoV reference sequence (GenBank accession number NC_045512.2). Results Specimen Testing for 2019-nCoV Table 2. Table 2. Results of Real-Time Reverse-Transcriptase–Polymerase-Chain-Reaction Testing for the 2019 Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV). The initial respiratory specimens (nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swabs) obtained from this patient on day 4 of his illness were positive for 2019-nCoV (Table 2). The low cycle threshold (Ct) values (18 to 20 in nasopharyngeal specimens and 21 to 22 in oropharyngeal specimens) on illness day 4 suggest high levels of virus in these specimens, despite the patient’s initial mild symptom presentation. Both upper respiratory specimens obtained on illness day 7 remained positive for 2019-nCoV, including persistent high levels in a nasopharyngeal swab specimen (Ct values, 23 to 24). Stool obtained on illness day 7 was also positive for 2019-nCoV (Ct values, 36 to 38). Serum specimens for both collection dates were negative for 2019-nCoV. Nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal specimens obtained on illness days 11 and 12 showed a trend toward decreasing levels of virus. The oropharyngeal specimen tested negative for 2019-nCoV on illness day 12. The rRT-PCR results for serum obtained on these dates are still pending. Genetic Sequencing The full genome sequences from oropharyngeal and nasopharyngeal specimens were identical to one another and were nearly identical to other available 2019-nCoV sequences. There were only 3 nucleotides and 1 amino acid that differed at open reading frame 8 between this patient’s virus and the 2019-nCoV reference sequence (NC_045512.2). The sequence is available through GenBank (accession number MN985325).16 Discussion Our report of the first confirmed case of 2019-nCoV in the United States illustrates several aspects of this emerging outbreak that are not yet fully understood, including transmission dynamics and the full spectrum of clinical illness. Our case patient had traveled to Wuhan, China, but reported that he had not visited the wholesale seafood market or health care facilities or had any sick contacts during his stay in Wuhan. Although the source of his 2019-nCoV infection is unknown, evidence of person-to-person transmission has been published. Through January 30, 2020, no secondary cases of 2019-nCoV related to this case have been identified, but monitoring of close contacts continues.19 Detection of 2019-nCoV RNA in specimens from the upper respiratory tract with low Ct values on day 4 and day 7 of illness is suggestive of high viral loads and potential for transmissibility. It is notable that we also detected 2019-nCoV RNA in a stool specimen collected on day 7 of the patient’s illness. Although serum specimens from our case patient were repeatedly negative for 2019-nCoV, viral RNA has been detected in blood in severely ill patients in China.4 However, extrapulmonary detection of viral RNA does not necessarily mean that infectious virus is present, and the clinical significance of the detection of viral RNA outside the respiratory tract is unknown at this time. Currently, our understanding of the clinical spectrum of 2019-nCoV infection is very limited. Complications such as severe pneumonia, respiratory failure, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and cardiac injury, including fatal outcomes, have been reported in China.4,18,20 However, it is important to note that these cases were identified on the basis of their pneumonia diagnosis and thus may bias reporting toward more severe outcomes. Our case patient initially presented with mild cough and low-grade intermittent fevers, without evidence of pneumonia on chest radiography on day 4 of his illness, before having progression to pneumonia by illness day 9. These nonspecific signs and symptoms of mild illness early in the clinical course of 2019-nCoV infection may be indistinguishable clinically from many other common infectious diseases, particularly during the winter respiratory virus season. In addition, the timing of our case patient’s progression to pneumonia on day 9 of illness is consistent with later onset of dyspnea (at a median of 8 days from onset) reported in a recent publication.4 Although a decision to administer remdesivir for compassionate use was based on the case patient’s worsening clinical status, randomized controlled trials are needed to determine the safety and efficacy of remdesivir and any other investigational agents for treatment of patients with 2019-nCoV infection. We report the clinical features of the first reported patient with 2019-nCoV infection in the United States. Key aspects of this case included the decision made by the patient to seek medical attention after reading public health warnings about the outbreak; recognition of the patient’s recent travel history to Wuhan by local providers, with subsequent coordination among local, state, and federal public health officials; and identification of possible 2019-nCoV infection, which allowed for prompt isolation of the patient and subsequent laboratory confirmation of 2019-nCoV, as well as for admission of the patient for further evaluation and management. This case report highlights the importance of clinicians eliciting a recent history of travel or exposure to sick contacts in any patient presenting for medical care with acute illness symptoms, in order to ensure appropriate identification and prompt isolation of patients who may be at risk for 2019-nCoV infection and to help reduce further transmission. Finally, this report highlights the need to determine the full spectrum and natural history of clinical disease, pathogenesis, and duration of viral shedding associated with 2019-nCoV infection to inform clinical management and public health decision making. \n Funding and Disclosures The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.This article was published on January 31, 2020, at NEJM.org.We thank the patient; the nurses and clinical staff who are providing care for the patient; staff at the local and state health departments; staff at the Washington State Department of Health Public Health Laboratories and at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Division of Viral Disease Laboratory; CDC staff at the Emergency Operations Center; and members of the 2019-nCoV response teams at the local, state, and national levels.Author AffiliationsFrom the Epidemic Intelligence Service (M.L.H.), the National Center for Immunizations and Respiratory Diseases (A.C., L.F., A.P.), the Division of Viral Diseases (S.I.G., L.K., S.T., X.L., S. Lindstrom, M.A.P., W.C.W., H.M.B.), the Influenza Division (T.M.U.), and the Division of Preparedness and Emerging Infections (S.K.P.), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta; and the Washington State Department of Health, Shoreline (M.L.H., C.D., S. Lindquist, K.H.L., J.W.), Snohomish Health District (H.B., C.S.), Providence Medical Group (K.E.), and Providence Regional Medical Center (S.W., A.T., G.D.), Everett, and Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle (C.S.) — all in Washington.Address reprint requests to Ms. Holshue at the Washington State Department of Health Public Health Laboratories, 1610 NE 150th St., Shoreline, WA 98155, or at michelle.holshue@doh.wa.gov. A full list of the members of the Washington State 2019-nCoV Case Investigation Team is provided in the Supplementary Appendix, available at NEJM.org. \n Supplementary Material\n References (20)1. World Health Organization. Pneumonia of unknown cause — China. 2020 (https://www.who.int/csr/don/05-january-2020-pneumonia-of-unkown-cause-china/en/. opens in new tab).2. World Health Organization. Novel coronavirus — China. 2020 (https://www.who.int/csr/don/12-january-2020-novel-coronavirus-china/en/. opens in new tab).3. Chan JF-W, Yuan S, Kok K-H, et al. A familial cluster of pneumonia associated with the 2019 novel coronavirus indicating person-to-person transmission: a study of a family cluster. Lancet 2020 January 24 (Epub ahead of print).4. Huang C, Wang Y, Li X, et al. Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China. Lancet 2020 January 24 (Epub ahead of print).5. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 2019 Novel coronavirus, Wuhan, China: 2019-nCoV situation summary. January 28, 2020 (https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-nCoV/summary.html. opens in new tab).6. Phan LT, Nguyen TV, Luong QC, et al. Importation and human-to-human transmission of a novel coronavirus in Vietnam. N Engl J Med. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMc2001272.7. Johns Hopkins University CSSE. Wuhan coronavirus (2019-nCoV) global cases (https://gisanddata.maps.arcgis.com/apps/opsdashboard/index.html#/bda7594740fd40299423467b48e9ecf6. opens in new tab).8. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Interim guidance for healthcare professionals: criteria to guide evaluation of patients under investigation (PUI) for 2019-nCoV. 2020 (https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-nCoV/clinical-criteria.html. opens in new tab).9. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Infection control. 2019 Novel coronavirus, Wuhan, China. 2020 (https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-nCoV/infection-control.html. opens in new tab).10. Mulangu S, Dodd LE, Davey RT Jr, et al. A randomized, controlled trial of ebola virus disease therapeutics. N Engl J Med 2019;381:2293-2303.11. Sheahan TP, Sims AC, Leist SR, et al. Comparative therapeutic efficacy of remdesivir and combination lopinavir, ritonavir, and interferon beta against MERS-CoV. Nat Commun 2020;11:222-222.12. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Interim guidelines for collecting, handling, and testing clinical specimens from patients under investigation (PUIs) for 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV). 2020 (https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-nCoV/guidelines-clinical-specimens.html. opens in new tab).13. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Respiratory Viruses Branch, Division of Viral Diseases. Real-time RT-PCR panel for detection 2019-novel coronavirus. 2020 (https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/downloads/rt-pcr-panel-for-detection-instructions.pdf. opens in new tab).14. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Respiratory Viruses Branch, Division of Viral Diseases. 2019-novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) real-time rRT-PCR panel primers and probes. 2020 (https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/downloads/rt-pcr-panel-primer-probes.pdf. opens in new tab).15. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Information for laboratories. 2019 novel coronavirus, Wuhan, China. 2020 (https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-nCoV/guidance-laboratories.html. opens in new tab).16. National Institutes of Health. GenBank overview (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genbank/. opens in new tab).17. GISAID (Global Initiative on Sharing All Influenza Data) home page (https://www.gisaid.org/. opens in new tab).18. Zhu N, Zhang D, Wang W, et al. A novel coronavirus from patients with pneumonia in China, 2019. N Engl J Med. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2001017.19. Washington State Department of Health. Novel coronavirus outbreak 2020 (https://www.doh.wa.gov/Emergencies/Coronavirus. opens in new tab).20. Chen N, Zhou M, Dong X Jr, et al. Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study. Lancet 2020 January 30 (Epub ahead of print).Table 1. Clinical Laboratory Results.* MeasureReference RangeIllness Day 6, Hospital Day 2†Illness Day 7, Hospital Day 3Illness Day 9, Hospital Day 5Illness Day 11, Hospital Day 7Illness Day 13, Hospital Day 9Illness Day 14, Hospital Day 10White-cell count (per μl)3800–11,000“Slight decrease”3120‡3300‡540056006500Red-cell count (per μl)4,200,000–5,700,000—4,870,0005,150,0005,010,0004,650,0005,010,000Absolute neutrophil count (per μl)1900–7400—1750‡1700‡370038003200Absolute lymphocyte count (per μl)1000–3900—10701400140014002100Platelet count (per μl)150,000–400,000“Adequate”122,000‡132,000‡151,000150,000239,000Hemoglobin (g/dl)13.2–17.012.2‡14.214.814.813.514.2Hematocrit (%)39.0–50.036.0‡42.043.043.039.342.0Sodium (mmol/liter)136–145134‡136138138135‡138Potassium (mmol/liter)3.5–5.13.3‡3.63.4‡3.64.13.9Chloride (mmol/liter)98–10799101105106100103Calcium (mg/dl)8.7–10.4—8.5‡9.39.08.6‡9.3Carbon dioxide (mmol/liter)20–31—2624252336§Anion gap (mmol/liter)5–16—997129Glucose (mmol/liter)65–14010410312096148§104Blood urea nitrogen (mg/dl)9–231510131322§18Creatinine (mg/dl)0.7–1.31.01.061.060.881.080.84Total protein (g/dl)5.7–8.2—6.97.16.86.96.8Albumin (g/dl)3.2–4.8—4.24.74.52.9‡4.4Total bilirubin (mg/dl)0.3–1.2—1.01.11.5§0.81.0Procalcitonin (ng/ml)<0.05——<0.05<0.05——Alanine aminotransferase (U/liter)10–49—68§105§119§219§203§Aspartate aminotransferase (U/liter)≤33—37§77§85§129§89§Alkaline phosphatase (U/liter)46–116—5068§88§137§163§Fibrinogen (mg/dl)150–450—477§————Lactate dehydrogenase (U/liter)120–246—250§465§——388§Prothrombin time (sec)12.2–14.6—11.9‡11.9‡——12.7International normalized ratio0.9–1.1—0.90.9——1.0Creatine kinase (U/liter)62–325—353§332§———Venous lactate (mmol/liter)0.4–2.0—1.31.7———Table 2. Results of Real-Time Reverse-Transcriptase–Polymerase-Chain-Reaction Testing for the 2019 Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV).* SpecimenIllness Day 4Illness Day 7Illness Day 11Illness Day 12Nasopharyngeal swabPositive(Ct, 18–20)Positive(Ct, 23–24)Positive(Ct, 33–34)Positive(Ct, 37–40)Oropharyngeal swabPositive(Ct, 21–22)Positive(Ct, 32–33)Positive(Ct, 36–40)NegativeSerumNegativeNegativePendingPendingUrineNTNegativeNTNTStoolNTPositive(Ct, 36–38)NTNT\n\n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n\n\n\n\n \n\n \n \n\n\n\n\n \n \n \n Article\n \n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n Figures/Media\n \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n\n\n\n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n\n\n \n\n \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n\n \n\n\n\n\n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n\n \n \n\n \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n\n\n\n\n \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n\n\n\n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n\n\n \n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n \n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n\n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n\n \n\n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n\n\n\n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n\n \n\n \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n THIS SITE USES COOKIES to personalize content, to measure website and advertising performance, and to present relevant advertising."],["topImageUrl",null],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","Systemic Corticosteroid Therapy May Delay Viral Clearance in Patients with Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Infection. - PubMed"],["url","https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29227752"],["summary","Search databaseSearch term"],["topImageUrl",null],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title",""],["url","https://cofacts.g0v.tw/article/kdmr185e5ut2"],["summary",""],["topImageUrl",null],["error","NOT_REACHABLE"]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","Kai-Ming Chang"],["url","https://www.facebook.com/photo.php?fbid=3096597913707226"],["summary","[經驗分享] 我在紐約市的公立醫院擔任內科住院醫師即將完訓，七月開始會做美國感染科次專訓練。目前紐約災情慘重，我所在醫院確診加疑似病人就超過一百人，我這段其間都在顧ICU因此對於重症COVID的照顧也算有心得，我至少照顧過超過20位以上之住院病人，因為在ICU的關係大部分病人都插管，到目前為止，我應該比許多台灣醫生有武漢新冠肺炎治療之實戰經驗。因為台灣目前防疫做的非常好，多半輕症或無症狀隔離，但是我們隨時要準備如果已經是社區流行，那作為醫生該如何care這些病人，因此做個簡單的分享與教學，所以講解的對象應該是以臨床第一線之醫師或NP為主。但我要說很多evidence都不斷更新，以下是盡量有所依據的臨床處理方式，reference就不一一列舉，有些我可能覺得是一般臨床工作者應有的基本概念也許就沒有多加說明，如造成閱讀上不順暢，也請多多包涵。 #流病學:相信台灣臨床醫生現在非常仰賴旅遊史畢竟沒有大規模社區感染，但是我要提醒的是如果有天已經大流行，旅遊史可能不是那麼重要了，懷疑就該驗。美國之前CDC一直很在意旅遊史而不隨意驗，結果後來發現根本大流行已經來不及了。在大爆發之前，可能會有一個空窗期就是很多原本我們以為低感染風險而沒有驗到的人，他們其實已經可能被感染。此外年輕人或沒有病史病人也非常多，這是在過去醫院前所未見的。在美國輕症就算陽性也不會住院讓他們回家，所以我所看到是真正的病人，我們已經擴充非常多病房了，但是病人真的很多，感染力真的很強要小心！至今我們已經有三個住院醫師中獎了。 #臨床表現:除了發燒咳等呼吸道症狀，還常有拉肚子等GI症狀，我要特別提醒很多病人會有\"味覺失調或消失\"的症狀，這不是鼻塞引起的味覺降低。很多文獻少提味覺問題，但是一定要注意，這可能是一個sign就該檢驗。此外有些病人會表達胸痛，不一定就是很嚴重的myocarditis，就純粹是無法解釋的胸痛，但還是會建議驗一下CPK/Trop。這個病毒的潛伏期根據我看到的paper，大概平均是五天多，當然最長可能兩個禮拜，不過我現在講的是一個常態分佈的結果，你要算到最嚴苛標準，也許就兩個禮拜，但是平均還是五天多，所以你如果有接觸史，過了一個禮拜還是沒發病，你大概就safe了。 #抽血:CBC(不一定會leukocytosis，反而容易lymphocytopenia and or thrombocytopenia), 常transaminitis(GOT/GPT高)。我們會大概三天監測一次Ferritin, ESR/CRP, LDH, D-dimer來觀察對藥物反應。基本blood culture, HIV, urine Legionella/strep pneumonia最好也住院時驗一下排除其他問題。另外有觀察到很多人procalcitonin一開始低，之後高起來，但不代表一定是bacterial superinfection，目前原因不明。 #影像:CXR bilateral infiltrations。相信大家一定常常不知道病人什麼問題但是看到CXR有點白白髒髒就當肺炎收進來打抗生素住院(其實可能根本不明顯)。我要說的是這些COVID住院病人，不會只是CXR微微白白髒髒，而是一看就是明顯兩側蔓延，在我住院醫師期間真的從來沒有看到那麼多CXR都是長這個樣子的，現在我幾乎可以看到CXR就診斷。至於CT chest雖然比較清楚，但是我認為不需要，因為大部分CXR就很明顯了，加上抽血上述markers等等就算PCR還沒有等到就可以很有把握診斷了。安排CT chest只會讓醫院感控暴露風險(因為機器要大消毒，浪費時間也可能使真正需要CT的人沒辦法照到) #氧氣治療方面:如果有SOB or hypoxia，當然要監測O2 sat.一開始nasal cannula, simple mask 下一個nonrebreather mask，中間不要試BiPAP/CPAP/High flow NC你就要early intubation了！因為BiPAP等會有把病毒釋放出來空氣傳播的風險。而且COVID病人desaturation or decompensation進展真的非常快！sat keep不住就要early intubation。另外不要使用neubulizer等會霧化的藥物治療，如需支氣管闊張劑可以用MDI手壓的pump。另外ARDS常用的臥趴姿勢prone position效果感覺非常好，病人一prone血氧真的會稍微提升，有些病人甚至沒有被插管的，血氧稍微差一點的我們就會叫他趕快趴著!還真的很有用。很多插管病人我們也會給他prone，我看討論串好像台灣不是很喜歡prone因為很耗費護理師人力，不過至少我在我們醫院我看到是一大早三個主治醫師就一起合力把病人翻姿勢，其實美國醫師工作也是很辛苦的。 #藥物治療: 1.我知道很多診所喜歡開類固醇給\"感冒\"的病人，但是絕對要避免因為類固醇有延長viral shedding的副作用，之前在MERS等病人的研究也是類固醇壞處大於好處，因此使用類固醇除非是有其indication才用(例如septic shock等等)。 2.高劑量Statin似乎有研究對防止病毒結合有幫助，因此如果LFT, CK允許可以考慮使用(lipitor 40 or 80, etc)。 3.Litonavir愛滋病藥物nejm已經發表確定沒用。 4.在美國我們幾乎每個病人都會給hydroxychloroquine(400mg bid for a day, then 200mg bid for 4 days)會影響lysosome fusion抑制病毒, 使用藥物前一定要EKG，如果QTc>500就不要用。我們醫院現在不加azithromycin了因為兩個一起用會延長QTc就有致死案例。對於法國研究Hydroxychloroquine+azithro很好但是我保持保守態度，那個研究病人量很少(n=36)，而且我實際臨床經驗覺得幫助好像有限，但是因為in vitro研究有效，我們還是會給病人就是了！用hydroxychloroquine之前最好先驗一下G6PD deficiency因為可能蠶豆症hemolysis，但機會不高，可以再等G6PD結果前就使用藥。 COVID似乎會跟其他呼吸道病毒一起co-infection所以還是要驗一下flu, 但是如果flu negative也不需要給tamiflu因為對covid無效。除了病毒還常bacterial superinfection，所以我們幾乎還是會給抗細菌抗生素，macrolide or levofloxacin擔心prolong QT所以我們醫院現在給doxycycline。記得驗一下Urine Legionella因為跟covid一樣都常有GI症狀。 5.Remdesivir在美國第一個case就是靠這個治好的，各國都在臨床試驗中，我個人很看好，我們醫院也要開始實驗這個了... 6.日本藥favipiravir聽說也很成功但是因為我在美國比較不熟。 7.很多COVID病人為什麼這麼sick，明明年輕人卻full blown ARDS比老人更嚴重，因為很多是cytokine release syndrome的關係。所以IL-6 inhibitor如tocilizumab or sarilumab本來治rheumatoid arthritis的生物製劑或許也有用。現階段也還在臨床試驗中，可以抽血IL-6監測。聽說MGH用tocilizumab，而我的醫院也要開始臨床試驗sarilumab #Code status：COVID大部分還是胸腔性疾病，很多就是插管呼吸器ARDS mode來治療，因此插管是很重要的環節。但是有些運氣不是很好的病人，多重器官衰竭等等突然coded需要CPR的情況，這對醫療團隊來說是暴露極高風險甚至多半可能徒勞。我認為有必要一開始就要跟病人談好DNR，這不代表就要DNI，該插管還是要插管，但是真的不幸心跳停止等，要量力而為。 #醫院管理：至少在紐約我們的物資設備都輸台灣很多也嚴重不足，不過也許可以給台灣要是不幸疫情大爆發做個借鏡。現在醫院幾乎都是COVID病人，也不可能一人一間病房了，因此直接把COVID病人直接放在同一間房間，反正都得病了也不怕被感染了。不過還是建議最好病房的門是有窗戶的至少從外面看進去可以知道病人好不好，而且就我剛剛所說，病人原本可能好好的就突然血氧掉非常喘需要趕快插管，每個住院病人真的像未爆彈。另外ICU病人因為常常有很多pump點滴，護理師要一直進出隔離房不方便穿脫PPE，可以考慮直接把pump放在房間外面，點滴線延長出去就好，這樣如果護理師要調sedation or pressors等等就可以不用進入房間更改設定。 #國家防疫：現階段台灣防疫做很好，還在containment的階段，就是把最有可能的人抓出來隔離，但是對於平均每個個案的隔離成本很高，國家也很不容易控制，目前台灣有兩百多的個案，但是某天要是慢慢累積好幾百個病人甚至破千，我們也許就要調整策略，因為把全部只要是陽性的病人都抓到醫院關那是不可能的，台灣沒有那麼多的醫療能量，也不能這樣浪費，而且輕症染病的病人，要多久PCR會轉陰性，我還沒看到研究統計出來，應該也很少人會做這樣研究，因為很少國家會像台灣如此嚴格標準檢疫隔離的，就好像今天得influenza A，如果不太嚴重也是讓病人回家，病癒就是病癒，一般醫師也不會再重複flu swab；同樣如果有C.diff病人，把PO Vanc的療程吃完沒有再拉肚子，你也是當作好了不會再去驗糞便。個人覺得台灣可以把輕症病人平均多久時間PCR轉陰性做個統計發表研究。我最近看了世界著名病毒學專家何大一博士的專訪(https://www.caltech.edu/about/news/tip-iceberg-virologist-david-ho-bs-74-speaks-about-covid-19?fbclid=IwAR1XVnPHq82gD97Y2Y06FkIFzAtNNfopnMgqa98fHAwX7WHzHGyBVbnZlIQ) 個人覺得這篇寫得不錯，裡面他就有寫到目前也不知道陽性的病人過多久後才不會有傳染力，他說猜測大概三週。至於已經得過COVID的病人之後會不會再重複感染，他是覺得應該是不會，也就是現在所有的防疫工作，就是在爭取時間讓疫苗可以製造出來讓群體都可以有保護效果。現階段幾乎的國家都大爆發，就不可能像台灣還在containment的防疫階段，因為你要假設所有人都有可能是病人，那能做的就是#緩和曲線了flatten the curve，我覺得這個概念相當重要，基本上就是拖延戰術，減少不必要的社交和聚集，要social distancing，不必要的商業活動要停止，電影院酒吧夜店要關，餐廳只能外帶等等，這可以避免加速接觸感染，讓病人增加量不要達這麼快一下超出醫療能負荷的數量避免醫療崩壞，很多國家都在這麼做了，目前聽起來表現比較好的國家像是南韓，雖然他們一開始防疫沒有做好導致非常多人得病，但是經過大規模檢驗，還有避免出門要待在家等等，目前疫情也有和緩的趨勢，算是亡羊補牢，也不是不行。台灣目前表現全球數一數二，但是我們總是要做最壞的準備跟打算。 #後記：沒想到一下就寫這麼多，這算是我第一線醫療工作者的紀實與經驗分享，目前紐約疫情雖然已嚴重崩壞，但實際上還只是開始而已不見緩和。不過美國參戰之後相信會有更多醫學研究與臨床治療準則可以參考，實際上也不完全是壞事。你問我會不會怕我每天也是提心吊膽的，都很怕生病，每天都要很注意自己的身體狀態，但偏偏美國住院醫師工時非常長(週休一日而已也沒有PM off)又不斷把我們明明不是在病房rotate的時候抓來上班取消我們的門診等等，我都盡量多休息有時間就睡覺保持免疫力。現在在醫院其實也是看到很多恐慌的面孔，我們醫院是公立醫院，平常病人多為社會最底層的人，吸毒的、遊民的、酗酒的，總之各種問題台灣一個比較健康的社會大概很難想像是一個怎麼樣的場所。不過最近因為COVID病人大爆發，我發現很多可能社會上的一般人或中產階級，他們可能是警察、可能是清潔工、就某天感染病毒生病了，這時候醫護站起來照顧他們治療他們，讓他們免於恐懼，這是作為醫學生涯也算比較榮光的時候，因為我們平常的訓練，就在這時候派上用場，也算是找到一點點行醫的意義跟價值。可以平安地活著其實就很好。目前台灣社會可以安全的生活著也真的很好。"],["topImageUrl",null],["error",null]]}]}],["createdAt","2020-03-30T05:25:11.733Z"]]}]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["article",{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["replyCount",2],["references",{"__iterable":"List","data":[{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["type","LINE"]]}]}],["replyRequestCount",3],["user",null],["hyperlinks",{"__iterable":"List","data":[{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","Red Wine With Onion"],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/RWO.htm"],["summary","洋蔥浸葡萄酒的驚人效果 Citrus Punch\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n洋蔥是一般家庭普通的食物，用以炸、炒、煲湯都很可口，也可配以生果和蔬菜做\n沙律，原來用作浸葡萄酒(紅酒)，更可治療很多我常見的病。\n\n筆者回港時一酒商朋友介紹，當時半信半疑，因他是做法酒入口酒的生意，可能是\n為了推銷他代理的紅酒，但他卻保證真的有這樣的療效，很多人都飲用，所以回到\n黃金海岸，便開始浸了瓶來試試，也把這個信息帶給大佬JOE，因其太座LILY和他有\n齊所有的病症，聽後大家不禁哈哈大笑。\n\n心想不用花多少錢，不妨一試，果然不試尤可，一試其功效十分顯著，連老伴也大\n讚好野。因不用晚間上廁所，而且發覺浸了洋蔥的紅酒入口更醇，更易入口，像筆\n者不懂飲酒的也可以飲用，通常筆者未試過就不敢寫出來，今次飲過之後覺得效果\n甚佳，就將其公開給大家，希望人人健康。\n\n\n\n\n\n材料： \n洋蔥2個，紅葡萄酒500毫升，1瓶普通紅葡萄酒酒配三個洋蔥。\n制法： \n一. 將洋蔥洗淨，去掉表面茶色外皮，切成八等份約半月形；\n二. 將洋蔥裝入玻璃瓶內，加入紅葡萄酒，(將剝下來的外皮也一起加入效果更\n\n好)；\n三. 將玻璃瓶蓋好密封，在陰涼地方放置約2至8日，(筆者覺得一星期最好)；\n\n\n四. 將玻璃瓶的洋蔥片，用濾網過濾後，洋蔥、酒分開裝入瓶中，放置在冰箱\n\n中冷藏。\n飲用方法： \n一. 每日約一杯(50毫升)，年紀大的人每次20毫升左右；\n二. 每日飲一至兩次；\n三. 浸過酒的洋蔥片一起食用更好；\n四. 不喝酒的人，可用兩倍左右的開水稀釋後飲用或每次倒入電鍋內煮約4至5分\n\n鐘，蒸發酒精後飲用。\n五. 若然喜歡甜的，可加入一點蜂蜜。\n \n\n看到這裏大家是否覺得很容易呢？究竟可以治那些病呢？讓筆者告訴大家，其功效\n\n對膝蓋疼痛、白內障、老人痴呆的效果相當驚人，日本非常流行。\n高血壓的患者，飲了之後血壓正常且安定，也會降低糖尿值，把血糖下降。\n\n* 最妙對老花眼也有很大的改善，飲用之後不用戴眼鏡也可以閱讀一般的周刊、\n\n雜誌。 \n\n* 每晚都要去幾次廁所的夜晚頻尿症，喝了兩天之後，不可思議的完全恢復正常。\n\n \n\n* 每天夜裏醒來，一直到天亮都不能再入睡的，不食安眠藥不能入睡的不眠症，飲\n\n用之後也會全消除。\n * 眼睛疲勞和模糊不清，喝了之後第二天就沒有問題了。 \n * 對幾乎無法治療的白尿症，尿會混濁的之後的也變得接近透明。 \n * 經常肚子會脹，非常痛苦的便秘症，喝了之後第二天便恢復正常排便。 \n\n以上這麼多的效，若然你的年齡在中年以上一定適合，花錢不多，有益功效顯著，\n\n不妨一試。\n實驗結果： \n原來是而此，信不信由您，依照份量飲，三五天見效\n夜裏甜蜜睡，惡夢冇跟隨，精神身體好，健步快如飛\n攻打四方城，手指靈活摔，延年兼益壽，命長精神爽\n討厭吃洋蔥嗎 ? 看看下面的文章，即使它再不可口，為了身體好，也請多\n\n多食用。關心自己也關心家裡的人喔！\n\n\n\n\n【\n\n洋蔥比骨質酥鬆症的藥有效\n\n】\n\n\n家庭主婦不愛用洋蔥做菜，處理時會讓人流眼淚，很多人也怕洋蔥味。除非是手藝\n高超的洋蔥料理，否則真的很難找到洋蔥的熱愛者。但是想要讓自己骨骼結實、身\n體長得高、預防骨質酥鬆症的人，最好還是乖乖地捏著鼻子吃洋蔥吧。因為權威期\n刊「自然」的最新研究報告指出，洋蔥是最能夠防止骨質流失的一種蔬菜。\n\n洋蔥預防骨質流失的效果，甚至比骨質酥鬆症治療藥品「calcitonin」還要好。研\n究人員讓雄性大白鼠每天吃一公克乾洋蔥，連續四週後，公白鼠的骨質平均增加了\n13.5-18%。另一組實驗則發現，讓大白鼠食用含有洋蔥的混合蔬菜，也能夠減少骨\n質流失問題。第三組實驗則是讓摘除卵巢的雌性大白鼠每天吃1.5公克的洋蔥，結果\n骨質流失的速率減少了25%。更值得注意的是，洋蔥的保健功效在短短12小時內就看\n得到了。\n\n研究人員認為，洋蔥的效果可能來自於「預防骨質流失」，因此想要利用洋蔥保健\n的人，每天可能要吃上200-300公克（10盎司）的洋蔥，才能夠預防骨質酥鬆症。醫\n食同源，在我們日常食物中，有很多蔬菜水果都具有藥物般的療效。像西餐裡少不\n了的配菜洋蔥，它對身體的好處簡直超乎想像。洋蔥炒蛋，或洋蔥炒牛肉，都是美\n味無比的健康菜；而洋蔥還可以用來生吃或榨汁喝，根據醫學實驗，它更能發揮多\n種神奇療效。\n\n\n\n\n【\n\n洋蔥可以預防膽固醇過高\n\n】\n\n\n\n據哈佛醫學院心臟科教授克多格爾威治博士指出，每天生吃半個洋蔥，或喝等量的\n洋蔥汁，平均可增加心臟病人約30%的HDL含量（HDL為高密度脂蛋白膽固醇，一種被\n認為有助於預防動脈粥狀硬化的膽固醇，也是一種的好的膽固醇。）每天生吃半個\n洋蔥，或喝等量的洋蔥汁，以保護心臟，這原是個民間偏方，\n\n\n\n【\n\n洋蔥可以分解脂肪\n\n】\n\n\n克多博士在自己的診所裡對病人進行實驗，證明洋蔥確有提升好膽固醇的療效，不\n過洋蔥煮得越熟，越不具效果。　uu12288 克多博士讓診所裡的心臟病人每天吃\n洋蔥，結果發現洋蔥裡所含的化合物也能阻止血小板凝結，並加速血液凝塊溶解。\n所以，當你享用高脂肪食物時，最好能搭配些許洋蔥，將有助於抵銷高脂肪食物引\n起的血液凝塊；所以說牛排通常搭配洋蔥一起吃，是很有道理的。\n\n\n\n【\n\n洋蔥可以預防胃癌\n\n】\n\n\n洋蔥和大蒜、大蔥、韭菜這些蔥屬蔬菜，因含有抗癌的化學物質，據研究人員在中\n國山東省一個胃癌罹患率很高的地方所做的調查發現，當洋蔥吃得越多，得胃癌的\n機率就越低。\n\n\n\n【\n\n洋蔥可以對抗哮喘\n\n】\n\n\n洋蔥含有至少三種抗發炎的天然化學物質，可以治療哮喘。由於洋蔥可以抑制組織\n胺的活動，而組織胺正是一種會引起哮喘過敏症狀的化學物質；據德國的研究，洋\n蔥可以使哮喘的發作機率降低一半左右。\n\n\n\n【\n\n洋蔥可以治療糖尿病\n\n】\n\n\n很久以前，洋蔥就被用來治療糖尿病，到了現代，醫學也證明洋蔥確實能夠降血糖；\n而且不論生食或熟食，都同樣有效果。原來洋蔥裡有一種抗糖尿病的化合物，類似\n常用的口服降血糖劑甲磺丁胺，具有刺激胰島素合成及釋放的作用。\n\n\n\n\n【\n\n洋蔥還有其他多種療效\n\n】\n\n\n洋蔥的妙用還不止上述這些，在日常生活中，洋蔥還可用來防治失眠：將切碎的洋\n蔥放置於枕邊，洋蔥特有的刺激成分，會發揮鎮靜神經、誘人入眠的神奇功效。感\n冒的時候，喝加了洋蔥的熱味噌湯，很快就可發汗退燒。如果鼻塞，以一小片洋蔥\n抵住鼻孔，洋蔥的刺激氣味，會促使鼻子瞬間暢通起來。如果咳嗽，以紗布包裹切\n碎的洋蔥，覆蓋於喉嚨到胸口，也可以很快抑制咳嗽。攝取高鈣就能防止骨質的流\n失嗎？骨折雖不像得了癌症或愛滋病那麼令人感到震驚與絕望，但有不少老年人本\n來身體還蠻硬朗，然而一旦發生了骨折，突然活動量銳減，身體狀況急速下降，甚\n至有些人沒在下床或下輪椅而走了。 \n\n骨質流失是一種不會痛，甚至也沒有感覺的生理現象，常一直到發生骨折或去測骨\n質密度才突然發現骨骼已經變得那麼的疏鬆了。骨骼與其他之組織不大一樣，它由\n『造骨細胞』和『破骨細胞』來分別擔任其『新陳』和『代謝』。當造骨細胞之活\n性大過破骨細胞時，骨骼會增長、增大或增加其密度；反之，則變得更疏鬆。 \n\n骨骼的建造乃是先以膠原蛋白構成立體網狀之基質，然後再由鈣、鎂、鋅、磷、氟\n等化合物與膠原蛋白結合，添充在其空洞中，但破骨細胞也一直不斷地分解這些基\n質與礦物質。飲食中所攝取的鈣質是否有機會存到骨骼中而使骨骼加長（身高加長\n或骨質變得更緻密？其必須通過兩關的考驗，第一是其吸收率，如所攝取的鈣質不\n易被吸收，所攝取的鈣大多還是由糞便中排掉。因此衛生署公告的「健康食品之改\n善骨質疏鬆功能評估方法」的第一項測定即以其吸收率來作為評估指標，如某一食\n品之鈣吸收率能明顯高過一般最普遍用來做為食品添加物的碳酸鈣（CaCO3）時，可\n視為一健康食品。 \n\n第二是所吸收進入血液的鈣質是否能存入骨骼中？許多人誤會以為多吃鈣就一定可\n防止骨質流失，可惜答案並非是肯定的。即使部分鈣被吸收了，還是要加上負重或\n抗阻力運動（游泳沒有幫助）來刺激甲狀腺分泌「降鈣素」（Calcitonin），它可\n加強造骨細胞之活性，而才能將血鈣有效的存到骨骼中。 \n\n因此，長期臥床的病人，即使攝取易吸收之高鈣，骨質還是會流失很厲害，因此在\n幫他翻身時，常一不小心就會發生骨折。其實每天睡到天亮，快起床時，常破骨細\n胞的活性或大過造骨細胞，因此，如您怕會有骨質疏鬆症，除了多攝取優質的鈣之\n外，別忘了也要常做負重（在不傷到關節之範圍內）的運動。"],["topImageUrl","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/rwo.gif"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","HOW TO SURVIVE A HEART ATTACK ALONE"],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/HAS.htm"],["summary","HOW TO SURVIVE A HEART ATTACK ALONE\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nIf everyone who gets this sends it to 10 people, you can bet that we'll \nsave at least one life. Let's say it's 6: 15 p. m. and you're driving home \n(alone of course), after an unusually hard day on the job. You're really \ntired, upset and frustrated. Suddenly, you start experiencing severe pain \nin your chest that starts to radiate out into your arm and up into your \njaw. You are only about five miles from the hospital nearest your home; \nunfortunately you don't know if you'll be able to make it that far. What \ncan you do? You've been trained in CPR but the guy that taught the course \nneglected to tell you how to perform it on yourself. Since many people are \nalone when they suffer a heart attack, this article seemed to be in order. \n\n\nWithout help, the person whose heart stops beating properly and who begins \nto feel faint, has only about 10 seconds left before losing consciousness. \nHowever, these victims can help themselves by coughing repeatedly and very \nvigorously. A deep breath should be taken before each cough. The cough must \nbe deep and prolonged, as when producing sputum from deep inside the chest. \nAnd a cough must be repeated about every 2 seconds without let up until help \narrives, or until the heart is felt to be beating normally again. Deep breaths \nget oxygen into the lungs and coughing movements squeeze the heart and keep \nthe blood circulating. The squeezing pressure on the heart also helps it \nregain normal rhythm. In this way, heart attack victims can get to a hospital.\n \n\nTell as many other people as possible about this, it could save their lives! \n\nFrom Health Cares, Rochester General Hospital via Chapter 240s newsletter \nAND THE BEAT GOES ON . . . \n\n(reprint from The Mended Hearts, Inc. publication, Heart Response) \n\n\n\n自己的CPR方法\n\n\n\n假設現在時刻是下午五點五十分，忙忙碌碌的你上了一整天的班，正在開車回家的\n路上(當然是一個人囉！)。突然，你感到胸口有一股劇痛，並且開始漫延到手臂和\n下巴。可是，離最近的醫院大概還有五公里遠。更糟糕的是，你自己都不知道能不\n能撐得了那麼遠。怎麼辦？以前曾經受過心肺複甦術CPR訓練，但是教課老師並沒教\n你怎麼自己給自己做急救的方法。獨處時，心臟病發作急救術--(許多人心臟病發\n作時，四周沒有旁人，因此，學會能自己給自己做簡單的心肺複甦術是非常重要的。\n)\n\n一個人若是心臟不能正常跳動，並且開始感到快要昏過去時，他大概只有十秒鐘的\n時間，然後就會失去知覺，不省人事。若是四周沒有旁人能幫忙急救，患者要立刻\n把握這十秒鐘的短暫時間自己救自己。要不停咳嗽！用力的咳！每一次咳嗽前，都\n要先深吸一大口氣。然後，用力地、深深地、長長地咳，好像要把胸腔深處的痰咳\n出來一般。每間隔大約兩秒鐘，要做一次吸、一次咳，一直要做到救護趕到時，或\n者已經感到心跳恢復正常，才能休息。做深呼吸的目的是要把氧氣吸進肺部，咳嗽\n的目的則是要以這個動作壓擠心臟，進而促進血液循環。對心臟的擠壓也可以幫它\n恢復正常脈搏。如此急救，可以讓心臟病發作患者有機會打電話求救，或者在每次\n氣間呼救。\n\n救人一命，勝造七級浮屠。請大家把這個自我心肺複甦急救術告訴他人，或再影印\n分發。說不定就因此救了您的家人、親戚、朋友、同事、左鄰右舍或任何個不管您\n認識或不認識的人一命。"],["topImageUrl","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/rwo.gif"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","Heart Attack Warning Signs"],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/HSS.htm"],["summary","Heart Attack Warning Signs\n\nSome\nheart attacks are sudden and intense -- the \"movie heart attack,\"\nwhere no one doubts what's happening. But most heart attacks start slowly, with\nmild pain or discomfort. Often people affected aren't sure what's wrong and\nwait too long before getting help. Here are signs that can mean a heart attack\nis happening:\n\n\n Chest discomfort. Most heart attacks involve discomfort in\n the center of the chest that lasts more than a few minutes, or that goes\n away and comes back. It can feel like uncomfortable pressure, squeezing,\n fullness or pain. \n Discomfort in other areas of the upper body. Symptoms can include pain or discomfort in\n one or both arms, the back, neck, jaw or stomach. \n Shortness of breath. This feeling often comes along with chest\n discomfort. But it can occur before the chest\n discomfort. \n Other signs: These may include breaking out in a cold sweat, nausea or lightheadedness \n \n\n\n\n\nAlso, see \n\nA Serious Note About Heart Attacks\n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nStroke Warning Signs\n\n\n\nThe American Stroke\nAssociation says these are the warning signs of stroke:\n\n\n Sudden numbness or weakness of the face, arm or\n leg, especially on one side of the body \n Sudden confusion, trouble speaking or understanding \n \n Sudden trouble seeing in one or both\n eyes \n Sudden trouble walking, dizziness, loss of\n balance or coordination \n Sudden, severe headache with no known cause \n\n\n\n\nfrom The American Heart Association\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nAlso, see \n\n\nStroke identification"],["topImageUrl","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/rwo.gif"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","Health Page"],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/STR.htm"],["summary","一朋友在室外燒烤會時突然跌倒﹐眾人緊張關心﹐要為她召救護車﹐她堅持是自己\n不慎失足﹐並不礙事。眾人繼續用餐。翌日﹐她丈夫來電說她昨天中風﹐昨晚送院\n不治﹐已不幸身亡。當時在場若有人能察覺她有中風的跡象﹐馬上把她送院救治﹐\n她可能有救。某腦科醫生說﹕中風的病人﹐如果在三小時內送院﹐成功醫治是很可\n能的。一般來說﹐察覺病人中風的跡象﹐並非容易。但遇上有常識的人﹐病人可會\n逃過死亡的一關。據醫生說在場人仕可以用以下三個測試方法判定病人是否中風﹕\n\n\n(一) 笑叫病人笑 ﹔\n(二) 講叫病人講話﹐說一些簡\n單句子 ﹔\n(三) 舉叫病人將雙手高舉 ﹔\n\n如果病人不能輕易做到上述的動作﹐便有中風的可能。另外叫病人伸出舌頭﹐留意\n條舌是否捲曲或者特別偏左或偏右。倘若有以上的疑點﹐應該馬上電九一一召救\n護車﹐並向接線生敘述你所觀察的情況。救人一命﹐勝做七級浮屠。\n\n \n\n\n\nMy friend sent this to me and encouraged me to post it and spread \nthe word, I agreed. If everyone can remember something this simple, \nwe could save some folks. Seriously . . . please read:\n\nDuring a BBQ, a friend stumbled and took a little fall - she assured \neveryone that she was fine (they offered to call paramedics) and just \ntripped over a brick because of her new shoes. They got her cleaned \nup and got her a new plate of food - while she appeared a bit shaken \nup, Ingrid went about enjoying herself the rest of the afternoon. \nIngrid's husband called later?saying that his wife had been taken to \nthe hospital and passed away. She had suffered a stroke at the BBQ. \nHad they known how to identify the signs of a stroke, perhaps Ingrid \nwould be with us today. Some stroke victims?don't die, they end up in \na helpless, hopeless condition instead. \n\nRead on...\n\nA neurologist says that if he can get to a stroke victim within three \nhours he can totally reverse the effects of a stroke . . . totally. He said \nthe trick was?having a stroke recognized, diagnosed and then getting \nthe patient medically cared for within three hours, which is tough. \u0014 \n\n\nRECOGNIZING A STROKE:\n \n\n\nThank God for the sense to remember the \"3\" steps. \n \nSometimes symptoms of a stroke are difficult to identify. \nUnfortunately, the lack of awareness spells disaster. The stroke \nvictim may suffer severe brain damage when people nearby fail to \nrecognize the symptoms of a stroke.\n \nNow doctors say a bystander can recognize a stroke by asking three \nsimple questions: \n \n\nS \n*Ask the individual to SMILE. \n \n\nT \n *Ask the person to TALK, to SPEAK A SIMPLE SENTENCE. \n\n \n\nR \n *Ask him or her to RAISE BOTH ARMS. \n \n \nAnother 'sign' of a stroke is this: Ask the person to 'stick' out \ntheir tongue . . . if the tongue is 'crooked', if it goes to one side or the \nother, that is also an indication of a stroke. \n\nIf he or she has trouble with any one of these tasks, call 911 \nimmediately and describe the symptoms to the dispatcher. \n \nA cardiologist says if everyone who gets this e-mail sends it to ten \npeople, you can bet at least one life will be saved? \n\nAlso, see\n \n \nStroke warning signs \n \n by American Stroke Association"],["topImageUrl","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/ShowLetter.jpg"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","S.H.M. Diet Program"],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/SHM.htm"],["summary","(\nChinese)\n\n\n\n \n\n\n\n\nS.H.M. Diet Program \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nIn the last century, human life expectancy has been up 30 years. This can be considered as the greatest accomplishment in human history for the past five thousand years. The \nnumber of centenarians from 1990 to 2000 has increased by 51%. \n\n\n\nThis weight loss program was established by The Sacred Heart Memorial \nHospital. It is designed for overweight heart patients to rapidly lose weight,\n usually before surgery.\nThe seven-day diet plan is on the basis of cleaning up the “polluted” \nbody systems by getting rid of excessive calories. If the program is followed \nwith discipline, after the 7th day, one can expect to lose 10 – 16 pounds \nwith a good physical feeling and noticeable health improvement. This program \ncan be repeated as needed. However, at the end of each 7th day, you must \nstop the soup for several days before restarting the cycle.\nDos and Don'ts\n\n\nEat vegetable, fruits and food that has high level of fiber \nDrink plenty of water \nDo not drink alcohol 24 hours prior to start of the program \nNo rice, sugar, alcohol or carbonated drinks (diet drinks inclusive) \nNo deep fried food (e.g., French fries, fried chicken, etc.) \nRoast duck or roast chicken can be used as a substitute beef but must \nremove skin \n\n\nBasic recipe (per meal):\n\nScallions: 8 plants \nTomatoes: 125 grams\nGarlic: 3 large ones\nGreen peppers: 2\nKorea lettuce: 1 large\nLipton mixed soup (with onion): 1 can\n\nAlternate recipe (per meal):\n\n\n\nScallions: 4 – 5 plants \nLarge garlic: 2 – 3 pieces\nGreen peppers: 3 \nTomatoes: 3\nCabbage: 1 small or half a large\nCarrots: 3 large\nCelery: one half plant\nKnorr's chicken broth mix artificial favor\nCut vegetables in small pieces. Cook recipe in strong heat with \nordinary amount of water for soup until vegetable is soft (approximately \n10 minutes). Add salt, pepper, curry or other spice as desired.\n\n\nDay 1: \n\n(low calorie day) \n\nFood: \nVegetable soup, basic or alternate from above and any amount of fruits (except \nbananas, cantaloupes, honeydews or any high calorie fruits.)\n\nDrink:\n water, tea (no sugar added)\n\n\nDay 2: \n\n(low calorie day) \n\nFood: \nVegetable soup, basic or alternate from above, other green vegetables (no \nsoy bean, broad bean or corn). No fruits. Optionally for dinner – one baked \npotato (whipped cream can be added) \nDrink:\n water, tea (no sugar added)\n\n\nDay 3: \n\n(low calorie day) \n\nFood: \nVegetable soup, basic or alternate from above and any amount of fruits and \ngreen vegetables. No baked potatoes.\nDrink:\n water, tea (no sugar added)\n\n\n\nDay 4: \n\n(high carbohydrate day)\n\nFood: \nSame as day 3. \nAlso eat 3 bananas. (Today you need potassium and carbohydrates).\n\nDrink:\nwater, tea (no sugar added). Also drink skim milk.\n\n\nDay 5: \n\n(high protein day):\n\nFood: \nVegetable soup, basic or alternate (at least once)\nEat beef (250 – 300 grams) and 8 fresh tomatoes.\n\nDrink:\nwater (at least 6 large glasses), tea (no sugar added). Also drink skim \nmilk.\n\n\n\nDay 6: \n\n(higher protein day)\n\nFood: \nVegetable soup, basic or alternate (at least once)\nEat any amount of beef (2 – 3 steaks) and green vegetables (broad leaves). \nNo baked potatoes. (Beef can be substituted by chicken, duck or steamed \nfish.)\n\nDrink:\nwater, tea (no sugar added). \n\n\nDay 7: \n\n: (low calorie day)\n\nFood: \nVegetable soup, basic or alternate (at least once)\nOther vegetables as desired \n\nDrink:\nwater, tea (no sugar), fruit juice (no sugar).\n\n \n \n\n\n\n \n\n \n\nmenu"],["topImageUrl","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/rwo.gif"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","Top 10 Nutrition recommendations"],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/10N.htm"],["summary",""],["topImageUrl","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/rwo.gif"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","(口臭湯) Bad Breath Remedial Soup"],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/BBS.htm"],["summary","董氏醫學研究中心 (中醫董進) \n\n\n\n\n\n\n筆者十數年前偶得一民間治口臭食療方，經常推薦給來診病者，屢試不爽，無往\n不利，大獲好評。驗方如下，各位不妨一試： \n\n\n\n青蘿蔔一個、\n豆腐二磚﹐\n煎白鯽魚一至二條﹐(如無白鯽，黑鯽魚亦可）﹐\n生薑三片﹐\n加水煲約二小時，取湯調味飲用。 \n此湯清潤、鮮甜、可口，凡屬肺熱，胃腸炎﹑ 化不良（偏熱症者）﹑鼻炎﹑肝炎\u0014\n等所致口臭者﹐皆適宜用﹐但屬寒症或病久體質潺弱者﹐則慎用或酌加少量白胡椒\n\n及陳皮﹐以中和湯中之寒性。 \n\n\n\n \n\n\nThe Bad Breath Remedial Soup \n\n\n\n\n\n\n [The following is the recipe translated from the above. Use of terms may vary.] \n\n\n\n1 piece of green turnip, \n2 pieces of tofu (bean curds), \n1 tilapia (or Japanese seaperch), pan fry it before preparing soup, \n\n3 slices of ginger. \nPut the above ingredients to a cook ware, add water, slowly cook for \nabout 2 hours. Add desirable amount of salt at your preferance. \n\n\n \n\n\n\n\n\n相關資料﹕\n\n\n\n防治鼻敏感食療 \n \n \n降膽固醇療方\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nRelated Topics:\n\n\n\n\nHay Fever Remedial Soup \n \nSoup to lower cholesterol"],["topImageUrl","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/rwo.gif"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","Pig's Feet with Ginger & Vinegar"],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/GV.htm"],["summary","See Article \n\non \nhealth benefits\n \n \n\n\n\nPig's Feet (Trotters) with Ginger & Vinegar\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n據中國民間流傳豬腳薑醋尤其對女性可以護顏補身。在農村是婦女產後必食之補品。\n\n現代的營養專家也認為醋豬腳含有豐富的膠原蛋白﹐對潤膚和抗老化有幫助。\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n\n[Recipe Translation]\nMaterials: \n (quantity good for 10 servings)\t\nSweet vinegar: approx. 5 quarts; Black sticky rice vinegar: 1 pint;\n pig's feet: 1 leg (knee down) cut into 10 or more small pieces; gingers: 6 pounds; \n10 eggs. \n\nSteps: \n\n1)\tPeel the gingers and slice them into pieces, wash and dry them with cloth, place them in a cookware with 4 quarts of sweet vinegar, (make sure that vinegar is enough to cover all gingers, add more vinegar if necessary), slow cook for 2 hours (or 1 hour if ginger shoots are used). \n2)\tSeparately boil water with pig's feet in for 2 - 5 minutes. Cool off pig's feet with running cold water. Drip dry for later use.\n3)\tSeparately boil eggs and remove the egg shell. Place them in the cooking vinegar for 30 minutes. Place them aside for later use.\n4)\tAfter 2 hours for step (1), add pig's feet (prepared in step (2), black rice vinegar and the rest of sweet vinegar to cook them for another 30 minutes. Finally add the cooked eggs (step 3). Done. \n\nNote: \n\n\tUse ceramics, porcelain, or glass cookware to cook vinegar. (Avoid metal cookware). The soup should not last for more than 5 days. If need to, refrigerate, and re-cook the soup at least once a week.\n\n\n\n\n\n \n\n \n\nmenu"],["topImageUrl","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/ginger_vinegar_i.gif"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","Heart and Blood Nourishing Food"],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/HBDD.htm"],["summary","魚﹕\n \t帶魚﹐銀魚﹐鯉魚﹐三文魚 ... (含鈣﹑鋅﹑碘﹑鐵﹑錳)\n \t海魚儘量少去鱗﹐洗凈魚肚中的鰾即可煮食\n\n洋蔥﹕\t(補鈣﹐降壓)\t\n\n蝦皮﹕\t(高鈣) - 即乾毛蝦\n\n大蒜﹕\t(“生長地上的抭生素”)\n\n蔥﹕\t(高鈣﹑鉀)\t\n\n番茄﹕\t(涼血平肝﹐清熱解毒)\n\n茄子﹕\t(“心血管之友”)\n\n枸杞﹕\t(“野蔬珍品”)\n\n芹菜﹕\t(杜甫﹕“鮮鯽銀絲膾﹐香芹碧潤羹”。\n宜吃根﹑莖﹑葉。)\n\n茼蒿\n\t(降壓﹐補腦。唐孫思邈收載於“千金方”為清心養血之良藥)\n\n此外﹐ 還有﹕\n菠菜﹐莧菜﹐韭菜﹐白菜﹐油菜﹐\n冬瓜﹐苦瓜﹐絲瓜﹐南瓜﹐黃瓜﹐青椒﹐\n腐竹﹐豌豆﹐綠豆﹐豆腐﹐黃豆芽﹐綠豆芽﹐\n西瓜﹐香蕉﹐蘋果﹐柿子﹐柑橘﹐梨﹐\n山渣﹐香菇﹐磨菇﹐木耳﹐銀耳﹐\n海帶﹐海藻﹐紫菜﹐海蔘﹐淡菜﹐\n茨菇﹐馬鈴薯﹐地瓜﹐玉米﹐胡蘿蔔﹐\n花生﹐西瓜子﹐葵瓜子﹐核桃﹐紅棗﹐芝麻﹐\n蜂蜜﹐牛奶﹐醋\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n[Translation]\n\nHeart healthy and excellent nourishing food \n\n\ncan help in regulate heart beat, high blood pressure, cholesterol and diuretic \n\n\n\nFish: - \nCutlass fish, silver fish, carp, salmon. . . (contain calcium, zinc, iron, manganese, iodine) \n * Fish need scaled, washed thoroughly in the belly area) \n\nOnion: - \n (contains calcium, lowers blood pressure) \n\nShrimp: - \n (high calcium) - the dried skinny shrimps\n\nGarlic: - \n (\"antibiotics grown on the ground\") \n\nOnion: - \n (calcium, potassium) \n\nTomato: - \n (benefits blood cells, liver) \n\nEggplant: - \n (\"Friends of heart, artery and vessels\") \n\nWolfberry: - \n (\"wild plant treasures\") \n\nCelery: - \n (roots ?stems and leaves are edible.) \n\nGarland chrysanthemum: - \n (nourish the heart, good for the brain and can lower high blood pressure) \n\nIn addition, there are: \n\nSpinach, amaranth, chives, cabbage, \n\ngourd, bitter gourd, sponge gourd, pumpkin, cucumber, green peppers, \n\ndried bean stick, peas, green beans, tofu, bean sprouts, soy sprouts, \n\nwatermelon, banana, apple, persimmon, orange, pear \n\nmushrooms, edible fungus, white fungus, \n\nkelp, algae, seaweed, sea cucumbers, mussels, \n\narrowhead, potatoes, sweet potatoes, corn, carrots \n\npeanuts, watermelon seeds, sunflower seeds, walnuts, dates, sesame seeds, \n\n\nhoney, milk, vinegar"],["topImageUrl","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/rwo.gif"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","Salted Lemons Good for Your Throat"],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/SHSL.htm"],["summary",""],["topImageUrl","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/lemon.jpg"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","Hay Fever Remedy Soup"],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/hayfever.htm"],["summary","防治鼻敏感食療\n\n\n\nHay Fever Remedial Soup\n\n\n\n(電郵傳訊; Email circulation)\n\n\n\n\n\n相關資料﹕\n\n治口臭食療湯\n \n降膽固醇療方\n \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n\n\n\n \n\n \n\n\n目錄"],["topImageUrl","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/hayfever.jpg"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title",""],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/h.htm"],["summary",""],["topImageUrl",""],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title",""],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/WGFX.htm"],["summary","What's Good For You (Cross\n Reference)\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Anomaly\n \n Function\n Kind of food\n \n \n \n Aging\n 老化\n Slows aging process \n Apricots, cherries, prunes,\n \n \n \n Allergies\n 敏感\n Fights allergies \n Honey,\n \n \n \n Alzheimer's \n 老人痴呆\n Shields against\n Alzheimer's \n Apricots, cherries, mango,\n \n \n \n Bacteria, Fungus\n 病菌,真菌\n Kills bacteria, Fights\n fungus \n Garlic, green tea, mushrooms, onion, \n \n \n \n Blood\n flow \n 血液循環\n Enhances blood flow \n Grapes,\n \n \n \n Blood\n pressure \n 血壓\n Controls blood pressure \n Apricots, Avocados, Bananas,\n beets, broccoli, chestnuts, figs,\n garlic, lemon, limes, mushrooms,\n watermelon,\n \n \n \n Blood Sugar\n 血糖\n Stabilizes blood sugar \n Artichokes, Beans, blueberries,\n \n \n \n Bones, joints\n 骨胳\n Strengthens bones, cushions joints\n Apples, Bananas, beets,\n broccoli, cantaloupe, Cauliflower, mushrooms, pineapple, sweet potato, yogurt,\n \n \n \n Breast\n Cancer \n 乳癌\n Combats Breast Cancer \n Cantaloupe,\n Cauliflower, \n \n \n \n Cancer \n 癌症\n Combats cancer \n Apricots, Beans, beets, blueberries, broccoli, cabbage, Cantaloupe, carrots, cherries, chestnuts, chili\n peppers, figs, fish, garlic, grapes, green tea, lemon, limes, mango, mushrooms, oats, olive oil,\n onion, oranges, peaches, rice,\n strawberries, sweet potato, tomatoes, walnuts, water,\n \n \n \n Cholesterol \n 膽固醇\n Lowers cholesterol \n Artichokes,Avocados, Beans,\n cantaloupe, chestnuts, figs, garlic, grapefruit, mushrooms, oats, onion, peanuts, prunes, tomatoes, walnuts, watermelon, wheat germ,\n wheat bran, yogurt,\n \n \n \n Colds\n 傷風\n Relieves colds \n Pineapples,\n \n \n \n Colon\n Cancer \n 腸癌\n Combats Colon Cancer \n Wheat germ, wheat bran,\n \n \n \n Constipation \n 便秘\n Prevents constipation \n Apples, Beans, blueberries,\n cabbage, carrots, oats, peaches,\n prunes, wheat germ, wheat bran,\n \n \n \n Cough\n 咳嗽\n Quiets a cough \n Bananas,\n \n \n \n Diabetes \n 糖尿病\n Battles diabetes \n Avocados, flax, oats, olive\n oil, rice,\n \n \n \n Diarrhea \n 痢疾\n Blocks diarrhea \n Apples, Bananas, pineapple,\n \n \n \n Digestion \n 消化功能\n Aids digestion \n Artichokes, chli peppers, flax,\n honey, mango, peaches, pineapple,\n wheat germ, wheat bran, yogurt,\n \n \n \n Diverticulitis \n 憩室炎\n Aggravates\n diverticulitis \n Peanuts,\n \n \n \n Energy\n 精力\n Increases energy \n Honey,\n \n \n \n Eyesight\n 視力\n Saves eyesight \n Apricots, broccoli, cantaloupe, carrots, grapes,\n sweet potato,\n \n \n \n Heart \n 心臟 \n Guards against heart\n disease \n Apples, Artichokes, Bananas,\n beets, blueberries, broccoli,\n cabbage, carrots, Cauliflower,\n cherries, chestnuts, fish, flax, grapefruit, grapes, green tea, lemon, limes, olive oil, onion, oranges, peanuts,\n prunes, rice, Strawberries, tomatoes,\n walnuts,\n \n \n \n Hemorrhoids \n 痔瘡\n Helps hemorrhoids \n Beans, cabbage, peaches,\n \n \n \n Immune\n 抗病\n Boosts immune system \n Cantaloupe, chili peppers, fish,\n flax, oranges, yogurt,\n \n \n \n Insomnia\n 失眠\n Ends insomnia \n Cherries,\n \n \n \n Kidney Stone\n 腎結石\n Conquers kidney stones \n Grapes, rice, water,\n \n \n \n Liver\n 肝\n Guard against liver disease\n Artichokes\n (朝鮮薊),\n \n \n \n Lungs\n 肺\n Improves lung capacity \n Apples, \n \n \n \n Memory\n 記憶力\n Boosts memory \n Blueberries, fish, mango,\n prunes, strawberries, walnuts,\n \n \n \n Mental\n 精神病\n Improves mental health \n Flax, \n \n \n \n Mood\n 情緒\n Lifts mood \n Sweet potato, walnuts,\n \n \n \n Postate\n 前列腺\n Works against prostate\n cancer \n Cauliflower, grapefruit, \n peanuts, tomatoes, watermelon,\n \n \n \n Respiration\n 呼吸\n Straightens respiration \n Oranges,\n \n \n \n Scurvy\n 壞血病\n Stops scurvy \n Lemons, limes,\n \n \n \n Sinuses\n 鼻痰\n Clears sinuses \n Chili peppers,\n \n \n \n Skin\n 皮膚\n Smoothes skin \n Avocados, lemon, limes, oats, olive oil, water,\n \n \n \n Sore Throats\n 喉痛\n Soothes sore throat \n Chili peppers,\n \n \n \n Stress\n 壓力\n Calms stress \n Strawberries,\n \n \n \n Strokes\n 中風\n Helps stops strokes \n Avocados, figs, grapefruit, green tea, peaches, rice, watermelon, wheat germ, wheat bran,\n \n \n \n Thyroid\n 甲狀腺\n Regulates thyroid \n Mango,\n \n \n \n Ulcers\n 胃病\n Guards against ulcers \n Honey, yogurt,\n \n \n \n Warts\n 肉瘤\n Dissolves warts \n Pineapples,\n \n \n \n Weight Loss\n 減肥\n Promotes weight loss \n Beets, cabbage, carrots, chestnuts, figs, grapefruit, green tea, olive oil, peanuts, water, watermelon,\n \n \n \n Wounds/Bruises \n 傷口/瘀傷\n Heals wounds,Banishes\n bruises \n Cauliflower, honey,\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Back to Food List"],["topImageUrl","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/rwo.gif"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","Cinnamon Natural, Cures Diseases"],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/CINN1.htm"],["summary","肉桂:\n\n\n\n 筒狀塊片，質硬，呈棕色，以香氣濃厚，身乾精油含量高，黏性少為佳。質量好藥力\n足的肉桂稱“紫油桂”；刮去外面粗皮及裏面薄皮的稱“桂心”，性不太燥，適用\n於助心陽、交心腎：幼桂樹皮，稱“官桂”，力弱性燥，適用於溫中燥濕。一般通\n稱肉桂。【性味功用】肉桂味辛、甘，性熱。有溫補腎陽、溫中逐寒、宣導血脈的\n作用。其性渾厚凝降，守而不走，偏暖下焦，能助腎中陽氣（舊稱“命門之火”），\n並能納氣歸腎、引火歸元。 \n【禁忌】　　陰虛火旺、熱病傷津及假寒真熱者及孕婦禁用。\n\n\n\n \n \n\n\n根據西方醫學研究肉桂含有多種治病功能。其中包括預防血管閉塞﹐殺菌﹐控制血糖﹐\n幫助記憶﹐防止腸癌﹐保持體溫﹐醫治肚瀉﹑便秘﹑傷風和感冒等等療效。\n而\n美國新研究稱肉桂替代胰島素的作用能緩和第二型糖尿病。 \n服用肉桂為期40天。研究數據顯示，受試者的血糖、三酸甘油酯、低密度脂蛋白(LDL)還\n有膽固醇均明顯下降。\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n應用食譜參考 \n\n\n\n \n碧井珍肉\n\n \n 材料：\n\n \n\n大黃瓜 1/2 條、油1小匙、肉桂粉 2 小匙、豬絞肉1/2碗、鹽1小匙、\n太白粉 1/2 小匙、糖1/2小匙、水 2 杯 \n\n \n作法： \n\n \n\n\n(1) 豬絞肉洗淨，加入糖、油、桂皮粉、酌量鹽拌勻後靜置25分鐘。\n(2) 大黃瓜去皮洗淨，切約2.5公分厚的圓環塊狀，並將當中的籽去除。\n(3) 在每個圓環塊狀大黃瓜的四週抹上少許的鹽，並在其中間的\n 大圓孔裡塗一點太白粉。\n(4) 將圓環塊狀的大黃瓜排列在深盤中，約5個左右。\n 接著，再逐一塞進適量醃好的豬絞肉。\n(5) 在電鍋裡放入2杯水，然後擺進準備好的材料，大概蒸20分鐘\n 便可上桌。\n\n \n桂冰蛋糕\n\n \n材料：\n\n\n麵粉約1碗、奶油1/2碗、水1/2 杯、糖 2～3 小匙、蛋1個、肉桂粉 \n2 小匙、葡萄乾30顆、櫻桃6粒、油少許\n\n\n \n作法： \n\n\n(1) 將麵粉、奶油、水、糖、蛋、肉桂粉混和攪拌成黏稠狀態。\n(2) 將櫻桃切碎粒與葡萄乾一同混和於作法(1)的材料中。\n(3) 準備 2～3 個小鐵杯模型，用油稍微在內部刷一下，然後將\n\t 調好的麵糊倒入模型中。 \n(4)用165度中溫烤35分鐘左右即可。烤好的小蛋糕，放入冰箱冷藏\n\t 1小時便能享用。\n\n\n \n圈圈脆餅\n\n \n材料：\n\n\n\t麵粉1/2 碗、奶粉1/4碗、水少許、杏仁粉 3 小匙、果糖3小匙、\n\t肉桂粉 1又 1/2 小匙、香草精 1/2 小匙、蛋 1 個\n\n \n作法： \n\n\n\n(1) 混和所有的材料，使之攪拌呈糰狀。接著，由圓糰中抽取出\n\t 數個小圓糰，並將小圓糰搓圓一點成球狀。\n(2) 拿出烤盤，把球狀的小圓糰逐一排好，繼而用手指頭在每個圓球\n 糰上壓個小洞。\n(3) 以 170 度的中溫烤 12 分鐘就行了。烤好的小餅干在食用時，\n\t 沾巧克力醬或果醬皆可。\n\n\n\n\n另見\n\n蜂蜜加肉桂粉的神奇療效"],["topImageUrl","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/rwo.gif"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","Cranberries prevent urinary bladder infection"],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/CRAN.htm"],["summary","Cranberry's Health Benefits \n\n\n \n\n小紅苺防尿道膀胱炎\n\n(錄自星島週刊第 656 期)\n\n\n\n 健康食品有益養生\n \n小紅莓味道有點酸，但是含有豐富之維他命A﹑維他命C﹑維他命E﹑ 初花色素 (或\n稱濃縮單寧酸)﹑磷﹑兒茶素 (Catechin) , Vaccinin 等，具有非常好的抗氧化，\n抗菌及淨化效益。近年來的研究更發現。小紅莓富含抗氧化的多酚類物質，適當服\n用有增強免疫系統，防止泌尿感染的作用。其實，美國的原住民自古就知道，小紅\n莓對尿道炎及膀胱炎等泌尿器官疾病有效，把它當作藥物使用。飲用小紅莓汁可對\n人體提供類似天然抗生素的保護作用，不但可當作天然抗生素，也能夠有效地遏止\n抗生素濫用。\n \n小紅莓被稱為(對付膀胱炎) 和(尿道感染的最佳武器之一。專家建議一天喝一杯果\n汁。可以減少尿道，陰道方面的細菌感染風險。若是己得尿道感染疾病，除了吃抗\n生素外?如果每天再喝點蔓越莓汁。將有快速改善病情的效果。資料也顯示，蔓越莓\n還可以有效(抑制幽門螺旋桿菌附著於腸胃內)。(幽門螺旋桿菌就是導致胃潰瘍甚至\n胃癌發生的主因)。它也具有很強的(抗氧化作用) 。可以降低動物硬化對人體所造\n成的身體傷害，還具有(預防心血管疾病)的功能。還有人說，小紅莓的汁對治療花\n粉過敏也很有好處。\n \n\n\n \n 小紅莓醬 \n \n 小紅莓醬 (Cranberry sauce) 含微量納質及豐富食用纖維﹑維他命C 和一種巨效\n力的抗氧化營養素-花青素原。醫學研究指出。小紅莓有效防止尿道及膀胱發炎: 令\n外, 它含的抗氧化營養更能減少因細胞氧化而引致的心臟病, 癌症和其他老化疾病。\n\n 鮮小紅莓本身帶有苦和酸味, 所以常用砂糖來變甜。要減少攝取糖份可以用耐熱的\n代糖作調味或用低糖小紅莓汁來煮其醬汁。小紅莓醬做法十分簡單。把洗淨的小紅\n莓放進鍋裡, 加溫, 加一點水。小紅莓加溫後破開來, 適時攪動一下, 免得鍋底的\n燒糊, 面上的還沒煮開, 等鍋裡所有的莓子都玻開就差不多了。可以根據口味加一\n點兒糖,\n 明星廚師 Emily 的蒜味小紅莓醬\n製造方法﹕ \n\n一袋新鮮小紅莓, 兩頭大蒜切碎, 一杯新鮮橙汁,一個肉桂棒( CINNAMON STICK),\n一茶匙楓糖漿(MAPLE SYRUP), 2 茶匙牛奶, 鹽輿胡椒適量, 將小紅莓﹑肉桂棒﹑橙\n汁倒在鍋內煮到小紅莓皮破, 橙汁減少, 呈醬狀, 加入楓糖漿, 牛奶, 大蒜等, 加\n蓋子燒 2 分鍾, 從爐子上移開, 加藍鹽和胡椒, 沙司可以冷吃或熱吃, \n \n\n \n \n\nCranberries prevent urinary bladder infection\n\n\n(translated from the Sing Tao Weekly No. 656) \n\n\n\n \nThough slightly sour, cranberry is rich in the vitamins A, C and E. Pigments of its flowers in early stage (tannins), phosphorus, catechin (catechuic element), etc. have good antioxidant, antibacterial and purifying effects on human being. In recent years, research found cranberries rich in antioxidant polyphenols, hence can be used to enhance the immune system to prevent urinary tract infections. \n \nLong time ago, native Americans knew cranberries are effective in curing urinary diseases. Drinking cranberry juice can provide protective natural antibiotics without getting the abused effects on the body. \n \nCranberries are known to be the best weapon against bladder inflammation and urinary tract infection. Experts suggest drinking a glass of cranberry juice everyday can reduce urinary tract infection and the risk of having vaginal bacterial infection. Drinking cranberry juice supplemental to taking antibiotics will rapidly improve the clinical results on urinary tract infection. \n \nData also showed that cranberry can be effective in inhibition of H. pylori which can cause stomach ulcer and gastric cancer. It is also a strong anti-oxidation, playing an important role in lowering the risk of artery hardening and in prevention of cardiovascular disease. Some even say that cranberry juice is of great help to people with allergy. \n \n \n\n \nRecipe of Emily's Garlic favor cranberry sauce:\n\n\n\n\nA bag of fresh cranberries, 2 chopped garlic, a cup of fresh orange juice, 1 cinnamon stick,\n1 teaspoon maple syrup, 2 teaspoons milk, small amount of salt and pepper. \nCook cranberries, cinnamon stick, orange juice in a pot until cranberry skin breaks open and the mixture turns sticky. Add maple syrup, milk and garlic. Cook 2 more minutes with the pot covered. Finally add add salt and pepper. Eat cold or hot at your preference. \n\n\n\n\n\n \n\n \n\n\n目錄 \n \n\n\n\n Scroll down for English\n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n更多"],["topImageUrl","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/rwo.gif"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","The Amazing Hair Dryer"],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/HDRY.htm"],["summary","Scroll down\nfor English\n\n \n\n\n\nThe Amazing Hair Dryer\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n[Translation] \n\n\nThe Amazing Hair Dryer \n\n (by Z. D. Zhou) \n\n\nNot long ago a friend took her ten-year-old boy to my house looking for to my wife, saying that her child had hiccups all day long. The child was very uncomfortable and unable to eat at all. After she checked, my wife said there was a muscle spasm in his diaphragm. Without hesitation, she took out a blow dryer, turned on the power and started blowing at the boy's stomach. About 10 minutes later, the boy burped and fell relieved. We were surprised that this thing can do the trick. But my just wife smiled. \n\nA few days later, I had a stiff neck when I woke up in the morning. I could hardly turn my head. I recalled my stiff neck problem was treated a few times by acupuncture and cupping when I was younger. I asked my wife for the similar treatment. She said there weren't any needles at home nor any suitable small jars for cupping. She just took out a hair dryer. I couldn't help laughing. Again? This thing can cure stiff neck too? Amazing! \n\nShe blew on my shoulders and my neck for about 15 minutes. My neck was really loosened up. I could turn my head now. Later in the evening, she repeated that on me once more. The pain in my neck was significantly reduced. I crowned her the \"queen of blow drying\".\n \nShe explained that this was inspired by the method people used in the old days. In hospitals, with all the modern equipments we have, doctors do not need blow dryers. Back in the old days, in rural villages especially, doctors were poorly equipped with medical supplies. So they came up with other means to treat patients with common pains. \n\nSuddenly I realized this is the thermal effect on pains with the heat generated by a blow dryer. Modern physiotherapy equipment such as electric, laser, thermal, ultrasound and others can easily generate heat for effective treatment. They are, of course, more powerful then a blow dryer. However, when they are not available, using a blow dryer to generate heat will also work, temporarily at least, on common pains such as back pain, muscle spasm, stiff neck, leg cramps, etc. It is easily accessible and easy to operate as long as there is electricity. The blow dryer is really amazing. Try it. Hope it works for you too. \n\n\n \n\n\n\n \n\n \n\n\n目錄"],["topImageUrl","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/hairdryer.jpg"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","Cinnamon with Honey Health Effects"],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/CINH.htm"],["summary","蜂蜜和肉桂的混合物能治愈大多數疾病。 Ayurvedic 和 Yunani 醫學，一直都使用\n蜂蜜作為這幾個世紀以來，重要的醫學研究。今日的科學家也接受蜂蜜可以治愈大\n多數疾病。蜂蜜可用在各種疾病且沒有任何副作用。今日的科學也指出，蜂蜜雖\n甜，但適當的劑量並不危害患有糖尿病的病患。一本加拿大著名的雜誌 \"Weekly World \nNews\" 於 1995/1/17 曾發表，蜂蜜和肉桂可以治愈下列等疾病。\n\n \n關節炎 \n\n微溫的水加入一匙蜂蜜及一小匙肉桂粉，在身體發癢的地方塗上並按摩。大部份疼\n痛可在15分鐘內退去。關節炎病患每天可飲一杯加入兩匙蜂蜜和一小匙肉桂粉的熱\n水。如果定期喝，慢性關節炎可被治癒。哥本哈根大學近期做的研究發現，醫生利\n用蜂蜜加肉桂粉的混合物來治癒病人，但需在早餐前食用。一星期後，約200名病患\n試用此療法，73名病患疼痛在一個月內明顯減少。大部份的病患在試用此療法前，\n走路都不太方便，試用後，病患可走路且疼痛也減少了。\n\n \n掉髮 \n\n那些受掉髮或者有禿頭之苦者，可在洗澡前用熱橄欖油，加一大匙蜂蜜及一匙肉桂\n粉在頭髮上停留約15分鐘後再洗頭。即使只停留五分鐘也很有效。\n\n \n膀胱感染 \n\n喝一杯加有二大匙肉桂粉及一大匙蜂蜜的熱水，可殺死膀胱裡的細菌。\n\n \n牙痛 \n\n 在牙痛的地方，塗上一大匙肉桂粉及五大匙蜂蜜做成的糊狀物，一天三次，直到\n牙齒不痛為止。 \n\n \n膽固醇 \n\n二大匙蜂蜜和三大匙肉桂粉加入16盎司的茶，給有膽固醇的病患喝，二個小時內可\n減少血液裡10%膽固醇。一天三次可減少膽固醇含量。從一本醫學雜誌裡得到的訊\n息：Medical Journal 表示，每日飯後食用純的蜂蜜可減少膽固醇。 . \n\n \n感冒 \n\n感冒的人可連續三天食用，一大匙微熱蜂蜜加 1/4 匙肉桂粉。這個過程可治癒慢性\n咳嗽、感冒及清理靜脈竇。 \n\n \n不孕 \n\n Yunani 和 Ayurvedic 多年來一直使用蜂蜜加強男性的精液。如果陽萎的男性定\n期在睡前食用二大匙蜂蜜，他們的問題就可解決。幾世紀以來，中國、日本及遠東\n地區，沒有懷孕及需加強子宮的婦女，都有食用肉桂粉。不能懷孕的婦女，可把半\n匙蜂蜜加入少量肉桂粉塗在牙床上，慢慢混著唾液吞入。在美國 Maryland 的一對\n夫婦，已經 14 年沒有孩子且已不抱任何希望。當這對夫婦得知這訊息，兩人開始\n食用蜂蜜加肉桂粉，幾個月後，妻子懷孕且是雙胞胎。 \n\n \n腸胃不適 \n\n蜂蜜加肉桂粉，可治癒胃痛及胃潰瘍。胃氣/腸氣：根據印度及日本所做的研究發\n現，食用蜂蜜加肉桂粉可以減少胃氣及胃痛。\n\n \n消化不良 \n\n飯前食用二大匙蜂蜜加肉桂粉，可減少胃酸且\n幫助食物的消化。 \n\n \n心臟病 \n\n早餐定期吃塗有蜂蜜和肉桂粉的麵包。它可減少動脈的膽固醇且可避免心臟病發作。\n 對於過去曾有心臟病發作的病患，只要每天食用，就可避免再一次的心臟病發作。\n 定期遵守上述的步驟，可減輕呼吸困難的症狀且可加強心跳。\n在美國及加拿大，很多的療養院都有成功的例子發現，當病患的動靜脈阻塞時，蜂\n蜜和肉桂粉可改善血液流動。 \n\n \n免疫系統 \n\n每日食用蜂蜜和肉桂粉，可加強免疫系統及防護細菌及病毒的侵害。科學家發現蜂\n蜜有大量的維生素和鐵。連續食用蜂蜜，可加強白血球對抗細菌及病毒。\n\n \n流行性感冒 \n\n西班牙科學家已證實，蜂蜜具有可殺死流行性感冒及預防感冒的天然要素。\n\n \n老化 \n\n定期喝茶並加上蜂蜜和肉桂粉，可預防老化。將 4 大匙蜂蜜加一大匙肉桂粉及三\n杯水煮沸。每天喝3-4次，一次1/4杯，可保持皮膚光滑且預防老化。也可延長壽命，\n讓你更年輕﹗\n\n \n青春痘 \n\n將三大匙蜂蜜加一大匙肉桂粉調成糊狀，睡前塗在青春痘處，隔天早上用溫水洗去，\n連續兩周，可消除青春痘。 \n\n \n皮膚感染 \n\n蜂蜜加肉桂粉可治癒溼疹、輪癬及其他皮膚感染。\n只要將蜂蜜加入肉桂粉，塗在感染處即可。 \n\n \n身體過重 \n\n每天早上空腹，在早餐前三十分鐘及睡前喝一杯用蜂蜜加肉桂粉煮的水。定期喝可\n以減重。定期喝，即使吃高卡路里的食物，也不會讓身體堆積脂肪。\n\n \n癌症 \n\n根據日本和澳洲近期的研究發現，胃癌和骨癌可利用此法治癒。癌症病患應食用三\n大匙蜂蜜加一大匙肉桂粉，一天三次，連續一個月，並持續進行腫瘤療程。\n\n\n \n疲勞 \n\n近期的研究顯示，蜂蜜的含糖量對人體的幫助大於傷害。有食用蜂蜜和肉桂粉的老\n年人比較靈活。針對這題材已完成廣泛研究的 Dr. Milton 表示，當活力減少時，\n可每天刷牙後及午後三點左右喝一杯水加半匙蜂蜜及少量肉桂粉，一星期活力就會\n增加。 \n\n \n口臭 \n\n南美洲的人，每天都會將熱水加一大匙蜂蜜及肉桂粉來漱口，這樣可以讓口氣整天\n保持清新。\n\n \n聽力喪失 \n\n每天食用蜂蜜加肉桂粉可恢復聽力。 \n\n[Translation]\nThe magical effect of honey with cinnamon\n\nA mixture of honey and cinnamon can cure most diseases. For centuries Ayurvedic \nand Yunani medicine has used honey as an important medical research. Today,\n scientists also accept honey can cure a variety of diseases. Honey can \nbe used in curing diseases without any side effects. Today's science also \npoints out that although honey is sweet, it does not harm patients with diabetes \nwhen appropriate dosage is taken. A well-known Canadian magazine \"Weekly \nWorld\nNews \" published on 1995/1/17, that honey and cinnamon can cure the following \ndiseases\n\n\n\n\n\nArthritis: - \n\nMix 2 spoonful of lukewarm water with 1 teaspoon of honey and 1 teaspoon \nof cinnamon powder. By applying the solution to the aching part of the body \nand massaging, most pain can recede within 15 minutes. Add 2 spoonful of \n honey and 1 teaspoon of cinnamon to a cup of hot water to make a drink. \nIf an arthritis patient drinks this daily on a regular basis, chronic arthritis \ncan be cured. In a recent research done at Copenhagen University, Demark \ndoctors tried to give a mixture of honey and cinnamon to their patients \nto take before breakfast. Of the 200 patients who participated, 73 patients \nsignificantly reduced the pain within a month. Most of the patients who \nhave difficulty in walking, found after the trial have pain decreased and \nsome even improved in walking.\n\n\n\nHair loss: - \n\n hair loss or baldness can apply hot olive oil with 1 teaspoon of honey \nand 1 tablespoon of cinnamon on the skull for 5 to 15 minutes before shampooing.\n \n\n\nBladder infection: - \ndrinking hot water with 2 tablespoons of cinnamon powder and 1 tablespoon \nof honey can kill the bacteria inside the bladder.\n\n\nToothache: - \n Mix 1 tablespoon of cinnamon powder and 5 spoons of honey to come with \npaste. Spread the paste on the aching area 3 times a day until pain goes away.\n\n\n\nCold: - \n If you catch cold, you can take a tablespoon of honey and 1/4 spoon of \ncinnamon powder heated warm, 3 times a day. This can cure chronic cough, \ncold and clear sinus.\n\n\n\nInfertility: - \nYunani and Ayurvedic have been using honey for years to strengthen the semen \nof men. If impotent men regularly take two tablespoons of honey before going \nto bed, their problem can be resolved. For centuries, people in China, Japan \nand the Far East, have used cinnamon to strengthen the uterus of women \nwho cannot get pregnant. Add a small amount of cinnamon to 1/2 tablespoon \nof honey, then coated the mixture on the gum and slowly swallow it. It is \nsaid that this treatment can help infertility. In Maryland of the United \nStates a couple could not have children after they had married for14 years. \nWhen the couple heard the method, they began to try and gradually increased \nconsumption of honey and cinnamon. A few months later, the wife got pregnant \nand eventually gave birth to twins.\n\n\n\nStomach discomfort: - \nAccording to researches done in India and Japan, consumption of honey and \ncinnamon powder can reduce stomachache and intestinal gas pain.\n\n\n\nIndigestion: - \n taking 2 tablespoons of honey mixed with cinnamon powder before meals \ncan help digest food and reduce gastric acid.\n\n\n\nHeart disease: - \nWhen eating breakfast, coat your bread with honey and cinnamon. If you do \nthis on a regular basis, it will help to reduce cholesterol in the arteries \nand may prevent a heart attack. This will also reduce the symptoms of breathing \ndifficulties and enhance the heart function. In the United States and \nCanada, examples of success are found in many nursing homes when honey and \ncinnamon are given to treat patients with venous obstruction. \n\n\n\nImmune system: - \ndaily consumption of honey and cinnamon can strengthen the immune system \nand protect against bacteria and viruses. Scientists found that honey has \na lot of vitamins and iron. Continuous consumption of honey can enhance \nleukocyte in fighting against bacteria and viruses.\n\n\n\nInfluenza: - \nSpanish scientists have confirmed that honey and cinnamon can help in prevention \nof influenza and common cold.\n\n\n\nAging: - \nregular consumption of honey and cinnamon tea can slow down the aging process.\n \nAdd 4 tablespoons of honey, 1 tablespoon of cinnamon powder to 3 cups of \nboiling water. Drink 1 cup each time, 3-4 times a day will keep you skin \nsmooth and make you look younger!\n\n\n\nPimples: - \nground 1 tablespoon of cinnamon with 3 spoons of honey into a paste. Spread \npaste on pimples before going to bed. Wash off paste with warm water the \nnext morning. Pimples will disappear in 2 weeks.\n\n\n\nSkin infection: - \ncinnamon and honey can cure eczema, psoriasis and other skin infections. \nJust add cinnamon to honey and put on the infected areas.\n\n\n\nOverweight: - \n30 minutes before breakfast and 30 minutes before bed time drink a cup of \nboiled water with honey and cinnamon. Regular drinking of this can help you lose \nweight, even if you have high-calorie food because honey and cinnamon do \nnot allow accumulation of body fat.\n\n\n\nCancer: - \n according to recent studies in Japan and Australia, honey and cinnamon \ncan be used to cure gastric cancer and bone cancer. Cancer patients eat \nthree spoons of honey and 1 tablespoon of ground cinnamon together, three \ntimes a day, as an ongoing cancer treatment.\n\n\n\nFatigue: - \nRecent studies have shown that the sugar content in honey is of more help \nthan harm on the human body. Consumption of honey and cinnamon makes the \nelderly more energetic. \n In an extensive research on this subject, Dr. Milton said that whenever \nyou feel your energy level is down, you can drinking a glass of water with \nhoney and a small amount of cinnamon in the morning after brushing your \nteeth and in the afternoon around 3:00 p.m. After 2 weeks, your energy level \nwill be back.\n\n\n\nBad breath: - \nSouth Americans use hot water with 1 tablespoon of honey and cinnamon to \nrinse their mouth everyday. It keeps you breath fresh all day long.\n\n\n\nHearing loss: - \ndaily consumption of honey cinnamon can restore hearing.\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nScroll down\n\n to see English"],["topImageUrl","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/cinnamon_sticks.gif"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title",""],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/LMNA.htm"],["summary","[Brief English Translation]\n\n\nDrink lemonade for health \n\n\n\n\nWash the lemons, make juice, then freeze into ice cubes. Seale them with a zipper bag and store them in the refrigerator for daily use. Making lemonade with the lemon juice ice-cubes is easy.\nLemon is good for your heart and bones as well as blood circulation. Lacking vitamin C for a long period is detrimental to your health. Experts suggest lemon drinks can be a remedy.\n \nAccording to a professor of the Japanese Ministry of Ibaraki Christian University, the death rate of the cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases is far higher than cancer. Many office workers who often have high calorie and high fat food, high pressure, and inadequate movement are at high risk of chronic cardiovascular diseases. According to his research, prevention of such diseases in the first step is to start with improved diet. He suggested that lemon being antioxidant with inhibition of free radicals is a good choice. Besides, people who have osteoporosis due to calcium deficiency can also drink lemon juice for improvement. \n\nLemon can enhance blood circulation and attract calcium. Moreover, the price of lemon is not that expensive. So, instead of buying expensive health medicine, it is wise to take advantage on lemon for health maintenance. \n\n\n[Benefits of lemon juice]\n\n\n\n \nLemon is highly alkaline: \nthe treatment was considered good medicine for most diseases, such as cough, phlegm, spleen deficiency. It's rich in vitamin C, and good for blood circulation. \nIt can prevent cancer, lower cholesterol, reduce fatigue, increase immunity, slow aging and maintain skin elasticity, as well as overcome diabetes, hypertension, anemia, colds, osteoporosis and so on.\n\nBoost memory: \nAccording to the latest study intake of vitamin C and vitamin E helps to strengthen memory and improve response. Degradation of blood circulation can have adverse impact on the brain, preventing the brain from function properly. Experts suggest that the efficacy of lemon with water-soluble antioxidant and vitamin C can help in maintaining the memory without any side effects. Lemon is a readily available health product in our daily life.\n\nImprovement of Osteoporosis: \nlemon citrate can enhance the body's absorption of calcium.\nHence, increases the bone mineral density and prevents osteoporosis."],["topImageUrl","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/lemonade.gif"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title",""],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/AMAH.htm"],["summary","Life After Middle Age\n \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n\n[Translation]\n\n\n\nA buddhist master once said in New York United Daily News:\n\nWith the ups and downs in one's life, a smooth journey is quite rare. Health, social environment, etc., are always unpredictable. Only if you are prepared in a variety of conditions, you can overcome obstacles to move forward. I often advise people that don't get too excited on ups and don't be so despair on downs. This way your life will be much easier.\n\n\nAfter mid age, with the natural degradation of body functions, one will begin to experience back pain, dizziness, tinnitus, gastroenteritis, constipation, high blood pressure, heart disease, kidney disease, diabetes, arthritis and other chronic diseases. While the health condition is not be under your controlled, it is possible to avoid or minimize the chronic diseases if you pay attention to your diet and preserve with exercise.\n\n\nIf business, property, wealth or social status are you goals, you will be \nattracted with endless pain throughout your life. In fact wealthy, but not healthy, is in meaningless. In case of serious illness, not only you are painful, your family and friends also suffer. Therefore, only good health will enable you enjoy life.\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n\n \n\nmenu"],["topImageUrl","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/amida.gif"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","FOOD VALUES"],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/Food_files/frame.htm"],["summary",""],["topImageUrl",""],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","Myocardial infarction first aid"],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/HAET.htm"],["summary","(圖一)\n\n\n (圖二)\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n (1)\n\n\n (2)\n\n\n\n\n\n\n 搶救黃金三十秒寶貴\n\n\n心肌梗塞就是心臟缺氧，心臟缺氧導致血液凝固，血液無法將氧氣輸送至腦部，就\n會造成腦死。搶救的黃金時間只有三十秒。 \n \n心肌梗塞發生前一兩個月通常都有胸悶現象，時好時壞，病發的一、兩天會特別累、\n感覺很悶。這時候就要特別注意。 \n \n患者不分老少，請務必讓您身邊的人學會以下搶救的方法。 \n\n第一步 \n\n\n持續呼叫他的名字，讓患者保持清醒，絕對別讓他睡著。 \n \n身上最好準備一小瓶沉香油。沉香油是急救之王。心臟名藥「救心」即是沉香所提\n煉。首先，將沉香油滴幾滴到患者的舌頭上。\n\n\n第二步 \n\n\n用手指壓人中，壓到患者眉頭皺 (見圖一)\n\n握空拳，反覆滾壓膻中到華蓋這個區域，刺激心臟肌肉。(見圖二)\n\n以右手握空拳，左手疊合其上，用身體的力量從右到左滾壓胸腔，壓、滾時，提醒\n患者吸氣；手放開時吐氣。 \n\n直到患者兩肩會動，臉色轉好。\n\n\n 如果您發病時身邊無人可幫忙，請您： \n \n 一、用力咳嗽； \n 二、用力搥胸； \n 三、趴在地上，滾動胸腔。 \n \n珍重生命，請大家告訴大家 \n\n\n中華氣機導引文化研究會祝福您享受健康的人生 \n\n\n\n\nMyocardial infarction first aid\n\n\n[Translated from Qiji Daoyin's circulation] \n\n\n\n\n The first 30 seconds is absolutely vital. \n\n\nMyocardial infarction is heart hypoxia resulting in blood coagulation, hence unable to transport oxygen to the brain. This in turn leads to brain damage. Prime time to rescue is only 30 seconds. \n \nTwo months prior to myocardial infarction, the symptoms are usually occasional chest tightness, bad mood and tired. One or two days prior, the patient will be completely exhausted. If this condition exists, one must pay special attention. \n\nThis could happen to anyone regardless of his/hers age. So people around you must be equipped the following first aid knowledge. \n\n\nStep 1 \n\nDo not let the patient fall asleep. Continuous say his/her name, to keep the patient awake. \nPrepare a small bottle of incense oil (agalloch eaglewood oil is the king of first aid). Put a few drops of incense oil on the patient's tongue. \n\n\n\nStep 2 \n\nUse a finger apply pressure on the patient's \"ren zhong\", the mid-point between the nose and the upper lip, till he/she frowns. (see diagram 1)\n\nHold fist to repeatedly roll on the mid chest region to stimulate movement of the heart muscle. (see diagram 2)\n\n\nPut the left hand on the right fist, apply pressure the help of the body weight to roll from right to left on the chest. Instruct the patient to inhale when you apply pressure, and exhale when you release. \n\nContinue until the patient moves his/her shoulders and his/her face turn to look normal. \n\n If you don't have anyone around you when this occurs, you can do these: \n \n 1, cough strongly; \n 2. hit your chest hard with fists; \n 3, lie on the floor, roll chest left and right vigorously \n \nLife is precious, please tell others about this. \n\n \nThe Qiji Daoyin Cultural Studies wishes you a healthy life. \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nScroll down for English"],["topImageUrl","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/HAET1.jpg"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","Wolfberry (Gogi) to promote metabolism"],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/WOLF.htm"],["summary","以前膚色真的泛黃，現在“黃裡透紅------淡咖啡色，羨慕吧！\n而且血液循環變好，指頭末梢和嘴唇都不容易乾裂，體力也變好，\n只要持續每天當茶喝兩個月，保證有成果！\n\n美女秘方：枸杞+黃耆+紅棗+數朵菊花+洋蔘. 補了嗎？\n\n那------枸杞+紅棗　- 很棒了！(李心潔都這樣喝喔！)\n量隨你抓，煮過會比用泡的效果好！\n枸杞最適合用來消除疲勞，\n枸杞能預防動脈硬化及防止老化，還具有溫暖身體的作用。\n驚人的療效令人讚歎！\n\n枸杞是一種具有強韌生命力及精力的植物，非常適合用來消除疲勞。\n \n\n\n\n\n它能夠促進血液循環、防止動脈硬化、.還可預防肝臟內脂肪的囤積，\n再加上枸杞內所含有的各種維他命、必需胺基酸及亞麻油酸全面性地的運作，\n更可以\n\n促進體內的新陳代謝，也能夠防止老化。\n\n枸杞可分為三個部分來使用：\n \n\n\n枸杞葉可用來泡「枸杞茶」，\n飲用紅色果實「枸杞子」可用於做菜或泡茶，\n枸杞根又稱為「地骨皮」，一般當作藥材使用，因此，\n實在稱得上是物盡其用。而且長期食用枸杞或飲用枸杞茶，也不會有副作用。\n\n它的藥效十分廣泛，具有\n解熱、治療糖尿病、止咳化痰等療效，\n而將枸杞根煎煮後飲用，能夠\n\n降血壓，\n\n至於枸杞茶則具有\n\n治療體質虛寒、性冷感、健胃、肝腎疾病、肺結核、便祕、失眠、\n低血壓、貧血、各種眼疾、掉髮、口腔炎、護膚\n等各種效果。\n但是，由於枸杞溫熱身體的效果相當強，患有高血壓、性情太過急躁的人，\n或平日大量攝取肉類導致面泛紅光的老饕們最好不要食用。\n相反地，若是體質虛弱、常感冒、抵抗力差的人最好每天食用。\n\n枸杞中藥常識\n\n\n\n\n枸杞味甘，性平，無毒。《神農本草經》謂「久服堅筋骨，輕身不老」。唐代甄權\n《藥性本草》謂：「補精氣諸不足，易顏色，變白，明目安神，令人長壽。」這說\n明枸杞既使人美容，又令人長壽。枸杞為茄科落葉灌木寧夏枸杞 Lycium barbarum \nL. 的全株。枸杞果又名枸杞子，紅潤甘美，味同葡萄，可作果食。以中國寧夏、甘\n肅產的為優。\n根據研究，枸杞果實和根葉含甜菜鹼、多種不飽和脂肪酸、維他命 B1 、B2、C、菸\n酸、胡蘿蔔素以及微量元素鈣、磷、鐵等。其中枸杞甜菜鹼有抗脂肪肝和保護肝臟\n的作用。\n枸杞有降血壓、降血糖的功效。而肥胖人、中老年人多見脂肪肝、高血壓和糖尿病，\n枸杞能治療這些病，無疑有利於輕身、健美、長壽。\n枸杞果還能使機體T淋巴細胞增加，增強免疫功能，所以有延緩衰老、耐老的作用。\n有指春採枸杞葉，名「天精草」；夏採枸杞花，名「長生草」；秋採子，名「枸杞\n子」；冬採根，名「地骨皮」。《保壽堂方》有服食枸杞返老還童之例，老人堅持\n長期服食枸杞，除了活到百多歲仍能行走如飛之外，還會髮白返黑，陽事強健，齒\n落更生。\n\n \nEnglish Translation\n\n\n\n [The following is an excerpt translated from the above for reference only. Use of terms may not be accurate according to the original.] \n\n\n\n\n\nWolfberry is a kind of robust vitality and energy of the plant. It is most suitable for treatment of fatigue. \n\n\nIt can promote blood circulation; prevent atherosclerosis and liver fat accumulation. Wolfberry contains a variety of vitamins, essential amino acids and linoleum acid to promote the body metabolism, and to slow down aging. \n\n\nIts efficacy covers a wide range, and is often used to cure fever, diabetes, cough and phlegm. Drinking tea made from the wolfberry roots, helps in treatment of physical deficiency, frigid, stomach, liver and kidney diseases, tuberculosis, constipation, insomnia, low blood pressure, anemia, various eye disease, hair loss, stomatitis, skin care and other effects. \n\n\nHowever, the body warming effect of wolfberry is quite strong warm. Therefore it is not suitable for people with hypertension, high blood pressure or those who have impatient temperament.\n\n \n\n\n\n\n\n相關資料﹕\n\n\n\n\n\n紅棗保肝補氣"],["topImageUrl","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/goji.gif"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","JUJUBES Chinese Red Dates"],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/JUJU.htm"],["summary","經常熬夜的朋友要多多服用哦！小小一顆紅棗，功效卻很強。\n紅棗不僅營養非常豐富，而且還能保護肝臟。\n在平時的養生中，善用紅棗，對身體的助益很大。\n中國的草藥書籍「本經」中記載到，\n紅棗味甘性溫、歸脾胃經，有補中益氣、養血安神、緩和藥性的功能；\n而現代的藥理學則發現，紅棗含有蛋白質、脂肪、醣類、有機酸、\n維生素Ａ、維生素Ｃ、微量鈣多種氨基酸等豐富的營養成份。\n現代的藥理學同時還發現，紅棗能提高體內單核---\n吞噬細胞系統的吞噬功能，\n\n有保護肝臟，增強體力\n的作用。\n這個發現和中醫用紅棗組方「養肝湯」來養肝排毒的方法不謀而合。\n\n醫星球醫星顧問莊淑旂博士大力推薦剖腹產的婦女產前應喝養肝湯，\n她認為剖腹產的婦女，喝養肝湯不僅可以排解麻藥的毒性，保護肝臟，\n減輕手術後的疼痛，而養肝湯的作法：紅棗七顆洗淨，\n每顆以小刀劃出直紋幫助養分溢出，然後用滾水兩百八十西西加蓋，\n浸泡八個小時以上，接著再加蓋隔水蒸一個小時即成。\n紅棗有如此奇妙之功效，同時又物美價廉，民眾應該多加利用。\n \n\n\n\n『紅棗』補氣養血：小小一顆紅棗，功效卻很強。\n\n\n中醫的方子裡，常常見到它的蹤影，因為紅棗有緩和藥性的功能；\n紅棗能補氣養血，是很好的營養品。\n中國的草藥書籍「本經」中記載到，紅棗味甘性溫、脾胃經，\n有補中益氣，養血安神，緩和藥性的功能。\n現代藥理研究現，紅棗能使血中含氧量增強、滋養全身細胞，\n是一種藥效緩和的強壯劑。在中藥學裡，紅棗的應用可分為以下幾種：\n\n1. 健脾益胃：脾胃虛弱、腹瀉、倦怠無力的人，每日吃紅棗七顆，\n或與黨參、白朮共用，能 \n補中益氣、健脾胃，達到增加食慾、止瀉的功效；\n紅棗和生薑、半夏同用，可治療飲食不慎所引起的胃炎如胃脹、嘔吐等症狀。\n\n2. 補氣養血：紅棗為補養佳品，食療藥膳中常加入紅棗補養身體、滋潤氣血。\n台大免疫學孫安迪博士大力提倡平時多吃紅棗、黃耆、枸杞，\n能提昇身體的元氣，增強免疫力。\n\n3. 養血安神：女性躁鬱症、哭泣不安、心神不寧等，\n用紅棗和甘草、小麥同用〈甘麥大棗湯〉，\n可起到\n\n養血安神、舒肝解鬱的功效。\n\n4. 緩和藥性：紅棗常被用於藥性劇烈的藥方中，\n以減少烈性藥的副作用，並保護正氣。\n\n如：「十棗湯」中，用大棗緩解甘遂、大戟、蕪花等瀉藥的毒性，\n保護脾胃不受傷害。\n\n紅棗是補氣養血的聖品，同時又物美價廉，\n民眾無需去買坊間昂貴的補品，善用紅棗即可達到養生保健的功效。\n\n\n\n \nJujubes- (Chinese red dates) \n\n\n\n \n [The following is an excerpt translated from the above for reference only. Use of terms may not be accurate according to the original.] \n\n\n\nBesides extremely nutritious, Jujube (red dates) also has great health benefits. It is commonly known as the liver's body guard. Chinese herbal medicine books recorded that Jujube as \"sweet and warm\", and is most effective in nourishing the spleen and stomach meridians. Modern pharmacology found Jujube contains protein, fat, carbohydrates, organic acids, vitamin A, vitamin C, calcium, amino acids and other nutrients. Modern pharmacology also found that dates can protect the liver and play an important role in physical strength of human-being. \n \nIn the herbal pharmacy, the applications of Jujube (red dates) can be classified into the following categories: \n\n1. to enhance the spleen and stomach: \n2. to enhance the Chi and blood flow. \n3. to nourish the blood cells \n4. to neutralize the potent drugs \n\nJujubes, while inexpensive, can be used by ordinary people to achieve effective health care."],["topImageUrl","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/jujube2.gif"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","Diabetes mellitus"],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/DIAB.htm"],["summary","YESï¼ç³–å°¿ç—…å°¿æ¶²ä¸æœƒå«æœ‰ç³–åˆ†ç•¶æˆ‘å€‘é€²é£Ÿæ™‚ï¼Œèº«é«”æœƒè‡ªå‹•å°‡åƒé€²åŽ»çš„æ¾±ç²‰è½‰æ›æˆè‘¡è„ç³–ï¼Œä½œç‚ºèº«é«”çš„ç†±é‡ä¾†æºï¼Œæ¤æ™‚ä¾¿éœ€è¦èƒ°å³¶ç´ æ‰èƒ½è®“è‘¡è„ç³–é€²å…¥ç´°èƒžä¸ï¼Œä»¥æä¾›ç†±é‡ã€‚é€ æˆç³–å°¿ç—…çš„åŽŸå› å°±æ˜¯äººé«”å…§ä¸èƒ½è£½é€ è¶³å¤ çš„èƒ°å³¶ç´ ï¼Œå°Žè‡´è‘¡è„ç³–ç„¡æ³•å……åˆ†é€²å…¥ç´°èƒžå…§ï¼ŒéŽå¤šçš„ç³–åˆ†ä¾¿ç©èšåœ¨è¡€æ¶²ä¸ï¼Œä½¿è¡€ç³–æ¿ƒåº¦å¢žé«˜ã€è…Žè‡Ÿè² æ“”å¢žåŠ ï¼Œä¸¦ç¶“ç”±å°¿æ¶²æŽ’å‡ºï¼Œæ•…ç¨±ç‚ºç³–å°¿ç—…ã€‚NOï¼ç˜¦åä¹Ÿæœ‰å¯èƒ½ç½¹æ‚£ç³–å°¿ç—…ç³–å°¿ç—…æ˜¯ä¸€ç¨®ç³–é¡žä»£è¬å¤±è¡¡çš„ç–¾ç—…ï¼Œä¸»è¦ç™¼ç—…æˆå› ç²—åˆ†æˆå…©é¡žï¼š(Type \nI diabetes) \nç¬¬1åž‹ï¼šèº«é«”çš„å…ç–«ç³»çµ±å°è‡ªèº«ä½œå‡ºæ”»æ“Šï¼Œç ´å£žèƒ°è‡Ÿï¼Œè®“èº«é«”ç„¡æ³•è£½é€ èƒ°å³¶ç´ ã€‚ç™¼ç—…å¹´é½¡å¤šåœ¨é’å°‘å¹´æˆ–å¹¼å…’æ™‚æœŸï¼Œæ‚£è€…é«”åž‹å¤šå±¬æ¸…ç˜¦ï¼Œè€Œä¸”é€šå¸¸åœ¨å¾ˆçŸçš„æ™‚é–“å…§ä¾¿æœƒé¡¯ç¾åƒå¤šã€å–å¤šã€å°¿å¤šï¼Œä»¥åŠç–²å€¦ã€å™å¿ƒã€å£æ¸´ã€é«”é‡æ¸›è¼•ã€è¦–åŠ›ä¸‹é™ã€å¸¸å—æ„ŸæŸ“ã€å’Œå‚·å£è¼ƒé›£ç—Šç™’ã€‚(Type \nII diabetes) \nç¬¬2åž‹ï¼šèº«é«”å¯ä»¥åˆ†æ³Œè¶³å¤ çš„èƒ°å³¶ç´ ï¼Œä½†å»ç„¡æ³•å……ä»½ä½¿ç”¨ï¼Œä¹…è€Œä¹…ä¹‹é€ æˆèƒ°å³¶ç´ 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¸å‡†å—æ¨£ï¼Œå¦å‰‡èª¤ä¿¡åæ–¹åè€Œé©å¾—å…¶åã€‚ä½œæ¯æŽ§åˆ¶ï¼ç›¡é‡ç¶æŒå¿ƒæƒ…å¹³éœï¼Œå¸ç¿’å…‹æœç·Šå¼µã€æŽ’è§£å£“åŠ›çš„æ–¹æ³•ã€‚å¹³æ™‚ä¸ç†¬å¤œã€å–é…’ï¼Œæˆ’é™¤å¸ç…™ç¿’æ…£ï¼Œä¸¦é¤Šæˆå®šæœŸå¥åº·æª¢æŸ¥çš„ç¿’æ…£ã€‚å¦å¤–ï¼Œé©åº¦çš„é‹å‹•å¯ä¿ƒé€²è¡€æ¶²å¾ªç’°åŠèº«é«”çš„æ–°é™³ä»£è¬ã€‚"],["topImageUrl","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/DIAB_2.gif"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","The right time to do (exercise, sleep, etc.)"],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/TIME.htm"],["summary","好朋友﹐能把握最佳時間做﹐有益健康.....\n\n\n\n唸書的最佳時間﹕ \n早上醒來頭腦一定會昏昏的，但去洗把臉後，就會清醒多了，這時也是頭腦最清醒\n的時候，而在此時唸書或是記東西都會比較容易！ \n運動的最佳時間﹕\n在早晨的時候出去散散步是不錯的，因為早晨的空氣是最新鮮的，在散步時多呼\n吸些清新的空氣，不僅可以提神，對身體又很有幫助，但切記不要做劇烈運動喔！\n\n吃水果的最佳時間﹕ \n 飯前一小時吃水果最有益，因為水果是生食，吃生食再吃熟食，體內就不會有白\n細胞增高的反應，有利於保護人體免疫系統，增強防病抗癌的能力。(鳳梨,橘子,香\n蕉,宜飯後) \n\n鍛煉的最佳時間﹕ \n 傍晚時鍛鍊身體是最好的，因為人的各種活動都受〝生物鐘〞的\n影響，無論是身體的適應或體力的發揮都在下午近傍晚時分最佳，早上則反之，運\n動時的血壓和心率都較傍晚時高，對人體有害。 \n\n洗澡的最佳時間﹕ \n晚上臨睡前，洗一次溫水澡能讓全身的肌肉和關節放鬆，有助於安然入睡。\n減肥的最佳時間 ﹕ \n飯後 45分鐘。在二十分鐘內散步行程1600米，最有利於減肥。如過二小時後再散\n步二十分鐘，則減肥效果更佳。 \n睡眠的最佳時間 ﹕\n午睡最好從午後一小時開始，這時身體感覺較遲鈍，很容易入睡。晚上則以十時至\n十一時上床最佳，因為人的深睡時間一般在夜晚二時至淩晨三時，而人在睡後一個\n半小時進入深睡狀態。 \n\n(請參閱睡覺的訣竅一文。)\n\n刷牙的最佳時間﹕\n 應在每次進食後三分鐘內，因為飯後三分口腔內的細菌開始分解食物殘渣中的酸\n性物質，腐蝕溶解牙釉質。 \n護膚的最佳時間 >人體皮膚的新陳代謝夜間十二時至凌晨六時最為旺盛，因此睡前\n 護膚有促進和保護皮膚新陳代謝及保護皮膚健美的作用。 \n\n飲茶的最佳時間﹕\n飯後立即喝茶不科學，因為飯後立即喝茶，茶葉中的鞣酸可與食物中的鐵結合成不\n溶的鐵鹽，降低鐵的吸收，時間長了容易誘發貧血，等飯後一小時，食物中的鐵\n質已基本吸收完畢，這時喝茶就不會影響鐵的吸收了。 \n\n記住了﹐我親愛的朋友！ \n希望人人都能選對時間﹐才有健康的身體 \n在這世上人間最關心你的知音 \n永遠祝福你平安﹗健康﹗快樂﹗幸福﹗\n >\n\n\n\n\n\n\nWhen is the Right Time to do\n\n[Translation]\n\n\n\n\n\nThe best time to study> \n\nwhen you wake up after you wash your face, you mind is most clear. Study at this time, it is easy to memorize what you studied. \n\n\nThe best time to exercise> \n\nin the morning, it is good for walking because the air is fresh. But do not do strenuous exercise!\n \n\nThe best time to eat fruits>\n\nEating fruit one hour before meals is most beneficial because fruits are raw. It is more appropriate to eat raw then cooked food so that the body need not to elevate white blood cells to protect the body's immune system. This in turn enhances the anti-cancer mechanism. (Exceptions: Pineapples, oranges, bananas, should be taken after a meal) \n\n\nThe best time to exercise> \n\nEvening is the best time to exercise because human activities are subject to the \"biological clock\". On the contrary morning is not suitable for exercise and can be harmful. Exercise in the morning, blood pressure and heart beat are moving higher than the evening. \n\n\nThe best time to take a bath>\n\nBefore bedtime, a warm water bath allows the body to relax the muscles and joints. It also helps sleep peacefully. \n\n\nThe best time to lose weight> \n\n45 minutes after meals. A twenty minute walking (or 1600 meters), is most conducive to weight loss. If the walk is repeated two hours later, it would be even better. \n\n\nThe best time to sleep> \n\nthe best napping time is one hour passed noon. This time is the easiest in falling asleep. 10:00 pm to 11:00 p.m. is the best time to go to bed, because deep-sleep normally from one half of an hour to one hour after you fell asleep. \n\n\nThe best time to brush your teeth>\n\nWithin three minutes after each meal. After eating one-third of bacteria in the mouth begin to decompose acid residue in food which can cause corrosion of enamel. \n\n\nThe best time for skin care>\n\n Skin metabolism is most vigorous between midnight and 6 a.m. So before going to bed, skin care can promote the skin metabolism and lead to proper functioning. \n\n\nThe best time to drink tea> \n\nDrink tea immediately after a meal is not scientific. This is because tea tannin has iron-binding properties making it iron salts insoluble, and preventing iron absorption. Day after day, it is likely to cause anemia. It is more preferable to drink tea one hour after when iron in food has been absorbed. \n\nHope everyone can choose the right time to keep a healthy body. \nWish you safe and happy always!"],["topImageUrl","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/rwo.gif"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","FOOD, the good & the bad"],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/JUNF.htm"],["summary","See\n\n \n\n十大垃圾食物\n\n \n \n\n\n\n \n\n\n \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n\n\n[The following is simply a translation of the above. It is not the original \nsource document.]\n\n\nWHO named the most healthy and junk food \n\n\n\nNews source: The Times \n\n\nAfter about 3 years of study, the World Health Organization published \nthe following list of the best food. \n\nBest vegetables: \nsweet potato - rich in vitamins, cancer prevention, selected as the top \nof all vegetables. \nOthers include asparagus, cabbage, cauliflower, celery, eggplant, beets, \ncarrots, shepherd's purse, broccoli, golden straw mushroom, xuelihong (雪里紅), and \nbok choy (Chinese cabbage). \n\nBest fruits: \npapaya, strawberry, orange, mandarin orange, kiwi, mango, apricot, \npersimmon and watermelon. \n\nBest meat: \nthe chemical structure of ducks meat and geese meat are close to that of \nolive oil, good for the heart. Chicken is called \"the best source of protein\"\n \n\n\nBest cooking oils: \ncorn oil, rice bran oil, sesame oil, etc. is better, vegetable oil next \n\n\n\nBest soup: \nchicken soup, especially the soup made from hens can fight flu and bronchitis.\n The soup is most suitable for winter and spring. \n\n\nGuardians of the brain: \nspinach, chives, pumpkin, onion, cauliflower, peppers, peas, tomatoes, carrots,\n green cabbage, garlic, celery and other vegetables, walnuts, peanuts, pistachios,\n cashews, pine nuts, almonds, soybeans and other nuts, brown rice, liver \nand so on. \n\n\n\n\n \n\n\nMenu"],["topImageUrl","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/6g_food.gif"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","FOOD, the good & the bad"],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/JUNK.htm"],["summary","See\n\n \n最佳食品\n\n\n \n \n\n\n \n\n\n \n\n \n \n\n[The following is simply a translation of the above. It is not the original \nsource document.]\n\n\n Top ten junk food \n\n\n\n(News source: The Times)\n\n\n\n 1. deep-fried food: \n i) culprit of the cardiovascular disease (e.g., fried dough sticks) \n ii) contains carcinogen \n iii) destructs vitamins, alters the property of protein \n\n2. Preserved food \n i) could cause high blood pressure, kidney overload, and nasopharyngeal carcinoma \n ii) affects mucosal system (bad for gastrointestinal) \n iii) easy to get ulcers and inflammation \n\n3, Processed meat (dried meat, dried meat floss, sausage, etc.) \n i) contains nitrite (as preservative and coloring agent). Nitrite is one of the three carcinogens: \n ii) contains high amount of preservatives (heavier burden of the liver) \n\n4, biscuits (excluding low-temperature baking and whole wheat crackers) \n i) too much food flavor and coloring is a burden on the liver \n ii) seriously destroys vitamins \n iii) low nutrition resulted from excessive heat \n\n5, cola soft drinks \n i) contain phosphoric acid and carbonic acid which can take away lots of calcium from our body\n ii) contain high sugar content, can spoil appertide \n\n6, convenience food (mainly refers to instant noodles and puffed food) \n i) high salt, high preservatives, high flavors (can damage liver) \n ii) only calories, no nutrition \n\n7, canned food (including meat, fish and fruits) \n i) destructs vitamins, alters the property of protein\n ii) low nutrition resulted from excessive heat \n\n8, preserved dried products (preserved plums) \n i) contains nitrite (as preservative and coloring agent). Nitrite is one of the three carcinogens \n ii) 2, high salt, high preservatives, high flavors (damage liver)\n\n9, frozen desserts (ice cream, popsicles, etc.) \n i) easily lead to obesity \n ii) contain high sugar content, can spoil appertide \n\n10, grilled food \n i) contains \"triphenyl tetrapropanate\" (the first of three major cancer-causing substances) \n ii) one grilled chicken's toxicity = toxicity of smoking 60 cigarettes \n iii) alters protein into a charcoaled property (increases burden on kidney and liver)\n\n\n\n\n \n\n\nMenu \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nScroll down\nfor English"],["topImageUrl","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/10_junk.gif"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","Garlic on Rice, Ginger with honey"],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/GARC.htm"],["summary","一位朋友每天吃蒜頭蒸飯，晚餐用一把蒜頭切碎煮飯，半年之後高血壓消失了\n，痛風症消失了，坐骨神經痛亦消失了。\n\n對於目前流行的非典型肺炎，他認為吃蒜頭是增強免疫力的方法，因為蒜頭是\n「窮人靈芝」，能通血管及清除毒素，以前美軍亦用作隨身解毒劑。\n\n蒜頭炒飯:蒜頭越多越香,拍碎,油鍋炒香蒜頭放入鹽 ,煮好的飯放如加葫椒鹽拌炒\u0014\n起鍋。另一位朋友提醒要多食維他命 C以增強抵抗力，並切忌吃煎炸熱氣食物，\n免引致喉嚨發炎，病毒就由此攻入。 \n\n\n \n\n\n\n \nSteamed Rice with Garlic \n\n\n\n \n [The following is an excerpt translated from the above for reference only. Use of terms may not be accurate according to the original.] \n\n\n\n\nA friend after eating rice steamed with chopped garlic for six months, his high blood pressure, gout and sciatica symptoms disappeared.\nIt is widely belied that eating garlic is a way of enhancing the immune system. Garlic is considered the \"lingzhi\" (ganoderma lucidum), for the poor. It has the effect to pass blood vessels and remove toxins from within. The U.S. military has previously \nused garlic as a portable antidote. \n\n\n\nApart from steaming, garlic can be used in cooking fried rice with salt and pepper for better taste. \n\n\n\n\n \n老薑的用途\n \n\n\n\n蒜頭之外﹐原來薑也是一樣有用。蒜頭及老薑是「廉價靈芝」\n真沒想到蒜頭及薑的好處多多!\n薑對身體很有益處，愛美又想要健康的人，不妨試試看吧！ \n薑湯做法：\n\n 1. 約十公克的薑磨成糊狀。 \n 2. 把薑糊放入玻璃杯裡。 \n 3. 注入滾燙的熱開水。 \n4. 加入一匙蜂蜜，拌勻後飲用。 \n 5. 男女老少都適合飲用。\n\n \n老薑切片或拍碎煮黑糖，功效一樣！\n連續喝兩個月\n\n（每天早晨入浴前各喝一次）\n\n據書本記載的見證：\n\n(1) 身體變溫暖，手腳冰冷的『怕冷症』體質明顯改善。 \n (2) 體重可減輕約十公斤。 \n (3) 皮膚變得細嫩。 \n(4) 去掉多餘贅肉，腰圍變細。\n\n\n參看﹕\n 薑的好處多得很\n\n\nBesides garlic, ginger is also beneficial to health and beauty. So give it a try! \n \n\nGinger and Honey drink: \n\n1. About 10 grams of ginger ground into a paste. \n\n2. Put the ginger paste in a glass. \n\n3. Add boiling water. \n\n4. Add a spoonful of honey, mix well \n\n5. The drink is suitable for both men and women \n\n\n\n(Cook crushed ginger slices with brown sugar will have the same effect.) Drinking twice daily for two months, the following is a list of proven results according to some written testimony: \n\n\n\n (1) cold hands and feet syndrome has been improved. \n\n (2) reduce body weight about 10 kg. \n\n (3) the skin becomes smoother. \n\n (4) remove excess fat, waist trimmed. \n\nAlso see﹕\nThe Benefits of Gingers"],["topImageUrl","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/rice_w_garlic.gif"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","Avoiding Alzheimer's"],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/ALZH.htm"],["summary","每天走路40分鐘老年不失智 \n\n\n\n阿茲海默症(ALZHEIMER)的最大危險因子是年齡，隨著年齡增加而增加。60歲以上老\n人約1%有阿茲海默症，之後每增5歲，罹病率就增加一倍，到了80歲，就有將近2成\n的人有阿茲海默症。如果能將發病年齡延後5年，則罹病者人數將減半，這就是「打\n造一個沒有阿茲海默的世界」的真諦。 \n\n\n\n如何打造呢？可由幾方面著手：大腦多動動頭好壯壯 \n\n\n\n多年來許多流行病學、腦部灌流及動物實驗的研究均顯示，高教育或多動腦者較不\n易罹患阿茲海默症。其實教育或多動腦不能改變大腦結構，但可增強腦力，就是增\n加大腦的知能存款，禁得起大腦退化時的提領。因此，多動腦可以讓失智的症狀延\n後發生，甚至即使大腦已有阿茲海默症的病變，也不會出現失智的症狀。 \n動腦方法以閱讀雜誌、書報最有效。打牌、打麻將、拼字遊戲、填數獨、造訪親友、\n看電視、聽收音機等休閒活動也都是不錯的選擇。養成終身學習的習慣是退休人士\n動腦的最好方法，不管是讓自己的專長繼續成長、上網學習，培養新興趣，參加社\n區大學或各種團體等，都是動腦的好方法。 \n\n\n\n運動健健美走路最好 \n\n\n\n運動是真正的青春之源。動物實驗顯示有氧運動可增加大腦微血管、神經細胞間的\n突觸、新生的神經細胞與神經生長因子，並降低腦中類澱粉含量。運動還可以降血\n壓、膽固醇，減少心血管疾病，也可減少罹患大腸癌、骨質疏鬆、糖尿病、肥胖、\n憂鬱症的機會，增強老年人注意力、執行及規劃能力。\n\n\n最近不少流行病學研究顯示，多運動（尤其是走路）可減少知能的減退或失智症。\n例如美國的護士健康研究（The Nurses' Health Study），追蹤18766位70到81歲的\n護士8到15年，發現每星期至少走1.5小時者比每星期走路少於38分鐘者的知能減退\n明顯為少。另一個夏威夷-亞洲研究（Honolulu-Asia Study）針對2257名71到93歲\n的男性居民追蹤7年，發現每天走路少於0.4公里者得到阿茲海默症的機會比每天走\n3.2公里者多了77%。 \n\n\n\n地中海飲食長壽之道\n\n\n\n科學家早就注意到老鼠食量如果減少30%，壽命也相對延長30%，且對空間記憶與學\n習能力也較強。 \n過去流行病學的調查發現，飲食中含較多的魚或不飽和脂肪酸的低脂肪攝取民眾，\n得到阿茲海默症的機會較低。2006年美國哥倫比亞大學的研究，針對平均年齡77歲\n的2258位社區居民追蹤4年，發現常吃地中海式飲食（多蔬果、豆類、穀類、橄欖油、\n適量魚、酒、少量肉、家禽）者比不吃地中海式飲食者得阿茲海默症的機會少了40%，\n可見清淡飲食的重要性。 \n以上方法是傳統養生之道，只是如今用科學方法加以驗證罷了。\n\n\n所以不論老少，從今天開始就多動腦，養成終身學習的習慣，與朋友保持聯繫，多\n參與休閒活動，每天走路至少40分鐘，只要是10分鐘內的路程就走路、不坐車，飲\n食清淡、多蔬果，如此不僅身體健康，精神愉快，而且得到阿茲海默症的機會也大\n為減少，離「沒有阿茲海默的世界」就不遠了。"],["topImageUrl","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/rwo.gif"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","Tai Chi stops shingles"],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/MOVM.htm"],["summary","Tai Chi Stops Shingles\n\n\n\n常練太極可預防生蛇(帶狀皰疹) \n[譯文]\n\n\n\n\n \n太極拳一向被認為是一種輕柔的老年人健身運動。最近一項研究中指出，它能給予\n中老年人健身和平衡以外的功效。它可能有助於預防帶狀皰疹(俗稱生蛇)，一種50歲\n以上的人常會患上與水痘病毒相關的痛症。\n \n研究發現，經常練習緩慢而優美太極拳的老年人比那些只受過健康教育而沒有練過\n拳的人﹐對這病毒之免疫有更良好反應。\n \n目前還未清楚這古老的中國武術如何影響免疫系統。但通過研究的成果﹐健康專家\n們都感到十分鼓舞。\n \n美國國家老人研究所曾贊助 U.C.L.A. Michael Irwin 博士的研究﹐研究所的Adrew \nMonjan 說﹕“誰都知道人老了要多多保重身體﹐然而我們正見著它可能解答到科學\n的疑問。”\n \n對加州 Sunnyvale 太極學校的創辦人和教練 Howard Chuck 來說，這結果並不足為\n奇。他的學生都不是為防生蛇而來，但學拳人士很踴躍﹐而年長者特別喜愛太極拳\n的以意行拳。他並說﹕“練太極需要集中精神用意念﹐而不是僅僅用體力的。\n \n\n\n\n \n\n\n\n \n\n \n\nmenu"],["topImageUrl","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/movm.jpg"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","Warm Water After Meals"],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/WWAM.htm"],["summary","The Chinese and Japanese drink hot tea with their meals, not cold water, \nmaybe it is time we adopt their drinking habit while eating. \nFor those who like to drink cold water, this article is applicable to you. \nIt is nice to have a cup of cold drink after a meal. However, the cold water \nwill solidify the oily stuff that you have just consumed. It will slow down \nthe digestion. Once this \"sludge\" reacts with the acid, it will break down \nand be absorbed by the intestine faster than the solid food. It will line \nthe intestine. Very soon, this will turn into fats and lead to cancer. It \nis best to drink hot soup or warm water after a meal.\n\n\n\n\n\n\n飯後冷飲會得腸癌\n\n\n\n\n\n不要不相信﹑很多人習慣吃飽飯後就來一瓶冷飲，尤其是一些罐裝茶飲料；號稱可\n以「去油解膩」。喝下去是很爽沒有錯，但你有沒有想過接下來你的肚子裡會發生\n什麼事？\n\n快動動大腦想想吧！你肚子裡的牛排(或是鹹酥雞、滷味都是油膩膩的食物，腸胃要\n消化本來就比較吃力了。現在再倒入一瓶冰水有沒有看過冰箱裡面的豬油牛油啊？\n你能想像把上面那層白白的凝固油吞進肚子裡嗎？噁﹐當你的腸胃裡有一塊塊蠟燭\n般的凝固油，還去什麼油、解什麼膩咧﹖如果只是噁心的話就算了，重點是—會得\n腸癌！ \n\n這些凝固油碰到胃酸會再度溶解成半液狀，然後會比固態食物早一步流進腸道裡。\n於是那稠稠黏黏、油不油水不水的物質就會率先被腸道吸收。但是！腸道並沒有辦\n法完全吸收排除這些詭異的物質；腸璧絨毛會沾滿油脂。就好像冬天要洗牛肉湯的\n鍋子一樣，怎麼洗都還是覺得油膩膩。而且久而久之這種噁 \n心的東西就會附著在腸道壁上—你總不能往腸子裡倒沙拉脫吧？\n\n經過經年累月的堆積和質變，這些東西輕則導致息肉，更有可能的是病變成腸癌！\n 所以趕快改掉這種要命的壞習慣﹐飯後不要馬上灌冷飲，最好是喝點熱湯或溫開水\n就好啦！然後平常沒事多喝優酪乳。優酪乳可以讓腸道裡多點好菌、趕走壞菌，幫\n你的腸子來個大掃除，讓腸道更乾淨～ \n\n再告訴你一件更噁心的事—得了腸癌，要在肚子上裝人工肛門才能大便耶！你不想\n要有這種遭遇吧？快讓你所關心的人知道，別讓他們裝人工肛門啊！"],["topImageUrl","https://www.philcheung.com/Health/rwo.gif"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","Foods To Prevent Alergies"],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/ALGY.htm"],["summary","食物防春季過敏 \n\n\n\n\t\t\t(星島週刊 04/15/2007 第678 期)\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n\n\n\n \n\n\n春天常吃幾種食物，可起到抗過敏的作用。\n\n\n蜂蜜 \n專家提出，每天喝一勺蜂蜜就可以遠離傷風氣喘瘙癢咳嗽等季節性過敏症狀。\n蜂蜜能夠預防過敏的原因有兩個：一是其中含有微量的蜂毒。蜂毒是蜜蜂體內的\n一種有毒液體，但在臨床上被用於支氣管哮喘等過敏性疾病的治療。二是蜂蜜裹\n面含有一定的花粉粒，經常喝會對花粉過敏產生一定的抵抗能力。\n\n\n紅棗 \n日本學者研究發現，紅棗中含有大量抗敏物質環磷酸腺，可阻止過敏反應的發生。\n凡有過敏症狀的患者，可以經常服用紅棗。服用方法為︰\n (1) 紅棗10 枚，水煎服，每日3 次。\n (2) 生食紅棗，每次10克，每日3次。 \n (3) 紅棗10枚，大麥 100 克，加水煎服，日服2-3次。\n以上均服至過敏症狀消失為止。大棗水煎時掰開煎為好，煎熬時不宜加糖。\n\n\n金針菇 \n經常食用金針菇有利於排除重金屬離子和代謝產生的毒素和廢物，能有效地增強機\n體活力。新加坡的研究人員發現，金針菇菌柄中含有一種蛋白，可以抑制哮喘﹑鼻\n炎﹑濕疹等過敏性病症，沒有患病的人也可以通過吃金針菇來加強免疫系統。\n\n\n胡蘿蔔 \n日本專家發現胡蘿卜中的 β-胡蘿蔔素能有效預防花粉過敏症，過敏性皮炎等過\n敏反應。據有關報道，日本專家通過實驗鼠研究發現，β-胡蘿蔔素能調節細胞內\n的平衡，使實驗鼠難出現過敏反應。\n\n\n\n Get Ready for the Allergy Season\n\n\n\n\t\t\t(Translated from Sing Tao Weekly 04/15/2007 No. 678)\n\n\n\n\n\n\nDuring the allergy season in spring, certain food can play an important role in prevention of allergy. \n\n\nHoney \nExperts say, taking a spoonful of honey every day can keep you away from the common cold, asthma, coughing, and seasonal allergies.\nHoney can prevent allergies for two reasons: \nFirst, it contains a small amount of venom. Bee venom is toxic, but has been used in clinical asthma and other allergic diseases. \nSecond, honey contains certain pollens and having honey in your body can build resistance against allergy.\n\n\n \nJujube \nJapanese researchers found that jujube contains a large number of anti-allergic materials which can prevent allergic reactions from occurring.\nPatients who have allergies can always take dates in one of the methods:\n (1) 10 red dates, make tea by boiling them in water, drink 3 times a day.\n (2) eat raw dates, each time 10 grams, 3 times a day.\n (3) 10 red dates, 100 grams of barley, boil them in water, eat them, 2-3 times daily.\n Continue with dosage in any of the above methods until allergy symptoms goes away. It is better off to break the dates apart before boiling them in water. Do not add sugar.\n\n \nFlammulina \nFlammulina, a kind of edible straw mushroom, often helps in getting rid of metal ions, toxins and waste. This can effectively enhance body functions to fight allergies. Singapore researchers found, mushroom straws contain protein that can inhibit asthma, nose itching,\neczema and other allergic inflammatory disease. People with illness can take this kind of mushroom to enhance the immune system.\n \nCarrots \nJapanese experts found that β-carotene in carrots can prevent hay fever, allergic dermatitis and other allergic reaction. \nAccording to the reports, from tests conducted on mice, experts found that β-carotene can keep intracellular activity \nbalance, hence hard for mice to have allergy.\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n\n \n\n\n目錄 \n\n \n\n\n\n\n相關資料﹕\n\n\n鼻敏感效湯"],["topImageUrl","https://www.philcheung.com/Health/rwo.gif"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","The Amazing Bananas (香蕉的神奇)"],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/banana.htm"],["summary","香蕉含有三種天然糖份：蔗糖、果糖和葡萄糖；再加上纖維質。香蕉可即時提升人的\n功能。 \n研究顯示，兩條香蕉，可以提供足夠能量維持 90 分鐘劇烈的運動。難怪很多世界\n知名的運動員都以香蕉為首選生果。但是，香蕉不單隻提供能量。香蕉還可以幫我\n們克服或治療好多病症和身體狀況，使我們必需把香蕉加進每天的餐單。\n\n \n抑鬱症：\n\n最近一項調查發現，患抑鬱症的人，在吃過香蕉後，感覺好好多。因為香蕉含胺基\n酸，會轉化成血清促進素，令人鬆馳、提升情緒。 \n \n貧血：\n\n香蕉鐵質含量高，能刺激血液內的血色素。 \n \n血壓高：\n\n香蕉含極高量的鉀，但鹽份低，最理想是降血壓。最近，美國食品及藥物管理局宣\n佈，允許香蕉業宣傳香蕉能降低血壓高和中風機會。 \n \n腦力：\n\n在英國 Twickenha 就有 200 名學生，為了要提升腦力，幫助考試，在學期開始，\n於早餐、小休和午飯，都吃適量香蕉。研究顯示，含豐富鉀質的香蕉，能提高學生\n的專注力，對他們讀書有所幫助。 \n \n便泌：\n\n香蕉的纖維質很高，可幫助回覆腸胃正常活動，消除便泌，無需服用輕瀉劑。 \n \n宿醉：\n\n香蕉奶色加蜜糖可以即時解酒。香蕉鬆馳胃部，蜜糖提升血糖水平，奶抒緩精神和\n製做炭水化合物。 \n \n心絞痛：\n\n香蕉對身體有一種天然的制酸性，有鎮痛作用。 \n早上無精打彩。早餐後午飯前，吃少量香蕉可保持血糖水平。 \n \n蚊釘蟲咬﹕\n\n用香蕉皮內部輕擦患處，可退腫消炎。 \n \n緊張：\n\n香蕉的維生素 B含量高，可幫助抒緩神經系統。 \n \n超重：\n\n澳地利心理學學校研究發現，工作壓力大，使員工會不斷進食巧力克和薯片去抒緩\n情緒。研究員對 5000名醫院的病人做研究，發體型肥胖的，通常都是司職壓力非常\n大的工作。研究總結認為，要避免引起對抒緩情緒食物的欲念，就應該約每兩小時\n吃一點高炭水化合物的食物，以降低身體內的血糖水平。 \n \n胃潰瘍：\n\n香蕉是調理腸胃失調的食方，因為香蕉有著柔軟的纖維而且柔滑。對於長期患者來\n說，香蕉是唯一可以進食的未煮熟食物，而不會有不良反應。香蕉還可以中和胃酸\n和減少疼痛。 \n \n體溫控制：\n\n在不同國家、地區和文化中，都有把香蕉作為一種「降溫」的果物，可以用作降低\n身、心的熱度。在泰國，孕婦為了使嬰兒出生時有較為涼快的環境，臨盤時就會吃\n香蕉。 \n \n戒菸：\n\n香蕉可以幫助戒菸。香蕉含維生素 B6 和 B12 ，也含鉀和鎂，可以複元戒菸者因為\n沒有了尼古丁刺激的影響。 \n \n壓力：\n\n香蕉所含的鉀，可以調節心跳使之正常化，從而將氧氣順利送到大腦，與及調節身\n體的水份。當受到壓力緊張時，我們的新陳代謝就會加快，因而使鉀的水平一降。\n鉀含量高的香蕉，正好作補充。 \n \n中風：\n\n據著名醫學雜誌 \"The New England Journal of Medicine\" 的研究指出，長期吃香\n蕉，中風死亡的機會率大大降低 40% 。 \n香蕉的確可以治療許多疾病。如果跟蘋果比較，香蕉多四倍蛋白質、多兩倍碳水化\n合物、多三倍磷質、多五倍維生素 A 和鐵質、多兩倍其他維生素和礦物質。香蕉也\n含豐富的鉀，是最有益的食物。所以，應該把那句老句子改為：「一日一香蕉，醫\n生遠離我。」 \n\nPS 猴子經常都情緒高漲和開心，應該是吃得多香蕉的原因。還有，想皮鞋潔亮如新？\n嘗試用香蕉皮的裡面，直接擦到皮鞋，然後用乾布擦淨，效果立見。真神奇的生果！\n \n \n香蕉緩解眼睛干澀避免其過早衰老：\n\n在電腦前工作的人常常會覺得眼睛干澀或紅腫、疼痛，如果每天吃一根香蕉，就能\n起到一定的緩解作用。這是台灣番薯藤健康網站的一篇文章日前告訴讀者的。文章\n中指出，香蕉保護眼睛的功能首先和其中含量豐富的鉀有關。人體攝入鹽份過多，\n會導致細胞中存留大量的水分，引起眼睛紅腫。香蕉中的鉀可以幫助人體排出這些\n多余的鹽分，讓身體達到鉀鈉平衡，緩解眼睛的不適症狀。此外，香蕉中含有大量\n的胡蘿卜素。當人體缺乏這種物質時，眼睛就會變得疼痛、干澀、眼珠無光、失水\n少神，多吃香蕉不僅可減輕這些症狀，還可在一定程度上緩解眼睛疲勞，避免其過\n早衰老 !"],["topImageUrl","https://www.philcheung.com/Health/banana_e.gif"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title",null],["url","http://wwwphilcheung.com/Health/BANATNF.htm"],["summary",null],["topImageUrl",null],["error","NOT_REACHABLE"]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","Crohn's (Inflammatory Bowel) Disease"],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/CDDS.htm"],["summary","慢性腸炎克隆氏病\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n克隆氏病是一種慢性腸炎。它是一種特殊類型的炎症性腸病(IBD)。\n什麼原因導致克隆氏症目前醫學界尚未知。一般認為是免疫\n系統有異常反應令細菌在腸道內“橫行霸道”。\n\n患者經常會出現腹痛、腸腔潰爛，嚴重影響消化系統運作，病人因不能吸收，所以\n極消瘦，甚至營養不良。有些人可能有腹瀉 10至20次。\n有些人無故突然消瘦體重下降。有些人也可能在一段長時間只有輕微症狀或無任何\n症狀。感染，荷爾蒙改變，吸煙，壓力可能會導致你的症狀突發。特別警訊包括身\n體虛弱，脈搏時快時弱，嚴重腹痛，發熱﹐發冷發抖，反覆嘔吐等等。\n\n此病很難醫治，不會斷尾，現時要依靠服食類固醇及抗排斥藥來控制病情，但部分\n人病情反覆，除服藥外，要接受切除腸道外科手術。近年有新藥控制此病，但價錢\n昂貴，一年針藥需約八多萬港元。\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n\n \n \n\n\nCROHN'S DISEASE \nIt is a particular type of IBD or Inflammatory Bowel Disease. \nWhat causes Crohn's disease is unknown. The general believe is the immune \nsystem has an abnormal response to bacteria in the intestine. Other kinds \nof bacteria and viruses may also play a role in causing the disease. The \ndisease can run in families. Your chances of getting it are higher if a close \nfamily member has it. Smoking also puts you at a higher risk for the disease.\n\n\nThe main symptoms of Crohn's disease are belly pain and diarrhea (sometimes \nwith blood). Some people may have diarrhea up to 20 times a day. Losing \nweight without trying is another common symptom. Infections, hormonal changes,\n smoking, and stress can cause the symptoms to flare up. Some may have only \nmild symptoms or go for long periods of time without any symptoms. Warning \nsigns are feeling faint, fast and weak pulse, severe belly pain, fever or \nshaking chills, vomiting repeatly. \nThere is currently no non-surgical cure for Crohn's or colitis. The medications \nused for treatment are extremely costly and pain horrific."],["topImageUrl","https://www.philcheung.com/ccfa.jpg"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","10 Excretion Assistants"],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/EXCR.htm"],["summary","(\nEnglish)\n\n \n\n\n\n\nExcellent Toxin Removal Food\n\n\n\n\n\t\t\t(錄自星島週刊)\n\n\n \n\n\n\n現代社會毒素無所不在，因此 “排毒” 是十分重要的自我保健法，但健康排毒卻\n\n不是每個人都有的觀念。了解體內毒素的來源及其對身體的傷害，才能用適當的方\n\n法，飲食或藥物來排毒，若使用不當，不僅無法排毒，更可能導致另一種毒害。使\n\n用各種排毒法之前，應詢問醫師的意見，以免誘使其他併發症產生。在眾多食物中\n\n Vita 雜誌特別邀請中醫師，生機專家與營養師等，挑選最適合東方人的十大排毒\n\n食物。許多人都會這麼想; “ 不生病就是健康 “﹐ 然而﹐ 就是這樣錯誤的健康\n\n念，\n往往讓人在不知不覺中讓健康的身體被啃蝕掉。而造成不健康的最大主因，\n就是不正確的飲食觀念及生活習慣。其實，現代人身處在強大競爭壓力的生活中為\n\n了尋求平衡，讓口腹之慾不斷擴大，在長期接觸各式高脂肪﹐高膽固醇﹑高鈉﹑ 低\n\n纖維﹑低碳水化合物, 化學添加物之後, 使人們的免疫系統功能開始失調或衰退,進\n\n而罹患各種慢性病或導致疾病人侵。而發達的醫學科技, 只讓我們不斷地陷於藥劑\n\n使用, 卻忽略了根本的錯誤飲食習慣, 不良生活習慣問題。而健康排毒食物, 就是\n\n吃進去對身體有用的養分, 排除對身體有負擔, 有傷害的物質, 讓身體保持健康的\n\n飲食方法。試想現代多種食物都混有農藥等, 身體每時每刻接觸的毒素舉不勝舉, \n\n它們積累在體內, 堵塞內臟, 篩檢程式和動脈, 導致可能的嚴重疾病, 而且對肥胖\n\n症起到火上加油的作用, 一旦毒素從體內排除了, 脂肪也就自然會排出體外。大體\n\n上許多食物都有排毒效果, 烹飪方式也會影響排毒。身體排毒的方法有許多, 但用\n\n高纖低油低脂低糖低鹽的方式, 以最普及化的地瓜, 糙米, 生鮮蔬果做排毒素食材\n\n, 不但安全, 經濟易實行, 接受度高, 且改變體質效果顯著。以下是十種隨手可得\n\n的排毒好食物。 \n\n\n1. 海藻\n\n含豐富的海藻多醣體,鹼性度最高, 能中和胃酸,並有促進體內排毒,預防脂肪堆積,幫\n\n\n助代謝功能。海帶富含藻膠酸﹑甘露醇﹑ 蛋白質﹑脂肪﹑糖類﹑ 粗纖維﹑ 胡蘿蔔\n\n素﹑\n維生素B1﹑維生素B2﹑維生素C﹑尼克酸﹑碘﹑鈣﹑磷﹑鐵等多種成分。尤其是含豐\n\n\n富的碘,對人體十分有益﹑可治療甲狀腺腫大和碘缺乏而引起的病症。它所含的蛋白\n\n\n質中, 包括 8 種氨基酸。海帶的碘化物被人體吸收後﹐ 能加速病變和炎症滲出物\n\n的排\n除。並有降血壓﹐防止動脈硬化的作用。\n\n\n\n2. 洋蔥\n洋蔥能促進腸胃蠕動, 加強消化能力, 且含有豐富的硫和蛋白質結合的情形最好, \n對肝臟特別有益, 因此有助於排毒。洋蔥性溫又可以發汗散寒, 排水腫, 含硫化合\n物, 能夠排出體內農藥等不良物質。推薦吃法: 加在各式三明治中﹔也可以切粒加\n在湯品中。也可以煮一鍋以洋蔥為主的蔬菜湯, 加入綠花椰菜, 胡蘿蔔, 芹菜等多\n種高纖蔬果, 能分解體內累積的毒素, 有助排便。 \n\n\n\n3. 綠豆\n是中醫常用來接觸多種食物或藥物毒素的一味中藥﹐常食綠豆能幫助排除體內毒素﹐\n\n促\n進肌體的正常代謝。綠豆湯是排毒養顏的佳品﹐在綠豆湯中調入蜂蜜飲用﹐排毒養\n\n顏效\n果更好。不少人會經常食用綠豆芽, 只因它經濟實惠。但很少人知道綠豆芽還具有\n\n較高的藥用價值。推薦吃法﹕ 煮成薏仁綠豆湯﹐ 退火又好喝﹔綠豆煮爛與豆漿或\n\n牛奶打成汁飲用。\n\n\n\n4. 地瓜\n拜健康風潮之賜, 地瓜的行情也愈炒高, 一年比一年貴,今年更出現了黃﹑ 紅﹑紫 \n三色地瓜以及口感更細更香的栗子地瓜。地瓜所含的纖維質鬆軟易消化, 可促進腸\n 胃蠕動, 有助排便。地瓜含有幫助消化的纖維質, 也是一種鹼性食品,含高纖維素\n,除可以滑腸通便外, 還可中和人體內所累積過多的酸, 如吃太多的肉類蛋,或疲勞\n引起的酸。此外地瓜中的膠原及粘液多醣類物質, 可以預防動脈血管硬化與保持血\n管彈性, 加強多餘膽固醇的排泄作用, 是一種好吃又有用的蔬菜。推薦吃法:最棒\n的吃法是烤地瓜, 而且連皮一起烤, 一起吃掉, 味道爽口甜美。一般來說, 吃地瓜\n當然也必須配合自然律例作息, 能夠在上午6 點半以前排便, 就能讓小腸吸收地瓜\n90% 以上的功效。尤其是癌症或是重症患者想要靠地瓜袪病, 一定要砥礪自己在上\n午6 點半以前吃完地瓜, 7 點以前排便。一般人若是無法在上午6 點半以前吃完, \n也應該要在中午12 點以前吃完。因為下午以後身體的新陳代謝變差, 地瓜的醣容\n易累積, 因此中午12 點以後就不應該再吃地瓜了。 \n\n\n\n5. 花椰菜\n屬十字花科,具抗氧化功效己有醫學證明可以抵抗癌症此外也有清熱利尿預防水腫並\n\n提昇免疫系統。花椰菜有綠色和白色兩種, 含有豐富的 β 胡蘿蔔素, \n\n維生素B1及C 。還含有豐富的鈣﹑硫﹑鉀和少量的硒(Se)這種物質具有抗癌的功效\n\n,並且可以預防心臟疾病和關節炎等症狀), 另外, 花椰菜中也含有一種物質稱為lndol-3 \n\ncarbonal, 可以增女性雌激素的分泌, 防止乳癌, 所以多吃椰菜有益身體健康。推\n\n薦吃法: 可與海鮮食材搭配食用。直接用水燙過實用, 簡單灑上鹽巴, 味道鮮美也\n\n最營養。\n\n\n6. 南瓜\n清代名醫陳修園說: 南瓜為補血之妙品。(本草網目) 稱南瓜有補中(脾胃)益氣之效。\n\n(醫藥篆要)也指南瓜有益氣救肺之效。其實南瓜之所以受到這麼高的評價, 是因為\n\n它是一種極富有營養的健康食品。秋天氣候乾燥, 增加含有豐富維生素A﹑E 的食品\n\n, 可增強機體免疫力, 對改普秋燥症狀大有裨益。而南瓜剛好就含有豐富的維生素\n\nE。\n最後南瓜所含的豐富果膠,可“吸附”細菌和有毒物質, 包重金屬, 鉛等, 起到排毒\n\n作用。同時, 果膠可保護胃部受剌激, 減少潰瘍。建議吃法:可用南瓜煮粥或湯, 滋\n\n養腸胃。\n\n\n7. 菇類\n\n菇類含有豐富的粘多醣體,蛋白質和水分, 纖維質,礦物質等,具有抗癌,排毒,健康的\n\n功效,不但營養價值高,而且具有高纖, 低熱量的特性,所以是減肥時期的減肥聖品, \n\n多吃菇類可以讓你有飽足感, 也不會發胖。而菇除了在健康上的許多好處是大家都\n\n耳熟能詳的之外, 因為菇類含有核甘酸, 滋味鮮美又香甜, 在烹煮上更是相當方便\n\n,容易。建議吃法:在濃濃的雞湯中煮蘑菇吃, 味道鮮美, 也可以煮成菇類煲飯, 好\n\n吃又有飽足感。\n\n\n8. 芽菜\n芽菜其實就是各種作物的幼苗,它含有極高的營養,它的蛋白質含量超過各種肉類,1 \n\n公克的芽菜蛋白約等於4 公克的肉類蛋白。芽菜不僅含有粗蛋白和銨基酸,也含有維\n\n他命及鈣,鉀,鐵等礦物質,尤其維他命C 的含量更多加上含少量的脂肪﹑澱粉﹑糖分﹑\n\n對於預防便秘﹑貧血﹑減肥等,有非常良好的效果, 是非常理想的自然健康食品。有\n\n豐富的活性酵素, 排毒效果佳,並幫助排便,且具蓬鬆又沒有蔬菜的苦澀味, 容易有\n\n飽足感。推薦吃法: 苜蓿芽搭配各種芽菜, 淋上無糖優格, 與有機梅子醬或是蜂蜜\n\n等, 拌成沙拉, 在飯前空腹吃, 具有減肥與排毒效果。\n\n\n9. 香菜\n\n香菜營養豐富,香菜內含維生素C, 胡蘿蔔素﹑維生素B1﹑B2 等,同時還含有豐富的\n\n礦物質, 如鈣,鐵,磷,鎂等, 香菜內還含有揮發油, 蘋果酸鉀等。香菜中含的維生素\n\nC 的量比普通蔬菜高得多, 一般人食用7-10克香菜葉就能滿足人體對維生素C 的需\n\n求量; 香菜中所含的胡蘿蔔素要比西紅柿﹑ 菜豆﹑黃瓜等高出10 倍多。建議吃法\n\n; 三餐中都加大量的香菜, 早餐可把香菜和蘋果,葡萄乾,堅果類等打成汁喝;中午再\n\n把香菜加入蘸料中配著主食吃;晚餐可以香菜炒蛋﹑南瓜, 或直接拌飯吃。\n\n\n10. 蘋果\n\n蘋果含有豐富的維他命B1﹑B﹑C 及胡蘿蔔素﹑ 維他命B5; 此外還含有糖類﹑脂肪﹑\n\n蛋白質﹑果膠﹑鈣﹑鉀﹑鐵﹑鋅﹑纖維素﹑蘋果酸﹑鞣酸等。而蘋果皮有的車菊素\n\n有止嚦嘔功效。可惜現在許多蘋果外皮有石蠟和農藥殘留, 不宜吃食。另外, 蘋果\n\n富含鋅元素, 鋅就是構成與記憶有密切關係的核酸和蛋白質不可或缺的元素。一旦\n\n缺鋅, 大腦皮層邊沿海馬區即發育不, 影響記憶力。是以多吃蘋果有提高智能的功\n\n效。建議吃法;宿便有害健康, 多吃蘋果可以幫助排除宿便。最後介紹一款綜合的宿\n\n便排毒餐, 不但減瘦, 連痛風, 高血脂和花粉過敏等毛病也不見了, 週末腸道大掃\n\n除, 優酪乳﹑ 地瓜﹑ 蘋果是最方便的排宿便食物。排毒餐的吃也很簡單, 完全不\n\n需要節食, 可以正常飲食, 只是把週五與週六晚上的晚餐, 用優酪乳配地瓜或蘋果\n\n的排毒餐取化, 即可達到週日上午痛快排除宿便的目標。\n\n \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n\n \n\n\n目錄"],["topImageUrl","https://www.philcheung.com/Health/10EXH.jpg"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","Intestines Health"],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/INTEST_1.htm"],["summary","(\nEnglish)\n \n\n\n\n\n\n簡易運動篇\n\n\n \n\n\n\n\n\n腸命七大秘訣\n \n\n\n\n腸道照顧好﹐ 百病不來找！ \n\n\n\n\n(資料來源﹕[腸保健康 I'v gut health] email circuration)\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n多攝取乳酸菌好處多多。 \n\n\n\n近幾年來，隨著生活水準的提昇，醫學上卻發現以下事實： \n\n\n\n1. 國人腸道健康普遍惡化，腸癌死亡率高居第三位，發生年齡逐年下降。\n2. 在我國有16.6%死亡率、14.4 %醫院就診率，及15.4 %健保給付皆與腸道疾病有\n關。〈 2003年統計〉\n3. 癌症、心臟病、高血壓、動脈硬化、糖尿病、老年痴呆等成人慢性疾病，皆與腸\n道健康密切相關。\n4. 老化由腸道開始，年輕族群腸道老化的弊害，將在中年以後顯現。\n5. 先進國家對腸道健康問題的重視～英國自1999 年即推動『腸道週』活動；\n美加則自2000 年發起『國家腸癌認知月』活動。 \n\n腸道健康是可以靠自己的積極--- 主動而提昇。 \n積極宣導腸道健康意識，相信所投入的努力，可以有效的幫助許多人，預防腸癌及\n多種成人疾病。 \n\n\n\n\n\n\n腸道健康的飲食要訣!\n\n\n\n一、多喝水\n\n\n每天至少要喝 1.6~1.8公升的水，大概是八杯水。不要到口渴了才喝水，你的大腦\n感到口渴時，其實血液濃度已經太高，血流不順了，運送氧氣及營養素效率降低了，\n已經會影響全身細胞機能了，最好是定時喝水。 \n\n\n\n二、多攝取乳酸菌\n\n\n正確攝取乳酸菌要注意以下重點\n\n\n1.\n天天攝取： \n\n因為再好的乳酸菌也無法在腸道中久駐；所以，要天天補充，每天至少補充幾十億\n的優質乳酸菌。\n\n2.\n餐後攝取： \n\n因為用餐後，胃部的酸度較低，乳酸菌比較能夠活著通過胃部，到達腸道。 \n3. 慎選產品： \n 要選菌種標示清楚，有衛生署健康食品認證，有研究團隊的產品。4. 注意保存條件：\n\n 乳酸菌不耐熱，不耐氧氣。醱酵乳必須保存在低溫，開瓶後，盡快喝完，不要開\n了一大瓶，放在桌上，由早喝到晚；保健產品也要注意保存溫度，不要長期放在高\n溫環境 (如車子內)。 \n\n\n\n三、多攝取纖維質 \n \n \n每天至少要攝取30公克以上的食物纖維！ \n \n\n正確攝取食物纖維要注意以下重點： \n\n1、用心從三餐中攝取\n2、善用高纖保健產品\n3、水溶性及非水溶性纖維功效不同，兩者都要攝取。 \n\n\n\n\n\n \n\n\n \n\n\n\n \n\n \n\nmenu"],["topImageUrl","https://www.philcheung.com/Health/guts_dd.gif"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","Intestines Health"],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/INTEST_2.htm"],["summary","每天起床後、睡覺前，利用10-15分鐘進行簡易的運動，可促進腹部運動，增強腸胃\n健康。\n提醒您，起床後，先空腹喝一杯溫開水，再做運動。 \n\n一、伸展運動\n\n這是個很簡單的運動，可利用工作或家事空檔進行。\n\n1. 雙腳分開站直，全身放輕鬆。 \n2.一邊吸氣一邊將手抬高（手指交叉，手心朝外），伸直背脊，頭抬高，手臂貼緊\n耳朵，用力往上伸展。\n3. 一邊呼氣，一邊將手放下並屈膝下彎，抱住雙腳。\n4. 此動作反覆進行3-5次。 \n\n\n\n二、提臀搖擺\n\n\n1. 仰臥，雙手繞於後頸部交叉。雙腳以立膝彎曲。 \n2. 深深地吸一口氣，抬高腹部，腳跟不離地，意識集中於丹田，閉氣。\n3. 有力地吐氣，保持丹田力，將意識轉移集中於骨盆，腰部移至右(左)方，在右(左\n )側做腰部上下運動。此時，雙肘及肩膀不離地，換左邊做同樣動作。 \n\n\n\n三、仰臥屈膝扭腰 \n\n\n1. 仰臥，雙手繞於後頸交叉，雙腳合併以立膝彎曲。 \n2. 一邊吸氣，一邊將腰背用力挺出，扭腰並將雙腳向左倒放地面，頭轉向右方。\u0014\n3. 呼氣回復。\n4. 重複動作，換邊做。 \n\n\n\n四、臥式提腿\n\n\n1. 仰臥，伸展腳跟腱雙手抱緊右腳使右膝靠攏胸部。深吸一口氣。 \n2. 吐氣用力緊抱右膝起身，此時左腳需充分伸展腳跟腱與腳後肌。\n3. 換腳緊抱左腳如上要領，做同樣動作。\n\n\n\n五、坐式踩腳踏車\n\n\n1. 坐在地板上，雙腳併攏彎曲，兩手放在身體後方稍遠處。 \n2. 身體稍微向後倒，以雙手支撐住身體，同時，雙腳分別抬起伸直，雙腳無法完全\n伸直也無妨。\n3. 保持背部筆直。 \n4. 左右腳交替，各施行10次。 \n\n\n\n六、彎曲、扭動上半身\n\n\n1. 雙手置於腰間，兩腳張開與肩同寬。 \n2. 挺起胸膛，讓上半身向後仰，此時，指尖用力，對腰間用力指壓。\n3. 回到原本的姿勢，上半身慢慢向左右扭動，各施行2-3次。 \n\n\n\n\n七、立式腰身大迴轉\n\n\n1. 大開雙腳，雙手手指交叉反掌上舉，深深吸一口氣，下顎頂上後仰。 \n2. 邊吐氣儘量前彎，抬頭保持腰背直挺，從腰部彎曲，膝要保持筆直，雙手伸直，\n腰部向右上大迴轉，同時吸氣。\n3. 上身轉到正中時，手再伸，顎再上頂，儘量後仰。\n4. 邊繼續吐氣從上而左下，迴轉到原位。\n5. 註：動作時集中意志在骨盆上。 \n\n\n\n\n八、鍛鍊腹肌 \n\n\n1. 在路上步行時，背部伸直，快步行走，隨時警覺到要提起腹肌。 \n2. 等公車時，兩腿稍微張開，膝蓋微微彎曲。角度約為90度。\n3. 坐公車時，一邊抓住吊環，臀部肌肉用力夾緊，感覺像肛門用力緊縮。\n\n\n\n\n\n九、跪式扭腰擺臀\n\n\n1. 雙手掌向前以肩寬著地，雙膝併攏著地，伸展腳跟腱，抬起小腿，目視前方吸氣。\n \n2. 邊吐氣，向右扭腰並放下小腿，同時頭也向右轉，越過肩背看腳跟。（手臂伸直），\n吐盡氣後在吸氣回到原來位置。\n3. 同樣也向左扭倒，重複數次。\n\n\n\n\n\n十、屈膝扭腰 \n\n\n1. 張開雙腳保持上身直立，彎膝成中腰姿勢，雙手置於雙膝上。 \n2. 邊用力吐氣邊把左膝拉下到右腳跟附近地上，同時把同轉向左側方，眼看後方。\n\n3. 換腳做同樣動作。"],["topImageUrl","https://www.philcheung.com/Health/guts_02.gif"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","Advice for Living Long"],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/LLTA.htm"],["summary",""],["topImageUrl","https://www.philcheung.com/Health/LL10A.jpg"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","SWEAT 排汗和排尿的差別"],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/SWET.htm"],["summary","【您知道排汗市場如此龐大？】\n \n\n能量之國韓國的排汗市場一年約新台幣 6000 億，您知道為什麼一年有幾億人次的\n韓國國民到黃土能量房去排汗嗎？在沒有任何廣告宣傳的情況下，短短 15 年內形\n成了如此龐大的市場全靠體驗後的口碑相傳。因為體驗過後發現能量排汗無論對慢\n性病患的病症、促進血液循環或皮膚美容，以及維持苗條的健康身材上皆具有驚人\n的功效。\n\n\n\n【出汗能夠排泄體內有害物質】\n\n\n對身體而言，為何出汗特別重要呢？排泄體內不需要物質的基本功能，就是排便、\n排尿與出汗。其中，汗具有排泄體內疲勞物質或對人體有害的重金屬、毒素的重要\n作用。雖然尿也會排出重金屬，但是排出功能卻遠不及汗。亦即藉由出汗，能夠排\n出大量的重金屬。汗也具有調節體溫的重要作用。\n\n全身健康的出汗，就能夠強化現代最欠缺的體溫調節功能與自律神經。汗從體表氣\n化，令人得到爽快感，對精神也有很大的幫助。 \n\n\n藉著氣化熱消耗熱量，能夠提升代謝力，減少體脂肪，有助於消除肥胖。對身體而\n言具有重要作用的汗，不會對身體造成負擔，全身出汗，就能夠強化自律神經，提\n升代謝力，排出老舊廢物與毒素，對於美容與健康都有幫助。 \n\n汗與尿中的重金屬元素量〈 100 克中〉\n \n\n鉛〈μg 〉汗 84 vs 尿 4.9 \n鎘〈μg 〉汗 6.5 vs 尿 0.65 \n鈷〈μg 〉汗 1.2 vs 尿 0.6 \n鎳〈μg 〉汗 32 vs 尿 3.1 \n銅〈 mg 〉汗 0.11 vs 尿 0.01 \n\n\n\n〈註〉假設 1 天出汗量為 2 公升\n\n資料來源：醫學博士石井宏子、松原英多合著『遠紅外線三溫暖的秘密』〈安立出\n版社)\n\n***\n\n有報導指出，由於長期暴露於太陽，馬拉松選手容易發生皮膚\n癌。"],["topImageUrl","https://www.philcheung.com/Health/rwo.gif"],["error",null]]}]}],["text","(*)\n感謝有心人士用心整理以下81條。這不知得花去多少時間和心血，真的很精彩。我們能得以分享是一種福氣！感謝他、學會感謝和感恩是做人的第一步。\n(此篇可繼續分享傳給您的朋友與群組)。\n1)\n洋蔥浸紅酒：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/RWO.htm\n2)\n自己CPR的方法： \nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/HAS.htm\n3)\n心臟病發､中風前兆：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/HSS.htm\n4)\n中風辨認常識：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/STR.htm\n5)\n聖心減肥良方：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/SHM.htm\n6）\n十大營養食品：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/10N.htm\n7)\n治口臭食療方：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/BBS.htm\n8)\n豬腳薑醋製法：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/GV.htm\n9)\n清心養血之良食：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/HBDD.htm\n10)\n珩記祖傳祕方鹹檸檬：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/SHSL.htm\n11)\n鼻敏感效湯：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/hayfever.htm\n12)\n果菜療能一覽表：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/h.htm\n13)\n療能食物對照表：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/WGFX.htm\n14)\n肉桂之天然食療：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/CINN1.htm\n15)\n小紅苺防尿道膀胱炎：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/CRAN.htm\n16)\n吹風機的妙用：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/HDRY.htm\n17)\n蜂蜜加肉桂粉的神奇：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/CINH.htm\n18)\n沒事多喝檸檬水：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/LMNA.htm\n19)\n人過中年不悲哀：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/AMAH.htm\n20）\n醫生之食療介紹：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/Food_files/frame.htm\n21)\n心肌梗塞急救法：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/HAET.htm\n22)\n枸杞消除疲勞：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/WOLF.htm\n23)\n紅棗保肝補氣：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/JUJU.htm\n24)\n遠離糖尿病不難：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/DIAB.htm\n25)\n健康身心之最佳時間：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/TIME.htm\n26)\n世衛評選的最佳食品：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/JUNF.htm\n27)\n十大垃圾食物：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/JUNK.htm\n28)\n蒜頭蒸飯, 老薑蜜糖：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/GARC.htm\n29)\n沒有阿茲海默的世界：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/ALZH.htm\n30)\n練太極可抗疫：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/MOVM.htm\n31)\n飯後熱飲：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/WWAM.htm\n32)\n食物防春季過敏：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/ALGY.htm\n33)\n香蕉的神奇：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/banana.htm\n(a)熟香蕉抗癌：http://wwwphilcheung.com/Health/BANATNF.htm\n34)\n慢性腸炎克隆氏病：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/CDDS.htm\n35)\n十大助排毒之食品：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/EXCR.htm\n36)\n腸道照顧好, 百病不來找：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/INTEST_1.htm\n37)\n腸道簡易運動：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/INTEST_2.htm\n38)\n延年益壽十則：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/LLTA.htm\n39)\n排汗和排尿的差別：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/SWET.htm\n40)\n補健清湯(排毒通血)：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/SASP.htm%3E\n41)\n謄固醇的常識：\nhttp://www.americanheart.org/presenter.jhtml?identifier=4500\nhttp://www.hsph.harvard.edu/nutritionsource/fats.html\n降謄固醇療方二例：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/CLTS.htm\n42)\n林燕妮治老花妙方：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/ESEJ.\n43)\n治失眠良方：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/SLPL.htm\n44)\n五大防癌水果：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/FFCR.htm\n45)\n慎食非季節性水果：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/OSFR.htm\n46)\n清洗蔬果勿用鹽：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/WFRS.htm\n47)\n少林十巧手：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/SLSK.htm\n48)\n食療歌：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/MDFD.htm\n49)\n羅漢果的食療功效：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/GMFR.htm\n50)\n游離基是什麼？\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/FRRL.htm\n51)\n金雞獨立養生法：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/SO1L.htm\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/SO1L_e.htm\n52)\n氣功按摩十八法：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/QG18.htm\n53)\n多吃疏果能防癌嗎？\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/FVEC.htm\n54)\n中風急救黃金一小時：\nhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w5QNywbbQvE\n55)\n簡易膝蓋保健：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/KNEE.htm\n56)\n十四個徵兆預示長壽：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/14PL.htm\n57)\n心血管淤塞救命良方：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/BVCG.htm\n58)\n肝炎養生保健之道：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/HPTS.htm\n59)\n抗新流感漢方蔬果汁：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/FLUJ.htm\n60)\n馬鈴薯鮮汁療法：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/POTJ.htm\n61)\n打嗝放屁去濁氣：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/\n62)\n避免洗腎的秘方：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/KDRR.htm\n63)\n日用品治療用途：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/HHRM.htm\n64)\n烤蕃薯具強藥效：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/YAMB.htm\n65)\n平穩降血脂食物：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/8LLF.htm\n66)\n專家推薦長壽食品：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/10LF.htm\n67)\n夏天運動提防中暑：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/HSTK.htm\n68)\n食物之糖份含量：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/SGCT.htm\n69)\n白蘿蔔食療功效：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/RDSH.htm\n70)\n3低1高的健康飲食：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/3L1H.htm\n71)\n使癌細胞多休眠：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/PCCS.htm\n72)\n人生哲學50課：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/90LP.htm\n73)\n老中醫點評水果：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/CMVF.htm\n74)\n有助減肥的良食：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/8FEF.htm\n75)\n睡覺的訣竅：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/KSLP.htm\n76)\n有損大腦的陋習：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/BRDH.htm\n77)\n損肝的主要原因： \nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/LVDH.htm\n78)\n五大致癌的食物：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/5CCF.htm\n79)\n薑的好處多得很：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/GING.htm\n80)\n楊桃可毒害腎病人：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/STRF_e.htm\n81)\n五樣好東西：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/5KGT.htm"],["id","5478605343332-rumor"],["createdAt","2017-01-09T16:01:00.000Z"]]}],["reply",{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["id","5PpWnYQBC7Q3lHuUSFGo"],["user",{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["id","XosaNoQBv5it-Cx_Paln"],["name","Stephanie Wang"],["avatarUrl","https://www.gravatar.com/avatar/b9b1fdc5f19bfd2f60a64fe297125ee1?s=100&d=identicon&r=g"],["level",7]]}],["type","RUMOR"],["text","文中提到“補氣養血：紅棗為補養佳品，食療藥膳中常加入紅棗補養身體、滋潤氣血。台大免疫學孫安迪博士大力提倡平時多吃紅棗、黃耆、枸杞，能提昇身體的元氣，增強免疫力。”\n這裏存在一些使用前提，不得不説，紅棗有好處，但是糖尿病患者就不能多吃紅棗來補血，這是錯誤的！\n1. 紅棗的升糖指數達到100，能在非常短的時間內讓血糖飆升，若多吃對於糖友來説反而是負擔，甚至十分危險！\n2. 若是少吃，紅棗内的鐵元素含量低，幾乎達不到補血的作用，還不如吃一些内臟的補血效果更好"],["reference","https://www.39health.com.tw/threads/493e5216-33c0-4209-9365-c023797f8d38/"],["hyperlinks",{"__iterable":"List","data":[{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","紅棗是補血聖品嗎?小心吃多了會血糖爆表!"],["url","https://www.39health.com.tw/threads/493e5216-33c0-4209-9365-c023797f8d38/"],["summary","紅棗營養成分高，含有豐富的糖、澱粉、蛋白質、維生素B、C、黃酮類化合物、β-胡蘿蔔素、鈣、鐵、磷等。其中含糖最高，尤其是乾紅棗，總含糖量更是高達80.8%-85.6%。而紅棗的升糖指數更是達到100，所以紅棗不僅可以吸收大量糖分，更是能在非常短的時間內讓血糖飆升。"],["topImageUrl",null],["error",null]]}]}],["createdAt","2022-11-22T03:16:28.461Z"]]}]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["article",{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["replyCount",2],["references",{"__iterable":"List","data":[{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["type","LINE"]]}]}],["replyRequestCount",3],["user",null],["hyperlinks",{"__iterable":"List","data":[{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","Red Wine With Onion"],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/RWO.htm"],["summary","洋蔥浸葡萄酒的驚人效果 Citrus Punch\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n洋蔥是一般家庭普通的食物，用以炸、炒、煲湯都很可口，也可配以生果和蔬菜做\n沙律，原來用作浸葡萄酒(紅酒)，更可治療很多我常見的病。\n\n筆者回港時一酒商朋友介紹，當時半信半疑，因他是做法酒入口酒的生意，可能是\n為了推銷他代理的紅酒，但他卻保證真的有這樣的療效，很多人都飲用，所以回到\n黃金海岸，便開始浸了瓶來試試，也把這個信息帶給大佬JOE，因其太座LILY和他有\n齊所有的病症，聽後大家不禁哈哈大笑。\n\n心想不用花多少錢，不妨一試，果然不試尤可，一試其功效十分顯著，連老伴也大\n讚好野。因不用晚間上廁所，而且發覺浸了洋蔥的紅酒入口更醇，更易入口，像筆\n者不懂飲酒的也可以飲用，通常筆者未試過就不敢寫出來，今次飲過之後覺得效果\n甚佳，就將其公開給大家，希望人人健康。\n\n\n\n\n\n材料： \n洋蔥2個，紅葡萄酒500毫升，1瓶普通紅葡萄酒酒配三個洋蔥。\n制法： \n一. 將洋蔥洗淨，去掉表面茶色外皮，切成八等份約半月形；\n二. 將洋蔥裝入玻璃瓶內，加入紅葡萄酒，(將剝下來的外皮也一起加入效果更\n\n好)；\n三. 將玻璃瓶蓋好密封，在陰涼地方放置約2至8日，(筆者覺得一星期最好)；\n\n\n四. 將玻璃瓶的洋蔥片，用濾網過濾後，洋蔥、酒分開裝入瓶中，放置在冰箱\n\n中冷藏。\n飲用方法： \n一. 每日約一杯(50毫升)，年紀大的人每次20毫升左右；\n二. 每日飲一至兩次；\n三. 浸過酒的洋蔥片一起食用更好；\n四. 不喝酒的人，可用兩倍左右的開水稀釋後飲用或每次倒入電鍋內煮約4至5分\n\n鐘，蒸發酒精後飲用。\n五. 若然喜歡甜的，可加入一點蜂蜜。\n \n\n看到這裏大家是否覺得很容易呢？究竟可以治那些病呢？讓筆者告訴大家，其功效\n\n對膝蓋疼痛、白內障、老人痴呆的效果相當驚人，日本非常流行。\n高血壓的患者，飲了之後血壓正常且安定，也會降低糖尿值，把血糖下降。\n\n* 最妙對老花眼也有很大的改善，飲用之後不用戴眼鏡也可以閱讀一般的周刊、\n\n雜誌。 \n\n* 每晚都要去幾次廁所的夜晚頻尿症，喝了兩天之後，不可思議的完全恢復正常。\n\n \n\n* 每天夜裏醒來，一直到天亮都不能再入睡的，不食安眠藥不能入睡的不眠症，飲\n\n用之後也會全消除。\n * 眼睛疲勞和模糊不清，喝了之後第二天就沒有問題了。 \n * 對幾乎無法治療的白尿症，尿會混濁的之後的也變得接近透明。 \n * 經常肚子會脹，非常痛苦的便秘症，喝了之後第二天便恢復正常排便。 \n\n以上這麼多的效，若然你的年齡在中年以上一定適合，花錢不多，有益功效顯著，\n\n不妨一試。\n實驗結果： \n原來是而此，信不信由您，依照份量飲，三五天見效\n夜裏甜蜜睡，惡夢冇跟隨，精神身體好，健步快如飛\n攻打四方城，手指靈活摔，延年兼益壽，命長精神爽\n討厭吃洋蔥嗎 ? 看看下面的文章，即使它再不可口，為了身體好，也請多\n\n多食用。關心自己也關心家裡的人喔！\n\n\n\n\n【\n\n洋蔥比骨質酥鬆症的藥有效\n\n】\n\n\n家庭主婦不愛用洋蔥做菜，處理時會讓人流眼淚，很多人也怕洋蔥味。除非是手藝\n高超的洋蔥料理，否則真的很難找到洋蔥的熱愛者。但是想要讓自己骨骼結實、身\n體長得高、預防骨質酥鬆症的人，最好還是乖乖地捏著鼻子吃洋蔥吧。因為權威期\n刊「自然」的最新研究報告指出，洋蔥是最能夠防止骨質流失的一種蔬菜。\n\n洋蔥預防骨質流失的效果，甚至比骨質酥鬆症治療藥品「calcitonin」還要好。研\n究人員讓雄性大白鼠每天吃一公克乾洋蔥，連續四週後，公白鼠的骨質平均增加了\n13.5-18%。另一組實驗則發現，讓大白鼠食用含有洋蔥的混合蔬菜，也能夠減少骨\n質流失問題。第三組實驗則是讓摘除卵巢的雌性大白鼠每天吃1.5公克的洋蔥，結果\n骨質流失的速率減少了25%。更值得注意的是，洋蔥的保健功效在短短12小時內就看\n得到了。\n\n研究人員認為，洋蔥的效果可能來自於「預防骨質流失」，因此想要利用洋蔥保健\n的人，每天可能要吃上200-300公克（10盎司）的洋蔥，才能夠預防骨質酥鬆症。醫\n食同源，在我們日常食物中，有很多蔬菜水果都具有藥物般的療效。像西餐裡少不\n了的配菜洋蔥，它對身體的好處簡直超乎想像。洋蔥炒蛋，或洋蔥炒牛肉，都是美\n味無比的健康菜；而洋蔥還可以用來生吃或榨汁喝，根據醫學實驗，它更能發揮多\n種神奇療效。\n\n\n\n\n【\n\n洋蔥可以預防膽固醇過高\n\n】\n\n\n\n據哈佛醫學院心臟科教授克多格爾威治博士指出，每天生吃半個洋蔥，或喝等量的\n洋蔥汁，平均可增加心臟病人約30%的HDL含量（HDL為高密度脂蛋白膽固醇，一種被\n認為有助於預防動脈粥狀硬化的膽固醇，也是一種的好的膽固醇。）每天生吃半個\n洋蔥，或喝等量的洋蔥汁，以保護心臟，這原是個民間偏方，\n\n\n\n【\n\n洋蔥可以分解脂肪\n\n】\n\n\n克多博士在自己的診所裡對病人進行實驗，證明洋蔥確有提升好膽固醇的療效，不\n過洋蔥煮得越熟，越不具效果。　uu12288 克多博士讓診所裡的心臟病人每天吃\n洋蔥，結果發現洋蔥裡所含的化合物也能阻止血小板凝結，並加速血液凝塊溶解。\n所以，當你享用高脂肪食物時，最好能搭配些許洋蔥，將有助於抵銷高脂肪食物引\n起的血液凝塊；所以說牛排通常搭配洋蔥一起吃，是很有道理的。\n\n\n\n【\n\n洋蔥可以預防胃癌\n\n】\n\n\n洋蔥和大蒜、大蔥、韭菜這些蔥屬蔬菜，因含有抗癌的化學物質，據研究人員在中\n國山東省一個胃癌罹患率很高的地方所做的調查發現，當洋蔥吃得越多，得胃癌的\n機率就越低。\n\n\n\n【\n\n洋蔥可以對抗哮喘\n\n】\n\n\n洋蔥含有至少三種抗發炎的天然化學物質，可以治療哮喘。由於洋蔥可以抑制組織\n胺的活動，而組織胺正是一種會引起哮喘過敏症狀的化學物質；據德國的研究，洋\n蔥可以使哮喘的發作機率降低一半左右。\n\n\n\n【\n\n洋蔥可以治療糖尿病\n\n】\n\n\n很久以前，洋蔥就被用來治療糖尿病，到了現代，醫學也證明洋蔥確實能夠降血糖；\n而且不論生食或熟食，都同樣有效果。原來洋蔥裡有一種抗糖尿病的化合物，類似\n常用的口服降血糖劑甲磺丁胺，具有刺激胰島素合成及釋放的作用。\n\n\n\n\n【\n\n洋蔥還有其他多種療效\n\n】\n\n\n洋蔥的妙用還不止上述這些，在日常生活中，洋蔥還可用來防治失眠：將切碎的洋\n蔥放置於枕邊，洋蔥特有的刺激成分，會發揮鎮靜神經、誘人入眠的神奇功效。感\n冒的時候，喝加了洋蔥的熱味噌湯，很快就可發汗退燒。如果鼻塞，以一小片洋蔥\n抵住鼻孔，洋蔥的刺激氣味，會促使鼻子瞬間暢通起來。如果咳嗽，以紗布包裹切\n碎的洋蔥，覆蓋於喉嚨到胸口，也可以很快抑制咳嗽。攝取高鈣就能防止骨質的流\n失嗎？骨折雖不像得了癌症或愛滋病那麼令人感到震驚與絕望，但有不少老年人本\n來身體還蠻硬朗，然而一旦發生了骨折，突然活動量銳減，身體狀況急速下降，甚\n至有些人沒在下床或下輪椅而走了。 \n\n骨質流失是一種不會痛，甚至也沒有感覺的生理現象，常一直到發生骨折或去測骨\n質密度才突然發現骨骼已經變得那麼的疏鬆了。骨骼與其他之組織不大一樣，它由\n『造骨細胞』和『破骨細胞』來分別擔任其『新陳』和『代謝』。當造骨細胞之活\n性大過破骨細胞時，骨骼會增長、增大或增加其密度；反之，則變得更疏鬆。 \n\n骨骼的建造乃是先以膠原蛋白構成立體網狀之基質，然後再由鈣、鎂、鋅、磷、氟\n等化合物與膠原蛋白結合，添充在其空洞中，但破骨細胞也一直不斷地分解這些基\n質與礦物質。飲食中所攝取的鈣質是否有機會存到骨骼中而使骨骼加長（身高加長\n或骨質變得更緻密？其必須通過兩關的考驗，第一是其吸收率，如所攝取的鈣質不\n易被吸收，所攝取的鈣大多還是由糞便中排掉。因此衛生署公告的「健康食品之改\n善骨質疏鬆功能評估方法」的第一項測定即以其吸收率來作為評估指標，如某一食\n品之鈣吸收率能明顯高過一般最普遍用來做為食品添加物的碳酸鈣（CaCO3）時，可\n視為一健康食品。 \n\n第二是所吸收進入血液的鈣質是否能存入骨骼中？許多人誤會以為多吃鈣就一定可\n防止骨質流失，可惜答案並非是肯定的。即使部分鈣被吸收了，還是要加上負重或\n抗阻力運動（游泳沒有幫助）來刺激甲狀腺分泌「降鈣素」（Calcitonin），它可\n加強造骨細胞之活性，而才能將血鈣有效的存到骨骼中。 \n\n因此，長期臥床的病人，即使攝取易吸收之高鈣，骨質還是會流失很厲害，因此在\n幫他翻身時，常一不小心就會發生骨折。其實每天睡到天亮，快起床時，常破骨細\n胞的活性或大過造骨細胞，因此，如您怕會有骨質疏鬆症，除了多攝取優質的鈣之\n外，別忘了也要常做負重（在不傷到關節之範圍內）的運動。"],["topImageUrl","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/rwo.gif"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","HOW TO SURVIVE A HEART ATTACK ALONE"],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/HAS.htm"],["summary","HOW TO SURVIVE A HEART ATTACK ALONE\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nIf everyone who gets this sends it to 10 people, you can bet that we'll \nsave at least one life. Let's say it's 6: 15 p. m. and you're driving home \n(alone of course), after an unusually hard day on the job. You're really \ntired, upset and frustrated. Suddenly, you start experiencing severe pain \nin your chest that starts to radiate out into your arm and up into your \njaw. You are only about five miles from the hospital nearest your home; \nunfortunately you don't know if you'll be able to make it that far. What \ncan you do? You've been trained in CPR but the guy that taught the course \nneglected to tell you how to perform it on yourself. Since many people are \nalone when they suffer a heart attack, this article seemed to be in order. \n\n\nWithout help, the person whose heart stops beating properly and who begins \nto feel faint, has only about 10 seconds left before losing consciousness. \nHowever, these victims can help themselves by coughing repeatedly and very \nvigorously. A deep breath should be taken before each cough. The cough must \nbe deep and prolonged, as when producing sputum from deep inside the chest. \nAnd a cough must be repeated about every 2 seconds without let up until help \narrives, or until the heart is felt to be beating normally again. Deep breaths \nget oxygen into the lungs and coughing movements squeeze the heart and keep \nthe blood circulating. The squeezing pressure on the heart also helps it \nregain normal rhythm. In this way, heart attack victims can get to a hospital.\n \n\nTell as many other people as possible about this, it could save their lives! \n\nFrom Health Cares, Rochester General Hospital via Chapter 240s newsletter \nAND THE BEAT GOES ON . . . \n\n(reprint from The Mended Hearts, Inc. publication, Heart Response) \n\n\n\n自己的CPR方法\n\n\n\n假設現在時刻是下午五點五十分，忙忙碌碌的你上了一整天的班，正在開車回家的\n路上(當然是一個人囉！)。突然，你感到胸口有一股劇痛，並且開始漫延到手臂和\n下巴。可是，離最近的醫院大概還有五公里遠。更糟糕的是，你自己都不知道能不\n能撐得了那麼遠。怎麼辦？以前曾經受過心肺複甦術CPR訓練，但是教課老師並沒教\n你怎麼自己給自己做急救的方法。獨處時，心臟病發作急救術--(許多人心臟病發\n作時，四周沒有旁人，因此，學會能自己給自己做簡單的心肺複甦術是非常重要的。\n)\n\n一個人若是心臟不能正常跳動，並且開始感到快要昏過去時，他大概只有十秒鐘的\n時間，然後就會失去知覺，不省人事。若是四周沒有旁人能幫忙急救，患者要立刻\n把握這十秒鐘的短暫時間自己救自己。要不停咳嗽！用力的咳！每一次咳嗽前，都\n要先深吸一大口氣。然後，用力地、深深地、長長地咳，好像要把胸腔深處的痰咳\n出來一般。每間隔大約兩秒鐘，要做一次吸、一次咳，一直要做到救護趕到時，或\n者已經感到心跳恢復正常，才能休息。做深呼吸的目的是要把氧氣吸進肺部，咳嗽\n的目的則是要以這個動作壓擠心臟，進而促進血液循環。對心臟的擠壓也可以幫它\n恢復正常脈搏。如此急救，可以讓心臟病發作患者有機會打電話求救，或者在每次\n氣間呼救。\n\n救人一命，勝造七級浮屠。請大家把這個自我心肺複甦急救術告訴他人，或再影印\n分發。說不定就因此救了您的家人、親戚、朋友、同事、左鄰右舍或任何個不管您\n認識或不認識的人一命。"],["topImageUrl","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/rwo.gif"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","Heart Attack Warning Signs"],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/HSS.htm"],["summary","Heart Attack Warning Signs\n\nSome\nheart attacks are sudden and intense -- the \"movie heart attack,\"\nwhere no one doubts what's happening. But most heart attacks start slowly, with\nmild pain or discomfort. Often people affected aren't sure what's wrong and\nwait too long before getting help. Here are signs that can mean a heart attack\nis happening:\n\n\n Chest discomfort. Most heart attacks involve discomfort in\n the center of the chest that lasts more than a few minutes, or that goes\n away and comes back. It can feel like uncomfortable pressure, squeezing,\n fullness or pain. \n Discomfort in other areas of the upper body. Symptoms can include pain or discomfort in\n one or both arms, the back, neck, jaw or stomach. \n Shortness of breath. This feeling often comes along with chest\n discomfort. But it can occur before the chest\n discomfort. \n Other signs: These may include breaking out in a cold sweat, nausea or lightheadedness \n \n\n\n\n\nAlso, see \n\nA Serious Note About Heart Attacks\n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nStroke Warning Signs\n\n\n\nThe American Stroke\nAssociation says these are the warning signs of stroke:\n\n\n Sudden numbness or weakness of the face, arm or\n leg, especially on one side of the body \n Sudden confusion, trouble speaking or understanding \n \n Sudden trouble seeing in one or both\n eyes \n Sudden trouble walking, dizziness, loss of\n balance or coordination \n Sudden, severe headache with no known cause \n\n\n\n\nfrom The American Heart Association\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nAlso, see \n\n\nStroke identification"],["topImageUrl","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/rwo.gif"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","Health Page"],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/STR.htm"],["summary","一朋友在室外燒烤會時突然跌倒﹐眾人緊張關心﹐要為她召救護車﹐她堅持是自己\n不慎失足﹐並不礙事。眾人繼續用餐。翌日﹐她丈夫來電說她昨天中風﹐昨晚送院\n不治﹐已不幸身亡。當時在場若有人能察覺她有中風的跡象﹐馬上把她送院救治﹐\n她可能有救。某腦科醫生說﹕中風的病人﹐如果在三小時內送院﹐成功醫治是很可\n能的。一般來說﹐察覺病人中風的跡象﹐並非容易。但遇上有常識的人﹐病人可會\n逃過死亡的一關。據醫生說在場人仕可以用以下三個測試方法判定病人是否中風﹕\n\n\n(一) 笑叫病人笑 ﹔\n(二) 講叫病人講話﹐說一些簡\n單句子 ﹔\n(三) 舉叫病人將雙手高舉 ﹔\n\n如果病人不能輕易做到上述的動作﹐便有中風的可能。另外叫病人伸出舌頭﹐留意\n條舌是否捲曲或者特別偏左或偏右。倘若有以上的疑點﹐應該馬上電九一一召救\n護車﹐並向接線生敘述你所觀察的情況。救人一命﹐勝做七級浮屠。\n\n \n\n\n\nMy friend sent this to me and encouraged me to post it and spread \nthe word, I agreed. If everyone can remember something this simple, \nwe could save some folks. Seriously . . . please read:\n\nDuring a BBQ, a friend stumbled and took a little fall - she assured \neveryone that she was fine (they offered to call paramedics) and just \ntripped over a brick because of her new shoes. They got her cleaned \nup and got her a new plate of food - while she appeared a bit shaken \nup, Ingrid went about enjoying herself the rest of the afternoon. \nIngrid's husband called later?saying that his wife had been taken to \nthe hospital and passed away. She had suffered a stroke at the BBQ. \nHad they known how to identify the signs of a stroke, perhaps Ingrid \nwould be with us today. Some stroke victims?don't die, they end up in \na helpless, hopeless condition instead. \n\nRead on...\n\nA neurologist says that if he can get to a stroke victim within three \nhours he can totally reverse the effects of a stroke . . . totally. He said \nthe trick was?having a stroke recognized, diagnosed and then getting \nthe patient medically cared for within three hours, which is tough. \u0014 \n\n\nRECOGNIZING A STROKE:\n \n\n\nThank God for the sense to remember the \"3\" steps. \n \nSometimes symptoms of a stroke are difficult to identify. \nUnfortunately, the lack of awareness spells disaster. The stroke \nvictim may suffer severe brain damage when people nearby fail to \nrecognize the symptoms of a stroke.\n \nNow doctors say a bystander can recognize a stroke by asking three \nsimple questions: \n \n\nS \n*Ask the individual to SMILE. \n \n\nT \n *Ask the person to TALK, to SPEAK A SIMPLE SENTENCE. \n\n \n\nR \n *Ask him or her to RAISE BOTH ARMS. \n \n \nAnother 'sign' of a stroke is this: Ask the person to 'stick' out \ntheir tongue . . . if the tongue is 'crooked', if it goes to one side or the \nother, that is also an indication of a stroke. \n\nIf he or she has trouble with any one of these tasks, call 911 \nimmediately and describe the symptoms to the dispatcher. \n \nA cardiologist says if everyone who gets this e-mail sends it to ten \npeople, you can bet at least one life will be saved? \n\nAlso, see\n \n \nStroke warning signs \n \n by American Stroke Association"],["topImageUrl","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/ShowLetter.jpg"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","S.H.M. Diet Program"],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/SHM.htm"],["summary","(\nChinese)\n\n\n\n \n\n\n\n\nS.H.M. Diet Program \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nIn the last century, human life expectancy has been up 30 years. This can be considered as the greatest accomplishment in human history for the past five thousand years. The \nnumber of centenarians from 1990 to 2000 has increased by 51%. \n\n\n\nThis weight loss program was established by The Sacred Heart Memorial \nHospital. It is designed for overweight heart patients to rapidly lose weight,\n usually before surgery.\nThe seven-day diet plan is on the basis of cleaning up the “polluted” \nbody systems by getting rid of excessive calories. If the program is followed \nwith discipline, after the 7th day, one can expect to lose 10 – 16 pounds \nwith a good physical feeling and noticeable health improvement. This program \ncan be repeated as needed. However, at the end of each 7th day, you must \nstop the soup for several days before restarting the cycle.\nDos and Don'ts\n\n\nEat vegetable, fruits and food that has high level of fiber \nDrink plenty of water \nDo not drink alcohol 24 hours prior to start of the program \nNo rice, sugar, alcohol or carbonated drinks (diet drinks inclusive) \nNo deep fried food (e.g., French fries, fried chicken, etc.) \nRoast duck or roast chicken can be used as a substitute beef but must \nremove skin \n\n\nBasic recipe (per meal):\n\nScallions: 8 plants \nTomatoes: 125 grams\nGarlic: 3 large ones\nGreen peppers: 2\nKorea lettuce: 1 large\nLipton mixed soup (with onion): 1 can\n\nAlternate recipe (per meal):\n\n\n\nScallions: 4 – 5 plants \nLarge garlic: 2 – 3 pieces\nGreen peppers: 3 \nTomatoes: 3\nCabbage: 1 small or half a large\nCarrots: 3 large\nCelery: one half plant\nKnorr's chicken broth mix artificial favor\nCut vegetables in small pieces. Cook recipe in strong heat with \nordinary amount of water for soup until vegetable is soft (approximately \n10 minutes). Add salt, pepper, curry or other spice as desired.\n\n\nDay 1: \n\n(low calorie day) \n\nFood: \nVegetable soup, basic or alternate from above and any amount of fruits (except \nbananas, cantaloupes, honeydews or any high calorie fruits.)\n\nDrink:\n water, tea (no sugar added)\n\n\nDay 2: \n\n(low calorie day) \n\nFood: \nVegetable soup, basic or alternate from above, other green vegetables (no \nsoy bean, broad bean or corn). No fruits. Optionally for dinner – one baked \npotato (whipped cream can be added) \nDrink:\n water, tea (no sugar added)\n\n\nDay 3: \n\n(low calorie day) \n\nFood: \nVegetable soup, basic or alternate from above and any amount of fruits and \ngreen vegetables. No baked potatoes.\nDrink:\n water, tea (no sugar added)\n\n\n\nDay 4: \n\n(high carbohydrate day)\n\nFood: \nSame as day 3. \nAlso eat 3 bananas. (Today you need potassium and carbohydrates).\n\nDrink:\nwater, tea (no sugar added). Also drink skim milk.\n\n\nDay 5: \n\n(high protein day):\n\nFood: \nVegetable soup, basic or alternate (at least once)\nEat beef (250 – 300 grams) and 8 fresh tomatoes.\n\nDrink:\nwater (at least 6 large glasses), tea (no sugar added). Also drink skim \nmilk.\n\n\n\nDay 6: \n\n(higher protein day)\n\nFood: \nVegetable soup, basic or alternate (at least once)\nEat any amount of beef (2 – 3 steaks) and green vegetables (broad leaves). \nNo baked potatoes. (Beef can be substituted by chicken, duck or steamed \nfish.)\n\nDrink:\nwater, tea (no sugar added). \n\n\nDay 7: \n\n: (low calorie day)\n\nFood: \nVegetable soup, basic or alternate (at least once)\nOther vegetables as desired \n\nDrink:\nwater, tea (no sugar), fruit juice (no sugar).\n\n \n \n\n\n\n \n\n \n\nmenu"],["topImageUrl","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/rwo.gif"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","Top 10 Nutrition recommendations"],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/10N.htm"],["summary",""],["topImageUrl","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/rwo.gif"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","(口臭湯) Bad Breath Remedial Soup"],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/BBS.htm"],["summary","董氏醫學研究中心 (中醫董進) \n\n\n\n\n\n\n筆者十數年前偶得一民間治口臭食療方，經常推薦給來診病者，屢試不爽，無往\n不利，大獲好評。驗方如下，各位不妨一試： \n\n\n\n青蘿蔔一個、\n豆腐二磚﹐\n煎白鯽魚一至二條﹐(如無白鯽，黑鯽魚亦可）﹐\n生薑三片﹐\n加水煲約二小時，取湯調味飲用。 \n此湯清潤、鮮甜、可口，凡屬肺熱，胃腸炎﹑ 化不良（偏熱症者）﹑鼻炎﹑肝炎\u0014\n等所致口臭者﹐皆適宜用﹐但屬寒症或病久體質潺弱者﹐則慎用或酌加少量白胡椒\n\n及陳皮﹐以中和湯中之寒性。 \n\n\n\n \n\n\nThe Bad Breath Remedial Soup \n\n\n\n\n\n\n [The following is the recipe translated from the above. Use of terms may vary.] \n\n\n\n1 piece of green turnip, \n2 pieces of tofu (bean curds), \n1 tilapia (or Japanese seaperch), pan fry it before preparing soup, \n\n3 slices of ginger. \nPut the above ingredients to a cook ware, add water, slowly cook for \nabout 2 hours. Add desirable amount of salt at your preferance. \n\n\n \n\n\n\n\n\n相關資料﹕\n\n\n\n防治鼻敏感食療 \n \n \n降膽固醇療方\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nRelated Topics:\n\n\n\n\nHay Fever Remedial Soup \n \nSoup to lower cholesterol"],["topImageUrl","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/rwo.gif"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","Pig's Feet with Ginger & Vinegar"],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/GV.htm"],["summary","See Article \n\non \nhealth benefits\n \n \n\n\n\nPig's Feet (Trotters) with Ginger & Vinegar\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n據中國民間流傳豬腳薑醋尤其對女性可以護顏補身。在農村是婦女產後必食之補品。\n\n現代的營養專家也認為醋豬腳含有豐富的膠原蛋白﹐對潤膚和抗老化有幫助。\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n\n[Recipe Translation]\nMaterials: \n (quantity good for 10 servings)\t\nSweet vinegar: approx. 5 quarts; Black sticky rice vinegar: 1 pint;\n pig's feet: 1 leg (knee down) cut into 10 or more small pieces; gingers: 6 pounds; \n10 eggs. \n\nSteps: \n\n1)\tPeel the gingers and slice them into pieces, wash and dry them with cloth, place them in a cookware with 4 quarts of sweet vinegar, (make sure that vinegar is enough to cover all gingers, add more vinegar if necessary), slow cook for 2 hours (or 1 hour if ginger shoots are used). \n2)\tSeparately boil water with pig's feet in for 2 - 5 minutes. Cool off pig's feet with running cold water. Drip dry for later use.\n3)\tSeparately boil eggs and remove the egg shell. Place them in the cooking vinegar for 30 minutes. Place them aside for later use.\n4)\tAfter 2 hours for step (1), add pig's feet (prepared in step (2), black rice vinegar and the rest of sweet vinegar to cook them for another 30 minutes. Finally add the cooked eggs (step 3). Done. \n\nNote: \n\n\tUse ceramics, porcelain, or glass cookware to cook vinegar. (Avoid metal cookware). The soup should not last for more than 5 days. If need to, refrigerate, and re-cook the soup at least once a week.\n\n\n\n\n\n \n\n \n\nmenu"],["topImageUrl","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/ginger_vinegar_i.gif"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","Heart and Blood Nourishing Food"],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/HBDD.htm"],["summary","魚﹕\n \t帶魚﹐銀魚﹐鯉魚﹐三文魚 ... (含鈣﹑鋅﹑碘﹑鐵﹑錳)\n \t海魚儘量少去鱗﹐洗凈魚肚中的鰾即可煮食\n\n洋蔥﹕\t(補鈣﹐降壓)\t\n\n蝦皮﹕\t(高鈣) - 即乾毛蝦\n\n大蒜﹕\t(“生長地上的抭生素”)\n\n蔥﹕\t(高鈣﹑鉀)\t\n\n番茄﹕\t(涼血平肝﹐清熱解毒)\n\n茄子﹕\t(“心血管之友”)\n\n枸杞﹕\t(“野蔬珍品”)\n\n芹菜﹕\t(杜甫﹕“鮮鯽銀絲膾﹐香芹碧潤羹”。\n宜吃根﹑莖﹑葉。)\n\n茼蒿\n\t(降壓﹐補腦。唐孫思邈收載於“千金方”為清心養血之良藥)\n\n此外﹐ 還有﹕\n菠菜﹐莧菜﹐韭菜﹐白菜﹐油菜﹐\n冬瓜﹐苦瓜﹐絲瓜﹐南瓜﹐黃瓜﹐青椒﹐\n腐竹﹐豌豆﹐綠豆﹐豆腐﹐黃豆芽﹐綠豆芽﹐\n西瓜﹐香蕉﹐蘋果﹐柿子﹐柑橘﹐梨﹐\n山渣﹐香菇﹐磨菇﹐木耳﹐銀耳﹐\n海帶﹐海藻﹐紫菜﹐海蔘﹐淡菜﹐\n茨菇﹐馬鈴薯﹐地瓜﹐玉米﹐胡蘿蔔﹐\n花生﹐西瓜子﹐葵瓜子﹐核桃﹐紅棗﹐芝麻﹐\n蜂蜜﹐牛奶﹐醋\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n[Translation]\n\nHeart healthy and excellent nourishing food \n\n\ncan help in regulate heart beat, high blood pressure, cholesterol and diuretic \n\n\n\nFish: - \nCutlass fish, silver fish, carp, salmon. . . (contain calcium, zinc, iron, manganese, iodine) \n * Fish need scaled, washed thoroughly in the belly area) \n\nOnion: - \n (contains calcium, lowers blood pressure) \n\nShrimp: - \n (high calcium) - the dried skinny shrimps\n\nGarlic: - \n (\"antibiotics grown on the ground\") \n\nOnion: - \n (calcium, potassium) \n\nTomato: - \n (benefits blood cells, liver) \n\nEggplant: - \n (\"Friends of heart, artery and vessels\") \n\nWolfberry: - \n (\"wild plant treasures\") \n\nCelery: - \n (roots ?stems and leaves are edible.) \n\nGarland chrysanthemum: - \n (nourish the heart, good for the brain and can lower high blood pressure) \n\nIn addition, there are: \n\nSpinach, amaranth, chives, cabbage, \n\ngourd, bitter gourd, sponge gourd, pumpkin, cucumber, green peppers, \n\ndried bean stick, peas, green beans, tofu, bean sprouts, soy sprouts, \n\nwatermelon, banana, apple, persimmon, orange, pear \n\nmushrooms, edible fungus, white fungus, \n\nkelp, algae, seaweed, sea cucumbers, mussels, \n\narrowhead, potatoes, sweet potatoes, corn, carrots \n\npeanuts, watermelon seeds, sunflower seeds, walnuts, dates, sesame seeds, \n\n\nhoney, milk, vinegar"],["topImageUrl","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/rwo.gif"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","Salted Lemons Good for Your Throat"],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/SHSL.htm"],["summary",""],["topImageUrl","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/lemon.jpg"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","Hay Fever Remedy Soup"],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/hayfever.htm"],["summary","防治鼻敏感食療\n\n\n\nHay Fever Remedial Soup\n\n\n\n(電郵傳訊; Email circulation)\n\n\n\n\n\n相關資料﹕\n\n治口臭食療湯\n \n降膽固醇療方\n \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n\n\n\n \n\n \n\n\n目錄"],["topImageUrl","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/hayfever.jpg"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title",""],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/h.htm"],["summary",""],["topImageUrl",""],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title",""],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/WGFX.htm"],["summary","What's Good For You (Cross\n Reference)\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Anomaly\n \n Function\n Kind of food\n \n \n \n Aging\n 老化\n Slows aging process \n Apricots, cherries, prunes,\n \n \n \n Allergies\n 敏感\n Fights allergies \n Honey,\n \n \n \n Alzheimer's \n 老人痴呆\n Shields against\n Alzheimer's \n Apricots, cherries, mango,\n \n \n \n Bacteria, Fungus\n 病菌,真菌\n Kills bacteria, Fights\n fungus \n Garlic, green tea, mushrooms, onion, \n \n \n \n Blood\n flow \n 血液循環\n Enhances blood flow \n Grapes,\n \n \n \n Blood\n pressure \n 血壓\n Controls blood pressure \n Apricots, Avocados, Bananas,\n beets, broccoli, chestnuts, figs,\n garlic, lemon, limes, mushrooms,\n watermelon,\n \n \n \n Blood Sugar\n 血糖\n Stabilizes blood sugar \n Artichokes, Beans, blueberries,\n \n \n \n Bones, joints\n 骨胳\n Strengthens bones, cushions joints\n Apples, Bananas, beets,\n broccoli, cantaloupe, Cauliflower, mushrooms, pineapple, sweet potato, yogurt,\n \n \n \n Breast\n Cancer \n 乳癌\n Combats Breast Cancer \n Cantaloupe,\n Cauliflower, \n \n \n \n Cancer \n 癌症\n Combats cancer \n Apricots, Beans, beets, blueberries, broccoli, cabbage, Cantaloupe, carrots, cherries, chestnuts, chili\n peppers, figs, fish, garlic, grapes, green tea, lemon, limes, mango, mushrooms, oats, olive oil,\n onion, oranges, peaches, rice,\n strawberries, sweet potato, tomatoes, walnuts, water,\n \n \n \n Cholesterol \n 膽固醇\n Lowers cholesterol \n Artichokes,Avocados, Beans,\n cantaloupe, chestnuts, figs, garlic, grapefruit, mushrooms, oats, onion, peanuts, prunes, tomatoes, walnuts, watermelon, wheat germ,\n wheat bran, yogurt,\n \n \n \n Colds\n 傷風\n Relieves colds \n Pineapples,\n \n \n \n Colon\n Cancer \n 腸癌\n Combats Colon Cancer \n Wheat germ, wheat bran,\n \n \n \n Constipation \n 便秘\n Prevents constipation \n Apples, Beans, blueberries,\n cabbage, carrots, oats, peaches,\n prunes, wheat germ, wheat bran,\n \n \n \n Cough\n 咳嗽\n Quiets a cough \n Bananas,\n \n \n \n Diabetes \n 糖尿病\n Battles diabetes \n Avocados, flax, oats, olive\n oil, rice,\n \n \n \n Diarrhea \n 痢疾\n Blocks diarrhea \n Apples, Bananas, pineapple,\n \n \n \n Digestion \n 消化功能\n Aids digestion \n Artichokes, chli peppers, flax,\n honey, mango, peaches, pineapple,\n wheat germ, wheat bran, yogurt,\n \n \n \n Diverticulitis \n 憩室炎\n Aggravates\n diverticulitis \n Peanuts,\n \n \n \n Energy\n 精力\n Increases energy \n Honey,\n \n \n \n Eyesight\n 視力\n Saves eyesight \n Apricots, broccoli, cantaloupe, carrots, grapes,\n sweet potato,\n \n \n \n Heart \n 心臟 \n Guards against heart\n disease \n Apples, Artichokes, Bananas,\n beets, blueberries, broccoli,\n cabbage, carrots, Cauliflower,\n cherries, chestnuts, fish, flax, grapefruit, grapes, green tea, lemon, limes, olive oil, onion, oranges, peanuts,\n prunes, rice, Strawberries, tomatoes,\n walnuts,\n \n \n \n Hemorrhoids \n 痔瘡\n Helps hemorrhoids \n Beans, cabbage, peaches,\n \n \n \n Immune\n 抗病\n Boosts immune system \n Cantaloupe, chili peppers, fish,\n flax, oranges, yogurt,\n \n \n \n Insomnia\n 失眠\n Ends insomnia \n Cherries,\n \n \n \n Kidney Stone\n 腎結石\n Conquers kidney stones \n Grapes, rice, water,\n \n \n \n Liver\n 肝\n Guard against liver disease\n Artichokes\n (朝鮮薊),\n \n \n \n Lungs\n 肺\n Improves lung capacity \n Apples, \n \n \n \n Memory\n 記憶力\n Boosts memory \n Blueberries, fish, mango,\n prunes, strawberries, walnuts,\n \n \n \n Mental\n 精神病\n Improves mental health \n Flax, \n \n \n \n Mood\n 情緒\n Lifts mood \n Sweet potato, walnuts,\n \n \n \n Postate\n 前列腺\n Works against prostate\n cancer \n Cauliflower, grapefruit, \n peanuts, tomatoes, watermelon,\n \n \n \n Respiration\n 呼吸\n Straightens respiration \n Oranges,\n \n \n \n Scurvy\n 壞血病\n Stops scurvy \n Lemons, limes,\n \n \n \n Sinuses\n 鼻痰\n Clears sinuses \n Chili peppers,\n \n \n \n Skin\n 皮膚\n Smoothes skin \n Avocados, lemon, limes, oats, olive oil, water,\n \n \n \n Sore Throats\n 喉痛\n Soothes sore throat \n Chili peppers,\n \n \n \n Stress\n 壓力\n Calms stress \n Strawberries,\n \n \n \n Strokes\n 中風\n Helps stops strokes \n Avocados, figs, grapefruit, green tea, peaches, rice, watermelon, wheat germ, wheat bran,\n \n \n \n Thyroid\n 甲狀腺\n Regulates thyroid \n Mango,\n \n \n \n Ulcers\n 胃病\n Guards against ulcers \n Honey, yogurt,\n \n \n \n Warts\n 肉瘤\n Dissolves warts \n Pineapples,\n \n \n \n Weight Loss\n 減肥\n Promotes weight loss \n Beets, cabbage, carrots, chestnuts, figs, grapefruit, green tea, olive oil, peanuts, water, watermelon,\n \n \n \n Wounds/Bruises \n 傷口/瘀傷\n Heals wounds,Banishes\n bruises \n Cauliflower, honey,\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n Back to Food List"],["topImageUrl","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/rwo.gif"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","Cinnamon Natural, Cures Diseases"],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/CINN1.htm"],["summary","肉桂:\n\n\n\n 筒狀塊片，質硬，呈棕色，以香氣濃厚，身乾精油含量高，黏性少為佳。質量好藥力\n足的肉桂稱“紫油桂”；刮去外面粗皮及裏面薄皮的稱“桂心”，性不太燥，適用\n於助心陽、交心腎：幼桂樹皮，稱“官桂”，力弱性燥，適用於溫中燥濕。一般通\n稱肉桂。【性味功用】肉桂味辛、甘，性熱。有溫補腎陽、溫中逐寒、宣導血脈的\n作用。其性渾厚凝降，守而不走，偏暖下焦，能助腎中陽氣（舊稱“命門之火”），\n並能納氣歸腎、引火歸元。 \n【禁忌】　　陰虛火旺、熱病傷津及假寒真熱者及孕婦禁用。\n\n\n\n \n \n\n\n根據西方醫學研究肉桂含有多種治病功能。其中包括預防血管閉塞﹐殺菌﹐控制血糖﹐\n幫助記憶﹐防止腸癌﹐保持體溫﹐醫治肚瀉﹑便秘﹑傷風和感冒等等療效。\n而\n美國新研究稱肉桂替代胰島素的作用能緩和第二型糖尿病。 \n服用肉桂為期40天。研究數據顯示，受試者的血糖、三酸甘油酯、低密度脂蛋白(LDL)還\n有膽固醇均明顯下降。\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n應用食譜參考 \n\n\n\n \n碧井珍肉\n\n \n 材料：\n\n \n\n大黃瓜 1/2 條、油1小匙、肉桂粉 2 小匙、豬絞肉1/2碗、鹽1小匙、\n太白粉 1/2 小匙、糖1/2小匙、水 2 杯 \n\n \n作法： \n\n \n\n\n(1) 豬絞肉洗淨，加入糖、油、桂皮粉、酌量鹽拌勻後靜置25分鐘。\n(2) 大黃瓜去皮洗淨，切約2.5公分厚的圓環塊狀，並將當中的籽去除。\n(3) 在每個圓環塊狀大黃瓜的四週抹上少許的鹽，並在其中間的\n 大圓孔裡塗一點太白粉。\n(4) 將圓環塊狀的大黃瓜排列在深盤中，約5個左右。\n 接著，再逐一塞進適量醃好的豬絞肉。\n(5) 在電鍋裡放入2杯水，然後擺進準備好的材料，大概蒸20分鐘\n 便可上桌。\n\n \n桂冰蛋糕\n\n \n材料：\n\n\n麵粉約1碗、奶油1/2碗、水1/2 杯、糖 2～3 小匙、蛋1個、肉桂粉 \n2 小匙、葡萄乾30顆、櫻桃6粒、油少許\n\n\n \n作法： \n\n\n(1) 將麵粉、奶油、水、糖、蛋、肉桂粉混和攪拌成黏稠狀態。\n(2) 將櫻桃切碎粒與葡萄乾一同混和於作法(1)的材料中。\n(3) 準備 2～3 個小鐵杯模型，用油稍微在內部刷一下，然後將\n\t 調好的麵糊倒入模型中。 \n(4)用165度中溫烤35分鐘左右即可。烤好的小蛋糕，放入冰箱冷藏\n\t 1小時便能享用。\n\n\n \n圈圈脆餅\n\n \n材料：\n\n\n\t麵粉1/2 碗、奶粉1/4碗、水少許、杏仁粉 3 小匙、果糖3小匙、\n\t肉桂粉 1又 1/2 小匙、香草精 1/2 小匙、蛋 1 個\n\n \n作法： \n\n\n\n(1) 混和所有的材料，使之攪拌呈糰狀。接著，由圓糰中抽取出\n\t 數個小圓糰，並將小圓糰搓圓一點成球狀。\n(2) 拿出烤盤，把球狀的小圓糰逐一排好，繼而用手指頭在每個圓球\n 糰上壓個小洞。\n(3) 以 170 度的中溫烤 12 分鐘就行了。烤好的小餅干在食用時，\n\t 沾巧克力醬或果醬皆可。\n\n\n\n\n另見\n\n蜂蜜加肉桂粉的神奇療效"],["topImageUrl","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/rwo.gif"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","Cranberries prevent urinary bladder infection"],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/CRAN.htm"],["summary","Cranberry's Health Benefits \n\n\n \n\n小紅苺防尿道膀胱炎\n\n(錄自星島週刊第 656 期)\n\n\n\n 健康食品有益養生\n \n小紅莓味道有點酸，但是含有豐富之維他命A﹑維他命C﹑維他命E﹑ 初花色素 (或\n稱濃縮單寧酸)﹑磷﹑兒茶素 (Catechin) , Vaccinin 等，具有非常好的抗氧化，\n抗菌及淨化效益。近年來的研究更發現。小紅莓富含抗氧化的多酚類物質，適當服\n用有增強免疫系統，防止泌尿感染的作用。其實，美國的原住民自古就知道，小紅\n莓對尿道炎及膀胱炎等泌尿器官疾病有效，把它當作藥物使用。飲用小紅莓汁可對\n人體提供類似天然抗生素的保護作用，不但可當作天然抗生素，也能夠有效地遏止\n抗生素濫用。\n \n小紅莓被稱為(對付膀胱炎) 和(尿道感染的最佳武器之一。專家建議一天喝一杯果\n汁。可以減少尿道，陰道方面的細菌感染風險。若是己得尿道感染疾病，除了吃抗\n生素外?如果每天再喝點蔓越莓汁。將有快速改善病情的效果。資料也顯示，蔓越莓\n還可以有效(抑制幽門螺旋桿菌附著於腸胃內)。(幽門螺旋桿菌就是導致胃潰瘍甚至\n胃癌發生的主因)。它也具有很強的(抗氧化作用) 。可以降低動物硬化對人體所造\n成的身體傷害，還具有(預防心血管疾病)的功能。還有人說，小紅莓的汁對治療花\n粉過敏也很有好處。\n \n\n\n \n 小紅莓醬 \n \n 小紅莓醬 (Cranberry sauce) 含微量納質及豐富食用纖維﹑維他命C 和一種巨效\n力的抗氧化營養素-花青素原。醫學研究指出。小紅莓有效防止尿道及膀胱發炎: 令\n外, 它含的抗氧化營養更能減少因細胞氧化而引致的心臟病, 癌症和其他老化疾病。\n\n 鮮小紅莓本身帶有苦和酸味, 所以常用砂糖來變甜。要減少攝取糖份可以用耐熱的\n代糖作調味或用低糖小紅莓汁來煮其醬汁。小紅莓醬做法十分簡單。把洗淨的小紅\n莓放進鍋裡, 加溫, 加一點水。小紅莓加溫後破開來, 適時攪動一下, 免得鍋底的\n燒糊, 面上的還沒煮開, 等鍋裡所有的莓子都玻開就差不多了。可以根據口味加一\n點兒糖,\n 明星廚師 Emily 的蒜味小紅莓醬\n製造方法﹕ \n\n一袋新鮮小紅莓, 兩頭大蒜切碎, 一杯新鮮橙汁,一個肉桂棒( CINNAMON STICK),\n一茶匙楓糖漿(MAPLE SYRUP), 2 茶匙牛奶, 鹽輿胡椒適量, 將小紅莓﹑肉桂棒﹑橙\n汁倒在鍋內煮到小紅莓皮破, 橙汁減少, 呈醬狀, 加入楓糖漿, 牛奶, 大蒜等, 加\n蓋子燒 2 分鍾, 從爐子上移開, 加藍鹽和胡椒, 沙司可以冷吃或熱吃, \n \n\n \n \n\nCranberries prevent urinary bladder infection\n\n\n(translated from the Sing Tao Weekly No. 656) \n\n\n\n \nThough slightly sour, cranberry is rich in the vitamins A, C and E. Pigments of its flowers in early stage (tannins), phosphorus, catechin (catechuic element), etc. have good antioxidant, antibacterial and purifying effects on human being. In recent years, research found cranberries rich in antioxidant polyphenols, hence can be used to enhance the immune system to prevent urinary tract infections. \n \nLong time ago, native Americans knew cranberries are effective in curing urinary diseases. Drinking cranberry juice can provide protective natural antibiotics without getting the abused effects on the body. \n \nCranberries are known to be the best weapon against bladder inflammation and urinary tract infection. Experts suggest drinking a glass of cranberry juice everyday can reduce urinary tract infection and the risk of having vaginal bacterial infection. Drinking cranberry juice supplemental to taking antibiotics will rapidly improve the clinical results on urinary tract infection. \n \nData also showed that cranberry can be effective in inhibition of H. pylori which can cause stomach ulcer and gastric cancer. It is also a strong anti-oxidation, playing an important role in lowering the risk of artery hardening and in prevention of cardiovascular disease. Some even say that cranberry juice is of great help to people with allergy. \n \n \n\n \nRecipe of Emily's Garlic favor cranberry sauce:\n\n\n\n\nA bag of fresh cranberries, 2 chopped garlic, a cup of fresh orange juice, 1 cinnamon stick,\n1 teaspoon maple syrup, 2 teaspoons milk, small amount of salt and pepper. \nCook cranberries, cinnamon stick, orange juice in a pot until cranberry skin breaks open and the mixture turns sticky. Add maple syrup, milk and garlic. Cook 2 more minutes with the pot covered. Finally add add salt and pepper. Eat cold or hot at your preference. \n\n\n\n\n\n \n\n \n\n\n目錄 \n \n\n\n\n Scroll down for English\n \n \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n更多"],["topImageUrl","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/rwo.gif"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","The Amazing Hair Dryer"],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/HDRY.htm"],["summary","Scroll down\nfor English\n\n \n\n\n\nThe Amazing Hair Dryer\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n[Translation] \n\n\nThe Amazing Hair Dryer \n\n (by Z. D. Zhou) \n\n\nNot long ago a friend took her ten-year-old boy to my house looking for to my wife, saying that her child had hiccups all day long. The child was very uncomfortable and unable to eat at all. After she checked, my wife said there was a muscle spasm in his diaphragm. Without hesitation, she took out a blow dryer, turned on the power and started blowing at the boy's stomach. About 10 minutes later, the boy burped and fell relieved. We were surprised that this thing can do the trick. But my just wife smiled. \n\nA few days later, I had a stiff neck when I woke up in the morning. I could hardly turn my head. I recalled my stiff neck problem was treated a few times by acupuncture and cupping when I was younger. I asked my wife for the similar treatment. She said there weren't any needles at home nor any suitable small jars for cupping. She just took out a hair dryer. I couldn't help laughing. Again? This thing can cure stiff neck too? Amazing! \n\nShe blew on my shoulders and my neck for about 15 minutes. My neck was really loosened up. I could turn my head now. Later in the evening, she repeated that on me once more. The pain in my neck was significantly reduced. I crowned her the \"queen of blow drying\".\n \nShe explained that this was inspired by the method people used in the old days. In hospitals, with all the modern equipments we have, doctors do not need blow dryers. Back in the old days, in rural villages especially, doctors were poorly equipped with medical supplies. So they came up with other means to treat patients with common pains. \n\nSuddenly I realized this is the thermal effect on pains with the heat generated by a blow dryer. Modern physiotherapy equipment such as electric, laser, thermal, ultrasound and others can easily generate heat for effective treatment. They are, of course, more powerful then a blow dryer. However, when they are not available, using a blow dryer to generate heat will also work, temporarily at least, on common pains such as back pain, muscle spasm, stiff neck, leg cramps, etc. It is easily accessible and easy to operate as long as there is electricity. The blow dryer is really amazing. Try it. Hope it works for you too. \n\n\n \n\n\n\n \n\n \n\n\n目錄"],["topImageUrl","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/hairdryer.jpg"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","Cinnamon with Honey Health Effects"],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/CINH.htm"],["summary","蜂蜜和肉桂的混合物能治愈大多數疾病。 Ayurvedic 和 Yunani 醫學，一直都使用\n蜂蜜作為這幾個世紀以來，重要的醫學研究。今日的科學家也接受蜂蜜可以治愈大\n多數疾病。蜂蜜可用在各種疾病且沒有任何副作用。今日的科學也指出，蜂蜜雖\n甜，但適當的劑量並不危害患有糖尿病的病患。一本加拿大著名的雜誌 \"Weekly World \nNews\" 於 1995/1/17 曾發表，蜂蜜和肉桂可以治愈下列等疾病。\n\n \n關節炎 \n\n微溫的水加入一匙蜂蜜及一小匙肉桂粉，在身體發癢的地方塗上並按摩。大部份疼\n痛可在15分鐘內退去。關節炎病患每天可飲一杯加入兩匙蜂蜜和一小匙肉桂粉的熱\n水。如果定期喝，慢性關節炎可被治癒。哥本哈根大學近期做的研究發現，醫生利\n用蜂蜜加肉桂粉的混合物來治癒病人，但需在早餐前食用。一星期後，約200名病患\n試用此療法，73名病患疼痛在一個月內明顯減少。大部份的病患在試用此療法前，\n走路都不太方便，試用後，病患可走路且疼痛也減少了。\n\n \n掉髮 \n\n那些受掉髮或者有禿頭之苦者，可在洗澡前用熱橄欖油，加一大匙蜂蜜及一匙肉桂\n粉在頭髮上停留約15分鐘後再洗頭。即使只停留五分鐘也很有效。\n\n \n膀胱感染 \n\n喝一杯加有二大匙肉桂粉及一大匙蜂蜜的熱水，可殺死膀胱裡的細菌。\n\n \n牙痛 \n\n 在牙痛的地方，塗上一大匙肉桂粉及五大匙蜂蜜做成的糊狀物，一天三次，直到\n牙齒不痛為止。 \n\n \n膽固醇 \n\n二大匙蜂蜜和三大匙肉桂粉加入16盎司的茶，給有膽固醇的病患喝，二個小時內可\n減少血液裡10%膽固醇。一天三次可減少膽固醇含量。從一本醫學雜誌裡得到的訊\n息：Medical Journal 表示，每日飯後食用純的蜂蜜可減少膽固醇。 . \n\n \n感冒 \n\n感冒的人可連續三天食用，一大匙微熱蜂蜜加 1/4 匙肉桂粉。這個過程可治癒慢性\n咳嗽、感冒及清理靜脈竇。 \n\n \n不孕 \n\n Yunani 和 Ayurvedic 多年來一直使用蜂蜜加強男性的精液。如果陽萎的男性定\n期在睡前食用二大匙蜂蜜，他們的問題就可解決。幾世紀以來，中國、日本及遠東\n地區，沒有懷孕及需加強子宮的婦女，都有食用肉桂粉。不能懷孕的婦女，可把半\n匙蜂蜜加入少量肉桂粉塗在牙床上，慢慢混著唾液吞入。在美國 Maryland 的一對\n夫婦，已經 14 年沒有孩子且已不抱任何希望。當這對夫婦得知這訊息，兩人開始\n食用蜂蜜加肉桂粉，幾個月後，妻子懷孕且是雙胞胎。 \n\n \n腸胃不適 \n\n蜂蜜加肉桂粉，可治癒胃痛及胃潰瘍。胃氣/腸氣：根據印度及日本所做的研究發\n現，食用蜂蜜加肉桂粉可以減少胃氣及胃痛。\n\n \n消化不良 \n\n飯前食用二大匙蜂蜜加肉桂粉，可減少胃酸且\n幫助食物的消化。 \n\n \n心臟病 \n\n早餐定期吃塗有蜂蜜和肉桂粉的麵包。它可減少動脈的膽固醇且可避免心臟病發作。\n 對於過去曾有心臟病發作的病患，只要每天食用，就可避免再一次的心臟病發作。\n 定期遵守上述的步驟，可減輕呼吸困難的症狀且可加強心跳。\n在美國及加拿大，很多的療養院都有成功的例子發現，當病患的動靜脈阻塞時，蜂\n蜜和肉桂粉可改善血液流動。 \n\n \n免疫系統 \n\n每日食用蜂蜜和肉桂粉，可加強免疫系統及防護細菌及病毒的侵害。科學家發現蜂\n蜜有大量的維生素和鐵。連續食用蜂蜜，可加強白血球對抗細菌及病毒。\n\n \n流行性感冒 \n\n西班牙科學家已證實，蜂蜜具有可殺死流行性感冒及預防感冒的天然要素。\n\n \n老化 \n\n定期喝茶並加上蜂蜜和肉桂粉，可預防老化。將 4 大匙蜂蜜加一大匙肉桂粉及三\n杯水煮沸。每天喝3-4次，一次1/4杯，可保持皮膚光滑且預防老化。也可延長壽命，\n讓你更年輕﹗\n\n \n青春痘 \n\n將三大匙蜂蜜加一大匙肉桂粉調成糊狀，睡前塗在青春痘處，隔天早上用溫水洗去，\n連續兩周，可消除青春痘。 \n\n \n皮膚感染 \n\n蜂蜜加肉桂粉可治癒溼疹、輪癬及其他皮膚感染。\n只要將蜂蜜加入肉桂粉，塗在感染處即可。 \n\n \n身體過重 \n\n每天早上空腹，在早餐前三十分鐘及睡前喝一杯用蜂蜜加肉桂粉煮的水。定期喝可\n以減重。定期喝，即使吃高卡路里的食物，也不會讓身體堆積脂肪。\n\n \n癌症 \n\n根據日本和澳洲近期的研究發現，胃癌和骨癌可利用此法治癒。癌症病患應食用三\n大匙蜂蜜加一大匙肉桂粉，一天三次，連續一個月，並持續進行腫瘤療程。\n\n\n \n疲勞 \n\n近期的研究顯示，蜂蜜的含糖量對人體的幫助大於傷害。有食用蜂蜜和肉桂粉的老\n年人比較靈活。針對這題材已完成廣泛研究的 Dr. Milton 表示，當活力減少時，\n可每天刷牙後及午後三點左右喝一杯水加半匙蜂蜜及少量肉桂粉，一星期活力就會\n增加。 \n\n \n口臭 \n\n南美洲的人，每天都會將熱水加一大匙蜂蜜及肉桂粉來漱口，這樣可以讓口氣整天\n保持清新。\n\n \n聽力喪失 \n\n每天食用蜂蜜加肉桂粉可恢復聽力。 \n\n[Translation]\nThe magical effect of honey with cinnamon\n\nA mixture of honey and cinnamon can cure most diseases. For centuries Ayurvedic \nand Yunani medicine has used honey as an important medical research. Today,\n scientists also accept honey can cure a variety of diseases. Honey can \nbe used in curing diseases without any side effects. Today's science also \npoints out that although honey is sweet, it does not harm patients with diabetes \nwhen appropriate dosage is taken. A well-known Canadian magazine \"Weekly \nWorld\nNews \" published on 1995/1/17, that honey and cinnamon can cure the following \ndiseases\n\n\n\n\n\nArthritis: - \n\nMix 2 spoonful of lukewarm water with 1 teaspoon of honey and 1 teaspoon \nof cinnamon powder. By applying the solution to the aching part of the body \nand massaging, most pain can recede within 15 minutes. Add 2 spoonful of \n honey and 1 teaspoon of cinnamon to a cup of hot water to make a drink. \nIf an arthritis patient drinks this daily on a regular basis, chronic arthritis \ncan be cured. In a recent research done at Copenhagen University, Demark \ndoctors tried to give a mixture of honey and cinnamon to their patients \nto take before breakfast. Of the 200 patients who participated, 73 patients \nsignificantly reduced the pain within a month. Most of the patients who \nhave difficulty in walking, found after the trial have pain decreased and \nsome even improved in walking.\n\n\n\nHair loss: - \n\n hair loss or baldness can apply hot olive oil with 1 teaspoon of honey \nand 1 tablespoon of cinnamon on the skull for 5 to 15 minutes before shampooing.\n \n\n\nBladder infection: - \ndrinking hot water with 2 tablespoons of cinnamon powder and 1 tablespoon \nof honey can kill the bacteria inside the bladder.\n\n\nToothache: - \n Mix 1 tablespoon of cinnamon powder and 5 spoons of honey to come with \npaste. Spread the paste on the aching area 3 times a day until pain goes away.\n\n\n\nCold: - \n If you catch cold, you can take a tablespoon of honey and 1/4 spoon of \ncinnamon powder heated warm, 3 times a day. This can cure chronic cough, \ncold and clear sinus.\n\n\n\nInfertility: - \nYunani and Ayurvedic have been using honey for years to strengthen the semen \nof men. If impotent men regularly take two tablespoons of honey before going \nto bed, their problem can be resolved. For centuries, people in China, Japan \nand the Far East, have used cinnamon to strengthen the uterus of women \nwho cannot get pregnant. Add a small amount of cinnamon to 1/2 tablespoon \nof honey, then coated the mixture on the gum and slowly swallow it. It is \nsaid that this treatment can help infertility. In Maryland of the United \nStates a couple could not have children after they had married for14 years. \nWhen the couple heard the method, they began to try and gradually increased \nconsumption of honey and cinnamon. A few months later, the wife got pregnant \nand eventually gave birth to twins.\n\n\n\nStomach discomfort: - \nAccording to researches done in India and Japan, consumption of honey and \ncinnamon powder can reduce stomachache and intestinal gas pain.\n\n\n\nIndigestion: - \n taking 2 tablespoons of honey mixed with cinnamon powder before meals \ncan help digest food and reduce gastric acid.\n\n\n\nHeart disease: - \nWhen eating breakfast, coat your bread with honey and cinnamon. If you do \nthis on a regular basis, it will help to reduce cholesterol in the arteries \nand may prevent a heart attack. This will also reduce the symptoms of breathing \ndifficulties and enhance the heart function. In the United States and \nCanada, examples of success are found in many nursing homes when honey and \ncinnamon are given to treat patients with venous obstruction. \n\n\n\nImmune system: - \ndaily consumption of honey and cinnamon can strengthen the immune system \nand protect against bacteria and viruses. Scientists found that honey has \na lot of vitamins and iron. Continuous consumption of honey can enhance \nleukocyte in fighting against bacteria and viruses.\n\n\n\nInfluenza: - \nSpanish scientists have confirmed that honey and cinnamon can help in prevention \nof influenza and common cold.\n\n\n\nAging: - \nregular consumption of honey and cinnamon tea can slow down the aging process.\n \nAdd 4 tablespoons of honey, 1 tablespoon of cinnamon powder to 3 cups of \nboiling water. Drink 1 cup each time, 3-4 times a day will keep you skin \nsmooth and make you look younger!\n\n\n\nPimples: - \nground 1 tablespoon of cinnamon with 3 spoons of honey into a paste. Spread \npaste on pimples before going to bed. Wash off paste with warm water the \nnext morning. Pimples will disappear in 2 weeks.\n\n\n\nSkin infection: - \ncinnamon and honey can cure eczema, psoriasis and other skin infections. \nJust add cinnamon to honey and put on the infected areas.\n\n\n\nOverweight: - \n30 minutes before breakfast and 30 minutes before bed time drink a cup of \nboiled water with honey and cinnamon. Regular drinking of this can help you lose \nweight, even if you have high-calorie food because honey and cinnamon do \nnot allow accumulation of body fat.\n\n\n\nCancer: - \n according to recent studies in Japan and Australia, honey and cinnamon \ncan be used to cure gastric cancer and bone cancer. Cancer patients eat \nthree spoons of honey and 1 tablespoon of ground cinnamon together, three \ntimes a day, as an ongoing cancer treatment.\n\n\n\nFatigue: - \nRecent studies have shown that the sugar content in honey is of more help \nthan harm on the human body. Consumption of honey and cinnamon makes the \nelderly more energetic. \n In an extensive research on this subject, Dr. Milton said that whenever \nyou feel your energy level is down, you can drinking a glass of water with \nhoney and a small amount of cinnamon in the morning after brushing your \nteeth and in the afternoon around 3:00 p.m. After 2 weeks, your energy level \nwill be back.\n\n\n\nBad breath: - \nSouth Americans use hot water with 1 tablespoon of honey and cinnamon to \nrinse their mouth everyday. It keeps you breath fresh all day long.\n\n\n\nHearing loss: - \ndaily consumption of honey cinnamon can restore hearing.\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nScroll down\n\n to see English"],["topImageUrl","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/cinnamon_sticks.gif"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title",""],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/LMNA.htm"],["summary","[Brief English Translation]\n\n\nDrink lemonade for health \n\n\n\n\nWash the lemons, make juice, then freeze into ice cubes. Seale them with a zipper bag and store them in the refrigerator for daily use. Making lemonade with the lemon juice ice-cubes is easy.\nLemon is good for your heart and bones as well as blood circulation. Lacking vitamin C for a long period is detrimental to your health. Experts suggest lemon drinks can be a remedy.\n \nAccording to a professor of the Japanese Ministry of Ibaraki Christian University, the death rate of the cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases is far higher than cancer. Many office workers who often have high calorie and high fat food, high pressure, and inadequate movement are at high risk of chronic cardiovascular diseases. According to his research, prevention of such diseases in the first step is to start with improved diet. He suggested that lemon being antioxidant with inhibition of free radicals is a good choice. Besides, people who have osteoporosis due to calcium deficiency can also drink lemon juice for improvement. \n\nLemon can enhance blood circulation and attract calcium. Moreover, the price of lemon is not that expensive. So, instead of buying expensive health medicine, it is wise to take advantage on lemon for health maintenance. \n\n\n[Benefits of lemon juice]\n\n\n\n \nLemon is highly alkaline: \nthe treatment was considered good medicine for most diseases, such as cough, phlegm, spleen deficiency. It's rich in vitamin C, and good for blood circulation. \nIt can prevent cancer, lower cholesterol, reduce fatigue, increase immunity, slow aging and maintain skin elasticity, as well as overcome diabetes, hypertension, anemia, colds, osteoporosis and so on.\n\nBoost memory: \nAccording to the latest study intake of vitamin C and vitamin E helps to strengthen memory and improve response. Degradation of blood circulation can have adverse impact on the brain, preventing the brain from function properly. Experts suggest that the efficacy of lemon with water-soluble antioxidant and vitamin C can help in maintaining the memory without any side effects. Lemon is a readily available health product in our daily life.\n\nImprovement of Osteoporosis: \nlemon citrate can enhance the body's absorption of calcium.\nHence, increases the bone mineral density and prevents osteoporosis."],["topImageUrl","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/lemonade.gif"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title",""],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/AMAH.htm"],["summary","Life After Middle Age\n \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n\n[Translation]\n\n\n\nA buddhist master once said in New York United Daily News:\n\nWith the ups and downs in one's life, a smooth journey is quite rare. Health, social environment, etc., are always unpredictable. Only if you are prepared in a variety of conditions, you can overcome obstacles to move forward. I often advise people that don't get too excited on ups and don't be so despair on downs. This way your life will be much easier.\n\n\nAfter mid age, with the natural degradation of body functions, one will begin to experience back pain, dizziness, tinnitus, gastroenteritis, constipation, high blood pressure, heart disease, kidney disease, diabetes, arthritis and other chronic diseases. While the health condition is not be under your controlled, it is possible to avoid or minimize the chronic diseases if you pay attention to your diet and preserve with exercise.\n\n\nIf business, property, wealth or social status are you goals, you will be \nattracted with endless pain throughout your life. In fact wealthy, but not healthy, is in meaningless. In case of serious illness, not only you are painful, your family and friends also suffer. Therefore, only good health will enable you enjoy life.\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n\n \n\nmenu"],["topImageUrl","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/amida.gif"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","FOOD VALUES"],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/Food_files/frame.htm"],["summary",""],["topImageUrl",""],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","Myocardial infarction first aid"],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/HAET.htm"],["summary","(圖一)\n\n\n (圖二)\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n (1)\n\n\n (2)\n\n\n\n\n\n\n 搶救黃金三十秒寶貴\n\n\n心肌梗塞就是心臟缺氧，心臟缺氧導致血液凝固，血液無法將氧氣輸送至腦部，就\n會造成腦死。搶救的黃金時間只有三十秒。 \n \n心肌梗塞發生前一兩個月通常都有胸悶現象，時好時壞，病發的一、兩天會特別累、\n感覺很悶。這時候就要特別注意。 \n \n患者不分老少，請務必讓您身邊的人學會以下搶救的方法。 \n\n第一步 \n\n\n持續呼叫他的名字，讓患者保持清醒，絕對別讓他睡著。 \n \n身上最好準備一小瓶沉香油。沉香油是急救之王。心臟名藥「救心」即是沉香所提\n煉。首先，將沉香油滴幾滴到患者的舌頭上。\n\n\n第二步 \n\n\n用手指壓人中，壓到患者眉頭皺 (見圖一)\n\n握空拳，反覆滾壓膻中到華蓋這個區域，刺激心臟肌肉。(見圖二)\n\n以右手握空拳，左手疊合其上，用身體的力量從右到左滾壓胸腔，壓、滾時，提醒\n患者吸氣；手放開時吐氣。 \n\n直到患者兩肩會動，臉色轉好。\n\n\n 如果您發病時身邊無人可幫忙，請您： \n \n 一、用力咳嗽； \n 二、用力搥胸； \n 三、趴在地上，滾動胸腔。 \n \n珍重生命，請大家告訴大家 \n\n\n中華氣機導引文化研究會祝福您享受健康的人生 \n\n\n\n\nMyocardial infarction first aid\n\n\n[Translated from Qiji Daoyin's circulation] \n\n\n\n\n The first 30 seconds is absolutely vital. \n\n\nMyocardial infarction is heart hypoxia resulting in blood coagulation, hence unable to transport oxygen to the brain. This in turn leads to brain damage. Prime time to rescue is only 30 seconds. \n \nTwo months prior to myocardial infarction, the symptoms are usually occasional chest tightness, bad mood and tired. One or two days prior, the patient will be completely exhausted. If this condition exists, one must pay special attention. \n\nThis could happen to anyone regardless of his/hers age. So people around you must be equipped the following first aid knowledge. \n\n\nStep 1 \n\nDo not let the patient fall asleep. Continuous say his/her name, to keep the patient awake. \nPrepare a small bottle of incense oil (agalloch eaglewood oil is the king of first aid). Put a few drops of incense oil on the patient's tongue. \n\n\n\nStep 2 \n\nUse a finger apply pressure on the patient's \"ren zhong\", the mid-point between the nose and the upper lip, till he/she frowns. (see diagram 1)\n\nHold fist to repeatedly roll on the mid chest region to stimulate movement of the heart muscle. (see diagram 2)\n\n\nPut the left hand on the right fist, apply pressure the help of the body weight to roll from right to left on the chest. Instruct the patient to inhale when you apply pressure, and exhale when you release. \n\nContinue until the patient moves his/her shoulders and his/her face turn to look normal. \n\n If you don't have anyone around you when this occurs, you can do these: \n \n 1, cough strongly; \n 2. hit your chest hard with fists; \n 3, lie on the floor, roll chest left and right vigorously \n \nLife is precious, please tell others about this. \n\n \nThe Qiji Daoyin Cultural Studies wishes you a healthy life. \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nScroll down for English"],["topImageUrl","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/HAET1.jpg"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","Wolfberry (Gogi) to promote metabolism"],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/WOLF.htm"],["summary","以前膚色真的泛黃，現在“黃裡透紅------淡咖啡色，羨慕吧！\n而且血液循環變好，指頭末梢和嘴唇都不容易乾裂，體力也變好，\n只要持續每天當茶喝兩個月，保證有成果！\n\n美女秘方：枸杞+黃耆+紅棗+數朵菊花+洋蔘. 補了嗎？\n\n那------枸杞+紅棗　- 很棒了！(李心潔都這樣喝喔！)\n量隨你抓，煮過會比用泡的效果好！\n枸杞最適合用來消除疲勞，\n枸杞能預防動脈硬化及防止老化，還具有溫暖身體的作用。\n驚人的療效令人讚歎！\n\n枸杞是一種具有強韌生命力及精力的植物，非常適合用來消除疲勞。\n \n\n\n\n\n它能夠促進血液循環、防止動脈硬化、.還可預防肝臟內脂肪的囤積，\n再加上枸杞內所含有的各種維他命、必需胺基酸及亞麻油酸全面性地的運作，\n更可以\n\n促進體內的新陳代謝，也能夠防止老化。\n\n枸杞可分為三個部分來使用：\n \n\n\n枸杞葉可用來泡「枸杞茶」，\n飲用紅色果實「枸杞子」可用於做菜或泡茶，\n枸杞根又稱為「地骨皮」，一般當作藥材使用，因此，\n實在稱得上是物盡其用。而且長期食用枸杞或飲用枸杞茶，也不會有副作用。\n\n它的藥效十分廣泛，具有\n解熱、治療糖尿病、止咳化痰等療效，\n而將枸杞根煎煮後飲用，能夠\n\n降血壓，\n\n至於枸杞茶則具有\n\n治療體質虛寒、性冷感、健胃、肝腎疾病、肺結核、便祕、失眠、\n低血壓、貧血、各種眼疾、掉髮、口腔炎、護膚\n等各種效果。\n但是，由於枸杞溫熱身體的效果相當強，患有高血壓、性情太過急躁的人，\n或平日大量攝取肉類導致面泛紅光的老饕們最好不要食用。\n相反地，若是體質虛弱、常感冒、抵抗力差的人最好每天食用。\n\n枸杞中藥常識\n\n\n\n\n枸杞味甘，性平，無毒。《神農本草經》謂「久服堅筋骨，輕身不老」。唐代甄權\n《藥性本草》謂：「補精氣諸不足，易顏色，變白，明目安神，令人長壽。」這說\n明枸杞既使人美容，又令人長壽。枸杞為茄科落葉灌木寧夏枸杞 Lycium barbarum \nL. 的全株。枸杞果又名枸杞子，紅潤甘美，味同葡萄，可作果食。以中國寧夏、甘\n肅產的為優。\n根據研究，枸杞果實和根葉含甜菜鹼、多種不飽和脂肪酸、維他命 B1 、B2、C、菸\n酸、胡蘿蔔素以及微量元素鈣、磷、鐵等。其中枸杞甜菜鹼有抗脂肪肝和保護肝臟\n的作用。\n枸杞有降血壓、降血糖的功效。而肥胖人、中老年人多見脂肪肝、高血壓和糖尿病，\n枸杞能治療這些病，無疑有利於輕身、健美、長壽。\n枸杞果還能使機體T淋巴細胞增加，增強免疫功能，所以有延緩衰老、耐老的作用。\n有指春採枸杞葉，名「天精草」；夏採枸杞花，名「長生草」；秋採子，名「枸杞\n子」；冬採根，名「地骨皮」。《保壽堂方》有服食枸杞返老還童之例，老人堅持\n長期服食枸杞，除了活到百多歲仍能行走如飛之外，還會髮白返黑，陽事強健，齒\n落更生。\n\n \nEnglish Translation\n\n\n\n [The following is an excerpt translated from the above for reference only. Use of terms may not be accurate according to the original.] \n\n\n\n\n\nWolfberry is a kind of robust vitality and energy of the plant. It is most suitable for treatment of fatigue. \n\n\nIt can promote blood circulation; prevent atherosclerosis and liver fat accumulation. Wolfberry contains a variety of vitamins, essential amino acids and linoleum acid to promote the body metabolism, and to slow down aging. \n\n\nIts efficacy covers a wide range, and is often used to cure fever, diabetes, cough and phlegm. Drinking tea made from the wolfberry roots, helps in treatment of physical deficiency, frigid, stomach, liver and kidney diseases, tuberculosis, constipation, insomnia, low blood pressure, anemia, various eye disease, hair loss, stomatitis, skin care and other effects. \n\n\nHowever, the body warming effect of wolfberry is quite strong warm. Therefore it is not suitable for people with hypertension, high blood pressure or those who have impatient temperament.\n\n \n\n\n\n\n\n相關資料﹕\n\n\n\n\n\n紅棗保肝補氣"],["topImageUrl","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/goji.gif"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","JUJUBES Chinese Red Dates"],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/JUJU.htm"],["summary","經常熬夜的朋友要多多服用哦！小小一顆紅棗，功效卻很強。\n紅棗不僅營養非常豐富，而且還能保護肝臟。\n在平時的養生中，善用紅棗，對身體的助益很大。\n中國的草藥書籍「本經」中記載到，\n紅棗味甘性溫、歸脾胃經，有補中益氣、養血安神、緩和藥性的功能；\n而現代的藥理學則發現，紅棗含有蛋白質、脂肪、醣類、有機酸、\n維生素Ａ、維生素Ｃ、微量鈣多種氨基酸等豐富的營養成份。\n現代的藥理學同時還發現，紅棗能提高體內單核---\n吞噬細胞系統的吞噬功能，\n\n有保護肝臟，增強體力\n的作用。\n這個發現和中醫用紅棗組方「養肝湯」來養肝排毒的方法不謀而合。\n\n醫星球醫星顧問莊淑旂博士大力推薦剖腹產的婦女產前應喝養肝湯，\n她認為剖腹產的婦女，喝養肝湯不僅可以排解麻藥的毒性，保護肝臟，\n減輕手術後的疼痛，而養肝湯的作法：紅棗七顆洗淨，\n每顆以小刀劃出直紋幫助養分溢出，然後用滾水兩百八十西西加蓋，\n浸泡八個小時以上，接著再加蓋隔水蒸一個小時即成。\n紅棗有如此奇妙之功效，同時又物美價廉，民眾應該多加利用。\n \n\n\n\n『紅棗』補氣養血：小小一顆紅棗，功效卻很強。\n\n\n中醫的方子裡，常常見到它的蹤影，因為紅棗有緩和藥性的功能；\n紅棗能補氣養血，是很好的營養品。\n中國的草藥書籍「本經」中記載到，紅棗味甘性溫、脾胃經，\n有補中益氣，養血安神，緩和藥性的功能。\n現代藥理研究現，紅棗能使血中含氧量增強、滋養全身細胞，\n是一種藥效緩和的強壯劑。在中藥學裡，紅棗的應用可分為以下幾種：\n\n1. 健脾益胃：脾胃虛弱、腹瀉、倦怠無力的人，每日吃紅棗七顆，\n或與黨參、白朮共用，能 \n補中益氣、健脾胃，達到增加食慾、止瀉的功效；\n紅棗和生薑、半夏同用，可治療飲食不慎所引起的胃炎如胃脹、嘔吐等症狀。\n\n2. 補氣養血：紅棗為補養佳品，食療藥膳中常加入紅棗補養身體、滋潤氣血。\n台大免疫學孫安迪博士大力提倡平時多吃紅棗、黃耆、枸杞，\n能提昇身體的元氣，增強免疫力。\n\n3. 養血安神：女性躁鬱症、哭泣不安、心神不寧等，\n用紅棗和甘草、小麥同用〈甘麥大棗湯〉，\n可起到\n\n養血安神、舒肝解鬱的功效。\n\n4. 緩和藥性：紅棗常被用於藥性劇烈的藥方中，\n以減少烈性藥的副作用，並保護正氣。\n\n如：「十棗湯」中，用大棗緩解甘遂、大戟、蕪花等瀉藥的毒性，\n保護脾胃不受傷害。\n\n紅棗是補氣養血的聖品，同時又物美價廉，\n民眾無需去買坊間昂貴的補品，善用紅棗即可達到養生保健的功效。\n\n\n\n \nJujubes- (Chinese red dates) \n\n\n\n \n [The following is an excerpt translated from the above for reference only. Use of terms may not be accurate according to the original.] \n\n\n\nBesides extremely nutritious, Jujube (red dates) also has great health benefits. It is commonly known as the liver's body guard. Chinese herbal medicine books recorded that Jujube as \"sweet and warm\", and is most effective in nourishing the spleen and stomach meridians. Modern pharmacology found Jujube contains protein, fat, carbohydrates, organic acids, vitamin A, vitamin C, calcium, amino acids and other nutrients. Modern pharmacology also found that dates can protect the liver and play an important role in physical strength of human-being. \n \nIn the herbal pharmacy, the applications of Jujube (red dates) can be classified into the following categories: \n\n1. to enhance the spleen and stomach: \n2. to enhance the Chi and blood flow. \n3. to nourish the blood cells \n4. to neutralize the potent drugs \n\nJujubes, while inexpensive, can be used by ordinary people to achieve effective health care."],["topImageUrl","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/jujube2.gif"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","Diabetes mellitus"],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/DIAB.htm"],["summary","YESï¼ç³–å°¿ç—…å°¿æ¶²ä¸æœƒå«æœ‰ç³–åˆ†ç•¶æˆ‘å€‘é€²é£Ÿæ™‚ï¼Œèº«é«”æœƒè‡ªå‹•å°‡åƒé€²åŽ»çš„æ¾±ç²‰è½‰æ›æˆè‘¡è„ç³–ï¼Œä½œç‚ºèº«é«”çš„ç†±é‡ä¾†æºï¼Œæ¤æ™‚ä¾¿éœ€è¦èƒ°å³¶ç´ æ‰èƒ½è®“è‘¡è„ç³–é€²å…¥ç´°èƒžä¸ï¼Œä»¥æä¾›ç†±é‡ã€‚é€ æˆç³–å°¿ç—…çš„åŽŸå› å°±æ˜¯äººé«”å…§ä¸èƒ½è£½é€ è¶³å¤ çš„èƒ°å³¶ç´ ï¼Œå°Žè‡´è‘¡è„ç³–ç„¡æ³•å……åˆ†é€²å…¥ç´°èƒžå…§ï¼ŒéŽå¤šçš„ç³–åˆ†ä¾¿ç©èšåœ¨è¡€æ¶²ä¸ï¼Œä½¿è¡€ç³–æ¿ƒåº¦å¢žé«˜ã€è…Žè‡Ÿè² æ“”å¢žåŠ ï¼Œä¸¦ç¶“ç”±å°¿æ¶²æŽ’å‡ºï¼Œæ•…ç¨±ç‚ºç³–å°¿ç—…ã€‚NOï¼ç˜¦åä¹Ÿæœ‰å¯èƒ½ç½¹æ‚£ç³–å°¿ç—…ç³–å°¿ç—…æ˜¯ä¸€ç¨®ç³–é¡žä»£è¬å¤±è¡¡çš„ç–¾ç—…ï¼Œä¸»è¦ç™¼ç—…æˆå› ç²—åˆ†æˆå…©é¡žï¼š(Type \nI diabetes) \nç¬¬1åž‹ï¼šèº«é«”çš„å…ç–«ç³»çµ±å°è‡ªèº«ä½œå‡ºæ”»æ“Šï¼Œç ´å£žèƒ°è‡Ÿï¼Œè®“èº«é«”ç„¡æ³•è£½é€ èƒ°å³¶ç´ ã€‚ç™¼ç—…å¹´é½¡å¤šåœ¨é’å°‘å¹´æˆ–å¹¼å…’æ™‚æœŸï¼Œæ‚£è€…é«”åž‹å¤šå±¬æ¸…ç˜¦ï¼Œè€Œä¸”é€šå¸¸åœ¨å¾ˆçŸçš„æ™‚é–“å…§ä¾¿æœƒé¡¯ç¾åƒå¤šã€å–å¤šã€å°¿å¤šï¼Œä»¥åŠç–²å€¦ã€å™å¿ƒã€å£æ¸´ã€é«”é‡æ¸›è¼•ã€è¦–åŠ›ä¸‹é™ã€å¸¸å—æ„ŸæŸ“ã€å’Œå‚·å£è¼ƒé›£ç—Šç™’ã€‚(Type \nII diabetes) \nç¬¬2åž‹ï¼šèº«é«”å¯ä»¥åˆ†æ³Œè¶³å¤ çš„èƒ°å³¶ç´ ï¼Œä½†å»ç„¡æ³•å……ä»½ä½¿ç”¨ï¼Œä¹…è€Œä¹…ä¹‹é€ æˆèƒ°å³¶ç´ 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¸å‡†å—æ¨£ï¼Œå¦å‰‡èª¤ä¿¡åæ–¹åè€Œé©å¾—å…¶åã€‚ä½œæ¯æŽ§åˆ¶ï¼ç›¡é‡ç¶æŒå¿ƒæƒ…å¹³éœï¼Œå¸ç¿’å…‹æœç·Šå¼µã€æŽ’è§£å£“åŠ›çš„æ–¹æ³•ã€‚å¹³æ™‚ä¸ç†¬å¤œã€å–é…’ï¼Œæˆ’é™¤å¸ç…™ç¿’æ…£ï¼Œä¸¦é¤Šæˆå®šæœŸå¥åº·æª¢æŸ¥çš„ç¿’æ…£ã€‚å¦å¤–ï¼Œé©åº¦çš„é‹å‹•å¯ä¿ƒé€²è¡€æ¶²å¾ªç’°åŠèº«é«”çš„æ–°é™³ä»£è¬ã€‚"],["topImageUrl","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/DIAB_2.gif"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","The right time to do (exercise, sleep, etc.)"],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/TIME.htm"],["summary","好朋友﹐能把握最佳時間做﹐有益健康.....\n\n\n\n唸書的最佳時間﹕ \n早上醒來頭腦一定會昏昏的，但去洗把臉後，就會清醒多了，這時也是頭腦最清醒\n的時候，而在此時唸書或是記東西都會比較容易！ \n運動的最佳時間﹕\n在早晨的時候出去散散步是不錯的，因為早晨的空氣是最新鮮的，在散步時多呼\n吸些清新的空氣，不僅可以提神，對身體又很有幫助，但切記不要做劇烈運動喔！\n\n吃水果的最佳時間﹕ \n 飯前一小時吃水果最有益，因為水果是生食，吃生食再吃熟食，體內就不會有白\n細胞增高的反應，有利於保護人體免疫系統，增強防病抗癌的能力。(鳳梨,橘子,香\n蕉,宜飯後) \n\n鍛煉的最佳時間﹕ \n 傍晚時鍛鍊身體是最好的，因為人的各種活動都受〝生物鐘〞的\n影響，無論是身體的適應或體力的發揮都在下午近傍晚時分最佳，早上則反之，運\n動時的血壓和心率都較傍晚時高，對人體有害。 \n\n洗澡的最佳時間﹕ \n晚上臨睡前，洗一次溫水澡能讓全身的肌肉和關節放鬆，有助於安然入睡。\n減肥的最佳時間 ﹕ \n飯後 45分鐘。在二十分鐘內散步行程1600米，最有利於減肥。如過二小時後再散\n步二十分鐘，則減肥效果更佳。 \n睡眠的最佳時間 ﹕\n午睡最好從午後一小時開始，這時身體感覺較遲鈍，很容易入睡。晚上則以十時至\n十一時上床最佳，因為人的深睡時間一般在夜晚二時至淩晨三時，而人在睡後一個\n半小時進入深睡狀態。 \n\n(請參閱睡覺的訣竅一文。)\n\n刷牙的最佳時間﹕\n 應在每次進食後三分鐘內，因為飯後三分口腔內的細菌開始分解食物殘渣中的酸\n性物質，腐蝕溶解牙釉質。 \n護膚的最佳時間 >人體皮膚的新陳代謝夜間十二時至凌晨六時最為旺盛，因此睡前\n 護膚有促進和保護皮膚新陳代謝及保護皮膚健美的作用。 \n\n飲茶的最佳時間﹕\n飯後立即喝茶不科學，因為飯後立即喝茶，茶葉中的鞣酸可與食物中的鐵結合成不\n溶的鐵鹽，降低鐵的吸收，時間長了容易誘發貧血，等飯後一小時，食物中的鐵\n質已基本吸收完畢，這時喝茶就不會影響鐵的吸收了。 \n\n記住了﹐我親愛的朋友！ \n希望人人都能選對時間﹐才有健康的身體 \n在這世上人間最關心你的知音 \n永遠祝福你平安﹗健康﹗快樂﹗幸福﹗\n >\n\n\n\n\n\n\nWhen is the Right Time to do\n\n[Translation]\n\n\n\n\n\nThe best time to study> \n\nwhen you wake up after you wash your face, you mind is most clear. Study at this time, it is easy to memorize what you studied. \n\n\nThe best time to exercise> \n\nin the morning, it is good for walking because the air is fresh. But do not do strenuous exercise!\n \n\nThe best time to eat fruits>\n\nEating fruit one hour before meals is most beneficial because fruits are raw. It is more appropriate to eat raw then cooked food so that the body need not to elevate white blood cells to protect the body's immune system. This in turn enhances the anti-cancer mechanism. (Exceptions: Pineapples, oranges, bananas, should be taken after a meal) \n\n\nThe best time to exercise> \n\nEvening is the best time to exercise because human activities are subject to the \"biological clock\". On the contrary morning is not suitable for exercise and can be harmful. Exercise in the morning, blood pressure and heart beat are moving higher than the evening. \n\n\nThe best time to take a bath>\n\nBefore bedtime, a warm water bath allows the body to relax the muscles and joints. It also helps sleep peacefully. \n\n\nThe best time to lose weight> \n\n45 minutes after meals. A twenty minute walking (or 1600 meters), is most conducive to weight loss. If the walk is repeated two hours later, it would be even better. \n\n\nThe best time to sleep> \n\nthe best napping time is one hour passed noon. This time is the easiest in falling asleep. 10:00 pm to 11:00 p.m. is the best time to go to bed, because deep-sleep normally from one half of an hour to one hour after you fell asleep. \n\n\nThe best time to brush your teeth>\n\nWithin three minutes after each meal. After eating one-third of bacteria in the mouth begin to decompose acid residue in food which can cause corrosion of enamel. \n\n\nThe best time for skin care>\n\n Skin metabolism is most vigorous between midnight and 6 a.m. So before going to bed, skin care can promote the skin metabolism and lead to proper functioning. \n\n\nThe best time to drink tea> \n\nDrink tea immediately after a meal is not scientific. This is because tea tannin has iron-binding properties making it iron salts insoluble, and preventing iron absorption. Day after day, it is likely to cause anemia. It is more preferable to drink tea one hour after when iron in food has been absorbed. \n\nHope everyone can choose the right time to keep a healthy body. \nWish you safe and happy always!"],["topImageUrl","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/rwo.gif"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","FOOD, the good & the bad"],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/JUNF.htm"],["summary","See\n\n \n\n十大垃圾食物\n\n \n \n\n\n\n \n\n\n \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n\n\n[The following is simply a translation of the above. It is not the original \nsource document.]\n\n\nWHO named the most healthy and junk food \n\n\n\nNews source: The Times \n\n\nAfter about 3 years of study, the World Health Organization published \nthe following list of the best food. \n\nBest vegetables: \nsweet potato - rich in vitamins, cancer prevention, selected as the top \nof all vegetables. \nOthers include asparagus, cabbage, cauliflower, celery, eggplant, beets, \ncarrots, shepherd's purse, broccoli, golden straw mushroom, xuelihong (雪里紅), and \nbok choy (Chinese cabbage). \n\nBest fruits: \npapaya, strawberry, orange, mandarin orange, kiwi, mango, apricot, \npersimmon and watermelon. \n\nBest meat: \nthe chemical structure of ducks meat and geese meat are close to that of \nolive oil, good for the heart. Chicken is called \"the best source of protein\"\n \n\n\nBest cooking oils: \ncorn oil, rice bran oil, sesame oil, etc. is better, vegetable oil next \n\n\n\nBest soup: \nchicken soup, especially the soup made from hens can fight flu and bronchitis.\n The soup is most suitable for winter and spring. \n\n\nGuardians of the brain: \nspinach, chives, pumpkin, onion, cauliflower, peppers, peas, tomatoes, carrots,\n green cabbage, garlic, celery and other vegetables, walnuts, peanuts, pistachios,\n cashews, pine nuts, almonds, soybeans and other nuts, brown rice, liver \nand so on. \n\n\n\n\n \n\n\nMenu"],["topImageUrl","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/6g_food.gif"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","FOOD, the good & the bad"],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/JUNK.htm"],["summary","See\n\n \n最佳食品\n\n\n \n \n\n\n \n\n\n \n\n \n \n\n[The following is simply a translation of the above. It is not the original \nsource document.]\n\n\n Top ten junk food \n\n\n\n(News source: The Times)\n\n\n\n 1. deep-fried food: \n i) culprit of the cardiovascular disease (e.g., fried dough sticks) \n ii) contains carcinogen \n iii) destructs vitamins, alters the property of protein \n\n2. Preserved food \n i) could cause high blood pressure, kidney overload, and nasopharyngeal carcinoma \n ii) affects mucosal system (bad for gastrointestinal) \n iii) easy to get ulcers and inflammation \n\n3, Processed meat (dried meat, dried meat floss, sausage, etc.) \n i) contains nitrite (as preservative and coloring agent). Nitrite is one of the three carcinogens: \n ii) contains high amount of preservatives (heavier burden of the liver) \n\n4, biscuits (excluding low-temperature baking and whole wheat crackers) \n i) too much food flavor and coloring is a burden on the liver \n ii) seriously destroys vitamins \n iii) low nutrition resulted from excessive heat \n\n5, cola soft drinks \n i) contain phosphoric acid and carbonic acid which can take away lots of calcium from our body\n ii) contain high sugar content, can spoil appertide \n\n6, convenience food (mainly refers to instant noodles and puffed food) \n i) high salt, high preservatives, high flavors (can damage liver) \n ii) only calories, no nutrition \n\n7, canned food (including meat, fish and fruits) \n i) destructs vitamins, alters the property of protein\n ii) low nutrition resulted from excessive heat \n\n8, preserved dried products (preserved plums) \n i) contains nitrite (as preservative and coloring agent). Nitrite is one of the three carcinogens \n ii) 2, high salt, high preservatives, high flavors (damage liver)\n\n9, frozen desserts (ice cream, popsicles, etc.) \n i) easily lead to obesity \n ii) contain high sugar content, can spoil appertide \n\n10, grilled food \n i) contains \"triphenyl tetrapropanate\" (the first of three major cancer-causing substances) \n ii) one grilled chicken's toxicity = toxicity of smoking 60 cigarettes \n iii) alters protein into a charcoaled property (increases burden on kidney and liver)\n\n\n\n\n \n\n\nMenu \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nScroll down\nfor English"],["topImageUrl","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/10_junk.gif"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","Garlic on Rice, Ginger with honey"],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/GARC.htm"],["summary","一位朋友每天吃蒜頭蒸飯，晚餐用一把蒜頭切碎煮飯，半年之後高血壓消失了\n，痛風症消失了，坐骨神經痛亦消失了。\n\n對於目前流行的非典型肺炎，他認為吃蒜頭是增強免疫力的方法，因為蒜頭是\n「窮人靈芝」，能通血管及清除毒素，以前美軍亦用作隨身解毒劑。\n\n蒜頭炒飯:蒜頭越多越香,拍碎,油鍋炒香蒜頭放入鹽 ,煮好的飯放如加葫椒鹽拌炒\u0014\n起鍋。另一位朋友提醒要多食維他命 C以增強抵抗力，並切忌吃煎炸熱氣食物，\n免引致喉嚨發炎，病毒就由此攻入。 \n\n\n \n\n\n\n \nSteamed Rice with Garlic \n\n\n\n \n [The following is an excerpt translated from the above for reference only. Use of terms may not be accurate according to the original.] \n\n\n\n\nA friend after eating rice steamed with chopped garlic for six months, his high blood pressure, gout and sciatica symptoms disappeared.\nIt is widely belied that eating garlic is a way of enhancing the immune system. Garlic is considered the \"lingzhi\" (ganoderma lucidum), for the poor. It has the effect to pass blood vessels and remove toxins from within. The U.S. military has previously \nused garlic as a portable antidote. \n\n\n\nApart from steaming, garlic can be used in cooking fried rice with salt and pepper for better taste. \n\n\n\n\n \n老薑的用途\n \n\n\n\n蒜頭之外﹐原來薑也是一樣有用。蒜頭及老薑是「廉價靈芝」\n真沒想到蒜頭及薑的好處多多!\n薑對身體很有益處，愛美又想要健康的人，不妨試試看吧！ \n薑湯做法：\n\n 1. 約十公克的薑磨成糊狀。 \n 2. 把薑糊放入玻璃杯裡。 \n 3. 注入滾燙的熱開水。 \n4. 加入一匙蜂蜜，拌勻後飲用。 \n 5. 男女老少都適合飲用。\n\n \n老薑切片或拍碎煮黑糖，功效一樣！\n連續喝兩個月\n\n（每天早晨入浴前各喝一次）\n\n據書本記載的見證：\n\n(1) 身體變溫暖，手腳冰冷的『怕冷症』體質明顯改善。 \n (2) 體重可減輕約十公斤。 \n (3) 皮膚變得細嫩。 \n(4) 去掉多餘贅肉，腰圍變細。\n\n\n參看﹕\n 薑的好處多得很\n\n\nBesides garlic, ginger is also beneficial to health and beauty. So give it a try! \n \n\nGinger and Honey drink: \n\n1. About 10 grams of ginger ground into a paste. \n\n2. Put the ginger paste in a glass. \n\n3. Add boiling water. \n\n4. Add a spoonful of honey, mix well \n\n5. The drink is suitable for both men and women \n\n\n\n(Cook crushed ginger slices with brown sugar will have the same effect.) Drinking twice daily for two months, the following is a list of proven results according to some written testimony: \n\n\n\n (1) cold hands and feet syndrome has been improved. \n\n (2) reduce body weight about 10 kg. \n\n (3) the skin becomes smoother. \n\n (4) remove excess fat, waist trimmed. \n\nAlso see﹕\nThe Benefits of Gingers"],["topImageUrl","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/rice_w_garlic.gif"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","Avoiding Alzheimer's"],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/ALZH.htm"],["summary","每天走路40分鐘老年不失智 \n\n\n\n阿茲海默症(ALZHEIMER)的最大危險因子是年齡，隨著年齡增加而增加。60歲以上老\n人約1%有阿茲海默症，之後每增5歲，罹病率就增加一倍，到了80歲，就有將近2成\n的人有阿茲海默症。如果能將發病年齡延後5年，則罹病者人數將減半，這就是「打\n造一個沒有阿茲海默的世界」的真諦。 \n\n\n\n如何打造呢？可由幾方面著手：大腦多動動頭好壯壯 \n\n\n\n多年來許多流行病學、腦部灌流及動物實驗的研究均顯示，高教育或多動腦者較不\n易罹患阿茲海默症。其實教育或多動腦不能改變大腦結構，但可增強腦力，就是增\n加大腦的知能存款，禁得起大腦退化時的提領。因此，多動腦可以讓失智的症狀延\n後發生，甚至即使大腦已有阿茲海默症的病變，也不會出現失智的症狀。 \n動腦方法以閱讀雜誌、書報最有效。打牌、打麻將、拼字遊戲、填數獨、造訪親友、\n看電視、聽收音機等休閒活動也都是不錯的選擇。養成終身學習的習慣是退休人士\n動腦的最好方法，不管是讓自己的專長繼續成長、上網學習，培養新興趣，參加社\n區大學或各種團體等，都是動腦的好方法。 \n\n\n\n運動健健美走路最好 \n\n\n\n運動是真正的青春之源。動物實驗顯示有氧運動可增加大腦微血管、神經細胞間的\n突觸、新生的神經細胞與神經生長因子，並降低腦中類澱粉含量。運動還可以降血\n壓、膽固醇，減少心血管疾病，也可減少罹患大腸癌、骨質疏鬆、糖尿病、肥胖、\n憂鬱症的機會，增強老年人注意力、執行及規劃能力。\n\n\n最近不少流行病學研究顯示，多運動（尤其是走路）可減少知能的減退或失智症。\n例如美國的護士健康研究（The Nurses' Health Study），追蹤18766位70到81歲的\n護士8到15年，發現每星期至少走1.5小時者比每星期走路少於38分鐘者的知能減退\n明顯為少。另一個夏威夷-亞洲研究（Honolulu-Asia Study）針對2257名71到93歲\n的男性居民追蹤7年，發現每天走路少於0.4公里者得到阿茲海默症的機會比每天走\n3.2公里者多了77%。 \n\n\n\n地中海飲食長壽之道\n\n\n\n科學家早就注意到老鼠食量如果減少30%，壽命也相對延長30%，且對空間記憶與學\n習能力也較強。 \n過去流行病學的調查發現，飲食中含較多的魚或不飽和脂肪酸的低脂肪攝取民眾，\n得到阿茲海默症的機會較低。2006年美國哥倫比亞大學的研究，針對平均年齡77歲\n的2258位社區居民追蹤4年，發現常吃地中海式飲食（多蔬果、豆類、穀類、橄欖油、\n適量魚、酒、少量肉、家禽）者比不吃地中海式飲食者得阿茲海默症的機會少了40%，\n可見清淡飲食的重要性。 \n以上方法是傳統養生之道，只是如今用科學方法加以驗證罷了。\n\n\n所以不論老少，從今天開始就多動腦，養成終身學習的習慣，與朋友保持聯繫，多\n參與休閒活動，每天走路至少40分鐘，只要是10分鐘內的路程就走路、不坐車，飲\n食清淡、多蔬果，如此不僅身體健康，精神愉快，而且得到阿茲海默症的機會也大\n為減少，離「沒有阿茲海默的世界」就不遠了。"],["topImageUrl","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/rwo.gif"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","Tai Chi stops shingles"],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/MOVM.htm"],["summary","Tai Chi Stops Shingles\n\n\n\n常練太極可預防生蛇(帶狀皰疹) \n[譯文]\n\n\n\n\n \n太極拳一向被認為是一種輕柔的老年人健身運動。最近一項研究中指出，它能給予\n中老年人健身和平衡以外的功效。它可能有助於預防帶狀皰疹(俗稱生蛇)，一種50歲\n以上的人常會患上與水痘病毒相關的痛症。\n \n研究發現，經常練習緩慢而優美太極拳的老年人比那些只受過健康教育而沒有練過\n拳的人﹐對這病毒之免疫有更良好反應。\n \n目前還未清楚這古老的中國武術如何影響免疫系統。但通過研究的成果﹐健康專家\n們都感到十分鼓舞。\n \n美國國家老人研究所曾贊助 U.C.L.A. Michael Irwin 博士的研究﹐研究所的Adrew \nMonjan 說﹕“誰都知道人老了要多多保重身體﹐然而我們正見著它可能解答到科學\n的疑問。”\n \n對加州 Sunnyvale 太極學校的創辦人和教練 Howard Chuck 來說，這結果並不足為\n奇。他的學生都不是為防生蛇而來，但學拳人士很踴躍﹐而年長者特別喜愛太極拳\n的以意行拳。他並說﹕“練太極需要集中精神用意念﹐而不是僅僅用體力的。\n \n\n\n\n \n\n\n\n \n\n \n\nmenu"],["topImageUrl","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/movm.jpg"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","Warm Water After Meals"],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/WWAM.htm"],["summary","The Chinese and Japanese drink hot tea with their meals, not cold water, \nmaybe it is time we adopt their drinking habit while eating. \nFor those who like to drink cold water, this article is applicable to you. \nIt is nice to have a cup of cold drink after a meal. However, the cold water \nwill solidify the oily stuff that you have just consumed. It will slow down \nthe digestion. Once this \"sludge\" reacts with the acid, it will break down \nand be absorbed by the intestine faster than the solid food. It will line \nthe intestine. Very soon, this will turn into fats and lead to cancer. It \nis best to drink hot soup or warm water after a meal.\n\n\n\n\n\n\n飯後冷飲會得腸癌\n\n\n\n\n\n不要不相信﹑很多人習慣吃飽飯後就來一瓶冷飲，尤其是一些罐裝茶飲料；號稱可\n以「去油解膩」。喝下去是很爽沒有錯，但你有沒有想過接下來你的肚子裡會發生\n什麼事？\n\n快動動大腦想想吧！你肚子裡的牛排(或是鹹酥雞、滷味都是油膩膩的食物，腸胃要\n消化本來就比較吃力了。現在再倒入一瓶冰水有沒有看過冰箱裡面的豬油牛油啊？\n你能想像把上面那層白白的凝固油吞進肚子裡嗎？噁﹐當你的腸胃裡有一塊塊蠟燭\n般的凝固油，還去什麼油、解什麼膩咧﹖如果只是噁心的話就算了，重點是—會得\n腸癌！ \n\n這些凝固油碰到胃酸會再度溶解成半液狀，然後會比固態食物早一步流進腸道裡。\n於是那稠稠黏黏、油不油水不水的物質就會率先被腸道吸收。但是！腸道並沒有辦\n法完全吸收排除這些詭異的物質；腸璧絨毛會沾滿油脂。就好像冬天要洗牛肉湯的\n鍋子一樣，怎麼洗都還是覺得油膩膩。而且久而久之這種噁 \n心的東西就會附著在腸道壁上—你總不能往腸子裡倒沙拉脫吧？\n\n經過經年累月的堆積和質變，這些東西輕則導致息肉，更有可能的是病變成腸癌！\n 所以趕快改掉這種要命的壞習慣﹐飯後不要馬上灌冷飲，最好是喝點熱湯或溫開水\n就好啦！然後平常沒事多喝優酪乳。優酪乳可以讓腸道裡多點好菌、趕走壞菌，幫\n你的腸子來個大掃除，讓腸道更乾淨～ \n\n再告訴你一件更噁心的事—得了腸癌，要在肚子上裝人工肛門才能大便耶！你不想\n要有這種遭遇吧？快讓你所關心的人知道，別讓他們裝人工肛門啊！"],["topImageUrl","https://www.philcheung.com/Health/rwo.gif"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","Foods To Prevent Alergies"],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/ALGY.htm"],["summary","食物防春季過敏 \n\n\n\n\t\t\t(星島週刊 04/15/2007 第678 期)\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n\n\n\n \n\n\n春天常吃幾種食物，可起到抗過敏的作用。\n\n\n蜂蜜 \n專家提出，每天喝一勺蜂蜜就可以遠離傷風氣喘瘙癢咳嗽等季節性過敏症狀。\n蜂蜜能夠預防過敏的原因有兩個：一是其中含有微量的蜂毒。蜂毒是蜜蜂體內的\n一種有毒液體，但在臨床上被用於支氣管哮喘等過敏性疾病的治療。二是蜂蜜裹\n面含有一定的花粉粒，經常喝會對花粉過敏產生一定的抵抗能力。\n\n\n紅棗 \n日本學者研究發現，紅棗中含有大量抗敏物質環磷酸腺，可阻止過敏反應的發生。\n凡有過敏症狀的患者，可以經常服用紅棗。服用方法為︰\n (1) 紅棗10 枚，水煎服，每日3 次。\n (2) 生食紅棗，每次10克，每日3次。 \n (3) 紅棗10枚，大麥 100 克，加水煎服，日服2-3次。\n以上均服至過敏症狀消失為止。大棗水煎時掰開煎為好，煎熬時不宜加糖。\n\n\n金針菇 \n經常食用金針菇有利於排除重金屬離子和代謝產生的毒素和廢物，能有效地增強機\n體活力。新加坡的研究人員發現，金針菇菌柄中含有一種蛋白，可以抑制哮喘﹑鼻\n炎﹑濕疹等過敏性病症，沒有患病的人也可以通過吃金針菇來加強免疫系統。\n\n\n胡蘿蔔 \n日本專家發現胡蘿卜中的 β-胡蘿蔔素能有效預防花粉過敏症，過敏性皮炎等過\n敏反應。據有關報道，日本專家通過實驗鼠研究發現，β-胡蘿蔔素能調節細胞內\n的平衡，使實驗鼠難出現過敏反應。\n\n\n\n Get Ready for the Allergy Season\n\n\n\n\t\t\t(Translated from Sing Tao Weekly 04/15/2007 No. 678)\n\n\n\n\n\n\nDuring the allergy season in spring, certain food can play an important role in prevention of allergy. \n\n\nHoney \nExperts say, taking a spoonful of honey every day can keep you away from the common cold, asthma, coughing, and seasonal allergies.\nHoney can prevent allergies for two reasons: \nFirst, it contains a small amount of venom. Bee venom is toxic, but has been used in clinical asthma and other allergic diseases. \nSecond, honey contains certain pollens and having honey in your body can build resistance against allergy.\n\n\n \nJujube \nJapanese researchers found that jujube contains a large number of anti-allergic materials which can prevent allergic reactions from occurring.\nPatients who have allergies can always take dates in one of the methods:\n (1) 10 red dates, make tea by boiling them in water, drink 3 times a day.\n (2) eat raw dates, each time 10 grams, 3 times a day.\n (3) 10 red dates, 100 grams of barley, boil them in water, eat them, 2-3 times daily.\n Continue with dosage in any of the above methods until allergy symptoms goes away. It is better off to break the dates apart before boiling them in water. Do not add sugar.\n\n \nFlammulina \nFlammulina, a kind of edible straw mushroom, often helps in getting rid of metal ions, toxins and waste. This can effectively enhance body functions to fight allergies. Singapore researchers found, mushroom straws contain protein that can inhibit asthma, nose itching,\neczema and other allergic inflammatory disease. People with illness can take this kind of mushroom to enhance the immune system.\n \nCarrots \nJapanese experts found that β-carotene in carrots can prevent hay fever, allergic dermatitis and other allergic reaction. \nAccording to the reports, from tests conducted on mice, experts found that β-carotene can keep intracellular activity \nbalance, hence hard for mice to have allergy.\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n\n \n\n\n目錄 \n\n \n\n\n\n\n相關資料﹕\n\n\n鼻敏感效湯"],["topImageUrl","https://www.philcheung.com/Health/rwo.gif"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","The Amazing Bananas (香蕉的神奇)"],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/banana.htm"],["summary","香蕉含有三種天然糖份：蔗糖、果糖和葡萄糖；再加上纖維質。香蕉可即時提升人的\n功能。 \n研究顯示，兩條香蕉，可以提供足夠能量維持 90 分鐘劇烈的運動。難怪很多世界\n知名的運動員都以香蕉為首選生果。但是，香蕉不單隻提供能量。香蕉還可以幫我\n們克服或治療好多病症和身體狀況，使我們必需把香蕉加進每天的餐單。\n\n \n抑鬱症：\n\n最近一項調查發現，患抑鬱症的人，在吃過香蕉後，感覺好好多。因為香蕉含胺基\n酸，會轉化成血清促進素，令人鬆馳、提升情緒。 \n \n貧血：\n\n香蕉鐵質含量高，能刺激血液內的血色素。 \n \n血壓高：\n\n香蕉含極高量的鉀，但鹽份低，最理想是降血壓。最近，美國食品及藥物管理局宣\n佈，允許香蕉業宣傳香蕉能降低血壓高和中風機會。 \n \n腦力：\n\n在英國 Twickenha 就有 200 名學生，為了要提升腦力，幫助考試，在學期開始，\n於早餐、小休和午飯，都吃適量香蕉。研究顯示，含豐富鉀質的香蕉，能提高學生\n的專注力，對他們讀書有所幫助。 \n \n便泌：\n\n香蕉的纖維質很高，可幫助回覆腸胃正常活動，消除便泌，無需服用輕瀉劑。 \n \n宿醉：\n\n香蕉奶色加蜜糖可以即時解酒。香蕉鬆馳胃部，蜜糖提升血糖水平，奶抒緩精神和\n製做炭水化合物。 \n \n心絞痛：\n\n香蕉對身體有一種天然的制酸性，有鎮痛作用。 \n早上無精打彩。早餐後午飯前，吃少量香蕉可保持血糖水平。 \n \n蚊釘蟲咬﹕\n\n用香蕉皮內部輕擦患處，可退腫消炎。 \n \n緊張：\n\n香蕉的維生素 B含量高，可幫助抒緩神經系統。 \n \n超重：\n\n澳地利心理學學校研究發現，工作壓力大，使員工會不斷進食巧力克和薯片去抒緩\n情緒。研究員對 5000名醫院的病人做研究，發體型肥胖的，通常都是司職壓力非常\n大的工作。研究總結認為，要避免引起對抒緩情緒食物的欲念，就應該約每兩小時\n吃一點高炭水化合物的食物，以降低身體內的血糖水平。 \n \n胃潰瘍：\n\n香蕉是調理腸胃失調的食方，因為香蕉有著柔軟的纖維而且柔滑。對於長期患者來\n說，香蕉是唯一可以進食的未煮熟食物，而不會有不良反應。香蕉還可以中和胃酸\n和減少疼痛。 \n \n體溫控制：\n\n在不同國家、地區和文化中，都有把香蕉作為一種「降溫」的果物，可以用作降低\n身、心的熱度。在泰國，孕婦為了使嬰兒出生時有較為涼快的環境，臨盤時就會吃\n香蕉。 \n \n戒菸：\n\n香蕉可以幫助戒菸。香蕉含維生素 B6 和 B12 ，也含鉀和鎂，可以複元戒菸者因為\n沒有了尼古丁刺激的影響。 \n \n壓力：\n\n香蕉所含的鉀，可以調節心跳使之正常化，從而將氧氣順利送到大腦，與及調節身\n體的水份。當受到壓力緊張時，我們的新陳代謝就會加快，因而使鉀的水平一降。\n鉀含量高的香蕉，正好作補充。 \n \n中風：\n\n據著名醫學雜誌 \"The New England Journal of Medicine\" 的研究指出，長期吃香\n蕉，中風死亡的機會率大大降低 40% 。 \n香蕉的確可以治療許多疾病。如果跟蘋果比較，香蕉多四倍蛋白質、多兩倍碳水化\n合物、多三倍磷質、多五倍維生素 A 和鐵質、多兩倍其他維生素和礦物質。香蕉也\n含豐富的鉀，是最有益的食物。所以，應該把那句老句子改為：「一日一香蕉，醫\n生遠離我。」 \n\nPS 猴子經常都情緒高漲和開心，應該是吃得多香蕉的原因。還有，想皮鞋潔亮如新？\n嘗試用香蕉皮的裡面，直接擦到皮鞋，然後用乾布擦淨，效果立見。真神奇的生果！\n \n \n香蕉緩解眼睛干澀避免其過早衰老：\n\n在電腦前工作的人常常會覺得眼睛干澀或紅腫、疼痛，如果每天吃一根香蕉，就能\n起到一定的緩解作用。這是台灣番薯藤健康網站的一篇文章日前告訴讀者的。文章\n中指出，香蕉保護眼睛的功能首先和其中含量豐富的鉀有關。人體攝入鹽份過多，\n會導致細胞中存留大量的水分，引起眼睛紅腫。香蕉中的鉀可以幫助人體排出這些\n多余的鹽分，讓身體達到鉀鈉平衡，緩解眼睛的不適症狀。此外，香蕉中含有大量\n的胡蘿卜素。當人體缺乏這種物質時，眼睛就會變得疼痛、干澀、眼珠無光、失水\n少神，多吃香蕉不僅可減輕這些症狀，還可在一定程度上緩解眼睛疲勞，避免其過\n早衰老 !"],["topImageUrl","https://www.philcheung.com/Health/banana_e.gif"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title",null],["url","http://wwwphilcheung.com/Health/BANATNF.htm"],["summary",null],["topImageUrl",null],["error","NOT_REACHABLE"]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","Crohn's (Inflammatory Bowel) Disease"],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/CDDS.htm"],["summary","慢性腸炎克隆氏病\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n克隆氏病是一種慢性腸炎。它是一種特殊類型的炎症性腸病(IBD)。\n什麼原因導致克隆氏症目前醫學界尚未知。一般認為是免疫\n系統有異常反應令細菌在腸道內“橫行霸道”。\n\n患者經常會出現腹痛、腸腔潰爛，嚴重影響消化系統運作，病人因不能吸收，所以\n極消瘦，甚至營養不良。有些人可能有腹瀉 10至20次。\n有些人無故突然消瘦體重下降。有些人也可能在一段長時間只有輕微症狀或無任何\n症狀。感染，荷爾蒙改變，吸煙，壓力可能會導致你的症狀突發。特別警訊包括身\n體虛弱，脈搏時快時弱，嚴重腹痛，發熱﹐發冷發抖，反覆嘔吐等等。\n\n此病很難醫治，不會斷尾，現時要依靠服食類固醇及抗排斥藥來控制病情，但部分\n人病情反覆，除服藥外，要接受切除腸道外科手術。近年有新藥控制此病，但價錢\n昂貴，一年針藥需約八多萬港元。\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n\n \n \n\n\nCROHN'S DISEASE \nIt is a particular type of IBD or Inflammatory Bowel Disease. \nWhat causes Crohn's disease is unknown. The general believe is the immune \nsystem has an abnormal response to bacteria in the intestine. Other kinds \nof bacteria and viruses may also play a role in causing the disease. The \ndisease can run in families. Your chances of getting it are higher if a close \nfamily member has it. Smoking also puts you at a higher risk for the disease.\n\n\nThe main symptoms of Crohn's disease are belly pain and diarrhea (sometimes \nwith blood). Some people may have diarrhea up to 20 times a day. Losing \nweight without trying is another common symptom. Infections, hormonal changes,\n smoking, and stress can cause the symptoms to flare up. Some may have only \nmild symptoms or go for long periods of time without any symptoms. Warning \nsigns are feeling faint, fast and weak pulse, severe belly pain, fever or \nshaking chills, vomiting repeatly. \nThere is currently no non-surgical cure for Crohn's or colitis. The medications \nused for treatment are extremely costly and pain horrific."],["topImageUrl","https://www.philcheung.com/ccfa.jpg"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","10 Excretion Assistants"],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/EXCR.htm"],["summary","(\nEnglish)\n\n \n\n\n\n\nExcellent Toxin Removal Food\n\n\n\n\n\t\t\t(錄自星島週刊)\n\n\n \n\n\n\n現代社會毒素無所不在，因此 “排毒” 是十分重要的自我保健法，但健康排毒卻\n\n不是每個人都有的觀念。了解體內毒素的來源及其對身體的傷害，才能用適當的方\n\n法，飲食或藥物來排毒，若使用不當，不僅無法排毒，更可能導致另一種毒害。使\n\n用各種排毒法之前，應詢問醫師的意見，以免誘使其他併發症產生。在眾多食物中\n\n Vita 雜誌特別邀請中醫師，生機專家與營養師等，挑選最適合東方人的十大排毒\n\n食物。許多人都會這麼想; “ 不生病就是健康 “﹐ 然而﹐ 就是這樣錯誤的健康\n\n念，\n往往讓人在不知不覺中讓健康的身體被啃蝕掉。而造成不健康的最大主因，\n就是不正確的飲食觀念及生活習慣。其實，現代人身處在強大競爭壓力的生活中為\n\n了尋求平衡，讓口腹之慾不斷擴大，在長期接觸各式高脂肪﹐高膽固醇﹑高鈉﹑ 低\n\n纖維﹑低碳水化合物, 化學添加物之後, 使人們的免疫系統功能開始失調或衰退,進\n\n而罹患各種慢性病或導致疾病人侵。而發達的醫學科技, 只讓我們不斷地陷於藥劑\n\n使用, 卻忽略了根本的錯誤飲食習慣, 不良生活習慣問題。而健康排毒食物, 就是\n\n吃進去對身體有用的養分, 排除對身體有負擔, 有傷害的物質, 讓身體保持健康的\n\n飲食方法。試想現代多種食物都混有農藥等, 身體每時每刻接觸的毒素舉不勝舉, \n\n它們積累在體內, 堵塞內臟, 篩檢程式和動脈, 導致可能的嚴重疾病, 而且對肥胖\n\n症起到火上加油的作用, 一旦毒素從體內排除了, 脂肪也就自然會排出體外。大體\n\n上許多食物都有排毒效果, 烹飪方式也會影響排毒。身體排毒的方法有許多, 但用\n\n高纖低油低脂低糖低鹽的方式, 以最普及化的地瓜, 糙米, 生鮮蔬果做排毒素食材\n\n, 不但安全, 經濟易實行, 接受度高, 且改變體質效果顯著。以下是十種隨手可得\n\n的排毒好食物。 \n\n\n1. 海藻\n\n含豐富的海藻多醣體,鹼性度最高, 能中和胃酸,並有促進體內排毒,預防脂肪堆積,幫\n\n\n助代謝功能。海帶富含藻膠酸﹑甘露醇﹑ 蛋白質﹑脂肪﹑糖類﹑ 粗纖維﹑ 胡蘿蔔\n\n素﹑\n維生素B1﹑維生素B2﹑維生素C﹑尼克酸﹑碘﹑鈣﹑磷﹑鐵等多種成分。尤其是含豐\n\n\n富的碘,對人體十分有益﹑可治療甲狀腺腫大和碘缺乏而引起的病症。它所含的蛋白\n\n\n質中, 包括 8 種氨基酸。海帶的碘化物被人體吸收後﹐ 能加速病變和炎症滲出物\n\n的排\n除。並有降血壓﹐防止動脈硬化的作用。\n\n\n\n2. 洋蔥\n洋蔥能促進腸胃蠕動, 加強消化能力, 且含有豐富的硫和蛋白質結合的情形最好, \n對肝臟特別有益, 因此有助於排毒。洋蔥性溫又可以發汗散寒, 排水腫, 含硫化合\n物, 能夠排出體內農藥等不良物質。推薦吃法: 加在各式三明治中﹔也可以切粒加\n在湯品中。也可以煮一鍋以洋蔥為主的蔬菜湯, 加入綠花椰菜, 胡蘿蔔, 芹菜等多\n種高纖蔬果, 能分解體內累積的毒素, 有助排便。 \n\n\n\n3. 綠豆\n是中醫常用來接觸多種食物或藥物毒素的一味中藥﹐常食綠豆能幫助排除體內毒素﹐\n\n促\n進肌體的正常代謝。綠豆湯是排毒養顏的佳品﹐在綠豆湯中調入蜂蜜飲用﹐排毒養\n\n顏效\n果更好。不少人會經常食用綠豆芽, 只因它經濟實惠。但很少人知道綠豆芽還具有\n\n較高的藥用價值。推薦吃法﹕ 煮成薏仁綠豆湯﹐ 退火又好喝﹔綠豆煮爛與豆漿或\n\n牛奶打成汁飲用。\n\n\n\n4. 地瓜\n拜健康風潮之賜, 地瓜的行情也愈炒高, 一年比一年貴,今年更出現了黃﹑ 紅﹑紫 \n三色地瓜以及口感更細更香的栗子地瓜。地瓜所含的纖維質鬆軟易消化, 可促進腸\n 胃蠕動, 有助排便。地瓜含有幫助消化的纖維質, 也是一種鹼性食品,含高纖維素\n,除可以滑腸通便外, 還可中和人體內所累積過多的酸, 如吃太多的肉類蛋,或疲勞\n引起的酸。此外地瓜中的膠原及粘液多醣類物質, 可以預防動脈血管硬化與保持血\n管彈性, 加強多餘膽固醇的排泄作用, 是一種好吃又有用的蔬菜。推薦吃法:最棒\n的吃法是烤地瓜, 而且連皮一起烤, 一起吃掉, 味道爽口甜美。一般來說, 吃地瓜\n當然也必須配合自然律例作息, 能夠在上午6 點半以前排便, 就能讓小腸吸收地瓜\n90% 以上的功效。尤其是癌症或是重症患者想要靠地瓜袪病, 一定要砥礪自己在上\n午6 點半以前吃完地瓜, 7 點以前排便。一般人若是無法在上午6 點半以前吃完, \n也應該要在中午12 點以前吃完。因為下午以後身體的新陳代謝變差, 地瓜的醣容\n易累積, 因此中午12 點以後就不應該再吃地瓜了。 \n\n\n\n5. 花椰菜\n屬十字花科,具抗氧化功效己有醫學證明可以抵抗癌症此外也有清熱利尿預防水腫並\n\n提昇免疫系統。花椰菜有綠色和白色兩種, 含有豐富的 β 胡蘿蔔素, \n\n維生素B1及C 。還含有豐富的鈣﹑硫﹑鉀和少量的硒(Se)這種物質具有抗癌的功效\n\n,並且可以預防心臟疾病和關節炎等症狀), 另外, 花椰菜中也含有一種物質稱為lndol-3 \n\ncarbonal, 可以增女性雌激素的分泌, 防止乳癌, 所以多吃椰菜有益身體健康。推\n\n薦吃法: 可與海鮮食材搭配食用。直接用水燙過實用, 簡單灑上鹽巴, 味道鮮美也\n\n最營養。\n\n\n6. 南瓜\n清代名醫陳修園說: 南瓜為補血之妙品。(本草網目) 稱南瓜有補中(脾胃)益氣之效。\n\n(醫藥篆要)也指南瓜有益氣救肺之效。其實南瓜之所以受到這麼高的評價, 是因為\n\n它是一種極富有營養的健康食品。秋天氣候乾燥, 增加含有豐富維生素A﹑E 的食品\n\n, 可增強機體免疫力, 對改普秋燥症狀大有裨益。而南瓜剛好就含有豐富的維生素\n\nE。\n最後南瓜所含的豐富果膠,可“吸附”細菌和有毒物質, 包重金屬, 鉛等, 起到排毒\n\n作用。同時, 果膠可保護胃部受剌激, 減少潰瘍。建議吃法:可用南瓜煮粥或湯, 滋\n\n養腸胃。\n\n\n7. 菇類\n\n菇類含有豐富的粘多醣體,蛋白質和水分, 纖維質,礦物質等,具有抗癌,排毒,健康的\n\n功效,不但營養價值高,而且具有高纖, 低熱量的特性,所以是減肥時期的減肥聖品, \n\n多吃菇類可以讓你有飽足感, 也不會發胖。而菇除了在健康上的許多好處是大家都\n\n耳熟能詳的之外, 因為菇類含有核甘酸, 滋味鮮美又香甜, 在烹煮上更是相當方便\n\n,容易。建議吃法:在濃濃的雞湯中煮蘑菇吃, 味道鮮美, 也可以煮成菇類煲飯, 好\n\n吃又有飽足感。\n\n\n8. 芽菜\n芽菜其實就是各種作物的幼苗,它含有極高的營養,它的蛋白質含量超過各種肉類,1 \n\n公克的芽菜蛋白約等於4 公克的肉類蛋白。芽菜不僅含有粗蛋白和銨基酸,也含有維\n\n他命及鈣,鉀,鐵等礦物質,尤其維他命C 的含量更多加上含少量的脂肪﹑澱粉﹑糖分﹑\n\n對於預防便秘﹑貧血﹑減肥等,有非常良好的效果, 是非常理想的自然健康食品。有\n\n豐富的活性酵素, 排毒效果佳,並幫助排便,且具蓬鬆又沒有蔬菜的苦澀味, 容易有\n\n飽足感。推薦吃法: 苜蓿芽搭配各種芽菜, 淋上無糖優格, 與有機梅子醬或是蜂蜜\n\n等, 拌成沙拉, 在飯前空腹吃, 具有減肥與排毒效果。\n\n\n9. 香菜\n\n香菜營養豐富,香菜內含維生素C, 胡蘿蔔素﹑維生素B1﹑B2 等,同時還含有豐富的\n\n礦物質, 如鈣,鐵,磷,鎂等, 香菜內還含有揮發油, 蘋果酸鉀等。香菜中含的維生素\n\nC 的量比普通蔬菜高得多, 一般人食用7-10克香菜葉就能滿足人體對維生素C 的需\n\n求量; 香菜中所含的胡蘿蔔素要比西紅柿﹑ 菜豆﹑黃瓜等高出10 倍多。建議吃法\n\n; 三餐中都加大量的香菜, 早餐可把香菜和蘋果,葡萄乾,堅果類等打成汁喝;中午再\n\n把香菜加入蘸料中配著主食吃;晚餐可以香菜炒蛋﹑南瓜, 或直接拌飯吃。\n\n\n10. 蘋果\n\n蘋果含有豐富的維他命B1﹑B﹑C 及胡蘿蔔素﹑ 維他命B5; 此外還含有糖類﹑脂肪﹑\n\n蛋白質﹑果膠﹑鈣﹑鉀﹑鐵﹑鋅﹑纖維素﹑蘋果酸﹑鞣酸等。而蘋果皮有的車菊素\n\n有止嚦嘔功效。可惜現在許多蘋果外皮有石蠟和農藥殘留, 不宜吃食。另外, 蘋果\n\n富含鋅元素, 鋅就是構成與記憶有密切關係的核酸和蛋白質不可或缺的元素。一旦\n\n缺鋅, 大腦皮層邊沿海馬區即發育不, 影響記憶力。是以多吃蘋果有提高智能的功\n\n效。建議吃法;宿便有害健康, 多吃蘋果可以幫助排除宿便。最後介紹一款綜合的宿\n\n便排毒餐, 不但減瘦, 連痛風, 高血脂和花粉過敏等毛病也不見了, 週末腸道大掃\n\n除, 優酪乳﹑ 地瓜﹑ 蘋果是最方便的排宿便食物。排毒餐的吃也很簡單, 完全不\n\n需要節食, 可以正常飲食, 只是把週五與週六晚上的晚餐, 用優酪乳配地瓜或蘋果\n\n的排毒餐取化, 即可達到週日上午痛快排除宿便的目標。\n\n \n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n\n \n\n\n目錄"],["topImageUrl","https://www.philcheung.com/Health/10EXH.jpg"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","Intestines Health"],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/INTEST_1.htm"],["summary","(\nEnglish)\n \n\n\n\n\n\n簡易運動篇\n\n\n \n\n\n\n\n\n腸命七大秘訣\n \n\n\n\n腸道照顧好﹐ 百病不來找！ \n\n\n\n\n(資料來源﹕[腸保健康 I'v gut health] email circuration)\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n多攝取乳酸菌好處多多。 \n\n\n\n近幾年來，隨著生活水準的提昇，醫學上卻發現以下事實： \n\n\n\n1. 國人腸道健康普遍惡化，腸癌死亡率高居第三位，發生年齡逐年下降。\n2. 在我國有16.6%死亡率、14.4 %醫院就診率，及15.4 %健保給付皆與腸道疾病有\n關。〈 2003年統計〉\n3. 癌症、心臟病、高血壓、動脈硬化、糖尿病、老年痴呆等成人慢性疾病，皆與腸\n道健康密切相關。\n4. 老化由腸道開始，年輕族群腸道老化的弊害，將在中年以後顯現。\n5. 先進國家對腸道健康問題的重視～英國自1999 年即推動『腸道週』活動；\n美加則自2000 年發起『國家腸癌認知月』活動。 \n\n腸道健康是可以靠自己的積極--- 主動而提昇。 \n積極宣導腸道健康意識，相信所投入的努力，可以有效的幫助許多人，預防腸癌及\n多種成人疾病。 \n\n\n\n\n\n\n腸道健康的飲食要訣!\n\n\n\n一、多喝水\n\n\n每天至少要喝 1.6~1.8公升的水，大概是八杯水。不要到口渴了才喝水，你的大腦\n感到口渴時，其實血液濃度已經太高，血流不順了，運送氧氣及營養素效率降低了，\n已經會影響全身細胞機能了，最好是定時喝水。 \n\n\n\n二、多攝取乳酸菌\n\n\n正確攝取乳酸菌要注意以下重點\n\n\n1.\n天天攝取： \n\n因為再好的乳酸菌也無法在腸道中久駐；所以，要天天補充，每天至少補充幾十億\n的優質乳酸菌。\n\n2.\n餐後攝取： \n\n因為用餐後，胃部的酸度較低，乳酸菌比較能夠活著通過胃部，到達腸道。 \n3. 慎選產品： \n 要選菌種標示清楚，有衛生署健康食品認證，有研究團隊的產品。4. 注意保存條件：\n\n 乳酸菌不耐熱，不耐氧氣。醱酵乳必須保存在低溫，開瓶後，盡快喝完，不要開\n了一大瓶，放在桌上，由早喝到晚；保健產品也要注意保存溫度，不要長期放在高\n溫環境 (如車子內)。 \n\n\n\n三、多攝取纖維質 \n \n \n每天至少要攝取30公克以上的食物纖維！ \n \n\n正確攝取食物纖維要注意以下重點： \n\n1、用心從三餐中攝取\n2、善用高纖保健產品\n3、水溶性及非水溶性纖維功效不同，兩者都要攝取。 \n\n\n\n\n\n \n\n\n \n\n\n\n \n\n \n\nmenu"],["topImageUrl","https://www.philcheung.com/Health/guts_dd.gif"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","Intestines Health"],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/INTEST_2.htm"],["summary","每天起床後、睡覺前，利用10-15分鐘進行簡易的運動，可促進腹部運動，增強腸胃\n健康。\n提醒您，起床後，先空腹喝一杯溫開水，再做運動。 \n\n一、伸展運動\n\n這是個很簡單的運動，可利用工作或家事空檔進行。\n\n1. 雙腳分開站直，全身放輕鬆。 \n2.一邊吸氣一邊將手抬高（手指交叉，手心朝外），伸直背脊，頭抬高，手臂貼緊\n耳朵，用力往上伸展。\n3. 一邊呼氣，一邊將手放下並屈膝下彎，抱住雙腳。\n4. 此動作反覆進行3-5次。 \n\n\n\n二、提臀搖擺\n\n\n1. 仰臥，雙手繞於後頸部交叉。雙腳以立膝彎曲。 \n2. 深深地吸一口氣，抬高腹部，腳跟不離地，意識集中於丹田，閉氣。\n3. 有力地吐氣，保持丹田力，將意識轉移集中於骨盆，腰部移至右(左)方，在右(左\n )側做腰部上下運動。此時，雙肘及肩膀不離地，換左邊做同樣動作。 \n\n\n\n三、仰臥屈膝扭腰 \n\n\n1. 仰臥，雙手繞於後頸交叉，雙腳合併以立膝彎曲。 \n2. 一邊吸氣，一邊將腰背用力挺出，扭腰並將雙腳向左倒放地面，頭轉向右方。\u0014\n3. 呼氣回復。\n4. 重複動作，換邊做。 \n\n\n\n四、臥式提腿\n\n\n1. 仰臥，伸展腳跟腱雙手抱緊右腳使右膝靠攏胸部。深吸一口氣。 \n2. 吐氣用力緊抱右膝起身，此時左腳需充分伸展腳跟腱與腳後肌。\n3. 換腳緊抱左腳如上要領，做同樣動作。\n\n\n\n五、坐式踩腳踏車\n\n\n1. 坐在地板上，雙腳併攏彎曲，兩手放在身體後方稍遠處。 \n2. 身體稍微向後倒，以雙手支撐住身體，同時，雙腳分別抬起伸直，雙腳無法完全\n伸直也無妨。\n3. 保持背部筆直。 \n4. 左右腳交替，各施行10次。 \n\n\n\n六、彎曲、扭動上半身\n\n\n1. 雙手置於腰間，兩腳張開與肩同寬。 \n2. 挺起胸膛，讓上半身向後仰，此時，指尖用力，對腰間用力指壓。\n3. 回到原本的姿勢，上半身慢慢向左右扭動，各施行2-3次。 \n\n\n\n\n七、立式腰身大迴轉\n\n\n1. 大開雙腳，雙手手指交叉反掌上舉，深深吸一口氣，下顎頂上後仰。 \n2. 邊吐氣儘量前彎，抬頭保持腰背直挺，從腰部彎曲，膝要保持筆直，雙手伸直，\n腰部向右上大迴轉，同時吸氣。\n3. 上身轉到正中時，手再伸，顎再上頂，儘量後仰。\n4. 邊繼續吐氣從上而左下，迴轉到原位。\n5. 註：動作時集中意志在骨盆上。 \n\n\n\n\n八、鍛鍊腹肌 \n\n\n1. 在路上步行時，背部伸直，快步行走，隨時警覺到要提起腹肌。 \n2. 等公車時，兩腿稍微張開，膝蓋微微彎曲。角度約為90度。\n3. 坐公車時，一邊抓住吊環，臀部肌肉用力夾緊，感覺像肛門用力緊縮。\n\n\n\n\n\n九、跪式扭腰擺臀\n\n\n1. 雙手掌向前以肩寬著地，雙膝併攏著地，伸展腳跟腱，抬起小腿，目視前方吸氣。\n \n2. 邊吐氣，向右扭腰並放下小腿，同時頭也向右轉，越過肩背看腳跟。（手臂伸直），\n吐盡氣後在吸氣回到原來位置。\n3. 同樣也向左扭倒，重複數次。\n\n\n\n\n\n十、屈膝扭腰 \n\n\n1. 張開雙腳保持上身直立，彎膝成中腰姿勢，雙手置於雙膝上。 \n2. 邊用力吐氣邊把左膝拉下到右腳跟附近地上，同時把同轉向左側方，眼看後方。\n\n3. 換腳做同樣動作。"],["topImageUrl","https://www.philcheung.com/Health/guts_02.gif"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","Advice for Living Long"],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/LLTA.htm"],["summary",""],["topImageUrl","https://www.philcheung.com/Health/LL10A.jpg"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","SWEAT 排汗和排尿的差別"],["url","http://www.philcheung.com/Health/SWET.htm"],["summary","【您知道排汗市場如此龐大？】\n \n\n能量之國韓國的排汗市場一年約新台幣 6000 億，您知道為什麼一年有幾億人次的\n韓國國民到黃土能量房去排汗嗎？在沒有任何廣告宣傳的情況下，短短 15 年內形\n成了如此龐大的市場全靠體驗後的口碑相傳。因為體驗過後發現能量排汗無論對慢\n性病患的病症、促進血液循環或皮膚美容，以及維持苗條的健康身材上皆具有驚人\n的功效。\n\n\n\n【出汗能夠排泄體內有害物質】\n\n\n對身體而言，為何出汗特別重要呢？排泄體內不需要物質的基本功能，就是排便、\n排尿與出汗。其中，汗具有排泄體內疲勞物質或對人體有害的重金屬、毒素的重要\n作用。雖然尿也會排出重金屬，但是排出功能卻遠不及汗。亦即藉由出汗，能夠排\n出大量的重金屬。汗也具有調節體溫的重要作用。\n\n全身健康的出汗，就能夠強化現代最欠缺的體溫調節功能與自律神經。汗從體表氣\n化，令人得到爽快感，對精神也有很大的幫助。 \n\n\n藉著氣化熱消耗熱量，能夠提升代謝力，減少體脂肪，有助於消除肥胖。對身體而\n言具有重要作用的汗，不會對身體造成負擔，全身出汗，就能夠強化自律神經，提\n升代謝力，排出老舊廢物與毒素，對於美容與健康都有幫助。 \n\n汗與尿中的重金屬元素量〈 100 克中〉\n \n\n鉛〈μg 〉汗 84 vs 尿 4.9 \n鎘〈μg 〉汗 6.5 vs 尿 0.65 \n鈷〈μg 〉汗 1.2 vs 尿 0.6 \n鎳〈μg 〉汗 32 vs 尿 3.1 \n銅〈 mg 〉汗 0.11 vs 尿 0.01 \n\n\n\n〈註〉假設 1 天出汗量為 2 公升\n\n資料來源：醫學博士石井宏子、松原英多合著『遠紅外線三溫暖的秘密』〈安立出\n版社)\n\n***\n\n有報導指出，由於長期暴露於太陽，馬拉松選手容易發生皮膚\n癌。"],["topImageUrl","https://www.philcheung.com/Health/rwo.gif"],["error",null]]}]}],["text","(*)\n感謝有心人士用心整理以下81條。這不知得花去多少時間和心血，真的很精彩。我們能得以分享是一種福氣！感謝他、學會感謝和感恩是做人的第一步。\n(此篇可繼續分享傳給您的朋友與群組)。\n1)\n洋蔥浸紅酒：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/RWO.htm\n2)\n自己CPR的方法： \nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/HAS.htm\n3)\n心臟病發､中風前兆：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/HSS.htm\n4)\n中風辨認常識：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/STR.htm\n5)\n聖心減肥良方：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/SHM.htm\n6）\n十大營養食品：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/10N.htm\n7)\n治口臭食療方：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/BBS.htm\n8)\n豬腳薑醋製法：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/GV.htm\n9)\n清心養血之良食：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/HBDD.htm\n10)\n珩記祖傳祕方鹹檸檬：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/SHSL.htm\n11)\n鼻敏感效湯：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/hayfever.htm\n12)\n果菜療能一覽表：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/h.htm\n13)\n療能食物對照表：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/WGFX.htm\n14)\n肉桂之天然食療：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/CINN1.htm\n15)\n小紅苺防尿道膀胱炎：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/CRAN.htm\n16)\n吹風機的妙用：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/HDRY.htm\n17)\n蜂蜜加肉桂粉的神奇：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/CINH.htm\n18)\n沒事多喝檸檬水：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/LMNA.htm\n19)\n人過中年不悲哀：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/AMAH.htm\n20）\n醫生之食療介紹：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/Food_files/frame.htm\n21)\n心肌梗塞急救法：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/HAET.htm\n22)\n枸杞消除疲勞：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/WOLF.htm\n23)\n紅棗保肝補氣：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/JUJU.htm\n24)\n遠離糖尿病不難：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/DIAB.htm\n25)\n健康身心之最佳時間：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/TIME.htm\n26)\n世衛評選的最佳食品：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/JUNF.htm\n27)\n十大垃圾食物：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/JUNK.htm\n28)\n蒜頭蒸飯, 老薑蜜糖：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/GARC.htm\n29)\n沒有阿茲海默的世界：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/ALZH.htm\n30)\n練太極可抗疫：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/MOVM.htm\n31)\n飯後熱飲：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/WWAM.htm\n32)\n食物防春季過敏：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/ALGY.htm\n33)\n香蕉的神奇：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/banana.htm\n(a)熟香蕉抗癌：http://wwwphilcheung.com/Health/BANATNF.htm\n34)\n慢性腸炎克隆氏病：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/CDDS.htm\n35)\n十大助排毒之食品：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/EXCR.htm\n36)\n腸道照顧好, 百病不來找：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/INTEST_1.htm\n37)\n腸道簡易運動：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/INTEST_2.htm\n38)\n延年益壽十則：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/LLTA.htm\n39)\n排汗和排尿的差別：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/SWET.htm\n40)\n補健清湯(排毒通血)：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/SASP.htm%3E\n41)\n謄固醇的常識：\nhttp://www.americanheart.org/presenter.jhtml?identifier=4500\nhttp://www.hsph.harvard.edu/nutritionsource/fats.html\n降謄固醇療方二例：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/CLTS.htm\n42)\n林燕妮治老花妙方：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/ESEJ.\n43)\n治失眠良方：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/SLPL.htm\n44)\n五大防癌水果：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/FFCR.htm\n45)\n慎食非季節性水果：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/OSFR.htm\n46)\n清洗蔬果勿用鹽：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/WFRS.htm\n47)\n少林十巧手：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/SLSK.htm\n48)\n食療歌：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/MDFD.htm\n49)\n羅漢果的食療功效：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/GMFR.htm\n50)\n游離基是什麼？\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/FRRL.htm\n51)\n金雞獨立養生法：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/SO1L.htm\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/SO1L_e.htm\n52)\n氣功按摩十八法：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/QG18.htm\n53)\n多吃疏果能防癌嗎？\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/FVEC.htm\n54)\n中風急救黃金一小時：\nhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w5QNywbbQvE\n55)\n簡易膝蓋保健：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/KNEE.htm\n56)\n十四個徵兆預示長壽：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/14PL.htm\n57)\n心血管淤塞救命良方：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/BVCG.htm\n58)\n肝炎養生保健之道：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/HPTS.htm\n59)\n抗新流感漢方蔬果汁：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/FLUJ.htm\n60)\n馬鈴薯鮮汁療法：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/POTJ.htm\n61)\n打嗝放屁去濁氣：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/\n62)\n避免洗腎的秘方：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/KDRR.htm\n63)\n日用品治療用途：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/HHRM.htm\n64)\n烤蕃薯具強藥效：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/YAMB.htm\n65)\n平穩降血脂食物：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/8LLF.htm\n66)\n專家推薦長壽食品：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/10LF.htm\n67)\n夏天運動提防中暑：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/HSTK.htm\n68)\n食物之糖份含量：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/SGCT.htm\n69)\n白蘿蔔食療功效：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/RDSH.htm\n70)\n3低1高的健康飲食：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/3L1H.htm\n71)\n使癌細胞多休眠：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/PCCS.htm\n72)\n人生哲學50課：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/90LP.htm\n73)\n老中醫點評水果：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/CMVF.htm\n74)\n有助減肥的良食：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/8FEF.htm\n75)\n睡覺的訣竅：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/KSLP.htm\n76)\n有損大腦的陋習：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/BRDH.htm\n77)\n損肝的主要原因： \nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/LVDH.htm\n78)\n五大致癌的食物：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/5CCF.htm\n79)\n薑的好處多得很：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/GING.htm\n80)\n楊桃可毒害腎病人：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/STRF_e.htm\n81)\n五樣好東西：\nhttp://www.philcheung.com/Health/5KGT.htm"],["id","5478605343332-rumor"],["createdAt","2017-01-09T16:01:00.000Z"]]}],["reply",{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["id","AV28XBGyyCdS-nWhud1L"],["user",{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["id","AVriAlOoyrDaTqlmmqhC"],["name","Lin"],["avatarUrl",null],["level",22]]}],["type","RUMOR"],["text","養生方法僅供參考，並沒有醫學上的科學根據。\n史丹福大學研究革新中心主任教授約翰．尤安尼迪斯（John Ioannidis）指出多數的醫學研究可信度仍待考驗，容易誤導社會，建議民眾要多方查證。\n許多醫學研究缺乏驗證，尤安尼迪斯的研究團隊將同樣數據，以另一種統計方法分析，竟得出完全相反的結論。\n他強調，「對任何醫學研究都應小心解讀。」"],["reference","\nhttps://health.udn.com/health/story/5999/1201482\n醫學研究缺驗證美學者：8成被誇大\nhttp://news.tvbs.com.tw/ttalk/blog_author_detail/4877\n8成是假的！別盲目相信網路上的養生資訊！"],["hyperlinks",{"__iterable":"List","data":[{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title",""],["url","https://health.udn.com/health/story/5999/1201482"],["summary","「了解醫藥、保健、減肥瘦身、美容養生等健康議題；查詢各式疾病：高血壓、心臟病、憂鬱症、焦慮症、思覺失調、亞斯伯格症、神經衰弱、過敏、五十肩、糖尿病、感冒、過敏、失智症等等。」"],["topImageUrl","https://p.udn.com.tw/upf/2016_health/default.jpg"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","8成是假的！別盲目相信網路上的養生資訊！│十年流浪"],["url","http://news.tvbs.com.tw/ttalk/blog_author_detail/4877"],["summary","作者十年流浪\n \n \n 2016/10/12 08:10\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n ▲圖片來源／Googoe提供 \n \n \n \n \n \n 我想每個人都應該有差不多的經驗，不管是你的LINE群組，你的FACEBOOK，多多少少都會有朋友分享打著科學研究報告或醫生證實等專業旗幟的各種的養生資訊。對於這種資訊，以前我是每則必讀並會在各種社交場合和其它人分享，這個多吃點，可以防癌，這個少吃點，對身體不好，順便刷刷我多聞強記的優越感。直到有一次，我看到了一則資訊和我以前讀過的不同。\n\n之前有研究報導指出隔夜菜會致癌，其論證原因是菜放隔夜會產生亞硝酸鹽，而亞硝酸鹽本身是致癌物。然而，我後來看到的報導又指出，根本沒有足夠的證據支持這個論證。第一，不只是蔬菜，你想的到的，能放進嘴巴的食物都含有亞硝酸鹽，括肉類、水果，甚至你喝的水。第二，這些食物所釋出的劑量非常小，人體機能本身能夠自行代謝，只有到達一定劑量才會使人體中毒。\n\n最後，也是最重要的，亞硝酸鹽本身不是致癌物，但亞硝酸鹽遇到胺類才會轉換為亞硝胺，後者才是致癌物。\n\n所以，吃隔夜菜最大的風險不是致癌，而是因保存不當使得細茵超出人體能負荷的範圍，也就是，就是會吃壞肚子。\n\n自此，我開始產生疑惑了，到底我該相信什麼？我以前所知道的資訊的可信度到底有多高？新的研究報告的可靠度又有多高呢？這疑惑一直存在並困擾著我，直到我看到了另一則報導，部份內容如下。\n\n史丹福大學的John Ioannidis 教授表示，目前發表的醫學研究中，有8成常見的非隨機研究，其結果都是錯誤的。他舉例，像是維他命E可降低心血管疾病死亡風險、類黃酮會降低80%的心血管死亡風險，低卡飲食會明顯降低癌症、心臟病、中風、乳癌風險，多吃水果可降低9成罹患乳癌機會等，「研究結果被誇大或過度概括（over generalizing）」 \n\n許多醫學研究缺乏驗證，John Ioannidis教授的研究團隊將同樣數據，以另一種統計方法分析，竟得出完全相反的結論。\n\n引述自：醫學研究欠驗證美學者：八成被誇大\n\nJohn Ioannidis教授在2005年發表的於一份論文『為何大部份發表的研究都是錯誤的』指出，他收集了1990~2003年國際上被引述一千次以上的權威醫學臨床論文共49篇並進行研究，其結果表明，只有二十篇論文被證實可靠，其餘的二十九篇，不是被證明無效，就是效果被誇大。最瞎的是，其中有幾篇論文的作者只有立論，連最基本的驗證都沒做。\n\n順道說明下，如今的意見領袖在FACEBOOK上發個直播或隨口說句中午吃什麼都可以按讚輕鬆破萬的情況下，這類論文被引用1000次是什麼概念？我上谷歌學術搜索上查了一下，截至2016年9月為止，這類學術被引用的次數大多都過不了一千次，John Ioannidis教授2005年的那篇這麼有話題性的論文被引用的次數是3千多次。因此，被引用1000次的論文代表著的是學界的共識。\n\n因此，如果連所謂權威專業論據的可靠度都不高，對於媒體報導和其它不知來源在自己社群上得到分享的養生資訊，我們又怎麼分辨其內容的可靠度呢？我自己的建議是以下二點，給大家參考下。\n\n第一種方法，因為我們不是專業，即使找到論文出及處論據的支持，我們也沒能力證偽，所以也就只能選擇相信。這就如同藥品在解盲測試階段為什麼要進行盲態測試？因為安慰劑在心理暗示下也會發揮一定效果。\n\n第二種，也是我目前採取的態度，保持中庸，不相信也不懷疑。不管我吃的致不致癌，不管對身體有沒有幫助，反正我什麼都吃，什麼都喝，但絕對謹記適可而止，絕對不會過猶不及。人生就是要體驗自己喜歡的事物，不必為了無法證實的資訊而去糾結，犧牲部份享受。\n\n>>來信投稿vanchang@tvbs.com.tw、閱讀好文都在【T談談】粉絲專頁！\n\n\n\n●本文為作者評論意見並授權刊登，不代表TVBS立場\n\n●投稿、推薦作者、討論文章，歡迎寄至vanchang@tvbs.com.tw或上 T談談\n\t\t\n \n \n 更新時間：2016/10/12 08:15\n \n 本文為作者評論意見並授權刊登，不代表TVBS立場。 \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n dfp_lib->show_da(\"v4_news_desktop_ttalk_read_970x90_2\"); */?>\n \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n 名叫十年流浪，但己流浪了半輩。立志做個有人性的自由人。在這通用知識資訊泛濫且取得成本趨近於零的時代，希望能整合自產或他產的觀點分享給大家。"],["topImageUrl","https://cc.tvbs.com.tw/img/upload/2016/10/12/20161012081439-e1d46ebb.jpg"],["error",null]]}]}],["createdAt","2017-08-07T11:02:16.757Z"]]}]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["article",{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["replyCount",2],["references",{"__iterable":"List","data":[{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["type","LINE"]]}]}],["replyRequestCount",4],["user",{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["id","j4S8C_SGPqU25kWT9dgB7Sm3Cz8tQbcAia5BFcJwmHqtWpshs"],["name","富創造力的鼓山愛爾莎"],["avatarUrl",null],["level",0]]}],["hyperlinks",{"__iterable":"List","data":[{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","Taiwan’s Military Is a Hollow Shell"],["url","https://foreignpolicy.com/2020/02/15/china-threat-invasion-conscription-taiwans-military-is-a-hollow-shell/"],["summary","As threats of military aggression from China grow, the island nation of Taiwan needs a credible military deterrent more than ever. But Taiwan’s military is in a crisis it can barely admit exists.\nEven as the military refits itself with flashy U.S. arms purchases, such as M1 Abrams tanks and F-16V fighter jets, its front-line units are hollowed out, and the entire reserve system is so dysfunctional that few experts or serving military personnel believe it can make a real military contribution in the event of a war. These problems are well documented but continue to be downplayed, if not outright ignored, by Taiwan’s political leadership—and there is no clear plan to solve the crisis.\n\n \n Trending Articles\n \n \n \n \n \n Coronavirus Conspiracies Give Boost to Canada’s Far-Right\n Anti-Chinese sentiment and a public health backlash have vaulted Hong Kong-born Chief Public Health Officer Theresa…\n\n \n \n\n \n \n \nOn paper, Taiwan’s Ministry of National Defense (MND) has 215,000 budgeted positions among all branches, of which 188,000 are soldiers and the rest civilian employees. Only 153,000 of those positions were filled in 2018—just 81 percent of the personnel the military should have. But even that number doesn’t tell the complete story.Only 153,000 of those positions were filled in 2018—just 81 percent of the personnel the military should have. But even that number doesn’t tell the complete story.Only 153,000 of those positions were filled in 2018—just 81 percent of the personnel the military should have. But even that number doesn’t tell the complete story.\nAccording to a Taiwanese army lieutenant colonel in active service, who asked for only his last name, Lin, to be used, all the army’s front-line combat units he knows of—including armor, mechanized infantry, and artillery troops—currently have effective manpower levels of between 60 and 80 percent. This figure is consistent with Taiwanese media reports, which cite MND figures provided to Taiwan’s parliament, the Legislative Yuan, acknowledging that few front-line units have more than 80 percent of their positions filled.\n“That number might not seem so bad until you realize it means at least a third of your tanks are useless in a war because there’s no one to man them,” said Lin, who most recently served as a battalion commander within one of army’s armor brigades.\nThe personnel shortfalls are a clear consequence of the ill-executed transition from conscription to an all-volunteer military over the past few years. It was a political decision made during Ma Ying-jeou’s administration and continued by current President Tsai Ing-wen, despite their coming from different parties. And despite Tsai’s tough rhetoric about defending Taiwan during her successful recent reelection bid, and her vow to thwart Chinese aggression, she has shown no sign of stepping in to fix the problems.\nUniversal conscription is mandated in Article 20 of the Taiwanese Constitution, as in several other countries that face an imminent military threat, such as South Korea or Israel (where women are included but some minorities excluded). For some years, before 2017, the term of conscription service in Taiwan was just a year, which was already short compared with South Korea’s 18-22 months, depending on the military branch, or Israel’s 32 months. Most officers felt that the single year of service wasn’t enough for the military to utilize draftees’ full potential but enough to at least turn a recruit into an average soldier.\nBut 2017’s changes slashed the conscription period to just four months. Most draftees serve even less, as up to two weeks can be deducted if they’ve completed military training classes in high school and college. The four-month conscripts typically receive five weeks of basic training before they are assigned to field units for more specialty training. But they’re more a burden than an aid, not treated seriously by career or noncommissioned officers as their short stays mean they are seen as guests rather than soldiers.\n“By design, they don’t participate in any field exercise or combat readiness training anyway,” Lin said. “We just tell them to stay safe and don’t get into trouble. It’s basically a summer camp.” Several individuals who recently completed this four-month service described similar experiences in interviews.\nOne of the stated aims of the all-volunteer reform was to professionalize the service, staffing the military’s rank and file with a cadre of career-oriented volunteer soldiers who usually serve a minimum term of four years. Despite MND’s talking point that each year’s recruitment drive always hits the set targets and brings with it a fresh crop of volunteers, the rushed transition to an all-volunteer military has clearly damaged the Taiwanese army’s manpower pool—especially on the front line.\nThe reason for the hollowing out of front-line troops is simple. Unlike conscripts, who could be assigned entirely based on to the needs of the military, volunteer soldiers among the lower enlisted ranks can and usually do seek transfers to units considered desirable—rear-echelon troops such as training schools, garrison units, signal corps, and so forth. Although transfer opportunities are limited, soldiers almost always find a way. This means that armor, mechanized infantry, and artillery units are always in desperate shortage of enlisted soldiers—even though they are expected to be the ones bearing the brunt of ground fighting against the formidable People’s Liberation Army (PLA) ground force if it comes ashore.\nA popular yet cynical explanation as to why these Taiwanese soldiers dislike front-line units simply postulates a common aversion to tougher training and combat duty. But interviews with several enlisted ranks painted a more complex picture. Most complained that the food and living conditions left much to be desired—front-line soldiers must split their time between bases and on field exercises. That, on top of the fact they have far more weapons, vehicles, and equipment to clean and maintain, means these posts are perceived as more work for little reward. The existing shortages also cause an even heavier burden of work on the soldiers left—prompting more of them to put in for transfers.\nPolls show varied public opinion on these issues. In 2015, one legislator cited a poll that showed almost 60 support for a return to conscription. In response, the MND cited another poll that claimed 60 percent were satisfied with the transition to all-volunteer forces. At the end of the day, it all seems to come down to how the question is phrased by the pollsters.\nNo matter which poll you believe, it is clear that the two successive presidents over the past decade, Ma and Tsai, had little or no political interest in the political hassle of bringing back the longer conscription length, despite the evidence of the damage being done to military readiness. Even Kaohsiung Mayor Han Kuo-yu, who lost in the recent presidential election representing the Kuomintang (KMT) party, also declined to advocate a complete return to conscription but proposed a “hybrid approach” that he did not specify the details for.\nChieh Chung, a senior assistant research fellow at Taiwan’s National Policy Foundation, commented that the personnel shortage is a problem well documented by the military itself but has never entered their calculations. Chung, who has worked for several years in Taiwan’s parliament as a legislative advisor focusing on defense issues, said the military’s own exercises and computer simulations always assume all units would have at least 90 percent fighting strength at the beginning of a war—an assumption that might have been true in the conscription era but is a far cry from reality today.\nSeveral officers who have participated in the computer-simulated phase of the annual Han Kuang exercises in recent years also pointed out this obvious flaw. That raises the question of how many of the Taiwanese military’s simulations of its own ability to hold off a Chinese invasion are based on now purely hypothetical soldiers.\nThese personnel issues would not be so serious if the military had a functional reserve force. On paper, this enormous reserve force is said to be more than 2 million strong.These personnel issues would not be so serious if the military had a functional reserve force. On paper, this enormous reserve force is said to be more than 2 million strong. Once activated, these reservists are supposed to fill existing shortages across regular field units, and reinforce casualties, while creating fresh reserve formations from virtually nothing to bolster overall defense, according to the Reserve Command’s own words.These personnel issues would not be so serious if the military had a functional reserve force. On paper, this enormous reserve force is said to be more than 2 million strong.\nJust about everything in these talking points is pure fantasy, according to James Huang, a retired army lieutenant colonel who has since become a prolific writer on defense issues and military history, with many followers on Facebook. Huang said there was “no way whatsoever” any of Taiwan’s reserves would reinforce existing field units, despite the proven success of the system elsewhere in the world, especially Israel.\nThat’s the case regardless of whether the reservist is a conscript with four months’ training or a five-year veteran paratrooper just discharged from the special forces. The established practice of Taiwan’s Reserve Command, according to Huang, is not to send reservists back to their previous units but to lump everyone together into the newly activated reserve infantry brigades that possess no specialty, no vehicles, and no equipment except rifles (often older types) and are led by called-up reservist officers who have little experience commanding such ad hoc units.\nIn theory, all soldiers and officers (both conscripts and volunteers) are automatically enrolled as reservists on being discharged from active service. They are called up at most once every two years by the Reserve Command to receive refresher training for five to seven days. In practice, such training rarely consists of more than just basic drills and a short practice session at the rifle range. A reservist corporal who was a veteran M60 tank gunner, for example, will be activated only as an infantry rifleman even if one of the army’s active armor brigades has tanks sitting unmanned in the base.\n“If we go to war, the soldiers currently on roster are all that we have,” said Lin, the lieutenant colonel, who pointed out that he had never heard of any plan to reinforce units he commanded with reserve soldiers. “At best, they might start combining depleted units. We are supposed to fight until everyone is dead or can’t fight anymore.”\nAnd even if Taiwan somehow manages to muster dozens of fresh reserve infantry brigades before Chinese troops come ashore, Huang said they would be little more than cannon fodder consider how poorly the military has trained them in peacetime and the fact that there is not even a clear plan to fit them into the overall defense strategy.\n“Show me 2 million rifles in the stockpile, and I will believe Taiwan has a 2-million-strong reserve force,” Huang said. “The military can’t even tell how many reserve troops they will need to activate across Taiwan, let alone where and how to deploy them when the shooting starts across the Taiwan Strait.”\nOther military officers and defense experts confirmed the problems Huang cited. According to Jyun-yi Lee, an assistant research fellow at the Institute for National Defense and Security Research, a recently created think tank affiliated with Taiwan’s MND: “It’s indeed clear to most of us that Taiwan’s reserve system, as it currently stands, will not contribute much to the military’s fighting strength, if at all. No one is pretending soldiers trained by four-month conscription will be effective. They exist for political, not military, reasons. Politicians don’t want to bring back longer conscription or tougher reserve training, as they fear doing so might make them unpopular.”\nTo its credit, Taiwan’s MND finally began an experimental “reserve warrior program” in recent years that seeks to put skilled veterans back to their original units for refresher training up to a few days per month. Some 214 veterans were said to have signed up in 2019, which is obviously too low to function as a regular reserve force. The program so far seems to matter more to the air force, as it finally provides a channel for retired military pilots to fly again, according to one air force lieutenant familiar with the matter. So far one F-16 pilot and one C-130 pilot reportedly have signed up for the program.\nFormer KMT legislator Hsu “Jason” Yu-Jen said U.S. Defense Department officials have privately expressed dismal assessments regarding Taiwan’s current force level and reserve system. Hsu quoted Pentagon officials as saying in 2019 that Taiwan’s buying of new F-16s and M1 Abram tanks by the Tsai administration was a “nice political gesture” yet they will hardly matter in a war when Taiwan cannot even man them properly in peacetime.\nBut saying the problem out loud is a tough task in itself when both Taiwan’s international allies and the Taiwanese public want to hear a success story more than anything else—especially at a time when China’s propaganda machine is running at full speed to portrait Taiwan’s military as both incompetent and ineffective in the face of the PLA’s rapid expansion and modernization.\n“You have to acknowledge the existence of the problems before you can fix them,” said James Huang, who noted that some among the military community object to his outspokenness, though he decided to speak on record for this report anyway. “It’s about time someone starts telling the truth.”"],["topImageUrl",null],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","「無兵可用、有兵誤用」的台灣國軍，如何「抗中保台」？ - The News Lens 關鍵評論網"],["url","https://www.thenewslens.com/article/131342"],["summary","政府宣稱可以抵擋中國武力侵略，一部分是想要反制中國共產黨政府宣傳機器，長年來一貫描繪台灣的軍隊無能也無力抵抗解放軍的入侵。然而隨著中國解放軍高速的現代化和軍力增強，中國政府的這種描述恐怕正從宣傳邁向現實。標籤: 國軍, 國防部, 後備軍人, 退役軍人, 徵兵制, 募兵制, 實戰部隊"],["topImageUrl",null],["error",null]]}]}],["text","美國智庫《外交政策》（Foreign Policy）報導\n\nTaiwan’s Military Is a Hollow Shell\n台灣軍隊是空殼\n\n上篇是原文，下篇是翻譯版\n1.\nhttps://foreignpolicy.com/2020/02/15/china-threat-invasion-conscription-taiwans-military-is-a-hollow-shell/\n\n2.\nhttps://www.thenewslens.com/article/131342"],["id","38cho9d29uveq"],["createdAt","2021-08-28T03:11:50.028Z"]]}],["reply",{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["id","ofQPk3sBqH8xU4Aw0Zik"],["user",{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["id","kMzVlWwBqwaEkHKweY5K"],["name","Lopez"],["avatarUrl","https://www.gravatar.com/avatar/751f376f9925146f9752ec17ea482d64?s=100&d=identicon&r=g"],["level",13]]}],["type","OPINIONATED"],["text","(1) 本文出於 Foreign Policy, 是獲得多項獎的雙月刊紙媒和網媒。參考\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foreign_Policy#Awards\n(2) (ForeignAffairs.com 是另外一個老牌的雙月刊紙媒和網媒，不是美國政府的外交事務官網。兩者皆是可信的媒體。)\nhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foreign_Affairs\n\n"],["reference","文中討論國軍從徵兵制改採募兵制所帶來的人員不足的轉型問題，在台灣也廣受討論，可受公論。但是標題說 Taiwan’s Military Is a Hollow Shell 太慫恿，到底國軍軍力強大，世界排名第13的事實，不可忽略。\nhttps://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/国家的军力强度指数列表"],["hyperlinks",{"__iterable":"List","data":[{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","Foreign Policy - Wikipedia"],["url","https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foreign_Policy#Awards"],["summary",""],["topImageUrl",null],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","Foreign Affairs - Wikipedia"],["url","https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foreign_Affairs"],["summary",""],["topImageUrl",null],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","国家的军力强度指数列表 - 维基百科，自由的百科全书"],["url","https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/国家的军力强度指数列表"],["summary",""],["topImageUrl",null],["error",null]]}]}],["createdAt","2021-08-29T17:58:12.648Z"]]}]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["article",{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["replyCount",2],["references",{"__iterable":"List","data":[{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["type","LINE"]]}]}],["replyRequestCount",4],["user",{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["id","j4S8C_SGPqU25kWT9dgB7Sm3Cz8tQbcAia5BFcJwmHqtWpshs"],["name","富創造力的鼓山愛爾莎"],["avatarUrl",null],["level",0]]}],["hyperlinks",{"__iterable":"List","data":[{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","Taiwan’s Military Is a Hollow Shell"],["url","https://foreignpolicy.com/2020/02/15/china-threat-invasion-conscription-taiwans-military-is-a-hollow-shell/"],["summary","As threats of military aggression from China grow, the island nation of Taiwan needs a credible military deterrent more than ever. But Taiwan’s military is in a crisis it can barely admit exists.\nEven as the military refits itself with flashy U.S. arms purchases, such as M1 Abrams tanks and F-16V fighter jets, its front-line units are hollowed out, and the entire reserve system is so dysfunctional that few experts or serving military personnel believe it can make a real military contribution in the event of a war. These problems are well documented but continue to be downplayed, if not outright ignored, by Taiwan’s political leadership—and there is no clear plan to solve the crisis.\n\n \n Trending Articles\n \n \n \n \n \n Coronavirus Conspiracies Give Boost to Canada’s Far-Right\n Anti-Chinese sentiment and a public health backlash have vaulted Hong Kong-born Chief Public Health Officer Theresa…\n\n \n \n\n \n \n \nOn paper, Taiwan’s Ministry of National Defense (MND) has 215,000 budgeted positions among all branches, of which 188,000 are soldiers and the rest civilian employees. Only 153,000 of those positions were filled in 2018—just 81 percent of the personnel the military should have. But even that number doesn’t tell the complete story.Only 153,000 of those positions were filled in 2018—just 81 percent of the personnel the military should have. But even that number doesn’t tell the complete story.Only 153,000 of those positions were filled in 2018—just 81 percent of the personnel the military should have. But even that number doesn’t tell the complete story.\nAccording to a Taiwanese army lieutenant colonel in active service, who asked for only his last name, Lin, to be used, all the army’s front-line combat units he knows of—including armor, mechanized infantry, and artillery troops—currently have effective manpower levels of between 60 and 80 percent. This figure is consistent with Taiwanese media reports, which cite MND figures provided to Taiwan’s parliament, the Legislative Yuan, acknowledging that few front-line units have more than 80 percent of their positions filled.\n“That number might not seem so bad until you realize it means at least a third of your tanks are useless in a war because there’s no one to man them,” said Lin, who most recently served as a battalion commander within one of army’s armor brigades.\nThe personnel shortfalls are a clear consequence of the ill-executed transition from conscription to an all-volunteer military over the past few years. It was a political decision made during Ma Ying-jeou’s administration and continued by current President Tsai Ing-wen, despite their coming from different parties. And despite Tsai’s tough rhetoric about defending Taiwan during her successful recent reelection bid, and her vow to thwart Chinese aggression, she has shown no sign of stepping in to fix the problems.\nUniversal conscription is mandated in Article 20 of the Taiwanese Constitution, as in several other countries that face an imminent military threat, such as South Korea or Israel (where women are included but some minorities excluded). For some years, before 2017, the term of conscription service in Taiwan was just a year, which was already short compared with South Korea’s 18-22 months, depending on the military branch, or Israel’s 32 months. Most officers felt that the single year of service wasn’t enough for the military to utilize draftees’ full potential but enough to at least turn a recruit into an average soldier.\nBut 2017’s changes slashed the conscription period to just four months. Most draftees serve even less, as up to two weeks can be deducted if they’ve completed military training classes in high school and college. The four-month conscripts typically receive five weeks of basic training before they are assigned to field units for more specialty training. But they’re more a burden than an aid, not treated seriously by career or noncommissioned officers as their short stays mean they are seen as guests rather than soldiers.\n“By design, they don’t participate in any field exercise or combat readiness training anyway,” Lin said. “We just tell them to stay safe and don’t get into trouble. It’s basically a summer camp.” Several individuals who recently completed this four-month service described similar experiences in interviews.\nOne of the stated aims of the all-volunteer reform was to professionalize the service, staffing the military’s rank and file with a cadre of career-oriented volunteer soldiers who usually serve a minimum term of four years. Despite MND’s talking point that each year’s recruitment drive always hits the set targets and brings with it a fresh crop of volunteers, the rushed transition to an all-volunteer military has clearly damaged the Taiwanese army’s manpower pool—especially on the front line.\nThe reason for the hollowing out of front-line troops is simple. Unlike conscripts, who could be assigned entirely based on to the needs of the military, volunteer soldiers among the lower enlisted ranks can and usually do seek transfers to units considered desirable—rear-echelon troops such as training schools, garrison units, signal corps, and so forth. Although transfer opportunities are limited, soldiers almost always find a way. This means that armor, mechanized infantry, and artillery units are always in desperate shortage of enlisted soldiers—even though they are expected to be the ones bearing the brunt of ground fighting against the formidable People’s Liberation Army (PLA) ground force if it comes ashore.\nA popular yet cynical explanation as to why these Taiwanese soldiers dislike front-line units simply postulates a common aversion to tougher training and combat duty. But interviews with several enlisted ranks painted a more complex picture. Most complained that the food and living conditions left much to be desired—front-line soldiers must split their time between bases and on field exercises. That, on top of the fact they have far more weapons, vehicles, and equipment to clean and maintain, means these posts are perceived as more work for little reward. The existing shortages also cause an even heavier burden of work on the soldiers left—prompting more of them to put in for transfers.\nPolls show varied public opinion on these issues. In 2015, one legislator cited a poll that showed almost 60 support for a return to conscription. In response, the MND cited another poll that claimed 60 percent were satisfied with the transition to all-volunteer forces. At the end of the day, it all seems to come down to how the question is phrased by the pollsters.\nNo matter which poll you believe, it is clear that the two successive presidents over the past decade, Ma and Tsai, had little or no political interest in the political hassle of bringing back the longer conscription length, despite the evidence of the damage being done to military readiness. Even Kaohsiung Mayor Han Kuo-yu, who lost in the recent presidential election representing the Kuomintang (KMT) party, also declined to advocate a complete return to conscription but proposed a “hybrid approach” that he did not specify the details for.\nChieh Chung, a senior assistant research fellow at Taiwan’s National Policy Foundation, commented that the personnel shortage is a problem well documented by the military itself but has never entered their calculations. Chung, who has worked for several years in Taiwan’s parliament as a legislative advisor focusing on defense issues, said the military’s own exercises and computer simulations always assume all units would have at least 90 percent fighting strength at the beginning of a war—an assumption that might have been true in the conscription era but is a far cry from reality today.\nSeveral officers who have participated in the computer-simulated phase of the annual Han Kuang exercises in recent years also pointed out this obvious flaw. That raises the question of how many of the Taiwanese military’s simulations of its own ability to hold off a Chinese invasion are based on now purely hypothetical soldiers.\nThese personnel issues would not be so serious if the military had a functional reserve force. On paper, this enormous reserve force is said to be more than 2 million strong.These personnel issues would not be so serious if the military had a functional reserve force. On paper, this enormous reserve force is said to be more than 2 million strong. Once activated, these reservists are supposed to fill existing shortages across regular field units, and reinforce casualties, while creating fresh reserve formations from virtually nothing to bolster overall defense, according to the Reserve Command’s own words.These personnel issues would not be so serious if the military had a functional reserve force. On paper, this enormous reserve force is said to be more than 2 million strong.\nJust about everything in these talking points is pure fantasy, according to James Huang, a retired army lieutenant colonel who has since become a prolific writer on defense issues and military history, with many followers on Facebook. Huang said there was “no way whatsoever” any of Taiwan’s reserves would reinforce existing field units, despite the proven success of the system elsewhere in the world, especially Israel.\nThat’s the case regardless of whether the reservist is a conscript with four months’ training or a five-year veteran paratrooper just discharged from the special forces. The established practice of Taiwan’s Reserve Command, according to Huang, is not to send reservists back to their previous units but to lump everyone together into the newly activated reserve infantry brigades that possess no specialty, no vehicles, and no equipment except rifles (often older types) and are led by called-up reservist officers who have little experience commanding such ad hoc units.\nIn theory, all soldiers and officers (both conscripts and volunteers) are automatically enrolled as reservists on being discharged from active service. They are called up at most once every two years by the Reserve Command to receive refresher training for five to seven days. In practice, such training rarely consists of more than just basic drills and a short practice session at the rifle range. A reservist corporal who was a veteran M60 tank gunner, for example, will be activated only as an infantry rifleman even if one of the army’s active armor brigades has tanks sitting unmanned in the base.\n“If we go to war, the soldiers currently on roster are all that we have,” said Lin, the lieutenant colonel, who pointed out that he had never heard of any plan to reinforce units he commanded with reserve soldiers. “At best, they might start combining depleted units. We are supposed to fight until everyone is dead or can’t fight anymore.”\nAnd even if Taiwan somehow manages to muster dozens of fresh reserve infantry brigades before Chinese troops come ashore, Huang said they would be little more than cannon fodder consider how poorly the military has trained them in peacetime and the fact that there is not even a clear plan to fit them into the overall defense strategy.\n“Show me 2 million rifles in the stockpile, and I will believe Taiwan has a 2-million-strong reserve force,” Huang said. “The military can’t even tell how many reserve troops they will need to activate across Taiwan, let alone where and how to deploy them when the shooting starts across the Taiwan Strait.”\nOther military officers and defense experts confirmed the problems Huang cited. According to Jyun-yi Lee, an assistant research fellow at the Institute for National Defense and Security Research, a recently created think tank affiliated with Taiwan’s MND: “It’s indeed clear to most of us that Taiwan’s reserve system, as it currently stands, will not contribute much to the military’s fighting strength, if at all. No one is pretending soldiers trained by four-month conscription will be effective. They exist for political, not military, reasons. Politicians don’t want to bring back longer conscription or tougher reserve training, as they fear doing so might make them unpopular.”\nTo its credit, Taiwan’s MND finally began an experimental “reserve warrior program” in recent years that seeks to put skilled veterans back to their original units for refresher training up to a few days per month. Some 214 veterans were said to have signed up in 2019, which is obviously too low to function as a regular reserve force. The program so far seems to matter more to the air force, as it finally provides a channel for retired military pilots to fly again, according to one air force lieutenant familiar with the matter. So far one F-16 pilot and one C-130 pilot reportedly have signed up for the program.\nFormer KMT legislator Hsu “Jason” Yu-Jen said U.S. Defense Department officials have privately expressed dismal assessments regarding Taiwan’s current force level and reserve system. Hsu quoted Pentagon officials as saying in 2019 that Taiwan’s buying of new F-16s and M1 Abram tanks by the Tsai administration was a “nice political gesture” yet they will hardly matter in a war when Taiwan cannot even man them properly in peacetime.\nBut saying the problem out loud is a tough task in itself when both Taiwan’s international allies and the Taiwanese public want to hear a success story more than anything else—especially at a time when China’s propaganda machine is running at full speed to portrait Taiwan’s military as both incompetent and ineffective in the face of the PLA’s rapid expansion and modernization.\n“You have to acknowledge the existence of the problems before you can fix them,” said James Huang, who noted that some among the military community object to his outspokenness, though he decided to speak on record for this report anyway. “It’s about time someone starts telling the truth.”"],["topImageUrl",null],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","「無兵可用、有兵誤用」的台灣國軍，如何「抗中保台」？ - The News Lens 關鍵評論網"],["url","https://www.thenewslens.com/article/131342"],["summary","政府宣稱可以抵擋中國武力侵略，一部分是想要反制中國共產黨政府宣傳機器，長年來一貫描繪台灣的軍隊無能也無力抵抗解放軍的入侵。然而隨著中國解放軍高速的現代化和軍力增強，中國政府的這種描述恐怕正從宣傳邁向現實。標籤: 國軍, 國防部, 後備軍人, 退役軍人, 徵兵制, 募兵制, 實戰部隊"],["topImageUrl",null],["error",null]]}]}],["text","美國智庫《外交政策》（Foreign Policy）報導\n\nTaiwan’s Military Is a Hollow Shell\n台灣軍隊是空殼\n\n上篇是原文，下篇是翻譯版\n1.\nhttps://foreignpolicy.com/2020/02/15/china-threat-invasion-conscription-taiwans-military-is-a-hollow-shell/\n\n2.\nhttps://www.thenewslens.com/article/131342"],["id","38cho9d29uveq"],["createdAt","2021-08-28T03:11:50.028Z"]]}],["reply",{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["id","N_RGknsBqH8xU4Awc5gd"],["user",{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["id","G0I813oBgBgcuemXCMFW"],["name","vanillam"],["avatarUrl",null],["level",13]]}],["type","RUMOR"],["text","這是一個網名稱為美國「外交政策」的網站，看起來是要誤導讀者誤會為美國政府的外交事務官網，網址是https://www.foreignaffairs.com\n同時，「Taiwan’s Military Is a Hollow Shell」這篇文章作者Paul Huang，是一位自由記者，從2019至今在訊息中所謂的美國「外交政策」網站亦只有共三篇「文章」，網上也找不到「他」其他任何的新聞報道。"],["reference","美國外交事務網站\nhttps://www.foreignaffairs.com\n\nPaul Huang is a freelance journalist\nhttps://foreignpolicy.com/author/paul-huang/"],["hyperlinks",{"__iterable":"List","data":[{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","Foreign Affairs"],["url","https://www.foreignaffairs.com"],["summary","Foreign Affairs is the leading magazine for in-depth analysis and debate of foreign policy, geopolitics and global affairs"],["topImageUrl",null],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","Foreign Affairs"],["url","https://www.foreignaffairs.com"],["summary","Foreign Affairs is the leading magazine for in-depth analysis and debate of foreign policy, geopolitics and global affairs"],["topImageUrl",null],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","Paul Huang - Foreign Policy"],["url","https://foreignpolicy.com/author/paul-huang/"],["summary","Paul Huang is a freelance journalist and a nonresident fellow with the Taiwanese Public Opinion Foundation. He is currently based in Taipei, Taiwan, where he conducts research into China’s military and global influence operations. "],["topImageUrl",null],["error",null]]}]}],["createdAt","2021-08-29T14:18:15.713Z"]]}]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["article",{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["replyCount",1],["references",{"__iterable":"List","data":[{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["type","LINE"]]}]}],["replyRequestCount",1],["user",{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["id","j4S8C_OCtgx4H4_F8pov0EpNQX2lb0XOBRGPjieVXYya-JEEM"],["name","肯定的大安貝克"],["avatarUrl",null],["level",0]]}],["hyperlinks",{"__iterable":"List","data":[{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","33 Year Old Man Reveals How He Earns More Than $40,000 Every Month Working From Anywhere He Wants"],["url","https://bbcbtcnews.xyz/click.php?key=95dhagg458clrqk70cqg&s=0.0179&1=1765408&2=push&3=5815657&4={connection.type}&5=high"],["summary","(Tuesday, April 14, 2020 - 'It all came as a surprise to me! I\n just wanted to make some extra cash aside for my hobbies and travel.'\nA\n\n ppearing on his weekly facebook live session, 33 year old millionaire Sam Hutchins explained us in detail how he makes\n on average $44k per month while\n traveling and working from some of the world's most exotic locations!\n\n One day while browsing online he\n discovered an automated trading platform, called Bitcoin PRO. The\n idea was simple: allow the average\n person the opportunity to cash in on the digital currency boom. Even if\n they have absolutely no investing or technology experience.\n \n\n \n\n A user would simply make an initial deposit into the platform, usually of $250 or more, and the automated trading algorithm would go to work.\n Using a combination of data and machine learning, the algorithm would know the perfect\n time to buy (or sell) digital assets low and sell high, maximising the user's profit.\n\n \n\n \n\n At first, Sam used Bitcoin PRO to make a\n few thousand dollars extra, but it wasn't before long his ambitions took over and he substituted his full time job for \n \"30 minutes trading online per day\". Fast forward 6 months, and Sam is earning $40,000 per month while traveling the world. \"All I need is some\n wifi to check on my trades, I can be anywhere in the world at anytime I want!\" Sam exclaims.\n\n\n \n \"I play golf 3 times a week and usually stay somewhere close to the ocean. If I get bored in one place then I'll move on. I love\n to read and have just started writing a book! I have so much time on my hands now, it's a great way to live!\"\n\n To demonstrate the power of the platform Sam opened up a new account and deposited $250 on his facebook live feed.\n\n\n \n \n \n Sam setting up the new account from his airbnb in Cabo \n \n \n After Sam's initial deposit for $250 was made in the new account, the trading platform went to work buying low\n and selling high. Within 3 minutes, he had successfully increased his initial funds to $323.18. That's a $143.18 profit. \n \n \n \n \n Bitcoin PRO goes to work.\n The algorithm knows the perfect\n time to buy (or sell), maximising the user's profit. \n \n Everyone on Sam's facebook live session (including us) were immediately impressed by how easy it was to make money.\n The platform handles all the trading work automatically, and because the price of Bitcoin is quite volatile, there are\n numerous opportunities to profit. \"The more volatility the better!\" Says Sam. \"I actually made most of my money during the sell-off, it was simple.\n It's still a really good time to get involved while prices fluctuate like crazy!\"\n Before Sam even had a chance to respond to everyones questions, he interrupted and said with a smile on his\n face: \"I've gone up to $398.42 after just 8 minutes\". \n\n \n\n If you had invested just $100 in Bitcoin back in 2010 you would now enjoy dividends of $75 Million!\n \n Try Bitcoin PRO NowWe decided to put Bitcoin PRO to the test, to see if it was really possible for you to make money using the platform.\n Here's the deal: We quickly discovered that the platform charges a commission of 2% on profits a user generates and you need to make a minimum deposit of $250 to get started. That money will be your initial investment, which the trading software uses to trade.\n Also, we learnt that Bitcoin PRO makes money by buying when the price goes up AND when the price goes down. This is known as short-selling, and the platform handles it for you automatically.\n MY RESULTS WITH Bitcoin PRO AFTER 7 DAYS: I decided to sign up for an account with Bitcoin PRO, I made the initial deposit $250 and set my account to active.\n \n On the show, Holly was able to make $73.18 in profit after 3 minutes, for me, it took much longer. The platform took 20 hours to generate an $80.19 profit, which still impressed me a lot! I've never purchased Bitcoin before and never made a trade in my life, yet here I was able to generate profits.\n I spent about 5 minutes a day checking my results, and after 5 days, the platform had traded up to a massive total of $630. That is a 252% increase in my initial deposit. I was starting to become a true believer in this platform.\n After 7 Days my initial investment had traded up to $1,930. At this point, my mind was racing with possibilities of all the things I could spend that money on. This is more money than I made at work for the week and I spent less than 30 minutes checking the platform.\n I decided to keep my account active for 15 days in total because I wanted to see how high it could go. My account eventually hit a peak of $6,380.10 but had a negative -$79.51 trade. I looked through my trading logs and discovered that not every trade is profitable, some actually lose money.\n The platform isn't magic, but after 70% of my trades were profitable, the net result was I made $6,300.59 from my initial deposit of $250. It took me less than 30 minutes of work a week and absolutely no technical or investing experience.\n \n As you can see from the screenshot below, I decided to use the 'withdraw funds' function to withdraw $6,300.59 from my account.\n \n \n \n \n How I easily withdrew my money from my Bitcoin PRO account \n \n All in all, I was able to make $6,300.59 from using Bitcoin PRO. I decided to pull my money out to pay for an overseas holiday. When I get back, with the money I've got left over from my holiday, I will definitely reinvest in Bitcoin PRO. I may even quit my job!\n Note: It took 48 hours for my money to be deposited into my personal bank account.\n \n \n \n TRY Bitcoin PRO FOR YOURSELF\n \n\n\n\n Sam has given us 15 special invitations to try\n Bitcoin PRO, some are\n still available left. \n \n\n\n Access to Bitcoin PRO is available: Tuesday, April 14, 2020\n\n (15140) people have already signed up today... Hurry!\n\n\n Try Bitcoin PRO Now\n \n\n\n You can fund your account via credit card or a bank transfer.\n There are three steps to get started: 1. Sign Up With This Link (important!)\n 2. Deposit The Minimum $250\n 3. Use The Bitcoin Trading Platform To Earn Profits\n \n \n Note: You can withdraw your profits or initial deposit at ANY time by using the 'Withdraw' button inside the platform\n \n Step 1: Enter Your Details To Sign Up For A Free Account\n \n \n \n \n Step 2: Deposit The Initial Minimum Investment Of $250\n \n \n \n \n Step 3: Withdraw Your Profits (or keep them invested to generate more profit!)\n \n \n \n \n Try Bitcoin PRO Now\n Associated Links:\n Bitcoin PRO Official Site\n \n \n \nBitcoin PRO RESULTS \nPROFIT: $5.552\n “I use Bitcoin PRO\n already a bit longer than 2 weeks and my initial investment of $ 250\n is now worth $ 5.802. That is much more than I can earn at work.” \nBen James London \nPROFIT: $9,200\n \"I have more than $ 9,200 PROFIT after more than a month of Bitcoin PRO. I can also travel and earn money!” \nAdam Sydney\nPROFIT: $22,219\n \"It is so easy to use! I have never traded before but now I earn more than $ 3,000 per week\n and I enjoy life!” \nAnna Paris\nPROFIT: $41,943\n \"I have been working on Bitcoin PRO for only two weeks and it has already paid off my America vacation.” \nSammy Newark\nPROFIT: $7,521\n \"money money money!\"\nJulia Keaton Auckland\nPROFIT: $58,744\n \"I do it together with my best friend, and together\nwe made profit after 3 weeks. The trading robot does all the work. Together\nwe have earned more than $ 17,000 in a week” \nTom & Walter Munich\nPROFIT: $12,301\n \"My friend was the one who told me about Bitcoin PRO\nhad told me and it has changed my life. I already earn well over one\nmonth more than $ 2,000 a week, but I spend less than 30\nminutes per day”\nLinda Vogel Brussel, BE\nSpecial Offer\n\nStap 1:\n\n\n\n\nStap 2:\n\n\n\n\nStap 3:"],["topImageUrl",null],["error",null]]}]}],["text","https://bbcbtcnews.xyz/click.php?key=95dhagg458clrqk70cqg&s=0.0179&1=1765408&2=push&3=5815657&4={connection.type}&5=high"],["id","3ob2z6yx4fwqy"],["createdAt","2020-04-14T03:14:04.328Z"]]}],["reply",{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["id","yw8Yd3EBrhVJn3LND6He"],["user",{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["id","_1YnAG8BV0DITCqGm7go"],["name","uienwt"],["avatarUrl",null],["level",18]]}],["type","RUMOR"],["text","這並不是一個正規的新聞網站頁面，主要透過在各大新聞網站的頁面，投放安插了號稱「尋找台灣的社交媒體經理」的詐騙廣告，實際上點進去是要民眾去購買不知名的「Bitcoin Pro」投資工具，另外內容也出現許多台灣不常見的語法，以及失效的連結與假留言，過去也有出現許多這樣冒用名人的網站，內容描述某些名人因為購買了類似比特幣、Bitcoin...等不知名的虛擬貨幣來獲利的情形，後來證實都是虛構的詐騙。"],["reference","https://www.mygopen.com/2020/03/fake-Bitcoin-Pro.html\n【詐騙】昆凌和周杰倫用Bitcoin Pro賺錢？當心詐騙廣告新聞"],["hyperlinks",{"__iterable":"List","data":[{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","【詐騙】昆凌和周杰倫用Bitcoin Pro賺錢？當心詐騙廣告新聞"],["url","https://www.mygopen.com/2020/03/fake-Bitcoin-Pro.html"],["summary","你在新聞平台網站看到詐騙廣告嗎？通常會安插在新聞頁面的區塊間，描述「臺灣在家薪水最高的工作」、「尋找居住在台灣的社交媒體經理」，點進去則是「昆凌說周杰倫和她藉由 Bitcoin Pro 賺錢」的內容。事實上這完全是網路詐騙，透過設計山寨新聞網站以及投放 Google、Yahoo、Facebook 廣告，吸引大家加入，千萬不要因此輸入相關個人資料與信用卡付款資訊。\n\n\n\n假新聞 Bitcoin Pro 的詐騙\n\n原始廣告訊息：\n臺灣在家薪水最高的工作\n我們在尋找居住在台灣的社交媒體經理。今天就申請吧。\n\n類似這樣的廣告區塊：\n\n\n\n多半會出現在各大社群網站、新聞版面區塊。\n\n\n\n點進去就會跳到類似這樣的新聞頁面，但實際上並不是什麼正規的新聞媒體網站。\n\n標題為：\n昆凌坦稱:「周杰倫跟我，從瀕臨破產的狀態，到目前為止我們幾個禮拜就賺了四千萬! 」她在女性談話電節目上分享，表示大家都應該抓住這個機會。\n\n一個叫做「突發新聞」的頁面：\n\n\n\n內容描述昆凌說：「用戶只需在平台上進行最初的存款，通常是七千塊台幣或以上，自動的交易演算法即可運行。Bitcoin Pro平台並不意味著您對比特幣的技術或投資要有任何的背景知識，它會自動幫你做所有工作。」這樣的說法。\n\n\n\n詐騙網站說明：\n這並不是一個正規的新聞網站頁面，主要透過在各大新聞網站的頁面，投放安插了號稱「尋找台灣的社交媒體經理」的詐騙廣告，實際上點進去是要民眾去購買不知名的「Bitcoin Pro」投資工具，另外內容也出現許多台灣不常見的語法，以及失效的連結與假留言，真的不要去相信這樣的不實詐騙廣告。\n\n過去也有出現許多這樣冒用名人的網站，內容描述某些名人因為購買了類似比特幣、Bitcoin...等不知名的虛擬貨幣來獲利的情形，後來證實都是虛構的詐騙。\n\n詐騙破解：\n像是冒用郭台銘、馬雲這樣名人的案例，同時也在 Facebook 投放過廣告，過去 MyGoPen 都有破解澄清過。\n\n\n\n像這次周杰倫與昆凌的假新聞網站案例，文章中後段會教你是怎麼這樣賺錢的。\n\n\n\n文章到後面目的就是把你拉到這個頁面，要你輸入詳細資訊並註冊免費帳戶。\n\n\n\n你會發現下面的 Facebook 留言也是假的，並不是真的臉書留言程式。\n\n\n\n裡面所有的連結也會導入到詐騙內容，完全是造假的山寨新聞網站連結，在國際間也有類似案例。\n\n\n\n這些都是偽裝成新聞網站或是虛擬貨幣交易網頁的詐騙，除了金錢的損失之外，也要當心惡意軟體與後門程式。\n\n相關資料：MyGoPen - 【詐騙】馬雲的新工具開放給台灣？假的比特幣新創和山寨CNN\n\n相關資料：MyGoPen - 【詐騙】郭台銘上節目說破產後如何賺到8200萬？假的比特幣新聞"],["topImageUrl",null],["error",null]]}]}],["createdAt","2020-04-14T05:09:57.859Z"]]}]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["article",{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["replyCount",1],["references",{"__iterable":"List","data":[{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["type","LINE"]]}]}],["replyRequestCount",1],["user",{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["id","j4S8C_pwU8fZF4fUS1TIaB5J6Xk4U4lQhpckfhMjI84GGhdqI"],["name","含蓄的白河希伯來"],["avatarUrl",null],["level",0]]}],["hyperlinks",{"__iterable":"List","data":[{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","拯救蜜蜂：農藥禁令表決倒數中"],["url","https://secure.avaaz.org/campaign/ct/save_the_bees_neonics_loc_ns/?tUlKRlb&v=500463352&cl=14353930467&_checksum=767b05c6ceeaaced891d5ac06558c6c787260449170dbc0659039ba024e81252"],["summary","拯救蜜蜂：表決倒數計時中 \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n\n\n\n \n \n \n \n \n 致各歐盟成員國、世界各國領袖及農業部長：:\n \n 我們籲請您們即刻禁用類尼古丁（neonicotinoid）農藥。蜜蜂族群的衰亡將會使我們的整個食物鏈面臨崩壞，如果您迅速採取行動，我們就有望拯救蜜蜂免於滅絕。\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n 2,066,744 已簽名。讓我們達到 5,500,000\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n\n \n\n 更新: 27 四月 2018好消息，我們贏了!! 經過我們的史上規模最大的守護蜜蜂連署，以及對各國部長發送的數千封訊息；歐盟通過這項農藥禁令了！這是個重大進展，為更為永續的農業開啟了新時代。但我們仍須凝聚力量持續施壓 -- 接下來，這場戰役將在美國、加拿大以及世界其餘國家登場。請持續分享並邀請更多人加入連署！\n\n 發佈日期： 25 四月 2018致各歐盟成員國、世界各國領袖及農業部長：:\n \n \"我們籲請您們即刻禁用類尼古丁（neonicotinoid）農藥。蜜蜂族群的衰亡將會使我們的整個食物鏈面臨崩壞，如果您迅速採取行動，我們就有望拯救蜜蜂免於滅絕。\"\n \n \n 更多資訊：現在，全世界有成千上萬蜜蜂逐漸死去，但兩天後，歐盟有望全面禁用危及蜜蜂存續的有毒農藥！頂尖的科學家以及農民聯盟都不斷呼籲實施禁令，歐盟國家的民眾也普遍支持；英、法、德等12國將投下支持票，但我們還需要另外4個國家的一票才能贏得星期五的表決。一旦歐盟通過禁令，我們就有機會進而推動更多國家跟進。目前表決的情勢尚未完全明朗，所以每一個連署簽名都至關重要 -- 邀請您立刻加入連署，並幫忙分享出去！"],["topImageUrl","https://avaazimages.avaaz.org/35906_35891_22741_22719_cutebee_5_600x315.jpg"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","拯救蜜蜂：農藥禁令表決倒數中"],["url","https://secure.avaaz.org/campaign/ct/save_the_bees_neonics_loc_ns/?tUlKRlb&v=500463352&cl=14353930467&_checksum=767b05c6ceeaaced891d5ac06558c6c787260449170dbc0659039ba024e81252"],["summary","拯救蜜蜂：表決倒數計時中 \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n\n\n\n \n \n \n \n \n 致各歐盟成員國、世界各國領袖及農業部長：:\n \n 我們籲請您們即刻禁用類尼古丁（neonicotinoid）農藥。蜜蜂族群的衰亡將會使我們的整個食物鏈面臨崩壞，如果您迅速採取行動，我們就有望拯救蜜蜂免於滅絕。\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n 2,066,744 已簽名。讓我們達到 5,500,000\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n\n \n\n 更新: 27 四月 2018好消息，我們贏了!! 經過我們的史上規模最大的守護蜜蜂連署，以及對各國部長發送的數千封訊息；歐盟通過這項農藥禁令了！這是個重大進展，為更為永續的農業開啟了新時代。但我們仍須凝聚力量持續施壓 -- 接下來，這場戰役將在美國、加拿大以及世界其餘國家登場。請持續分享並邀請更多人加入連署！\n\n 發佈日期： 25 四月 2018致各歐盟成員國、世界各國領袖及農業部長：:\n \n \"我們籲請您們即刻禁用類尼古丁（neonicotinoid）農藥。蜜蜂族群的衰亡將會使我們的整個食物鏈面臨崩壞，如果您迅速採取行動，我們就有望拯救蜜蜂免於滅絕。\"\n \n \n 更多資訊：現在，全世界有成千上萬蜜蜂逐漸死去，但兩天後，歐盟有望全面禁用危及蜜蜂存續的有毒農藥！頂尖的科學家以及農民聯盟都不斷呼籲實施禁令，歐盟國家的民眾也普遍支持；英、法、德等12國將投下支持票，但我們還需要另外4個國家的一票才能贏得星期五的表決。一旦歐盟通過禁令，我們就有機會進而推動更多國家跟進。目前表決的情勢尚未完全明朗，所以每一個連署簽名都至關重要 -- 邀請您立刻加入連署，並幫忙分享出去！"],["topImageUrl","https://avaazimages.avaaz.org/35906_35891_22741_22719_cutebee_5_600x315.jpg"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","拯救蜜蜂：農藥禁令表決倒數中"],["url","https://secure.avaaz.org/campaign/ct/save_the_bees_neonics_loc_ns/?tUlKRlb&v=500463352&cl=14353930467&_checksum=767b05c6ceeaaced891d5ac06558c6c787260449170dbc0659039ba024e81252"],["summary","拯救蜜蜂：表決倒數計時中 \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n\n\n\n \n \n \n \n \n 致各歐盟成員國、世界各國領袖及農業部長：:\n \n 我們籲請您們即刻禁用類尼古丁（neonicotinoid）農藥。蜜蜂族群的衰亡將會使我們的整個食物鏈面臨崩壞，如果您迅速採取行動，我們就有望拯救蜜蜂免於滅絕。\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n 2,066,744 已簽名。讓我們達到 5,500,000\n \n \n \n \n \n\n\n\n\n \n\n 更新: 27 四月 2018好消息，我們贏了!! 經過我們的史上規模最大的守護蜜蜂連署，以及對各國部長發送的數千封訊息；歐盟通過這項農藥禁令了！這是個重大進展，為更為永續的農業開啟了新時代。但我們仍須凝聚力量持續施壓 -- 接下來，這場戰役將在美國、加拿大以及世界其餘國家登場。請持續分享並邀請更多人加入連署！\n\n 發佈日期： 25 四月 2018致各歐盟成員國、世界各國領袖及農業部長：:\n \n \"我們籲請您們即刻禁用類尼古丁（neonicotinoid）農藥。蜜蜂族群的衰亡將會使我們的整個食物鏈面臨崩壞，如果您迅速採取行動，我們就有望拯救蜜蜂免於滅絕。\"\n \n \n 更多資訊：現在，全世界有成千上萬蜜蜂逐漸死去，但兩天後，歐盟有望全面禁用危及蜜蜂存續的有毒農藥！頂尖的科學家以及農民聯盟都不斷呼籲實施禁令，歐盟國家的民眾也普遍支持；英、法、德等12國將投下支持票，但我們還需要另外4個國家的一票才能贏得星期五的表決。一旦歐盟通過禁令，我們就有機會進而推動更多國家跟進。目前表決的情勢尚未完全明朗，所以每一個連署簽名都至關重要 -- 邀請您立刻加入連署，並幫忙分享出去！"],["topImageUrl","https://avaazimages.avaaz.org/35906_35891_22741_22719_cutebee_5_600x315.jpg"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","歐盟最新草案類尼古丁農藥嚴重危害蜜蜂預計全面禁用 | 上下游News&Market"],["url","https://www.newsmarket.com.tw/blog/93253/"],["summary","英國衛報報導，歐盟執委會提出條例草案，預計全面禁用世界上使用最廣的類尼古丁殺蟲劑（或稱新菸鹼類殺蟲劑，如台灣也有使用的益達胺），理由是「對蜜蜂具急劇高風險」。這份文件若獲得大多數成員國批准，最快可能於今年（2017）實施禁令。\n科學共識：類尼古丁農藥嚴重危害蜜蜂 \n蜜蜂等授粉昆蟲對糧食作物的重要性不言可喻，但數十年來由於棲地喪失、疾病與農藥使用，族群數量持續下降。使用了二十多年的類尼古丁殺蟲劑，被認為嚴重危害蜜蜂生存。\n2013年歐盟曾暫時禁用三種主要的類尼古丁殺蟲劑，如今新的禁令是全面性禁止在田間使用，只有溫室例外。這份提議將在五月進行投票，如果通過，可能在數月後即實施。\n「這些殺蟲劑毒害的科學證據已如此之多，沒道理繼續出現在市場上。」歐洲農藥行動網（Pesticide Action Network Europe）的Martin Dermine表示，他們將繼續奮戰，爭取更多會員國的支持。\n類尼古丁農藥會嚴重危害蜜蜂已有強烈的科學共識，但只有少數證據顯示蜜蜂整體族群數量是因此而下降，預計很快會有大規模的田間試驗。儘管如此，歐盟執委會根據歐洲食品安全局的風險評估，仍決定實施全面禁令。\n拜耳製造「益達胺」將被禁用\n由拜耳公司製造的益達胺（imidacloprid）和可尼丁（clothianidin），被歐盟執委會認為「對蜜蜂具急劇高風險」，而先正達製造的賽速安（thiamethoxam），歐盟執委會也認為公司所提供的證據不足以排除風險。\n不過，代表農藥製造商的作物保護協會執行長Sarah Mukherjee表示，「我們對歐盟執委會的提議感到失望，這似乎是政治判斷而非根據科學。」她批評歐洲食品安全局的評估所根據的資料，是未經正式許可的「蜜蜂指導文件」。\n非營利環保組織Buglife執行長Matt Shardlow則樂見禁令，「歐洲食品安全局已確認，經過類尼古丁農藥處理的種子，造成的風險超過70種，」他並認為溫室也應一併禁止，因為農藥會殘存在土壤中。\n今年三月初，聯合國糧食與污染專家發佈了關於農藥的重要報告，認為必須使用農藥才能餵飽人類是「一個迷思」，並呼籲應發起全球性公約來控制農藥使用。Shardlow認同表示，「有鑑於我們未能解決、甚至充分認識類尼古丁農藥所造成的生態災難，建立新的全球公約有其急迫必要。」\n延伸閱讀：\nEurope poised for total ban on bee-harming pesticides\n\n每年有約20萬人死於急性農藥中毒，聯合國報告譴責行業寡頭不道德營銷\n蜜蜂中毒日趨嚴重農委會多頭馬車無專責機構\n蝙蝠大量消失農藥益達胺導致迷航糞便含超量農藥重金屬\n全球首次證實 1ppb農藥益達胺讓蜜蜂幼蟲腦崩壞\n農藥惹禍？蜂群死亡案例大增防治荔枝椿象平腹小蜂取代農藥"],["topImageUrl","https://www.newsmarket.com.tw/files/2017/03/5000.jpg"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","終結嘉磷塞，歐盟關鍵一戰│法義支持德國搖擺，百萬歐洲公民連署禁用│上下游"],["url","https://www.newsmarket.com.tw/blog/101270/"],["summary","美國農化大廠孟山都在歐盟陷入苦戰。全球除草劑龍頭「年年春」主要成分「嘉磷塞」在歐盟的許可證將在今年底到期，即使有超過130萬公民連署、民調顯示三成二民眾希望禁用，但歐盟執委會仍堅持提案延長十年核可。\n28個成員國日前開會討論，支持與反對者經過兩天的針鋒相對，無法達成共識。歐盟將在10底再度聚會，但最終的投票可能拖延到12月。如果孟山都無法順利更新許可證，今年12月底到期後，依歐盟法規將自動開始嘉磷塞（glyphosate）禁令。\n嘉磷塞為「系統性除草劑」，葉片吸收後可快速由上往下移行直達根部，使全株死亡。嘉磷塞的急毒性低，但有害動物與人體健康的研究報告層出不窮，IARC在 2015年將嘉磷塞歸為很可能致癌的 2A等級致癌物，嘉磷塞代謝物AMPA亦具毒性，殘留時間可達一百多天，研究指出，長期施用對蚯蚓的生長速率及總生物量造成明顯下降的趨勢。\n歐盟執委會擬延長嘉磷塞許可，但限縮使用範圍\n歐盟執委會（European Commission，猶如歐盟行政院）提出的最新草案，雖然同意延長嘉磷塞許可，卻也提出但書，要求不得再搭配界面活性劑聚乙氧基化牛脂胺（POEA），也提醒成員國必須考慮水源會受到嘉磷塞污染。\n米蘭所在的倫巴底大區監測結果顯示，31.8%的表面水域監測站驗出嘉磷塞殘留，而更有高達56.6%測出有嘉磷塞的降解物AMPA。「義大利環境保護研究院」（ISPRA）去年5月發布的「2013與2014年水域農藥殘留報告」則指出，嘉磷塞與其降解物是全國河川湖泊中最常見的農藥殘留。\n歐盟執委會同時建議，必須保護使用者免受嘉磷塞的副作用影響，在施用時也要降低對非目標作物、脊椎動物的傷害。此外，公園、綠地、運動場、校園和遊樂園等地都要最小限度使用，並禁止在作物採收前施用嘉磷塞。\n嘉磷塞被葉片吸收，往下運行到枝條與根部，從根部滲入土壤、或殘存於死亡的根部，被土中生物和微生物分解。也可能轉移而被非目標植物吸收，造成藥害，作物殘留則可能進入食物鏈；或經土壤侵蝕而淋溶進入水體，影響水中生態。（資料來源：Glyphosate in northern ecosystems. Marjo Helander , Irma Saloniemi and Kari Saikkonen. Plant Science Conferences in 2012）\n法國與義大利反對延長十年，德國態度不明\n嘉磷塞的許可證在2016年6月底到期後，更新過程一波三折。隸屬世界衛生組織（WHO）的國際癌症研究所（IARC）在2015年3月將嘉磷塞列為極可能致癌的2A等級後，禁用這款熱銷除草劑的聲音高漲。贊成與反對的意見激烈交鋒，執委會去年的三次提案都無法得到多數成員國支持，最後單方暫時延長18個月。\n儘管執委會的最新提案已經列入更嚴格條件，但在10月5、6日的會議上，仍舊無法說服多數成員國支持。\n在45個公民團體的「反嘉磷塞」推特風暴洗版下，去年宣布嚴加管理嘉磷塞的義大利政府由農業部長馬堤納（Maurizio Martina）出面回應：「反對歐盟的延長提案，我們依照科學與環境證據做出這個決定，義大利應該作為永續農業的表率。」\n歐洲公民團體積極鼓吹，禁用除草劑嘉磷塞圖片來源：https://www.greens-efa.eu/en/article/glyphosate/\n更新許可需要歐盟16國、達人口65%雙重多數\n而早先表態反對嘉磷塞的法國政府，在農民的抗議後採取折衷立場，「將在未來5到7年間逐步禁用，」農業部長特維爾（Stéphane Travert）指出，同時會協助農人尋找嘉磷塞的替代品。\n可能反對延長核可的國家還有瑞典、奧地利、盧森堡與荷蘭。經常被台灣視為環保尖兵的德國，則是舉棋不定。總理梅克爾今年7月在大選前向農民承諾將支持嘉磷塞更新，但德國公民強烈質疑，加上聯合政府左右派意見不同，最終可能選擇缺席、不投票。\n更新許可需要得到歐盟28國的16國支持，而且代表的人口數必須超過65%的雙重多數。當法國與義大利反對執委會延長10年的提案，德國的態度成為關鍵，因為這三國的人口總數佔歐盟整體的41%。\n歐盟禁嘉磷塞事小，危及孟山都基改種子損失大\n去年出價660億美金（約2兆台幣）收購孟山都的德國拜耳（Bayer）表示，無論嘉磷塞是否取得歐盟的更新許可，都不會影響併購的意願。\n瑞士科學家在1950年代就已經合成出嘉磷塞，孟山都在1974年推出含有嘉磷塞的年年春，並取得專利。抗嘉磷塞的基改作物在1996年開始商業種植後，這款除草劑迎來最繁盛的春天，主宰全球市場。\n由於嘉磷塞的專利已經在2001年過期，根據伯恩斯坦（Bernstein）投資公司估計，即使無法在歐盟取得新的核可，孟山都約損失一億美金的利潤，在全球48億的嘉磷塞營收中比例並不高。直接受到衝擊的，將是在歐洲生產嘉磷塞的中國農藥廠。\n孟山都憂心的是，嘉磷塞被禁用後，危及與之配套銷售、年營收達100億美金的基改種子市場，動搖公司的命脈。\n以其他有效成分製成除草劑的巴斯夫（BASF）、拜耳與先正達（Syngenda）等歐洲大廠，甚至可能在嘉磷塞禁用後得利。然而，這些全球農化市場的領頭羊沒有幸災樂禍，因為他們擔憂，嘉磷塞的禁用並非單一個案，而是象徵著農藥管理制度都將全面緊縮。\n嘉磷塞便宜，用量大，全球嘉磷塞用量在1995年是67,078公噸，不到10年，2014年增加到825,804公噸，成長為12.3倍。嘉磷塞為台灣三大除草劑銷售量之冠，2016佔42.67%。\n\n百萬歐盟公民反嘉磷塞，孟山都在美國、法國面臨訴訟\n上百個公民團體聯合發起的「反嘉磷塞」在5個月內衝破百萬人連署門檻，依照規範，歐盟執委會必須對強大的民意做出反應。7月初正式遞交名單後，連署人數仍持續攀升。「歐洲公民不會被農藥廠的遊說或是假科學愚弄。政治人物們要聽聽這些響亮而清楚的聲音：禁用這危險的除草劑，保護公民和環境，並邁向無農藥的未來。」連署發起人舒瓦茲（David Schwartz）表示。\n歐盟成員國開會之際，美國加州的酪梨農人麥考兒（Teri McCall）來到歐盟總部所在的布魯塞爾。她指出，丈夫傑克因為長年噴灑嘉磷塞而罹患非何杰金氏淋巴癌去世，「他以為這是安全的，因此只噴這個除草劑，不用其他化學藥劑。」\n除了在美國面臨非何杰金氏淋巴癌患者與家人的集體訴訟，法國農夫葛塔蘿普（Sabine Grataloup）也決定控告孟山都，「他們造成我的孩子殘缺，必須要負起責任。」因為相信嘉磷塞宣稱可生物溶解的低毒性廣告，她在懷孕期間繼續使用，導致胎兒在子宮中未能發展出健全的喉嚨與食道。\nEESC 邀請David Schwartz及綠色和平Herman van Bekkem說明為何要發起禁用嘉磷賽提案（圖片來源：http://bit.ly/2xxIhZ6）\n農民擔憂禁用嘉磷塞後成本大增\n儘管禁種基改作物，嘉磷塞仍是歐盟使用最廣的除草劑。「禁用嘉磷塞意謂著保育型農業（Conservation agriculture）的終結，」法國製油公會主席羅梭（Arnaud Rousseau）發出警訊。聯合國糧農組織以永續之名推廣的保育型農業為了遏止土壤退化，採收後殘株留在原地，覆蓋土地並形成有機質，但同時仰賴除草劑解決雜草橫生的問題，種植向日葵的法國農民通常選擇便宜、好用的嘉磷塞。\n「不只保育型農業，連慣行農法也會受到影響。」歐洲保育農業公會主席巴許（Gottlieb Basch）應和。\n在健康、環境的考量外，農夫也要評估勞力與成本。法國是歐盟最大的小麥生產國，「如果不能使用嘉磷塞，栽種穀物的農人整體而言每年要多支出9億歐元。」麥農協會主席品塔（Philippe Pinta）算了一筆帳。\n目前在歐盟的除草劑選擇還有拜耳的巴試達（Basta）和先正達的Reglone，但農人抱怨價格高出約二成，而且效果不如嘉磷塞。\n義大利農牧協會則表示，可以支持禁令，「但同時也要禁止進口施用嘉磷塞的作物，否則本國農民將面臨不公平競爭。」\n罔顧民意與民主程序，孟山都被禁止進入歐洲議會\nYouGov去年的民調顯示，三成二的歐洲公民支持禁用嘉磷塞，其中義大利高達75%，德國70%、法國60%，政策長期親美的英國也有56%。\n面對排山倒海而來的民意，孟山都副總裁米勒（Philip Miller）批評：「我們注意到，歐盟更新嘉磷塞的程序越來越政治化。這應該是科學的過程，如今卻遭到民粹主義的駭客襲擊。」\n孟山都也罔顧民主的制度，拒絕出席聽證會釐清操弄科學研究、收買新聞記者的指控，歐洲議員在9月底一致通過，禁止孟山都說客進入議會大廈，這是議會首次動用這類禁令。「那些漠視民主規則的人，也失去遊說的權力。美國企業必須遵守議會監督的職責，孟山都也不例外。」綠黨議員蘭博特斯（Philippe Lamberts）表示。\n仿效過去菸商的劇本，孟山都操弄科學研究\n說是要遵守科學決定，但國際癌症研究所在2015年3月將嘉磷塞列為極可能致癌的2A等級後，孟山都毫無風度表示：「這是垃圾科學」，並指責參與審核的小組專家是「外行人。」\n爾後歐盟食品安全局（EFSA）和歐盟化學管理局（ECHA）陸續指出，嘉磷塞可能不會致癌。可是歐盟食品安全局的審核報告被揭露大量複製、貼上孟山都提供的材料。「根據歐盟規範，農藥風險審核的第一步就是要有申請者提供的檔案，」該局執行長烏爾（Bernhard Url）解釋，「因此報告中有申請公司的檔案是理所當然，也是必要的。」\n陸續曝光的資料還顯示，孟山都收買科學家，代筆撰寫報告後，掛上專家名字發表，重創科學的公信力。\n「40年前，許多研究都說吸菸有益，」代表500多位非何杰金氏淋巴癌患者與家人控訴孟山都的美國律師魏司納（Brent Wisner）表示，持反對意見的科學家則遭到菸商攻擊，「如今孟山都用的是一樣劇本，操弄科學。」無須一言堂支持，只要科學家相互攻訐，在一旁煽風點火的孟山都，就有機會坐收漁翁之利。（本文待續）\n延伸閱讀：\n加州決議除草劑年年春須標示含致癌物，歐洲百萬人連署反嘉磷塞\n寸草不留 ─ 除草劑過量衝擊土壤生態增罹癌隱憂\n歐盟拼農藥減半不減產，禁用類尼古丁救蜜蜂，百萬連署反嘉磷塞\n義大利加嚴管制嘉磷塞採收前、人多聚集處不得使用"],["topImageUrl","https://www.newsmarket.com.tw/files/2017/10/20170920_eesc_plenary_481_plenary_september_2017_-_photo_presentation_ban_glyphosate-1.jpg"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","歐盟拼農藥減半不減產，禁用類尼古丁救蜜蜂，百萬連署反嘉磷塞 | 上下游News&Market"],["url","https://www.newsmarket.com.tw/blog/93773/"],["summary","每到春來，農人忙著播種之際，也是歐洲各國串連的「農藥行動週」（Pesticide Action Week），連續十二年來，在農忙時節，推廣減少農業用藥與另類農法。歐洲農藥行動網（PAN Europe）表示，農藥減半並非天方夜譚，多位農友挺身見證。法國的研究也證明，少用農藥不代表農民收入減少。\n農藥週海報\n西西里農夫：有機農業不只是「可能」，而是「必要」\n知名酒鄉波爾多往北一百公里，德康堤（François de Conti）在塔納克（Thénac）的葡萄園只施用天然物質，像是異株蕁麻。先前使用化學藥劑時，部分葡萄風味不佳，只有四成可以釀酒，轉型有機生產後，攀升到了八成。「一些轉為有機生產的葡萄農發現，因為品質提升，結果是比慣行農法收入更好。」德康堤說。\n有機的精神不在農藥零檢出，而是更理解作物生態，及早發現問題。「我密切觀察葡萄園裡的所有生態，一些周邊植物會先出現異樣，而這些病徵隨後也可能會發生在葡萄藤上。」德康堤解釋，「這需要精確的觀察能力、知識與技術，但好處是不再仰賴農藥或是化學藥物，這可以保護整個生態體系。」\n西西里島的農人柯波拉（Mimmo Coppola）則認為：「另類農法或有機農業不只是『可能』，而是『必要』，我原本是個農業技師，很明白慣行農法中化學藥物的害處。」如今他在一百公頃的土地上，輪耕著古老的小麥品種、番茄、哈密瓜、蠶豆、大蒜與扁豆。「我熱愛被所謂『進步』毀掉的一切，傳統和古老的智慧能夠把我們從現代的集體中毒解救出來。」\n柯波拉同樣承認，有機農法更加費時費力，需要更多的耐心。然而，「如果不是工業化農業過量生產，導致價格暴跌，我們有機農就能存活下來，並證明不用農藥，尊重環境與健康也能夠有足夠的產量。」\n農藥行動週的海報點出，農藥氣味讓農村風味不再\n法國研究：少用四成農藥，不影響收成或收入\n單獨的個案外，系統化的研究也顯示，農藥減量未必會減產。\n法國「國家農業研究院」（INRA）與「農業解答」公司（Agrosolution）年初共同發表在《自然植物》（Nature Plants）期刊的報告指出，針對946家法國農業企業的研究顯示，近六成的企業減少四成的農藥用量時，不會減少產量或收入。而受到影響的，是原本就極度仰賴農藥的高附加價值作物，像是馬鈴薯與甜菜。\n不過，研究也提醒，即使不會面臨損失，少用農藥並非農友理所當然的選擇，因為有相當的難度而且需要有專家引導。\n歐洲農藥行動網：須落實農藥永續使用的目標\n事實上，歐洲議會與歐洲理事會在2009年就達成共識，要求歐盟執委會（European Commission，猶如歐盟的行政院）研擬促使會員國農藥永續使用的架構。然而事隔7年，執委會遲遲未推出提案，而成員國中也只有丹麥自行積極行動。原本計畫在2018年農藥用量減半的法國，也推遲到2025年才能達到目標。\n更令人沮喪的是，歐盟的農藥銷售量不減反增。即使扣除在2013年才加入歐盟的克羅埃西亞用量，根據歐洲統計局的資料，農藥有效成分在2014年的銷售量達39萬3825公噸，仍高於成員國須開始推動農藥永續使用時，2011年的38萬1261公噸。\n歐洲農藥行動網要求加快推動農藥永續使用，「成員國必須釐清，農藥的專業使用者要遵守哪些規則，以及政府會如何在技術和財政協助農民轉向『害物綜合管理』。」資深政策顧問克莉絲婷尚（Henriette Christensen）進一步指出，「促使農民轉型的最佳政策工具，就是租稅誘因。」可是，一些可能危害環境的農藥，例如嘉磷塞，至今在部分歐洲地區仍享有補貼。\n歐盟成員國平均每公頃農業用地的農藥用量，剛好與歐盟農業補助金呈現正相關。換句話說，農藥用愈多，補助領愈多。「我們要問，用納稅人的錢補助農藥高消耗的國家，這是什麼道理？」克莉絲婷尚質疑，並建議歐盟農業政策必須協助農民轉向低用藥的農法。\n艱難戰役中的小勝利，歐盟可望永遠禁止類尼古丁農藥\n在對抗農藥濫用的艱難戰役中，總算有一則令人鼓舞的消息。\n當台灣仍在爭論益達胺（imidacloprid）對蜜蜂的影響時，歐盟計畫長久禁止類尼古丁（neonicotinoids）農藥。\n根據歐盟執委會在三月初向成員國提交的草案，預計禁用拜耳生產的益達胺、可尼丁（clothianidin）以及先正達的賽速安（thiamethoxam）等三種危及蜜蜂生存的類尼古丁殺蟲劑在田間使用，但密閉的溫室系統例外。\n這項提案最快將在五月投票，需要代表65%歐盟公民的55%會員國支持，才能通過。2013年歐盟決定暫時禁用類尼古丁兩年，當時反對最力的英國脫歐後，可望迎來永久的禁令。\n義大利禁用類尼古丁殺蟲劑，結果是蜜蜂健康、玉米大豐收\n由於出現蜜蜂族群崩潰症（CCD），義大利提前在2008年下令禁止使用益達胺、可尼丁、賽速安，以及巴斯夫（BASF）生產的芬普尼（Fipronil）。\n禁令頒佈的一年後，義大利養蜂與養蠶研究中心在2009年的報告指出，當年春天有10起蜜蜂集體中毒的案例，其中8起與違規使用類尼古丁殺蟲劑有關。相較之下，前一年度春天則有185起蜜蜂集體死亡，其中的132起案例都偵測到類尼古丁殺蟲劑。\n農民一度強烈抗議禁令，擔憂收成銳減，尤其是習慣使用類尼古丁農藥處理玉米種子的農人。米蘭大學農業專家也預測，禁令可能造成農民1.5億歐元的損失。\n不只蜜蜂重拾生機，結果也出乎玉米農意料。即使沒有依照往年的慣習使用類尼古丁農藥處理玉米種子，2010與2011年的玉米切根蟲危害程度並沒有加劇，而2011年更是大豐收，農民反而要擔心「榖賤傷農」。\n然而，蜜蜂並非從此高枕無憂，義大利蜜蜂採集的花粉上仍有多種農藥殘留。全國蜂農協會副主席巴拉卡尼（Giorgio Baracani）說：「我們無意對農民開戰，而是希望雙方合作，找出雙贏策略。畢竟蜜蜂受苦時，授粉過程也不會順利。」\n歐盟拼百萬連署，禁用除草劑嘉磷塞\n類尼古丁農藥可望淡出歐盟農田時，禁用除草劑嘉磷塞（glyphosate）仍是一場硬戰。繼歐洲食品安全局（EFSA）在2015年指出，嘉磷塞「可能不會」致癌後，歐洲化學管理局（ECHA）也在今年三月中表示，嘉磷塞不會致癌或是引發基因變異、影響生殖能力。\n這兩項評估報告，為歐盟再度延長嘉磷塞使用剷除了障礙。然而，綠色和平歐洲分部主任李斯（Jorgo Riss）指出，風險評估委員有利益衝突，波蘭與芬蘭代表都在化學業界工作。\n奧地利環保組織「全球2000」（Global 2000）與農藥行動聯盟等團體則批評，孟山都（Monsanto）等多家農化廠，多年來贊助宣稱嘉磷塞對公共衛生無害的報告，而這些研究常有科學缺陷，像是刻意刪除個案或是引用無關的數據。\n歐洲公民團體積極鼓吹，禁用除草劑嘉磷塞\n孟山都操弄「科學」研究\n美國聯邦法院解密的孟山都電子郵件更顯示，毒物與疾病註冊局（ATSDR）在2015年調查嘉磷塞的風險時，美國環保局（EPA）資深官員羅蘭德（Jess Rowland）私下向孟山都表示：「如果我可以扼殺這份報告，應該得個獎章。」而孟山都也在郵件中提及，可以由該公司代筆「嘉磷塞安全」的論文後，再由其他科學家掛名發表。\n「全球2000」也批評，歐洲與美國的管理機構大量使用由農化大廠贊助的有利嘉磷塞而且未公開發表的產業研究，以此淡化由同儕審查、發表在科學期刊上的論文重要性。\n二十多個歐洲公民團體發起百萬人連署，要求永久禁用嘉磷塞，此外也呼籲改革農藥審核的程序，研究報告必須是由企業出錢，但由主管機關委託，並正式發表在期刊上，而不是像現在，由企業直接贊助研究。\n儘管科學日新月異，農藥對健康影響的研究仍有其侷限。「多數是實驗室裡的毒理學研究，像是可以找出對免疫系統的影響，但也必須納入流行病學研究。可是，因為很難找到完全沒有受農藥影響的人群當對照組，而農藥殘留也存在空氣和水源，加上相關研究必須長時進行，成本很高。」在帕瑪大學教授環境與健康的莫多奈希（Carlo Modonesi）解釋。\n資訊不對稱，禁令總是姍姍來遲\n儘管農化大廠沒有操弄科學研究過程，仍有「資訊不對稱」（information asymmetry）的問題，沒有向受到農藥影響的農民、消費者，乃至主管機關揭露所有的訊息，將風險轉嫁到他者身上。\n最近在台灣鬧得滿城風雨的氟派瑞（fluopyram），雖以食藥署廢止在茶類的容許值暫時收場。但拜耳從2014年遞件申請以來，未自行揭露氟派瑞2015年在歐洲造成葡萄減產，並導致酒商損失慘重的訊息。在台灣，負責審核的農委會也沒有察覺這項風險，未曾在台灣實驗的情況下，便核准含有氟派瑞的三氟派瑞延伸使用在葡萄上。\n拜耳與先正達也被指控隱瞞關於類尼古丁殺蟲劑對蜜蜂影響的研究，而美國環保署知情不報，同樣被環保團體告上法院。\n以科學大旗掩護，加上龐大的金錢攻勢與產官學關係，資訊不對稱衍申為權力不對稱，讓民眾對農化大廠充滿疑心。而總在受害人數與環境惡化嚴重到足以證明「統計顯著性」並提出「科學證據」時，禁令才姍姍來遲。\n延伸閱讀：\n歐盟最新草案類尼古丁農藥嚴重危害蜜蜂預計全面禁用\n氟派瑞在歐洲惹禍多國葡萄受損數十億台幣拜耳低調賠償\n紐約時報對於農化大廠影響科學界的報導\n歐洲環保團體指出農化大廠「收買科學」\n德國《時代週刊》Die Ziet 對嘉磷塞的調查報導\n【餐桌下的交易】拜耳與孟山都攜手向前加速的火車開往何方？"],["topImageUrl","https://www.newsmarket.com.tw/files/2017/04/pan-europe-glyphosat-grafik-1200x630.jpg"],["error",null]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title",null],["url","https://www.efsa.europa.eu/en/press/news/180228"],["summary",null],["topImageUrl",null],["error","NOT_REACHABLE"]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title",null],["url","https://www.euractiv.com/section/agriculture-food/news/pressure-mounts-on-commission-to-put-neonics-ban-to-a-vote/"],["summary",null],["topImageUrl",null],["error","NOT_REACHABLE"]]},{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","The bitter battle over the world’s most popular insecticides"],["url","https://www.nature.com/news/the-bitter-battle-over-the-world-s-most-popular-insecticides-1.22972"],["summary","Lucy Hulmes/CEH\t\tResearchers have monitored the health of the red mason bee (Osmia bicornis-rufa), which nests in hollow cavities.\t\t\n\t\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tMaj Rundlöf remembers the moment she changed her mind about neonicotinoids. In December 2013, in her office at Lund University in Sweden, she and postdoc Georg Andersson were peering at data from their latest study. It was designed to test what would happen to bees if they fed on crops treated with neonicotinoids — the world's most widely used insecticides. “I didn't expect to see any effect at all, to be honest,” says Rundlöf.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tHives of honeybees (Apis mellifera) weren't greatly affected by the chemicals in their pollen and nectar, the study suggested1. But the data on bumblebees (Bombus terrestris) told a different story. Bumblebee colonies that hadn't fed on the treated crops looked normal: they were packing on weight to survive the winter. But in the colonies exposed to neonicotinoids, the growth chart was a flat line.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tWhen the Swedish study was published in April 2015, it made headlines around the world. It was the first to show that neonicotinoid chemicals — known as neonics — could harm bees in a real-world farming situation.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tBee populations are declining in many parts of the globe, a worrying sign for the crops and wild plants that rely on these pollinators for their survival. Parasites, disease and shrinking food resources are all prime suspects. But a link to neonics has become a major flashpoint.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tEven before Rundlöf's results were revealed, the European Union had placed heavy restrictions on the three most widely used neonics in flowering crops — plants that might be attractive to bees — amid rising concerns that the chemicals might harm pollinators. The restricted neonics were imidacloprid and clothianidin, made by agrochemical giant Bayer, and thiamethoxam, made by Syngenta. But farmers, the agrochemical industry and some scientists pointed out that the moratorium was precautionary and based on limited evidence, gathered mostly from lab tests.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tSince Rundlöf's paper, studies showing real-world evidence of harm from pesticides in the field have been mounting — and environmental organizations have demanded wide-ranging bans. Regulatory agencies will soon decide what to do about neonics, which have a global market worth more than US$1.5 billion per year. This month, the EU's European Food Safety Authority is due to complete a re-evaluation of evidence for restricting neonics; the EU will then need to decide what action to take. The US Environmental Protection Agency is expected to complete its own review of the insecticides next year. France's parliament has passed a law that would ban neonics in 2018, although some exemptions will be allowed.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tBut industry groups and some scientists say the evidence still isn't conclusive. The picture is complicated: some studies show harm to some bees in some circumstances, whereas others find no harm. The results seem to be affected by many factors, including the species of bee and the kinds of crops involved. Scientists working on the question say the subject has become toxic: any new study is instantly and furiously picked at by entrenched advocates on both sides. Even the results of the largest study on the matter, funded by the agrochemical industry, failed to produce a consensus. Published this year2, it launched another round of recriminations — including complaints from funders who criticized the paper that they had paid for. Ultimately, it's likely that political or regulatory decisions will settle the matter before opposing parties agree, says Sainath Suryanarayanan, an entomologist and sociologist at the University of Wisconsin–Madison who has studied the bee-health issue. “It is a common pattern for highly contentious and polarized debates,” he says.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tThe world's favourite insecticide\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tIn the early 1980s, scientists at Nihon Tokushu Noyaku Seizo in Tokyo, an arm of Bayer, started to play around with nithiazine, an insecticide created in California a decade earlier. They discovered a new compound that was more than 100 times as effective at killing crop pests, such as aphids. Named imidacloprid, the chemical was launched onto the market in the 1990s, and it quickly became one of the most widely used insecticides in the world. By the mid-2000s, imidacloprid and similar compounds made up one-quarter of all insecticides (see 'Rising tide'). The compounds damage insects' nervous systems by causing the nerves to fire continually until they fail, eventually leading to death. Many neonics are applied directly to seeds, and are taken up by growing plants. If the plant flowers, the chemicals find their way into pollen and nectar.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\t\t\t\n\n\n\n\n\t \t\t\n\t\tSource: USGS/CalPIP\t\t\t\t\n\t\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tIn France, where sunflower seeds coated with imidacloprid came on the market in 1994, beekeepers raised the alarm. They said that their honeybees were failing to make it home after foraging flights, and they pinned the blame on the sunflowers. The concerns triggered a 1999 French ban on imidacloprid-coated sunflower seeds, which continues to this day — although it was based on the precautionary principle, rather than formal proofs of harm, says Axel Decourtye, a researcher at the Institute for Bees in Avignon, France.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tScientists hurried to find those proofs — or evidence that the concern was overblown. Researchers quickly discovered that honeybees fed high doses of neonicotinoids died. And even sub-lethal doses triggered unusual behaviour: exposed honeybees changed their dining habits, foraging less often but for longer periods3. Other research showed4 that neonics act on parts of a bee's brain associated with memory and learning. Honeybees trained to respond to particular scents by sticking out their tongues, for example, performed worse — or failed to learn the task at all — when dosed with a neonic.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tAt every stage, critics raised new queries about how realistic the experiments were, says Decourtye. “How do we know if the neonicotinoid doses are realistic? Does the effect on the individual have any effect on the colony?”\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tOut in the field\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tAs work continued in the laboratory, researchers also began to turn to the fields. In 2012, Decourtye and his colleagues published a paper5 showing that what they called “thiamethoxam intoxication” seemed to interfere with the ability of honeybees to return to their hives after looking for food in a realistic, outdoor setting. Yet that study still dosed bees' food with neonics, rather than allowing them to feed on treated crops.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tAround the same time, a UK team found6 that it was not just honeybees that could be at risk. They reported that colonies of bumblebees exposed to “field-realistic” levels of imidacloprid in the lab and then left to grow in field conditions grew slower than controls. They also produced 85% fewer new queens to carry on their line. That work was led by Dave Goulson, a bee researcher now at the University of Sussex in Brighton, UK. In 2006, Goulson had started a charity dedicated to conserving bumblebees, and people began telling him their concerns about neonics. “To start with, I was pretty dubious,” he says. But by 2014, the Task Force on Systemic Pesticides (TFSP) — a group of 30 scientists, including Goulson — announced that it had analysed 800 peer-reviewed studies on neonics and bees, and found “clear evidence of harm sufficient to trigger regulatory action”8.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tRundlöf's study set out to be the most realistic yet. Her team sowed eight Swedish fields with oilseed-rape seeds coated in clothianidin, and eight with untreated seeds. They found1 not only that bumblebee colonies in treated fields grew less well than the controls, but also that the numbers of wild bees in the treated fields fell. Industry spokespeople noted that honeybee colonies weren't affected, and also quibbled with the study — arguing, for example, that the researchers had only placed a small number of wild bees into fields, so findings might not be statistically robust. Rundlöf, however, points out that the researchers also surveyed wild bees flying around, and had the bumblebee-colony data to draw on. “I know we have robust evidence,” she says.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\t\t\t\t\n\n\n\n\n\t \t\t\n\t\tMaj Rundlöf\t\tResearchers examine the health of honeybees during a field study led by Maj Rundlöf in Sweden.\t\t\n\t\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tIn mid-2017, the largest field study yet — funded with some $3 million from industry — reported its long-awaited results2. Scientists from the Centre for Ecology and Hydrology (CEH) near Wallingford, UK, had put honeybees, mason bees (Osmia bicornis) and bumblebees in 33 oilseed-rape fields in the United Kingdom, Germany and Hungary. This time, the seeds, sown in winter, had been coated with either clothianidin or thiamethoxam, or with a neonicotinoid-free pesticide treatment.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t“A lot of farmers do fundamentally rely on neonicotinoids.”\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tThe researchers, led by CEH entomologist Ben Woodcock, found that bumblebees and mason bees fared less well the more neonics they were exposed to. The honeybee picture was more complicated: in some cases, neonics seemed to affect bee health, but in others, they didn't. In the United Kingdom and Hungary, neonic compounds seemed to reduce worker-bee numbers in honeybee hives; in Hungary, researchers also saw fewer egg cells in these hives, an indication of reduced reproductive success. In Germany, however, the honeybee hives exposed to neonics had more egg cells — a puzzling result. Overall, the CEH study concluded that neonicotinoids reduced bees' ability to establish new colonies after winter. The journal editor's summary of the paper came under the headline: “Damage confirmed”.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tThe agrochemical firms that funded the study don't agree. At a press conference in June, when CEH scientists presented their results — without Woodcock, who was overseas — spokespeople from Syngenta and Bayer told reporters that both the study's analysis and its conclusions were questionable. They noted that Woodcock's team had analysed more than 200 pieces of information about honeybees; 9 showed a negative effect from neonicotinoids, whereas 7 were positive. “The one-line simplistic summary conclusion published does not reflect the data presented in this paper,” argued Peter Campbell, an environmental specialist at Syngenta in Reading, UK, in a separate statement released to the media.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tWoodcock was incensed by the criticism. In an interview with environmental group Greenpeace, he said that industry had accused him of being a liar. Now, he says, he regrets that choice of words, but he still thinks industry took a blinkered view of the results. “I do feel that the sentiment of what I implied, while inappropriate, was not an unreasonable reaction,” he says. The negative effects were in key areas related to bee health, he says, adding that for industrial firms to deny that neonics are having an effect on bees is “probably naive”.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tMany of the academics Nature talked to agree. “I think the majority of researchers highlight that the weakening of bee populations caused by neonicotinoids is proved,” says Decourtye. But not everyone is so certain. “The question of whether the damage to bees is translated to an effect in fields on whole populations of bees is much harder to show,” says Linda Field, head of the department of Biointeractions and Crop Protection at Rothamsted Research in Harpenden, UK. Mature colonies may survive even if individual bees are impaired, because other worker bees compensate, notes Nigel Raine, a biologist at the University of Guelph in Canada. But solitary bees, such as wild bees and queen bumblebees emerging from hibernation, might be at greater risk.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tCampbell thinks that many academics are “neutral” on the matter, but are not vocal about it. Studies showing harm to bees tend to garner media attention, and are published in widely read journals, whereas those showing no impact are relegated to less highly cited publications, he says. But Goulson and Woodcock say some of the studies that industry cites as showing no harm are statistically dubious, and more flawed than the headline-garnering trials that show harm.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tChristian Maus, global lead scientist for bee care at Bayer in Monheim am Rhein, Germany, picks his words carefully. “I think it is clear and undebated that neonicotinoids do have some intrinsic toxicity to bees,” he says. “But under realistic conditions, as prevailing in the field and agricultural practice, we have not seen any evidence that they would be harming honeybee colonies, for instance, when they are correctly applied.”\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tCombinatorial effects\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tResearchers are looking beyond simple relationships between a single pesticide and bee harm. In a 2012 paper8, Raine and his colleagues showed that exposing bumblebees to a neonicotinoid in combination with a pesticide called a pyrethroid hampered their ability to collect pollen. Colonies exposed to both compounds experienced higher losses of worker bees than did controls, or colonies dosed with only one. The study was the first to show combinatorial effects, Raine says — which is important, because bees will be exposed to multiple compounds in the wild. And this year, in a paper9 published alongside Woodcock's, a Canadian team studying honeybee colonies near maize (corn) plants found that the presence of the fungicide boscalid halved the dose of neonics needed to cause death.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tThat work also suggested that neonic chemicals can migrate away from the plants that they are supposed to protect: by identifying the sources of pollen grains in the hives, the researchers showed that bees were exposed to neonics mainly through pollen from untreated plants. Neonicotinoids are water-soluble — which is how they move from seeds into growing plant tissues. “But that also means they can be washed off the seed, into the soil, and maybe into other plants,” says Christian Krupke, an entomologist at Purdue University in West Lafayette, Indiana.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tIn one study10, Krupke found that just 1.34% of clothianidin applied as seed treatment to maize ended up in the crop’s tissues. Neonics that get into the wider environment might cause other, more indirect problems. A 2014 study11 in the Netherlands, for instance, reported a fall in populations of insect-eating birds in areas with high concentrations of neonicotinoids in the water. It suggested that the chemicals might have depleted the birds’ food resource.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tSome researchers are now questioning whether there is any benefit to using neonicotinoids at all. In another study12, Krupke’s group found no benefits on maize yield from the use of neonicotinoids in Indiana. In this crop, he says, the prophylactic use of neonicotinoids — which are often part of a bundle of pesticides sold pre-applied to seeds — is foolish.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t“The way they’re used doesn’t make any sense,” he says. “It only makes sense from one motive. That is the profit motive for the manufacturer.”\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tCampbell insists that neonicotinoids do provide yield increases, but much of the evidence is proprietary and unpublished. Since the EU neonicotinoid restrictions, Maus says, research suggests there has been a 4% decline in oilseed-rape yield. Whether or not the restrictions have had any effect, farmers have furiously protested against losing the ability to use neonics. Anecdotal reports suggest many are attempting to compensate by applying increasing amounts of pyrethroids, which are sprayed over crops, rather than applied to seeds; these chemicals may bring their own health risks if used in large quantities, because they are toxic to fish and aquatic insects.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tThe B word\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tRegulators in some countries will soon decide whether to take further action to restrict neonics — and here, researchers are split. Some campaign groups, such as Greenpeace and the Pesticide Action Network, have argued for a ban on the use of neonics on all outdoor crops, not just those that might be attractive to bees, such as the bright-yellow flowers of oilseed rape.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t“A lot of farmers do fundamentally rely on neonicotinoids,” says Woodcock. And clamping down severely on one chemical might mean that greater amounts of other damaging substances are used. “If people can't use neonicotinoids and they go to other insecticides, is that any better? There are lots of knock-on effects,” says Field.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tThat concern points to wider doubts about the regulatory systems that allowed agrichemicals such as neonics onto the market in the first place, says Goulson. Many researchers are hesitant to advocate outright bans. Some, such as Rundlöf, say it isn't their job to make policy recommendations. But Goulson says his view has changed as the evidence has mounted. In 2014 — at the time of the TFSP's first synthesis report — he thought that there might be certain situations in which neonics were the best option. But since then, he says, there's been even stronger evidence of collapsing insect populations — and it is hard to regulate partial bans. “I think now I'd vote for a complete ban,” he says.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tWhatever regulators do, Goulson says, he is growing increasingly downbeat about the chances of any consensus forming between industry and academia on the issue. “I'm starting to come to the conclusion there will never be a game-changer,” he says. “There is nothing I think any scientist could do at this point to make people all sit down and have any answer.”"],["topImageUrl","http://www.nature.com/polopoly_fs/7.47588.1510137647!/image/LucyHulmes_OsmiaBicornis-rufa_DSC_0165_WEB.jpg_gen/derivatives/nature_homepage/LucyHulmes_OsmiaBicornis-rufa_DSC_0165_WEB.jpg"],["error",null]]}]}],["text","親愛的朋友，\n\n您好！現在，全世界有成千上萬蜜蜂逐漸死去，但兩天後，歐盟有望全面禁用危及蜜蜂存續的有毒農藥！\n\n頂尖的科學家以及農民聯盟都不斷呼籲實施禁令，歐盟國家的民眾也普遍支持；英、法、德等12國將投下支持票，但我們還需要另外4個國家的一票才能贏得星期五的表決。一旦歐盟通過禁令，我們就有機會進而推動更多國家跟進。\n\n目前表決的情勢尚未完全明朗，所以每一個連署簽名都至關重要 -- 邀請您立刻加入連署，並幫忙分享出去：\n\nhttps://secure.avaaz.org/campaign/ct/save_the_bees_neonics_loc_ns/?tUlKRlb&v=500463352&cl=14353930467&_checksum=767b05c6ceeaaced891d5ac06558c6c787260449170dbc0659039ba024e81252\n\n致各歐盟成員國、世界各國領袖及農業部長：\n\n「我們籲請您們即刻禁用類尼古丁（neonicotinoid）農藥。蜜蜂族群的衰亡將會使我們的整個食物鏈面臨崩壞，如果您迅速採取行動，我們就有望拯救蜜蜂免於滅絕。」\n\nhttps://secure.avaaz.org/campaign/ct/save_the_bees_neonics_loc_ns/?tUlKRlb&v=500463352&cl=14353930467&_checksum=767b05c6ceeaaced891d5ac06558c6c787260449170dbc0659039ba024e81252\n\n美國和歐洲都面臨蜜蜂族群急速消亡，我們需要蜜蜂為農作物授粉，因此牠們的死亡也將對整個食物鏈帶來危機！\n\n銷售這些農藥的化學公司正竭力遊說歐盟延後施行禁令；歐洲各國的Avaaz成員紛紛致電他們的官員、刊登廣告，以累積支持禁令的民意。\n\n現在，我們需要全世界一起串連史上最大規模的保護蜜蜂連署！請立刻加入，並幫忙分享給親朋好友：\n\nhttps://secure.avaaz.org/campaign/ct/save_the_bees_neonics_loc_ns/?tUlKRlb&v=500463352&cl=14353930467&_checksum=767b05c6ceeaaced891d5ac06558c6c787260449170dbc0659039ba024e81252\n\nAvaaz多年來持續推動禁用類尼古丁農藥；現在，距離成功在歐洲通過永久禁令只剩下幾天了 -- 讓我們凝聚龐大的全球聲浪，給蜜蜂一線生機。\n\n滿懷希望的Alice, Antonia, Lisa, Nick 以及 Avaaz 全體團隊敬上\n\n更多資訊：\n\n歐盟最新草案類尼古丁農藥嚴重危害蜜蜂預計全面禁用\nhttps://www.newsmarket.com.tw/blog/93253/\n\n終結嘉磷塞，歐盟關鍵一戰│法義支持、德國搖擺，百萬歐洲公民連署禁用https://www.newsmarket.com.tw/blog/101270/\n\n歐盟拼農藥減半不減產，禁用類尼古丁救蜜蜂，百萬連署反嘉磷塞https://www.newsmarket.com.tw/blog/93773/\n\n更多資訊（英文）：\n\nNeonicotinoids: risks to bees confirmed (EFSA)\nhttps://www.efsa.europa.eu/en/press/news/180228\n\nPressure mounts on Commission to put neonics ban to a vote (Euractiv)\nhttps://www.euractiv.com/section/agriculture-food/news/pressure-mounts-on-commission-to-put-neonics-ban-to-a-vote/\n\nThe bitter battle over the world’s most popular insecticides (Nature)\nhttps://www.nature.com/news/the-bitter-battle-over-the-world-s-most-popular-insecticides-1.22972"],["id","1i95bq4c279wv"],["createdAt","2018-04-26T15:40:55.717Z"]]}],["reply",{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["id","fh5OSGMBSH_MLFhI9WBl"],["user",{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["id","AVriAlOoyrDaTqlmmqhC"],["name","Lin"],["avatarUrl",null],["level",22]]}],["type","NOT_RUMOR"],["text","歐洲一些新近研究顯示，可尼丁（clothianidin）、益達胺（imidacloprid）及賽速安（thiamethoxam）等三種新類尼古丁（neonicotinoid）殺蟲劑對蜂群有害，主要會破壞蜜蜂的神經系統，減損蜂群歸巢的能力，致使牠們迷路找不到家。"],["reference","http://www.chinatimes.com/newspapers/20130430000551-260108\n救蜜蜂歐盟禁用3種殺蟲劑"],["hyperlinks",{"__iterable":"List","data":[{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["title","救蜜蜂歐盟禁用3種殺蟲劑"],["url","http://www.chinatimes.com/newspapers/20130430000551-260108"],["summary","歐洲聯盟執行委員會將推行為期兩年的暫時禁令，暫停歐盟全體會員國使用三種新類尼古丁殺蟲劑。有研究認為，這些殺蟲劑導致近幾十年來歐洲蜜蜂數量銳減。\n\n北美、歐洲、亞洲與中東地區近年來出現野生蜜蜂大量消失的異常現象，學者稱之為「蜂群崩壞症候群」。歐洲一些新近研究顯示，可尼丁（clothianidin）、益達胺（imidacloprid）及賽速安（thiamethoxam）等三種新類尼古丁（neonicotinoid）殺蟲劑對蜂群有害，主要會破壞蜜蜂的神經系統，減損蜂群歸巢的能力，致使牠們迷路找不到家。這三類殺蟲劑主要的生產廠商是德國的拜耳公司與瑞士的先正達公司。不過，其他研究則認為，蜜蜂的體外寄生蟲「蜜蜂蟹蟎」傳播的一種病毒，才是西方蜜蜂驟減的罪魁禍首。蜜蜂蟹蟎不但寄生在成蜂或幼蟲上吸食體液，使其壽命縮短，而且還會傳播各種病毒和病菌。歐盟國家廿九日投票表決應否禁用三種新類尼古丁殺蟲劑，德國與法國等十五個國家主張禁用，英國與匈牙利等國則反對禁用。由於支持禁用國家未達到多數，依據歐盟相關法規，歐盟執委會只能對實行效期兩年的暫時禁令。聯合國二○一一年發布的報告估計，蜜蜂、蝴蝶、甲蟲與鳥類等主要授粉者，對全球糧食生產舉足輕重，每年為人類經濟貢獻的總值高達二千零卅億美元。因此全球蜂群銳減對世界經濟的衝擊相當可觀。(中國時報)"],["topImageUrl","https://img.chinatimes.com/newsphoto/2016-06-08/Clipping/20160608003186_636009832151288289.png"],["error",null]]}]}],["createdAt","2018-05-10T04:28:44.264Z"]]}]]}]}],["searchArticles",{"__iterable":"List","data":[]}],["searchReplies",{"__iterable":"List","data":[]}]]}]]},"replyDetail":{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["state",{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["isLoading",false],["isAuthLoading",false],["isReplyLoading",false]]}],["data",{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["reply",null],["originalReplyConnection",null]]}]]},"auth":{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["state",{"__iterable":"Map","data":[["isLoading",false],["isDialogShown",false]]}],["user",null]]}}

3 Best and 3 Worst Nuts For Seniors

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